高一英语上学期期末考试（解析版）

绝密★考试结束前

2025-2026学年高一上学期期末考试

英语

（考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分）

注意事项：

I.本试卷分第I卷（选择题）和第II卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准

考证号填写在答题卡上。

2.回答第I卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,

用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。

3.回答第n卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。

4.（测试范围：人教版必修第一册•第二册Unit3）

5.考试结束后.将本试卷和答题卡一并交向.

第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）

做题时，请先将答案标在试卷匕录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题

卡上。

第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完

每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。

I.Whydoesthewomanlovemusic?

A.Ilcheersherup.

B.Itremindsherofthepast.

C.Ittransportshertothefuture.

【答案】B

【原文】M;1lovemusic.WhenI'niIculingdown,acheerfulsungcanliftmyspirits.

W:Ilovehowsongsbringbackunforgettablemoments.It'sliketheytransportyoutoadifferenttime.

2.Whatdoesthemanhaveinhishome?

A.Asmartfridge.B.Smartlights.C.AsmartTV.

【答案】B

【原文】M:Wow!Ididn'tknowyouhadasmartfridge.

W:Technologymakeslifeeasier.1（remindsmewhenIhavetobuyvegetables.

M:AllIhaveinmyhousearcsmartlights,butI,mplanningtogetasmartTVsoon.

3.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?

A.Planhisday.B.Eatahealthierlunch.C.Writeashoppinglist.

【答案】A

【原文】M:It'salmostlunchtimealready!Ialwaysfeellikethereareiftenoughhoursintheday.

W:Maybeyouneedabetterschedule.Planningaheadalwayshelpsme.

M:Goodidea.Ishouldtrymakingadailyto-dolisi.

4.Whatarethespeakershappyabout?

A.Theirteamwonagame.

B.Girlsarewatchingmoresports.

C.Women'ssportsaredrawingattention.

【答案】C

【原文】M:Didyouwatchthewomen'sfootballgamelastnight?Itwasamazing.

W:Yes!It'sgreatthatwomen'sfboiballisfinallygettingnoticed.Thereshouldbemorepraiseforthem.

M:You'reright.Ihopemoreyounggirlsfeelinspiredtoplayfootball.

5.WhatisthemainreasonKimrefusestogoskiing?

A.Shegothurt.B.Shehastostudy.C.Shedislikesskiing.

【答案】A

【原文】M:Hey,Kim.Wearegoingskiingthisweekend.Wouldyouliketojoinus?

W:I'mafraidIcan't.Ineedtoprepareformymathtest.Butmoreimportantly,Iaccidentallyfelldov/nlastweek.

Mylegstillhurts.

第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选

项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟：听完后，

各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听下面一段对话，回答以下小题,

6.Whydoesthewomanlikeyellow?

A.Ilgivesherawarmfeeling.

B.Itremindsherofnature.

C.Itmakesherfeelcalm.

7.Whatwillthespeakersdointheafternoon?

试卷第2页，共25页

A.Paintthetabic.

B.Goshopping.

C.Decoratethebedroom.

【答案】6.A7.B

［原文］M:I'mthinkingofpaintingourbedroomblue.Ifinditacalmingcolor.Itremindsmeofthesea.

W:That'sagoodchoice.ButI'dpreferyellowbecauseitmakesmefeelwarm,likebeinghuggedbythesunshine.

M:Whataboutgreen?Itrepresentsbalanceandnature,andit'llgowellwiththistable.

W:True,butnothingtoodark.Itmightbetoostrongforthebedroom.

M:Let'sgototheDIYstorethisafternoonandhavealookatwhatcolorstheyhave.

W:Okay.

听下面一段对话，回答以下小题,

8.HowwillJadegototheairport?

A.Bygettingaridefromherfather.

B.Bydrivingherself.

C.Bysharingaride.

9.Whatistheman'sattitudetowardJade'sdecision?

A.Supportive.B.Uncertain.C.Disagreeable.

【答案】8.C9.B

【原文】M:Hey,Jade,doyouneedalifttotheairport?

W:No,I'mOK.Dad.Tvebookedaridethroughacar-sharingapp.

M:What'sthat?Isitlikeataxi?

W:Sortof,butitmeansthecarcantakeseveralpeoplegoingtothesamedestination.Itmakestravelcheaper.

