2026年高考英语终极冲刺：猜押专题10 阅读理解之议论文 （按话题分类）（解析版）

4/4猜押专题10阅读理解之议论文（按话题分类）本命题依据2026新课程标准与高考命题新要求，是高考阅读D篇压轴题型，命题完全源自外刊评论+社会思辨+价值探讨+学术观点，选自权威期刊、媒体评论、名家随笔等正规信息源。核心考论点论据+逻辑关系+态度判断，长难句密集，掌握论证结构与命题套路可突破压轴、稳拿高分。2023–2025年高考阅读理解议论文对比表年份试卷类型原文字数体裁主题语境话题2025全国高考一卷323议论文人与自我文章主要介绍了西方城市过度围绕汽车设计导致行人流动性下降，尤其是儿童步行减少的现象，并通过历史案例和现状分析呼吁反思街道功能，重视城市宜居性。2025全国高考二卷340说明文人与社会/2024新高考I卷354说明文人与自我/2024新高考II卷347说明文人与社会/2023新高考I卷339说明文人与自我/2023新高考II卷351说明文人与自然/一、高考阅读理解说明文总纲领核心定位：高考阅读D篇，压轴题、重逻辑、态度为王（8–10分钟/篇）。本质：论点+论据+论证，核心是作者立场与逻辑链条；目标是找准论点、理清论证、判断态度、理性选择。二、核心命题变化①体裁聚焦议论思辨类，以社会评论、观点辩驳、价值倡导、现象分析、文化思辨为主，对比论证、驳论文占比逐年提升；②强化逻辑论证能力（论点—论据—结论、因果、对比、假设、驳论），长难句最多，侧重对观点、态度、逻辑、意图的深层理解；③话题紧扣社会热点与价值思辨：网络生活、心理健康、教育理念、科技伦理、文化传承、消费观念等，思辨性极强；④解题从翻译理解转为抓论点+理逻辑+辨态度，强调对论证脉络与作者意图的把握；⑤题型以推理判断题（40%）+细节理解题（30%）+情感态度题（15%）+主旨大意题（10%）+词义猜测题（5%）为主，深度与精度并重。三、语篇核心特征结构逻辑（高考标准论证结构）①引论：提出话题/问题，亮出中心论点（或引出争议）；②本论：分层论证——正面论据+反面论据+对比/例证/因果/假设论证；③结论：重申论点、给出建议、升华主旨、发出呼吁。常见论证逻辑：提出问题—分析问题—解决问题、立论—驳论—结论。语言特点①逻辑性强，以议论、分析、辩驳、评述为主，态度鲜明、立场清晰；②句式复杂，多重复合句、倒装、强调、非谓语、插入语密集，长难句比例最高；③篇幅范围：380–410词，词汇正式、抽象词与逻辑词较多；④价值导向：理性思辨、批判思维、正向价值、人文关怀、社会责任，凸显核心素养。四、2026高频猜押话题科技思辨：AI伦理、数字沉迷、科技与人文社会现象：网红文化、碎片化阅读、公共理性教育成长：自主学习、挫折教育、个性发展价值观念：理性消费、文化自信、环保责任生活方式：身心健康、慢生活、社交边界五大题型专项突破细节理解题（定位论证细节）推理判断题（逻辑推导）作者情感态度题主旨大意/中心论点题论点论据匹配题五、通用解题逻辑①先速读首尾段+各段首句，锁定中心论点与作者立场；②圈画题干关键词（观点、态度、逻辑词、论据标志），回文定位；③识别论证信号词，理清论点与论据的支撑关系；④态度题抓褒贬词汇、评述语言，不混淆文中他人观点与作者观点；⑤排除偷换论点、论据错位、过度推理、绝对化、张冠李戴（他人观点当作者观点）干扰项。六、备考启示考场实用策略先找论点，再看论据先抓中心观点，再看例子、数据如何支撑，不本末倒置。分清“作者观点”与“引述观点”somepeoplebelieve/itissaidthat多为反方观点，非作者立场。紧抓逻辑连接词however/therefore/while/thus/onthecontrary决定逻辑走向。绝对词、极端词慎选only/never/all/absolutely/completely多为错误项。不主观站队答案必须源于原文逻辑，不加入个人价值判断。五大题型专项备考策略细节题：定位论证细节→比对原文→排除信息扭曲推理题：依论点→循逻辑→合理推断→不延伸、不脑补态度题：抓褒贬词→辨立场→排除中立/无关/极端主旨题：抓中心论点→概括“话题+作者立场”论据题：判断例子/数据目的→证明/反驳某一观点避坑策略不被长难句击溃：拆分主干，抓主谓宾+态度词不混淆他人与作者观点：明确立场归属，防张冠李戴不脱离论点读论据：所有例子都是为中心论点服务不忽略转折：but/however/yet后多为作者真实观点不以局部代整体：避免用分论点代替中心论点考点1：细节理解题做法步骤：圈关键词：论点名词、逻辑词、研究结论、作者表述回文定位：锁定论证细节所在原句精读原句：提取精准信息，注意范围、程度、立场比对选项：排除偷换概念、扭曲表述、信息错位确定答案：与原文完全一致的选项口诀：关键词定位，精读原句，细节比对，直选答案。考点2：推理判断题（逻辑推断）做法步骤：定位论点与逻辑链，抓因果/对比/假设关系识别逻辑词：therefore,thus,asaresult,however依逻辑推导：原因→结果，现象→本质，条件→结论坚守原则：基于论点，忠于原文，不绝对、不脑补排除过度推理、与论点矛盾、无依据选项口诀：循逻辑，依论点，合理推，不臆断。考点3：作者情感态度题做法步骤：圈画态度信号词：积极：supportive,favorable,optimistic,approving消极：critical,doubtful,opposed,pessimistic中立：objective,neutral,analytical区分作者观点与引述他人观点结合全文论证，判断最终立场排除无关态度、极端态度、中立错判口诀：找褒贬，辨立场，分你我，定态度。考点4：主旨大意/中心论点题做法步骤：全文主旨：看首段论点+尾段总结核心结构：话题+作者立场/观点排除只讲细节、分论点、范围过大/过小选项套用句型：Theauthorarguesthat.../Thepassagemainlydiscusses...口诀：看首尾，抓论点，话题加立场，主旨不跑偏。考点5：论点论据匹配题做法步骤：定位例子/数据/引言，向前找所证明的观点判断论证目的：support/oppose/illustrate/explain匹配论点与论据的对应关系排除偏离论点、功能错位选项口诀：找论据，看目的，证观点，必匹配。