山西省阳泉市2025-2026学年高二下学期开学检测英语试题

第一学期高二年级假期学习效果诊断性测试题英语考生注意：1.本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。满分120分，考试时间60分钟。2.答题前，考生务必用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔将密封线内项目填写清楚。3.考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；非选择题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。4.本卷命题范围：高二上习题、寒假作业。第一部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AWALKFORGREENHowoftendoyouwalkaroundthecampusinsteadofgettingstraightontotheshuttlebus?Thebeautiesofourcampusdeservetobebetterexploredandcanbestbeexploredonfoot.Walkingisalsoagreenerandhealthieralternativetousingvehicles.Toencouragemorestudentsandstaffmemberstowalkaroundthecampus,ourschoolhaslaunchedanew"WalkforGreen"initiative.ProgrammeSettingoutfromtheMTRStation,"WalkforGreen"remendsvariouswalkingroutesoncampus,oneofwhichcoverstheYIABuilding,LSKBuildingandLWSBuilding.Cardreadersfordifferentwalkingrouteshavebeeninstalled(安装)torecordthenumberofpointspletedby"WalkforGreen"participants.Participantswhocollect60pointswithin30dayswillbeawardedthetitle"GreenWalker".ParticipationToparticipate,studentsandstaffmemberswouldchooseamarkedroute,andtaptheirschoolcardsatthecardreadersinstalledatboththestartandendpoints(andalsoatanintermediatecardreader).Name,student/staffID,department/unit,date,timeandcardreaderstappedwillberecorded.WalkingJourneyPointsImportantNotes:1.Walkersmustpleteonetrip(eitherupwardsordownwards)withinonehourtoscorepoints.2.Amaximumofsixpointswillbeawardedeachday.Everytimeyoutakeawalkoncampus,youarehelpingtopreserveourenvironmentandalsokeepingyourselfhealthy.Let'sstartfromtoday!1.Wheredoes"WalkforGreen"start?A.YIABuilding.   B.LSKBuilding.  C.LWSBuilding.   D.MTRStation.2.Whatareparticipantsrequiredtodo?A.Collectatleast6points.   Bpletearoundtrip.  C.Maintainafixedspeed.   D.Chooseapresetroute.3.HowmanypointsdoyougetbywalkingfromYIABuildingtoLWSBuilding?A.1.   B.2.   C.3.   D.6.BPh.D.theyears,asIdealtwiththepressureoffinishingmyPh.D.andstartingmypostdoctor,Ihadgrownmorepetitive.Ipushedmyselftobethefirsttogeneratethrillingresultsandtopublishinhighimpactjournals.Thosewhocouldhavebeencollaborators(合作者)becamerivalsIhated.ButtheeffectofthispetitivecharacterwasexactlytheoppositeofwhatIhadhopedfor.WhenIencounteredscientificproblems,IthoughtIhadtosolvethemmyselfinsteadofaskingforhelp.Thepressurebecameoverwhelming.Ibegantofeelaloneandlost.Ibecamelessandlessproductive.Iemailedmymentors(导师),explainingthatIhadputmyselfsecondandthejobfirstfortoolong.TheytoldmethatIwasn'tthefirstacademictofeelthatway,andthatIwouldn'tbethelast.TheyagreedthatIshouldtakethetimeIneededtotakecareofmyself.So,withmymentors'supportandanuncertainfuture,Ileft.Backhome,Ispenttimewithfamilyandfriendsandopenedupaboutmystruggles.Atfirst,Iwasashamed.ButthemoreItalkedaboutmydemons,themoreotherpeopletoldmeabouttheirown.Ialsostartedtoreceiveemailsfrommyworkmates.AfterafewlinesaskinghowIwas,manyexpressedworriesabouthowtheyweremanagingthestressofacademiclife.Vulnerable(脆弱的)researcherswerepokingtheirheadsoutoftheirshells.Ourrelationshipsdeepened.Ibegantofeellessalone.Threemonthslater,IwaspreparedtogobacktothesciencethatIloved,andInowhadafoundationtobemoreopenwithmycolleagues.Iunderstoodthatweallstrugglesometimes,andthatcollaborationcanbemorepowerfulthanpetition.Withabitoftime,collaborationhasreplacedpetition.Workingwithothersandseekinghelpdoesn'tweakenmyvalueorcontributions;itmeanswecanallwin.Inolongerfeellonelyandunhappy.4.Howdidtheauthorfeelafteradoptingapetitiveapproach?A.Empoweredandsuccessful. B.Overwhelmedandisolated. C.Motivatedandproductive. D.Ashamedandannoyed.5.Whydidthewritertakeabreak?A.Hewasalwaysthelast. B.Heneededsometimetoreadjust.C.Hegotserioushomesick. D.Hefailedtocareabouthimself.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrasemean?A.Tryingtobeopenwithothers. B.Startingtowalkoutregularly.C.Beingmoreconfidentinresearch. D.Tendingtobehappierthanever.7.Whichcanbethemostsuitabletitleforthepassage?A.Frompetitiontocooperation B.Fromselfishnesstoselflessness C.Fromproblemstosolutions D.FromuncertaintytocertaintyCAwatchedpotneverboils,buttimehaswingswhenyou'rehavingfun.Thefamiliarsayinghasabasisinsolidscience—oursenseoftimedoesexpandandcontractdependingonthewayweexperiencetheworld.Evendelicatevisualfeaturescanaffecthowweperceivetime.Newresearchshowsmorememorableimagesseemtolastlonger.MartinWiener,headoftheresearch,saysthefindinghelpsrevealhowthebrain'stimebendingstrategyallowsittoprocessandremembermoreinformation.Whilewhatisactuallyhappeninginthebrainwhentimeseemstoexpandremainsunclear,scientistssuspectitmayhavesomethingtodowithhelpingthebrainprocessmoreinformationinlimitedtime.Thisisespeciallyrelevantforthebrain'svisualsystemwhich,subjectedtoinformationoverload,hastorankinorderofimportance,allowingforlimitedresources.Recentresearchhasshownsomeimagesaremorenaturallymemorablethanothers.Tounderstandhowthismemorabilityofanimage,alongwithafewsimplervisualfeaturessuchasscenesizeanddisorder,mightrelatetooursubjectivesenseoftime,Wienerandhiscolleaguesconductedrelatedexperiments,inwhichsubjectswereshownimageswithvaryingdurationsandwereaskedtocategorizewhetherthelengthoftimeonthescreenwaseither"short"or"long".daytheyweregivenasurprisememorytesttoseewhichimagestheyrecalledseeing.Theresearchersfoundlargerscenesizesseemedendtimewhilemoredisorderlyscenesseemedtocontractit.Besides,thesubjectsperceivedmorememorableimagesremainedonthescreenlonger,eveniftheywereallpresentedforthesameamountoftime.Tofindtheunderlyingfactor,theteamfedthesamememorabilityrankedimagestoaneural(神经的)networkmodeledafterthebrain'svisualsystemandfoundmorememorableimageswereprocessedfaster.Theexplanationforwhyourbrain'sfasterprocessingwouldslowtimeisthatit'sincreasingtheamountofinformationitcantakeinatonce.Limitedresourcestoprocessinformationmayactasasortofbottleneck,whichthebraincanwidenwhenitneedstoabsorbmoreinformation,thusextendingtime.8.Whatdoesthesaying"Awatchedpotneverboils"describe?A.Theunnoticedpassageoftime. B.Thefeelingthattimehangsheavy.C.Thehardshipofpreparingcuisine. D.Theperceptionthattimeisconfusing.9.Howdoesthebrain'svisualsystemhandleinformation?A.Bysortingrandomly. B.Byparingsimilarscenes.C.Bysettingpriorities. D.Byscreeningoutpleximages.10.Whichoftheimagesseemstolastlongestifshownonthescreenforanequaldurationbasedonthestudy?11.Whatisthemainpurposeof?A.Tocontrastsayingswithscientificfindings.B.Toexplainvisualfeatures'effectonmemory.C.Todescribethebrain'sinformationprocessingintimeperception.D.Toexplorethelinkbetweenimagememorabilityandsubjectivetime.DTheRaceforAIDominanceChinesestartupDeepSeekhassentshockwavesthroughtheartificialintelligenceworldandcreatedaheadachefortheUnitedStates.ItsAIassistantovertookWesternrivalChatGPTonJanuary27tobeethetopU.S.edfreeapponApple'sAppStoreintheU.S.,deliveringatrillionU.S.larblowtoU.S.techfirmsonthestockmarket.DeepSeekclaimsthatittraineditsmodelsintwomonthsfor5.6millionandusingfewerchipsthantypicalAImodels.U.S.Seek'ssuccessintheU.S.hasbeenattributedtoitsaccessibility,costeffectivenessandperformance.However,StuartRussell,adistinguishedprofessorofU.S.rsciencetoldNewsweekit'sprobablytooearlytosayifDeepSeekisasgoodasthelatestsystemsfromU.S.firms.“ChatbotperformanceisaU.S.topic,”hesaid.“Iftheclaimsholdup,thiswouldbeanotherexampleofChinesedevelopersmanagingtoroughlyreplicateU.S.systemsafewmonthsaftertheirrelease.ThegeneraloutlinesofhowOpenAI's01workshavebeenknownforquiteawhile—evenbeforeitwasreleased—soit'snotallthatsurprisingthatitcanberoughlyreplicated.”U.S.U.S.ry21,DonaldTrumpannouncedStargate—a$500billioninvestmentinU.S.infrastructuretiedtoartificialintelligencebyanewpartnershipformedbyOpenAI,OracleandSoftBank.However,DeepSeek'ssuccesscouldundermineakeypillarofforeignpolicy—restrictingthesaleofU.S.U.S.ignedAIsemiconductorstoChina.WhoeverwinstheAIrace,Russellhasawarningfortheindustry.Hesaidtheraceforlargerdatacenters“hadalreadystartedtolookliketheracebetweentheU.S.andtheSovietUnioninthe1960stobuildandtestlargerandlargerbombs.”Inotherwords,Russell,said,itisaracetowardstheedgeofacliff.U.S.WhatisthemainreasonforDeepSeek'ssuccessintheU.S.accordingtothepassage?A.ItsadvancedtechnologyB.Itsaccessibility,costeffectiveness,andperformanceU.S.tspartnershipwithU.S.techfirmsD.ItslargeinvestmentinAIresearch13.HowdoesDeepSeek'sachievementchallengethecurrentperceptionofAIdevelopment?A.ItshowsthatAIcanbedevelopedwithoutexpensivehardware.B.ItprovesthatAIdevelopmentisonlypossiblewithlargeinvestments.C.ItindicatesthatAItechnologyisnotaccessibletosmallerpanies.D.ItsuggeststhatAIdevelopmentisnotinfluencedbymarketpetition.U.S.WhatdoesStuartRussellimplyaboutthereplicationofU.S.AIsystemsbyChinesedevelopers?A.ItisimpossibleduetotheplexityofAItechnology.U.S.tissurprisinggiventhesecrecyofU.S.AIsystems.U.S.tisexpectedsincethegeneraloutlinesofU.S.AIsystemsareknown.U.S.tisasignofthedeclineofU.S.technologicalleadership.15.WhatwarningdoesRussellgiveregardingtheraceforlargerdatacenters?A.Itisanecessarystepfortechnologicaladvancement.B.Itresemblesthearmsraceandcouldleadtodangerousoutes.C.Itwillbenefittheglobaleconomybycreatingmorejobs.D.Itisapetitionthatwillultimatelyleadtoworldpeace.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。TheSecrettoTakingGreatNotesTakinggoodnotesisakeypartofthelearningprocess.However,merelywritingdownwhatyouhearwordforwordisineffective.Herearesomeprovenstrategiestotransformyournotetaking.OneofthemostpopularandstructuredsystemsistheCornellMethod,developedforandwidelytaughtatCornellUniversity.