M:That'sgood,butPmnotsureI'dliketheideaofsharingataxiwithastranger,soarcyoucertainaboutthis?

W:That'swhyreviewsareimportant.Don'tworry,Dad!Strangersarejustfriendsyouhaven'tmetyet.

听下面一段对话，回答以下小题,

10.Wherearethespeakersprobably?

A.InEngland.B.InGermany.C.InChina.

11.Whatdoes(hewomanfinddifficult?

A.Communicatingwithothergroups.

B.Understandingforeignculture.

C.Goingoverseasonbusiness.

12.WhatdoesthemanwantJessicatodo?

A.Handinthereportontime.

B.Rearrangeameeting.

C.Addmoreviews.

13.WhenwillJessicaemailthereporttotheman?

A.At2:00p.m.B.At4:00p.m.C.At6:00p.m.

【答案】10.A11.A12.C13.C

【原文】M:Jessica,doyouhaveaminute?

W:Sure.Isitaboutthelatestprojectreport?

M:Yes.Yourworkonthatwasverygood,butitfocusedoniheU.K.culture.Ourofficehasemployeesfrom

overseas,andwellopentwonewofficesinGermanyandChinasoon.

W:Sorry」shouldhavesurveyedouremployeesfortheirviews.

M:Wasitduetonotenoughtime?

W:No,Ijustfindithardtotalkwithdifferentgroups.

M:True,butlearningfromothers'viewsisvaluable.Andpleasebelieveinyourself—youwilldogreat!Could

youreviseitandemailittomeby4:00p.m.?

W:ButIhaveanimportantmeetingthisafternoon.CouldIsendittwohourslater?

M:0K.

听下面一段对话，回答以下小题,

14.WhyisMarkreadingthebook?

A.Hewantstobeamentalhealthexpert.

B.Hisfamilyrecommendedittohim.

C.Hehasmentalhealthproblems.

15.WhatdoesMarkthinkmentalhealthneedsmost?

A.Moreexercise.

B.Moreprofessionalbooks.

C.Moretruthfuldiscussions.

试卷第4页，共25页

16.Whatdothespeakersagreeonaboutmentalhealth?

A.Itmattersmorethanphysicalhealth.

B.Peopleshouldtakeitseriously.

C.Mostpeopleseeitasnormal

17.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

A.Teacherandstudent.

B.Parentandchild.

C.Co-workers.

【答案】14.B15.C16.B17.C

【原文】W:Hey,Mark.Whatareyoureading?

M:It'sabookallaboutmentalhealth.Mydaughterrecommendedit.Shewroteaschoolbookreportonitlast

week.Afterreading,Ithink(hebiggestchangeweneedtomakeistostarthavingopenandhonestconversations

aboutit.

W:Yes.Mentalhealthisjustasimportantasphysicalhealth,yetmanypeoplestillignoreit.It'ssomethingwe

shouldallpayattentionto.

M:You'reright.Ifmorepeopleunderstandthatmentalhealthisancrmalpartoflife,theymightfeelmore

comfortabletalkingaboutitandmightseekprofessionalhelp.

W:Exactly.Isometimesfeelburnedoutduetowork-relatedstress.ButInevershareitwithanyone.

M:Thal'sterrible.Takingshortbreaksordoingsomesimpleexercisecouldhelp.Mostimportantly,Ithink

companiesshouldoffersupportservicestoallowemployeestodiscusstheirmentalproblemsandaskforhelp.

W:I'lltalkaboutittothemanagerlater.It'sexcitingtoseehowthechangewillinfluenceourworkintheftiture.

听下面一段独白，回答以下小题,

18.Whenwillthelistenersgraduate?

A.Inaboutoneweek.

B.Inaboutonemonth.

C.Inaboutfourmonths.

19.Howdoescontinuouslearningbenefitpeopleaccordingtothespeaker?

A.Itkeepspeople'sbrainssharp.

B.Ithelpspeoplemakenewfriends.

C.Itmakespeopleunderstandeachother.

20.Whatisthespeakermainlytalkingabout?

A.Schooleducationsystem.

B.Companyvaluetraining.

C.Lifelonglearning.

【答案】18.B19.A20.C

【原文】

Hello,class.Infourweeks,youaregoingtograduate,butIwanttotalktoyouabouteducation.Education

doesn'tstopwhenyouleaveschool,andIdon'tjustmeanfurthereducationatuniversityorcollege.I'mtalking

aboutlifelonglearning.