Passage1河北衡水中学2025-26届高三年级检测（七）Muchlikebeauty,artisintheeyeofthebeholder.Theartworkweareattractedtocangiveinsightintoourpersonality,suchaswhetherwearetooquickortooslow,calmormoody.Studiesintoartpreferencesdatebacktothe1930s—mostofthemexaminingtheextenttowhichpeoplelikeordislikedifferentpaintings.Researchshowsthataperson’sinterestinartismorestronglyrelatedtocertainpersonalitytraits(特征)thantosocialclass,age,orgender.Inparticular,apersonalitytraitcalled“openness”isthebestpredictorofwhetherindividualsareinterestedinart.Ontheotherside,thosewhoidentifyas“conscientious(一丝不苟的)”,areoftenlessdrawntothearts.ThesetraitsarepartoftheBigFive,awidelyacceptedpersonalitytheorybasedonnearlyacenturyofresearch.Themodelclaimsthateachpersonalityiscomposedofacombinationoffivecoretraits:openness,conscientiousness,extroversion,agreeablenessandneuroticism.Ratherthanstatingapersonasbeingeithershyoroutgoing,theBigFiveModelbelievesthateveryoneliessomewherebetweenthetwoextremes.Personalitytraitsmayalsoaffectthewaypeoplevisuallyscanart.A2018studytrackedparticipants’eyemovementsastheystudiedabstractartwork.Themajorityofparticipantsconcentratedontheupper-rightpart.Thismakessense,astherighthalfofthebrainisspecializedforvisualandspatialprocessing,andalsoplaysasignificantroleinprocessingtheemotionsthatartdrawsout.However,participantswhotendedtowardemotionalinstabilityfocusedontheleftsideofthepicture,andthosewithmentaldiseasepaidmoreattentiontothebottomofthepicture.However,currentresearchonpersonalityandartstillhasclearlimitations,remindingusthatpeople’spreferencesforartareascomplicatedasartitself.Butifyou’relookingforaquicktestofsomeone’sgeneralpersonalitytraits,itdoesn’thurttolookatwhat’shangingontheirwalls.12.Whatisthestrongestfactorindeterminingaperson’sinterestinart?A.Ageandgender. B.Personalitycharacteristics.C.Socialclass. D.Educationalbackground.13.WhatcanwelearnabouttheBigFiveModel?A.Itcanexplainwhyourarttastechanges.B.Itiswell-supportedbyartistsworldwide.C.Everyonecanfitintooneofthefivetypes.D.Itisauniversally-recognizedmeasuringmodel.14.Accordingtothepassage,apersonfocusingontheupper-rightpartofapaintingisprobably______.A.moody B.unconcerned C.perceptive D.warlike15.Whatisthebesttitleofthispassage?A.Howtodiscoveryourartpreference? B.Whyisartappealingtomanypeople?C.Howtorevealone’spersonalitytraits? D.Whatdoesyourtasteinartsayaboutyou?【答案】12.B13.D14.C15.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了艺术偏好与人格特质之间的关系，介绍了影响人们艺术兴趣的关键因素、人格特质对艺术视觉浏览方式的影响以及相关研究的局限性。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Researchshowsthataperson’sinterestinartismorestronglyrelatedtocertainpersonalitytraits(特征)thantosocialclass,age,orgender.(研究表明，一个人对艺术的兴趣与其某些个性特征的关系比与社会阶层、年龄或性别的关系更密切。)”可知，决定一个人对艺术兴趣的最强因素是个性特征。故选B项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“ThesetraitsarepartoftheBigFive,awidelyacceptedpersonalitytheorybasedonnearlyacenturyofresearch.(这些特征是“大五人格”的一部分，“大五人格”是一种被广泛接受的人格理论，基于近一个世纪的研究。)”可知，“大五人格”模型是一个被普遍认可的测量模型。故选D项。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Themajorityofparticipantsconcentratedontheupper-rightpart.Thismakessense,astherighthalfofthebrainisspecializedforvisualandspatialprocessing,andalsoplaysasignificantroleinprocessingtheemotionsthatartdrawsout.(大多数参与者集中在右上角。这是有道理的，因为大脑的右半球专门负责视觉和空间处理，也在处理艺术所引发的情感方面发挥着重要作用。)”可推知，关注右上部与右脑功能相关，右脑通常与感知力（perceptive）、情感处理相关。故选C项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段中的“Theartworkweareattractedtocangiveinsightintoourpersonality,suchaswhetherwearetooquickortooslow,calmormoody.