16

Thisphysicallayoutguidesyourthinkingprocess.Duringclass,takenotesinthemainsection.Afterclass,usethecuecolumn(提示栏)towritekeywordsorquestions.Finally,writeabriefsummaryoftheentirelessonatthebottomofthepage.Thismultistepprocessisscientificallyproventosignificantlyimprovelongtermmemoryretention.Forthosewhothinkinimagesandconnections,MindMappingisavisualwaytoorganizeinformation.Startwiththemaintopicinthecenteranddrawbranchesoutforkeysubtopics.

17

Youcanusecolors,symbols,andarrowstomakeconnections.Thismethodisespeciallybeneficialforvisuallearnersasitshowstherelationshipsbetweenconcepts,makingplextopicseasiertograsp.Regardlessofthemethodyouchoose,thecoreprincipleisactiveengagement.Don'tjustpassivelyrecordinformation.

18

Engagewiththematerialbyparaphrasingthespeaker'spoints.Thisforcesyoutoprocessandunderstandtheinformationonthespot.Ofcourse,thebestmethodistheonethatworksforyou.

19

YoumightusetheCornellMethodforhistorylectures,whicharedensewithfacts,butaMindMapforbrainstorminganessaytopic.Youmightevenbinedifferentelementsfromvariousmethodstocreateyourownpersonalizedsystem.

20

Reviewyournotesperiodicallywithin24hoursoftakingthem.Thisshort,spacedrepetitionisoneofthemostpowerfulwaystomoveinformationfromyourshorttermtoyourlongtermmemory,solidifyingyourlearningandmakingexampreparationmuchlessstressful.A.Then,addsmallerbranchesforspecificdetails.B.Therefore,itispopularamonguniversitystudents.C.Ultimately,itiscrucialtoreviewyournotesafterward.D.Experimentwithdifferenttechniquestofindyourfavorite.E.Thismeansyoucanparaphrasethecontentinyourownwords.F.Instead,focusonsummarizingthemainideainsimpleelegantwords.G.Itdividesyourpaperintoacuecolumn,anotessection,andasummaryarea.第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Theviralphrase“LoveYou,OldSelf”hassweptsocialmedia,praisedasthe“warmestmemeoftheyear”(“年度热梗”).Originatingfromarevisedgameline,“OldSelf”refersto“oneself”butsoundsmuchmore

21

inthethirdperson.Youngpeoplepracticeselfcarethroughthiscreativeexpression:writingapologyletterstotheir“OldSelf”,buyingfavoritegifts,or

22

smallwishesliketreatingthemselvestohotpot.Thesedowntoearthactions

23

abstractselfloveintoconcretepractices,makingit

24

anytime.Inthepast,youthchasedexternalapprovalandachievements.Today,theytendto“lookinward”.Facedwithanxietyandmental

25

,theyturnto“OldSelf”forfort.Thephraseavoidstheserioustoneof“Imustlovemyself”andconveyscare

26

.Itscharmliesinauthenticity(真实性)—it'snota

27

butreallifeslices,likecookingnoodlesforoneselfoncolddays.Pairedwith“seeyoutomorrow”,itcarriesapromiseofself

28

.Thistrendshowsyoungpeople'seffortsto

29

themselvesandrebuildinnerrelationships.Theynolongerthinkoverthosewhoignorethembut

30

theirownfeelings.Psychologically,it'saformofselfpassion(自我慈悲).Theytreatthemselveswiththesame

31

asaclosefriend—forgivingmistakesandembracingimperfection.Inapressuredworld,thisgentleselfcallhelps

32

emotionalwounds.Asnetizenssay,“Lovingyourselfletsyouloveothersandtheworld.”Thememeremindsusthatlife'slongest

33

iswithourselves.Bycaringfor"OldSelf",welivefreely,

34

ofunnecessaryinnerconflicts,andreadyto

35

life'sjoysandhardships.21.A.formal B.intimate C.distant D.funny22.A.fulfilling B.abandoning C.ignoring D.delaying23.A.divide B.turn C.mix D.separate24.A.accessible B.valuable C.plicated D.unique25.A.illness B.disorder C.tiredness D.conflict26.A.friendly B.gently C.seriously D.playfully27.A.performance B.movement C.petition D.cooperation28.A.support B.respect C.panionship D.trust29.A.reject B.accept C.doubt D.change30.A.criticize B.maximize C.minimize D.prioritize31.A.cruelty B.expectation C.pressure D.kindness32.A.heal B.deepen C.avoid D.forget33.A.distance B.struggle C.journey D.dream34.A.free B.tired C.afraid D.aware35.A.escape B.embrace C.quit D.regret第二节（共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个恰当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。CanadiansSteveandIvana

36

(enthusiastic)toldtheirvlogviewersthatwalkingdownaChinesecitystreetis"soimpressiveanddifferentthatit'shardtoknow