Whetherit'spickingupanewskill,masteringdeeperknowledge,orexploringnewsubjects,continuous

learningnotonlymakesourlivescolorful,butalsokeepsourbrainsactive.Learningaboutnewcultures,history,

andtechnologydeepensourunderstandingof（heworld.

Learningcanhappenanywhere,notjustinclassrooms.Youcanlearnthroughonlinecourses,readingbooks,

ortalkingtopeople.Learningdoesn'thavetobeformal;itcanbepartofyourdailylife.

Also,keepingonimprovingyourskillswillenableyoutofitinatworksoonerandmakequickerprogress.

Employerswillvalueworkerswhoarcwillingtoadaptanddevelop:hcirskills.

Soremember,it'snevertoolatetolearnsomethingnew.Everystepcounts.

第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

LookatthemapofSpainandpointatthecenter.You'velocatedthecountry'scapitalandoneofEurope's

mostbeautifulcities:Madrid.Thispopulardestinationisconsideredacityofcontrastswithitsabundanthistoric

sites,restingintheshadowsofmodernskyscrapers,

History

Thiscityofover3millionpeopleisproudofWesternEurope'slargestroyalpalace,andsomeconsideritto

beMadrid'smostbeautifulbuilding.

InsidetheRoyalPalace2,800roomsarcdecoratedinglorywithmuseum-qualityfurnitureandartworks.Tourists

cantour50oftheselargeandsplendidrooms.

试卷第6页，共25页

Art

TheInternationallyrespectedPradoMuseumisthelargestandmostimpressiveartgalleryinSpain.Opened

in1819,itisfilledwithworksofanthatfeaturetheworld'smostcomprehensivecollectionofSpanishpaintings.

Shopping

MadridhassonicofEurope'sbestshopping,andpotentialbuyerslovetolookthroughthestoreslookingfor

bargains.Butfor500years,shoppershavegatheredtoanextremelylargeoutdoorfleamarketknownasthe

RastrowhereiheyfindnearlyeverythingfromantiquesioCDs.

Entertainment

NotriptoMadridiscompletewithoutseeingaperformanceofSpain'sfamousartform,flamenco.Everyday,

flamencoperformerssing,danceorplaytheguitarinsmallcafesandgrandtheatersalike.

Food

Madridhasawidevarietyofrestaurants,butbecausetheSpanishtypicallycatlateatabout9or1()p.m.,it's

difllcultcofindgooddinnerfoodearlier.Ifyougethungrybefore(hen,thebestsolutionistotryatapasbarwhere

lightsnacksareserved.Besuretotrythejamon,akindofdry-curedham.Spainisfamousforit.

21.WhatdoweknowabouttheRoyalPalaceinMadrid?

A.Ithas50roomsfbrvisit.

B.Itcanhold2,800people.

C.It'sbeenvisitedby3millionpeople.

D.ItisthoughttobethelargestinEurope.

22.WhatisamustwhentravellinginMadrid?

A.Havingdinnerearlier.B.Enjoyingflamenco.

C.VisitingPradoMuseum.D.Drinkinginabar.

23.Whatdoestheunderlinedword''tapas“inthelastparagraphprobablymean?

A.Itmeanssomethingthatpeopleeatafterdinner.

B.Itmeanssomesmallplatesoffoodbeforeamainmeal.

C.ItisatraditionalfoodinSpain.

D.Itisfoodthathelpspeopledigestbetter.

【答案】21.A22.B23.B

【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍西班牙首都马德里，这座兼具历史底蕴与现代气息的坂巾，涵盖其

历史建筑、艺术、购物、娱乐及美食等特色。

21.细节理解题。根据History部分中的“InsidetheRoyalPalace2,800roomsaredecoratedinglorywith

museum-qualityfurnitureandartworks.Touristscantour50oftheselargeandsplendidrooms.（这座皇家宫殿内