(我们被吸引的艺术作品可以洞察我们的个性，比如我们是太快还是太慢，冷静还是情绪化。)”可知，文章开篇点明艺术偏好能反映人格，并且在文章最后一段最后一句“Butifyou’relookingforaquicktestofsomeone’sgeneralpersonalitytraits,itdoesn’thurttolookatwhat’shangingontheirwalls.(但如果你想快速了解某人的大致人格特质，看看他们墙上挂的东西也无妨。)”提到艺术偏好可作为人格测试的参考。可知，文章主要探讨了艺术偏好与个性特征之间的关系，指出我们被吸引的艺术作品可以洞察我们的个性，所以D项（你的艺术品味说明了你什么？）概括了艺术品味与人格的关系。是文章最佳标题。故选D项。Passage2吉林省松原市实验高级中学2025-2026学年高三下学期学情调研Rejectionhurts.Whetherinaprofessional,socialorromanticsetting,there’saparticularlysharppaintothediscoverythatonehasbeenjudgedundesirableinsomeway.Ifyou’veeverexperiencedrealrejection—andthat’dbemostofus—itmaystandoutinyourmindlong,likealargerockstuckinyourmemory.ThelatescientistHelenFisher,whostudiedhumanbehavior,showedthatrejectionandphysicalinjuryhavemuchincommon.ShesaidMRIscansofparticipants’brainsrevealedareaslinkedtosufferingandphysicalpainweremoreactive.TimedidreducethepainresponseforFisher’sparticipants,butforsomepeoplerejectioncanlastformonthsoryears.SocialpsychologistNaomiEisenbergerdidsimilarexperimentstoo.Whydoesrejectionhitsohard?Therealizationthatonehasbeensociallyexcludedbringsaboutasuddencoldfeeling,likebeingcastoutfromaPalaeolithiccampsiteandleftatthemercyofwildanimals.Tobecastoutfromthewarmthofthesharedfirecouldhavemeantdeathforourancientancestors—soitwassomethingtobeavoidedatallcosts.WhiletherejectedofmodernBritainwon’tusuallyhavetocontendwiththedangersthatsocialrejectsof30,000yearsagofaced,theurgetoseekshelterinthecompanyofothersisstrongandlasting.For21st-centurypeoplethough,shyingawayfromrejectionmaydomoreharmthangood.Infact,strongnegativeemotionalreactionstorejectionoftencausemoredamagethantherejectionitself.Tolivesatisfyinglivesandknowwhatweenjoyandaregoodat,wemustbepreparedtotrythings—andtofailatthem.Ifyoumakeavoidingrejectionyourpriority,you’llbecomemoreunwillingtotakerisks,withamuchnarrowersocialworld.Whatif,ratherthanhidingfromrejection,weattemptedtoacceptit?Whatifinsteadofbeingknockedbackbythewave,wetriedtorideit?Notonlyisitpossibletoovercomethefearofrejection,butdoingsocanbringaboutunexpectedpositiveresults.28.Howdoestheauthorpresenttheissueinthesecondparagraph?A.Bydefiningaconcept. B.Bycitingrelevantstudies.C.Bydoingexperiments. D.Bymakingacomparison.29.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“contendwith”inparagraph3mean?A.Avoid. B.Report. C.Handle. D.Question.30.Whateffectdoesthefearofrejectionhave?A.Spreadingnegativeemotionstoothers. B.Runningawayfromourcomfortzone.C.Restrictingoursocialcircleeventually. D.Rememberingthedamagealreadydone.31.Whatwilltheauthorcontinuetodiscuss?A.Thebenefitsofacceptingrejection. B.Thesignificanceofassessingfear.C.Theresultsofhumanbrainscans. D.Thechanceofencounteringrejection.【答案】28.B29.C30.C31.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇议论文。主要介绍被拒绝带来的心理影响、深层原因，以及逃避拒绝的危害，并提出应学会接受拒绝。【28题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中的“ThelatescientistHelenFisher,whostudiedhumanbehavior,showedthatrejectionandphysicalinjuryhavemuchincommon.(已故科学家海伦·费舍尔研究人类行为，发现被拒绝和身体受伤有很多共同之处。)”以及“SocialpsychologistNaomiEisenbergerdidsimilarexperimentstoo.