有2800间房间，均以博物馆级另!的家具和艺术品装饰得富丽堂皇。游客可以参观其中50间宽敞华丽的房

间,）“可知，马德里的皇家宫殿有50间房间可供游客参观。故选A项。

22.细节理解题。根据Entertainment部分中的“NotriptoMadridiscompletewithoutseeingaperformanceof

Spain'sfamousartform,flamenco.（如果没有欣赏过西班牙著名的艺术形式弗拉门戈的表演，那么马德里之

旅就是不完整的。户可知，游览马德里时，欣赏弗拉门戈表演是一件必做的事。故选B项。

23.词句猜测题。根据Food部分中的“becausetheSpanishtypicallyeatlateatabout9or10p.m.,ii'sdifficultto

findgooddinnerfoodearlier.Ifyougethungrybeforethen,thebestsolutionistotryatapasbarwherelight

snacksareserved.（因为西班牙人通常在晚上9点或10点左右吃得很晚，所以很难找到好的晚餐食物。如果

你在那之前饿了，最好的解决办法是去一家也喀店，那里会提供清淡的小食。户可知，tapas指的是正餐

前供应的小份开胃食物。故选B项。

B

TomostScots,thename“ErieLiddell“needsnointroduction.Hisstoryhasbecomepartofnationallegend.

Atthe1924ParisOlympics,Liddellwongoldinthemen's400meters,settinganewOlympicandworldrecord.

Accntuiylater,heremainsoneofScotland'smostadmiredsportsfigures.

AftertheParisOlympics,Liddellmadeachoicethatagainsurprisedmany.HereturnedtoTianjin,the

northernChinesecity.HewasbornthereandspenthisearlyyearsbeforereturningtoBritain.InTianjin,he（aught

atacollegeandhelpeddesignandpromotetheMinyuanStadium.ModeledafterLondon'sStamfordBridge,the

stadiumbecameoneofAsia*smostadvancedsportingvenuesofitstime.

WhenJapanlaunchedafull-scaleinvasionofChinain1937,Liddellchosenottoleave.Instead,hemoved

toHebeiProvince,wherehetaughtvillagers.By1941,asconflictbecametense,hemadethepainfuldecisionto

sendhispregnantwifeandtheirtwoyoungdaughterstosafetyinCanada,whilehestayedbehind.Hehadsecretly

transportedmoneybyhidingitinsideahollowed-outbread.Thissimplebuteffectivetrickenabledhimtodeliver

vitalfundstoChinesefamiliesinhardship.

In1943,Liddellwasinterned（长期羁押）byJapaneseforcesinWcihsicn（nowWeifangcityinShandong

Province）alongwithnearly2,000etherWesterncivilians.There,hebecameaffectionatelyknownas“UncleEric”.

Hetaughtscienceusingscrapsofpaper,organizedgames,andrepairedsportsequipment—evenfixedhockey

sticksforthechildren.Hehelpedtheelderly,sharedhisfood,andevengaveawayhisprizedrunningshoesto

thoseingreaterneed.

试卷第8页，共25页

Tragically,hediedofabraintumorin1945attheageof43,justmonthsbeforethecampwasfreed.In

1988,amemorialwasunveiled（揭幕）athisgraveinWeifangwiththewords:"Theyshallmountupwithwings

aseagles;theyshallrunandnotbeweary（疲倦的）

24.Whatcanbelearnedfromparagraph2?

A.EricLiddellwasborninBritainandgrewupinTianjin.

B.EricLiddelldesignedtheMinyuanStadiumbyhimself.

C.EricLiddellrciurncdioTianjinafterthe1924ParisOlympics.

D.TheMinyuanStadiumwas（hemostadvancedvenueinAsia.

25.WhywerehisfamilysenttoCanada?

A.ToavoidtheconflictinChina.B.TobettersupportChinesefamilies.

C.TofindabetterjobinCanada.D.TohaveafamilyreunionlaterinCanada.

26.WhichcanbestdescribeEricLiddell?

A.Humbleandhumorous.B.Responsibleandcourageous.

C.Hardworkingandhonest.D.Loyalandclever.

27.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?

A.EricLiddell:TheManWhoChangedChineseSports

B.TheLegendofthe1924ParisOlympicsGoldMedalist

C.FlyingScotsman:FromOlympicLegendtoWartimeHero

D.AMemorialtoEricLiddellinWeifang,China

【答案】24.C25.A26.B27.C

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了苏格兰奥运冠军EricLiddell在中国的一段鲜为人知的经历。

24.细节理解题。根据第二段“ARertheParisOlympics,Liddellnadeachoicethatagainsuiprisedmany.He

returnedtoTianjin,thenorthernChinesecity.（巴黎奥运会后，利德尔做出了•个再次让许多人惊讶的选择。

他回到了中国北方城市天津。）“可知，埃里克・利德尔在1924年巴黎奥运会后回到了天津。故选C项。

25.细节理解题。根据第三段“WhenJapanlaunchedafull-scaleinvasionofChinain1937,Liddellchosenotto

leave.Instead,hemovedtoHebeiProvince,wherehetaughtvillagers.By1941,asconflictbecametense,he

madethepainfuldecisiontosendhispregnantwifeandtheir（woyoungdaughterstosafetyinCanada,whilehe

stayedbehind.（1937年日本全面侵华时,利德尔选择留下,转而前往河北教村民。1941年战事愈演愈烈,

他被迫将怀孕的妻了•和两个年幼的女儿送往加拿大避难，自己则坚守阵地）“可知，他送家人去加拿大是为

了避免战事。故选A项。

26.推理判断题。根据第二段“AftertheParisOlympics,Liddellmadeachoicethatagainsurprisedmany.He

returnedtoTianjin,thenorthernChinesecity.（巴黎奥运会后，利德尔做出了一个再次让许多人惊讶的选择。

他回到了中国北方城市天津。户可知，埃里克・利德尔在获得奥运金牌后选择回到中国，这显示了他的责任

感；再根据第三段"WhenJapanlaunchedafull-scaleinvasionofChinain1937,Liddellchosenottoleave.

Instead,hemovedtoHebeiProvince,wherehetaughtvillagers.By1941,asconflictbecametense,hemadethe

painfuldecisiontosendhispregnantwifeand（heiriwoyoungdaughterstosafetyinCanada,whileh?stayed

behind.（1937年日本全面侵华时，利德尔选择留下，转而前往河北教村民。1941年战事愈演愈烈，他被迫

将怀孕的妻子和两个年幼的女儿送往加拿大避难，自己则坚守阵地）”可知，在日本侵华时，他选择留下来

教村民，这体现了他的勇敢。因此，埃里克・利德尔是一一个负责任且勇敢的人。故选B项。

27.主旨大意题。根据第一段“Atthe1924ParisOlympics,Liddellwongoldinthemen's400meters,settinga

newOlympicandworldrecord.Acenturylater,heremainsoneofScotland'smostadmiredsportsfigures.（在

1924年巴黎奥运会上，利德尔在男子400米比赛中获得金牌，创造了新的奥运会和世界纪录。一个世纪后，

他仍然是苏格兰最受尊敬的体育人物之一。）''以及后文对他战时在中国的事迹的描述可知，文章主要讲述

了埃里克・利德尔从奥运传奇到战时英雄的传奇人生。因此，C项“苏格兰飞人：从奥运传奇到战时英雄''最

符合文章主旨，适合作标题。故选C项。

C

HongKongWangFukCourtFire:ATragedyandLessons

OntheafternoonofNovember26,2025,afiercefirebrokeoutinWangFukCourtinTaiPo,New

Territories,HongKong.Thefiresoonspreadrapidly,anditcookfirefightershourstobringitundercontrol.

Unfortunately,theHongKongFireServicesDepartmentannouncedthenextdaythatthedisasterhadcaused55

deaths,makingitoneofthemostseriousfiresinHongKonginrecentyears.

Preliminaryinvestigationsshowedthatthefirewascausedbyillegallypileddebrisandflammablebamboo

scaffoldingoutsidethebuildings.Whatmadethesituationworsewasthestrongeasterlywindof7metersper

second.Thebambooscaffoldingandnylonprotectivenetsontheouterwallsburnedquickly,actinglikevertical

chimneys（烟囱）.Ductothe"chimneyeffect^,thefirerushedfromthe3rdfloortothetopfloorinjust15minutes.

High-risebuildingstructuressuchasstairwellsandelevatorshaftsaccelerated（hespreadofhigh-temperalure

toxicsmoke,whichspreadataspeedof3-5meterspersecondandcouldcovera30-storeybuildingin30seconds.

Afterthefire,theHongKongSpecialAdministrativeRegiongovernmenttookquickaction.Chief

ExecutiveJohnLeeKa-chiuorderedcomprehensivefiresafetyinspectionsofallpublichousingestatesacrossthe

region.TheIndependentCommissionAgainstCorruptionlaunchedaninvestigationintopossibleconuption（贪污）

试卷第10页，共25页

inthebuildingrenovationcontractsrelatedtothefireandmadeseveralarrests.Meanwhile,localcommunities

begantocarryoutfiresafetytraining,teachingresidentsfireescapeskillssuchas"runquicklyinsmallfiresand

closedoorsinbigfires”.

HongKonghasalargenumberofoldbuildings.Statisticsshowthattherearcasmanyas40,00()buildings

over3()yearsoldandmorechan10.000buildingsover50yearsold：nHongKong.Thisfirehassoundedanalarm

forthewholesociety.Itremindsusthatstrengtheningthefiresafetytransformationofoldbuildingsand

improvingpeople'sawarenessoffirerisksareurgenttasksfbrurbansafety.

28.WhatcanwelearnaboutthefireatWangFukCourtfromthefirstparagraph?

A.ItbrokeoutonthemorningofNovember26,2025.

B.Itwasbroughtundercontrolwithinafewminutes.

C.Itresultedin55deathsaccordingtotheofficialreport.

D.IthasbeenprovedtobethemostseriousfireinIlongKong'shistory.

29.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“chimneyeffect"meaninParagraph2?

A.Thephenomenon(现象)thatsmokespreadsslowlyinclosedspaces.

B.Thephenomenonthatairflowsupwardalongverticalspacesandspeedupsmokespread.

C.Theeffect(hatfirecanbepuloutquicklybyusingchimney-likestructure.

D.Thesituationthatchimneysinbuildingscatchfireeasily.

30.WhatmeasuresweretakenaftertheWangFukCourtfire?

A.Thegovernmentorderedafullfiresafetyinspectionofallprivateresidences

B.Thelocalgovernmentbegantoinvestigaterelevantcorruptioncases

C.Localcommunitiesstartedtocollectmoneyfbrthepeoplewhogothurtinthefire

D.Thegovernmentrequiredresidentstoreplacethenylonprotectivenetsoftheirbuildings

31.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardsthefiresafetysituationofoldbuildingsinHongKong?

A.Optimistic.B.Indifferent.C.Concerned.D.Doubtful.

【答案】28.C29.B30.B31.C

【导语】bnnnnnnrt

'这是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了2025年11月26日香港新界大埔宏福苑发生的重大火灾事件。

28.细节理解题。根据第一段“OntheafternoonofNovember26,2025,afiercefirebrokeoutinWangFukCourt

inTaiPo,NewTerrilories,HongKong(2025年11月26Fl下午，香港新界大埔宏福苑发生猛烈火灾)”以及

t4Unfortunately,theHongKongFireServicesDepartmentannouncedthenextdaythatthedisasterhadcaused55

deaths,makingitoneofthemostseriousfiresinHongKonginrecentyears（不幸的是，香港消防处次日宣布,

这场灾难造成55人死亡，是香港近年最严重的火灾之一）”可知，火灾发生在下午而非上午，消防员花费数

小时才控制火势，且这场火灾只是近年最严重之一而非香港历史上最严重。选项C”根据官方报告，火灾造

成55人死亡”与原文一致。故选C。

29.词句猜测题。根据第二段“Thebambooscaffoldingandnylonprotectivenetsontheouterwallsburned

quickly,actinglikeverticalchimneys（烟|囱）.Due（othe"chimneyeffect^,thefirerushedfromthe3rdfloortothe

topfloorinjust15minutes.High-risebuildingstructuressuchasstairwellsandelevatorshaftsacceleratedthe

spreadofhigh-temperaluretoxicsmoke（外墙的竹制脚手架和尼龙防护网迅速燃烧，起到了垂直.烟囱的作用。

在“烟囱效应''的作用下,火势仅用15分钟就从3楼窜至顶楼。楼梯井、电梯井等高层建筑结构加速了高温

有毒烟雾的扩散）”可知，“烟囱效应”指的是空气沿垂直空间向上流动并加速烟雾扩散的现象。故选B。

30.细节理解题。根据第三段“TheIndependentCommissionAgainstCorruptionlaunchedaninvestigationinto

possiblecorruption（贪污）inthebuildingrenovationcontractsrelatedtothefireandmadeseveralarrests（杳港廉