(社会心理学家娜奥米·艾森伯格也做了类似的实验。)”可知，作者通过引用相关研究呈现问题。故选B项。【29题详解】词句猜测题。根据第三段中的“WhiletherejectedofmodernBritainwon’tusuallyhavetocontendwiththedangersthatsocialrejectsof30,000yearsagofaced,theurgetoseekshelterinthecompanyofothersisstrongandlasting.(虽然现代英国被拒绝的人通常不必contendwith三万年前被社会排斥者所面临的危险，但在他人陪伴中寻求庇护的渴望强烈而持久。)”可知，句子将现代人与远古祖先对比，远古被排斥者要面对生存危险，现代人无需面对、处理这类危险，由此可推知contendwith意为“应对、处理”。故选C项。【30题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Ifyoumakeavoidingrejectionyourpriority,you’llbecomemoreunwillingtotakerisks,withamuchnarrowersocialworld.(如果你把避免被拒绝当作首要任务，你会变得更不愿意冒险，社交圈子也会变得狭窄得多。)”可知，害怕被拒绝最终会限制我们的社交圈。故选C项。【31题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Notonlyisitpossibletoovercomethefearofrejection,butdoingsocanbringaboutunexpectedpositiveresults.(克服对被拒绝的恐惧不仅是可能的，而且这样做还能带来意想不到的积极结果。)”可知，作者指出克服被拒绝的恐惧不仅能实现，还能带来意想不到的积极结果，根据行文逻辑可推知，文章接下来最有可能继续讨论接受被拒绝所带来的具体好处。故选A项。Passage32026届江苏苏州市七校联考模拟预测Forgettingthingsisablessing,believeitornot.Forproof,imagineaworldwhereeverydetailyouevercameacrosswascarvedindeliblyinyourmind.Everyconversationyouregret,everyrejectionyou’veeverfelt,everytimeyousteppedoutwithyourzipperundonestandsasclearlyinyourmindaswhatyouhadforbreakfastlastweekaswellasthemomentsthatbringyouthegreatestjoy.Thatisaworldofutterchaosandsuffering.Wedon’tneedtosticktojustourarmchair-philosophizing,however.Thankstothewonderfulcombinatorymagicgeneticspullsoffateachbirth,we’vehadafewindividualsonEarthwhoareunabletoforgetanything.SolomonShereshevsky,forinstance,couldmemorizelistsofarbitrary(任意的)numbers,words,andnonsensesyllableswithperfectrecall,evendecadeslater.Atfirstglance,thissoundslikeasuperpower.ButShereshevskydescribeditasexhausting,distracting,andemotionallyunbearable.Whatmostmissaboutforgettingisthatitisnotadesignflaw(缺陷).It’safeature.Infact,theabilitytoforgetisfundamentaltolearning.It’swhatgivesusfocus,highlightsthesignalthroughthenoise,andletsthebraindeterminewhatmattersmostgiventhecontextwearein.Researchsuggeststhatforgettingisanactiveprocessinvolvingbrainregionslikethehippocampusandprefrontalcortex,whichhelpusmanagetheinflowandoutflowofinformation.Forgettingisnotourmemoryfailingonusasmuchasitisourmemorybeingbetterused.Andhereiswherewemeettheconceptoftheforgettingcurve(曲线).FirstdescribedbyHermannEbbinghausinthelate19thcentury,theforgettingcurvetrackshowquicklyweloseinformationovertimewithoutreinforcement(巩固).Withinhoursoflearningsomethingnew,webegintoforgetit.Rapidlyatfirst,thenmoreslowlyovertime.ThekeyinsightofthosewhohavefollowedEbbinghausisthatthiscurveisnotfixed.Onthecontrary,it’ssomethingwecanreshape,afeaturewecantuneourselves.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“indelibly”inthefirstparagraphmean?A.Permanently. B.Violently. C.Chaotically. D.Effortlessly.9.WhatdidShereshevskythinkofhisability?A.Adesignflaw. B.Arealblessing. C.Amentalburden. D.Araretalent.10.Howdoesforgettingcontributetolearning?A.Itpreventstheflowofinformation.B.Itpushespeopletoreviewregularly.C.Itactivatesbrainregionsresponsibleforlearning.D.Itallowsthebraintoprioritizeimportantinformation.11.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestreadersdointhelastparagraph?A.Keeplearningnewthings. B.Interveneintheforgettingprocess.C.Acceptforgettingasanaturalpartoflife. D.Exploreafixedpatternoftheforgettingcurve.【答案】8.A9.C10.D11.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇议论文，作者通过科学事实、案例分析和逻辑推理，论证了“遗忘是大脑的重要功能”这一观点，并鼓励读者正确看待遗忘现象并对其加以利用。【8题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Forgettingthingsisablessing,believeitornot.(别不信，遗忘事物其实是一种福气)”提到能够遗忘是一件幸事，划线词所在句子以及下文是提供支撑性证据，论证“遗忘是一件幸事”这一观点；结合下文“Everyconversationyouregret,everyrejectionyou’veeverfelt,everytimeyousteppedoutwithyourzipperundonestandsasclearlyinyourmindaswhatyouhadforbreakfastlastweekaswellasthemomentsthatbringyouthegreatestjoy.Thatisaworldofutterchaosandsuffering.(每一次让你懊悔的交谈，每一次你所经历的被拒绝的时刻，每一次你未系好拉链就出门的举动，都清晰地印刻在你的脑海中，就如同你上周早餐吃了什么一样，也包括那些给你带来最大快乐的时刻。那是一个充满混乱与痛苦的世界)”可知，此处是作者让读者想象一个所有遇到的细节都无法遗忘的世界、一切都永远被刻在脑海里的世界，那将是充满混乱和痛苦的世界。故划线词indelibly意思是“永久地”。故选A项。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Atfirstglance,thissoundslikeasuperpower.ButShereshevskydescribeditasexhausting,distracting,andemotionallyunbearable.(乍一看，这听起来像是某种超能力。但舍雷舍夫斯基却称其令人精疲力竭、分心不已，而且情绪上难以承受)”可知，谢雷舍夫斯基认为他的能力是一种精神负担。故选C项。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“It’swhatgivesusfocus,highlightsthesignalthroughthenoise,andletsthebraindeterminewhatmattersmostgiventhecontextwearein.(正是它让我们能够集中注意力，帮助我们从杂乱的信息中提取出关键信息，并让大脑根据我们所处的环境来确定哪些才是最重要的)”可知，遗忘能让大脑优先处理重要的信息。故选D项。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Onthecontrary,it’ssomethingwecanreshape,afeaturewecantuneourselves.(相反，这并非是无法改变的固定状态，而是我们能够加以调整、能够自行塑造的特性)”可知，作者建议读者参与遗忘过程。故选B项。Passage4山东名校联盟2026届高三下学期2月份核心素养评估考试Horrorfanshavebeenpaintedwiththesamebroadandbloodybrushfordecades:labelledascold,unfeelingthrill-seekerswhodelightinothers’suffering.FilmcriticshavedescribedthefansandcreatorsoffilmslikeFridaythe13thandSawas“verysickpeople”.ButIarguethattheseassumptionsareallwrong.Themisconceptionsabouthorrorfanswereseeminglysupportedbyevidencepresentedinananalysisfrom2007.Buttheanalysisisonlyasstrongasthestudiesitsummarizes.Inthiscase,theyhadpoorlydefinedvariables.Forexample,thetwostudieswiththestrongestassociationwithlowempathyexaminedparticipantenjoymentoftortureandshortclipsthatconcludedwithcruelmurdersandnosatisfactoryresolution.Thesemeasuresprobablywon’ttellyoumuchabouthorrorfans.Theauthorsoftheanalysisadmitteddeepinthediscussionsectionthatthelinkbetweenempathyandenjoymentofhorrordisappearedwhenthosestudieswereremoved.In2024,Ipublishedasetofstudiesthatdirectlyaddressedthequestionofhorrorfandomandempathy.Theresultswerestriking.Usingstandardisedassessments,horrorfansscoredhigheronempathyandcompassion.WhenmycolleaguesandIexaminedthemotivationsofhorrorfansatfrighteningattractions,wefoundthat“adrenalinejunkies”representonlyonesubset.Wealsofoundagroupwecalled“darkcopers”,whousehorrortoprocessdifficultemotions.Anothergroup,“whiteknucklers,”confrontfeartolearnaboutthemselves.Thethree-typemodelrevealsthatmanyfansaren’tjustmotivatedbyadrenaline(肾上腺素).Butthereisonecommontraitamongthem.Myresearchhasidentifiedmorbidcuriosity(猎奇)asthemostpowerfulpredictorofhorrorfandom.Itisthistendencytoseekoutinformationaboutthreateningordeath-relatedphenomenathatdrivesafascinationwithhorrormedia.Studiesshowthatpeoplewithhigherlevelsofthiscuriositydemonstratebetterpreparednessforrealcrisesandshowincreasedresilienceduringstressfullifeevents.Theevidencepaintsapictureofhorrorfansbeingempathetic,curiousandpsychologicallycomplicated.Horrorisaprooftohumanadaptabilityandourremarkablecapacitytofindmeaning,connectionandevengrowthinthefaceofourdeepestfears.8.Whatisaconventionalwisdomabouthorrorfans?A.Theylackempathy. B.Theytendtofallsick.C.Theydesirecomfort. D.Theyseekuniqueness.9.Whatisthelimitationofpreviousstudies?A.Theyignoretheessenceofhumanity.B.Thevariables’definitionisindefinite.C.Theyrelymuchonparticipants’feelings.D.Theincompletediscussionismisleading.10.Whyisthethree-typemodelmentionedinparagraph4?A.Tointroducetypesofhorrorfans.B.Toshowmotivationsofhorrorfans.C.Togroupfansbasedontheiremotions.D.Tocomparedifferentlevelsofcuriosity.11.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardshorrors?A.Hedoubtedthem. B.Hedismissedthem.C.Heapprovedofthem. D.Hebrushedthemaside.【答案】8.A9.B10.B11.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了恐怖片粉丝的刻板印象，指出他们并非冷漠无情，而是具有同理心和好奇心，并通过研究揭示了恐怖片粉丝的多样动机和心理复杂性。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Horrorfanshavebeenpaintedwiththesamebroadandbloodybrushfordecades:labelledascold,unfeelingthrill-seekerswhodelightinothers’suffering.(几十年来，恐怖片粉丝一直被用同样宽泛且血腥的笔触描绘：他们被贴上冷漠、无情的寻求刺激者的标签，以他人的痛苦为乐)”可知，传统观念认为恐怖片粉丝缺乏同理心。故选A项。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Themisconceptionsabouthorrorfanswereseeminglysupportedbyevidencepresentedinananalysisfrom2007.Buttheanalysisisonlyasstrongasthestudiesitsummarizes.Inthiscase,theyhadpoorlydefinedvariables.Forexample,thetwostudieswiththestrongestassociationwithlowempathyexaminedparticipantenjoymentoftortureandshortclipsthatconcludedwithcruelmurdersandnosatisfactoryresolution.Thesemeasuresprobablywon’ttellyoumuchabouthorrorfans.Theauthorsoftheanalysisadmitteddeepinthediscussionsectionthatthelinkbetweenempathyandenjoymentofhorrordisappearedwhenthosestudieswereremoved.(关于恐怖片爱好者的误解，看似得到了2007年一项分析研究的支持。然而，这类分析的可靠性完全取决于其所总结的具体研究质量。就此次分析而言，研究中变量的界定存在明显缺陷。例如，其中两项最能体现“低共情”关联性的研究，测量的是参与者对酷刑情节的接受度，以及观看以残忍谋杀收尾且毫无圆满结局的短片时的反应。这类测量指标恐怕难以真实反映恐怖片爱好者的特征。该分析报告的作者在讨论部分的末尾也承认，一旦剔除这两项研究，共情能力与恐怖片喜爱度之间的关联便不复存在)”可知，先前研究的局限性在于变量的界定存在明显缺陷，即变量的定义不明确。故选B项。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中“WhenmycolleaguesandIexaminedthemotivationsofhorrorfansatfrighteningattractions,wefoundthat“adrenalinejunkies”representonlyonesubset.Wealsofoundagroupwecalled“darkcopers”,whousehorrortoprocessdifficultemotions.Anothergroup,“whiteknucklers,”confrontfeartolearnaboutthemselves.Thethree-typemodelrevealsthatmanyfansaren’tjustmotivatedbyadrenaline(肾上腺素).(当我和同事们研究恐怖景点中恐怖片粉丝的动机时，我们发现“寻求刺激者”只是其中的一个子集。我们还发现了一群我们称之为“黑暗应对者”的人，他们利用恐怖来处理困难的情绪。另一群人，“硬着头皮面对者”，则通过面对恐惧来了解自己。这三种类型模式表明，许多粉丝的动机不仅仅是肾上腺素)”可知，第四段提到三种类型模式是为了展示恐怖片粉丝的不同动机。