政公署对与火灾相关的建筑翻新合同中可能存在的贪污行为展开调查，并拘捕了数人）“可知，相关部门针

对火灾涉及的腐败案件开展了调查。故选B。

31.推理判断题。根据最后一段"HongKonghasalargenumberofoldbuildings（香港有大量老旧建筑）”和“This

firehassoundedanalarmforthewholesociety.Itremindsusthatstrengtheningthefiresafetytransformationof

olebuildingsandimprovingpeople'sawarenessoffirerisksareurgenttasksfbrurbansafety（这场火灾为全社会

敲响了警钟。它提醒我们，加强老旧建筑消防安全改造、提升民众火灾风险意识是城市安全的紧迫任务）”

可知，作者对香港老旧建筑的消防安全状况充满担忧。故选C。

D

Rareearthmetals,criticalformoderntechnologiesfromelectronicstorenewableenergydevices,havelong

posedachallengeforscientists:theirsimilarchemicalpropertiesmakeseparationextremelydifficult.

Conventionalmethodsrelyonmassiveamountsofacidicsolutionsandrepeatedextraction—often10,000cycles

toproducepureelements,generatingtoxicwasteandconsumingenormoustimeandenergy.Now,researchers

altheUniversityofPennsylvaniahavedevelopedarevolutionaryapproachthatcouldchangethis.

AsdetailedintheirstudypublishedinAngewandteChemieInternationalEdition,theteamcombined

magneticfieldswithcontrolledcoolingtoseparaterareearthmixtures.Thisprocessexploitsthevarying

paramagnetismofdifferentrareearthmetals—theirdifferingdegreesofattractiontomagneticfields—tomake

themcrystallizeatdistinctrates.Theresultisamethodthatavoidsacidicsolutionsentirely,addressingthe

environmentalharmoftraditionalextraction.

试卷第12页，共25页

Thetechnology'sefficiencyisstriking.Inonekeyexperiment,theresearchersextracteddysprosiumwith

99.7%purityinasinglestepfroma50/50mixtureoflanthanumanddysprosium.Thisrepresentsa100%

improvementcomparedtothesamecoolingprocesswithoutmagneticassistance,theteamnoted.Beyond

dysprosium,theapproachsuccessfullyseparatesheavyrareearthsliketerbiumandytterbiumfromlighterones

suchaslanthanumandneodymium—anessentialdistinctionforhigh-techmanufacturing.

EricSchelter,thestudy'sprincipalinvestigator,criticizedtraditionalseparationas“poorlyefficientineach

incividualstep,*'evenwhenscaledup."Ourpositionistoaddressnicheapplicationsusinganapproachthatcan

complementexistingtechnology,heexplained.ForleadauthorRobertHiggins,theinnovationcarriesbroader

significance:"Thefasterwedevelopefficientseparationmethods,thequickerwecaneasegeepolitiealand

climateissuestiedtorareearthminingandrccycling.,,

Theteamhopestheirworkwilltransformrareearthseparationfromalargelyunpredictable“magic”intoa

controllable,cost-effectiveprocess.Withglobaldemandforrareearthssoaringandenvironmentalconcerns

mounting,thismagneticcoolingtechniqueoffersapromisingpathtowardgreenerandmorereliableproduction.

32.Whatisthemainproblemwithconventionalrareearthseparationmethods?

A.Theyrequireextremelyhightemperatures.

B.Theycannotproducepurerareearthmetals.

C.Theyarenotsuitableforlarge-scaleproduction.

D.Theyareenvironmentallyharmfulandinefficient.

33.Whatmattersinthenewmethodofseparatingrareearthmetals?

A.degreesofparamagnetism.B.Temperaturesofcrystallization.

C.reactionstoacidsolutionD.Densitiesofmixtures.

34.Howdoestheauthorillustratethenewtechnology'sefficiencyinparagraph3?

A.Byexplainingatheory.B.Bycitingresearchdata.

C.Byintroducingamethod.D.Byquotingexperts'views.

35.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthenewtechnology'sfiiture?

A.Minimizingrareearthminingcosts.B.Sendinglarge-scalerareearthproduction.

C.Replacingallexistingseparationmethods.D.Alleviatingrarecarth-rclatcdglobalissues.

【答案】32.D33.A34.B35.D

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了传统稀土分离方法存在的问题、宾夕法尼亚大学研究人员开

发的新稀土分离方法及其优势、新技术的效率体现、专家对新技术的评价以及新技术未来的展望。

32.细节理解题。根据第一段“Conventionalmethodsrelyonmassiveamountsofacidicsolutionsand