故选B项。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Theevidencepaintsapictureofhorrorfansbeingempathetic,curiousandpsychologicallycomplicated.Horrorisaprooftohumanadaptabilityandourremarkablecapacitytofindmeaning,connectionandevengrowthinthefaceofourdeepestfears.(这些证据描绘出恐怖片粉丝富有同理心、充满好奇心且心理复杂形象。恐怖证明了人类的适应能力，以及我们在面对最深的恐惧时寻找意义、联系甚至成长的不凡能力)”可知，作者对恐怖片持认可态度。故选C项。Passage52026届福建普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语模拟测试（六）下学期高三Theprivacyscreenisanaccessoryforphonesandlaptopsdesignedtosignificantlydarkenortotallyobscuretheirsurfacestowanderingeyes.Atatimewhenithasbecomenormaltoassumealevelofcomprehensivemonitoringinpublicplaces—notjustbysecuritycameras,butbyourfellowtravelers—thescreenprotectorshavebecomeacommonsight.Thiscreatesacentralcontradiction:Weareforkingovertonsofdataandpersonalinformationtotechcompanieseverytimewedownloadanapplicationorsearchonline.Yetsomehowthestuffwewanttokeepthepersonsittingnexttousfromseeing—ourmessagesorthealgorithm-drivencontentthatendsuponourfeeds—hasbecomeafocusofsomepeople’sprivacyconcerns.Isitperformative?Agraspforacomforting,yetfalse,senseofcontrol?Both?Psychologistsrefertothismismatchasthe“privacyparadox”.DennisStolle,theseniordirectorofAmericanPsychologyAssociation’sOfficeofAppliedPsychology.saidtheprivacyscreenwasanexampleofpeopleactingontheirvalueforprivacyinasituationwheretheyknowtheycanimmediatelyandperceptiblycontrolthespacearoundthem.“Youcanputthatprivacyscreenoveryourlaptoporyourphoneandfeelasenseofaccomplishment,”hesaid.“Eventhoughinthebigpicturethatmaybetheleastofyourworries,itstillissomehowpsychologicallysatisfyingtodosomethingtoprotectthevaluethatyouholdoftheimportanceofprivacyratherthandoingnothingatall.”Thescreenprotectorscanofferathinlayerofprivacy—buttheymaybeonlythat,athinlayer.“Ilikethesenseofsecurityitgivesme,butitdoesn’tcomparewithhowmypersonaldataisbeingusedonlinewithoutmypermission.It’salwayslikeagiveandtakewithprivacy,”saidMrPunater,a23-year-oldcomputersciencemajorattheUniversityofSouthernCalifornia.“Whatyouchoosetogiveuprightnowisoutofyourhands.”12.Whichcanreplacetheunderlinedword“obscure”inparagraph1?A.Hide. B.Update. C.Repair. D.Polish.13.Whichofthefollowingbestexplainsthe“privacyparadox”?A.Wewouldratherreadprivacypoliciesthanacceptpresets.B.Wetendtotrustinformationonlinebutrejectitinreality.C.Wekeepusingscreenprotectorsdespitetheirminimaleffect.D.Wetradepersonaldataforbenefitsdespitebeingprivacy-focused.14.What’sthebenefitofusingprivacyscreensaccordingtoStolle?A.Addressingconcernsaboutprivacyleaks.B.Improvingscreenvisibilityinbrightlight.C.Increasingworkefficiencyandproductivity.D.Givingasenseofpsychologicalsatisfaction.15WhatcanbeinferredfromPunater’swords?A.Ignoringonlinesecurityendangersprivacy.B.Screenprotectorsaretoothintobeeffective.C.Individualshavelittlecontrolovertheirdata.D.Peopleshouldactivelymanagetheirpersonaldata.【答案】12.A13.D14.D15.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了隐私屏虽能提供一定隐私保护，但存在“隐私悖论”，人们对隐私保护有复杂心理且对个人数据控制有限。【12题详解】词句猜测题。根据第一段“Theprivacyscreenisanaccessoryforphonesandlaptopsdesignedtosignificantlydarkenortotallyobscuretheirsurfacestowanderingeyes.(隐私屏是手机和笔记本电脑的一种配件，旨在显著调暗或完全obscure它们的表面，使其不被旁人窥视)”可知，这里说隐私屏能让手机和笔记本电脑表面不被旁人看到，“obscure”意思是“隐藏”，与“Hide”意思相近。故选A。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Weareforkingovertonsofdataandpersonalinformationtotechcompanieseverytimewedownloadanapplicationorsearchonline.Yetsomehowthestuffwewanttokeepthepersonsittingnexttousfromseeing—ourmessagesorthealgorithm-drivencontentthatendsuponourfeeds—hasbecomeafocusofsomepeople’sprivacyconcerns.(每次我们下载应用程序或在线搜索时，都会向科技公司提供大量数据和个人信息。然而，不知何故，我们想不让坐在旁边的人看到的东西——我们的信息或算法驱动的最终出现在我们动态中的内容——已经成为一些人隐私关注的焦点)”以及“Psychologistsrefertothismismatchasthe“privacyparadox”.(心理学家将这种不匹配称为“隐私悖论”)”可知，“隐私悖论”指的是尽管人们关注隐私，但还是为了利益而交换个人数据。故选D。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段““Youcanputthatprivacyscreenoveryourlaptoporyourphoneandfeelasenseofaccomplishment,”hesaid.“Eventhoughinthebigpicturethatmaybetheleastofyourworries,itstillissomehowpsychologicallysatisfyingtodosomethingtoprotectthevaluethatyouholdoftheimportanceofprivacyratherthandoingnothingatall.”(“你可以把隐私屏放在笔记本电脑或手机上，会有一种成就感，”他说。“尽管从大局来看，这可能是你最不用担心的事情，但做一些事情来保护你所重视的隐私价值，而不是什么都不做，这在心理上仍然是令人满足的。”)”可知，根据Stolle所说，使用隐私屏的好处是能给人一种心理上的满足感。故选D。15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段““Whatyouchoosetogiveuprightnowisoutofyourhands.”(“你现在选择放弃什么，不是你能决定的。”)”可推断，Punater的话表明个人对自己的数据几乎没有控制权。故选C。Passage62026届浙江省宁波市镇海区镇海中学高三首考模拟考试Whenmybeautifulfirstbornturnedone,about70peoplecametothepubtocelebrate.Thereweredrinks,meals,andsinging.Theywerecelebratingme.Butsincethen,hisbirthdayshavebecomeabouthimandhisfriendsandthequalityoftheeventhasgonedownhillquickly.Mykid’sdemandsofhisownpartieshavebecomelouder.Thedaysofacakewithasinglecandleinithavelonggone.Nowathememustbefollowed,hisinterestsreflected,hiswishesregardingtheguestlistheard.Andso,Idomybit:puttingoutsugarytreats,franticallycleaning,worryingnobodywillcome,gettingstressedwhentheydo.Whenthetimecomes,andhisfriendsarriveattheparty,thechaosbegins.Whatchancedothelittleoneshavetolearnsocialgraceswhentheirrolemodelsarestuckmakingawkwardconversationswithotherparentstheybarelyknowandshout“Oi!”mid-sentencetobreakupadisputeorgettheirkidsoutofatree?Inthesemoments,Idreamofapromisedland,wherethekidcanbedroppedoffatapartyandIcanspendthetimequietlymeditatingorscrollingmyphone.Ihavenotyetarrivedtherebutotherparentstellmeitexists,anditsoundslikeparadise.Despitemyinabilitytogracefullyhostabirthdayparty,thefactthatmykidhaslivedanotheryearisatriumph.Hegrows,hechanges,heasksquestions,hegoestoschool,hehaspartsofhislifethatIamnotapartof.It’sscaryanditshouldbecelebrated.Associetybecomesincreasinglyisolatedandscreen-focused,kids’partiescanbepartofthecure.Theybuildreal-worldrelationshipsandourkids’friendsattheseagescouldbepartofourlivesforever.Everyconnectionisaneworpotentialfriend.Whatcouldbemoresocialthancelebratinglife’smundanemilestones?Afterall,theworstpartofapartyisnotbeinginvited.4.Whydoestheauthordescribeherownparty-hostingefforts?A.Tointroduceasolutiontothepartychaos.B.Toconveyasenseofpersonalburdenandanx