Unit3TheWorldofScienceUsinglanguage课件高中英语外研版

Unit3

TheworldofscienceSectionⅢ

Usinglanguage学习任务目标1.Identifyandsummarisetheformsandfunctionsofthepresentperfectpassivethroughobservation,andapplyitcorrectlyindifferentcontextsandsituations.2.Understandthemainideaoflisteningmaterials,gatherspecificdetailstocompletethenotesandexploregeneraltopicsrelatedtoinventionsindailylife.3.Utiliseappropriatestructurestointroducescientistsandtheirachievementsinvariousfields.自主式预习Ⅰ.根据语境写出句中黑体单词的汉语意思1.Ifyoufearthattheproblemsarebeyondyourhelp,seekprofessionalhelpfromsocialworkers,medicalprofessionalsorgovernmentauthorities.________________2.Sevenbabyloggerheadturtleswererecentlyhatchedaftersuccessfulartificialincubation(孵化)atQingdaoHaichangOceanPark,markingthefirstinstanceofartificialbreedingofloggerheadturtlesinthecountry._______________超出(能力所及)例子，实例3.We'llbuildareview－relateddatabasetostrengthenthecombinationofthetheoryandpractice.____4.Toprotectandbreedtherarespecies,theparkestablishedaprimateresearchcentrededicatedtoconservationworldwide.____5.Themanisregardedasoneofthebrilliantyoungscientistsforhisgreatcontributiontothecountry'sspaceproject.__________________6.Itwasreportedthatatthelowerstreamoftheriver,thepeakfloodvolumesurpassed1，000cubicmetrespersecond.__________理论物种聪颖的，才华横溢的小河，小溪Ⅱ.拓展词汇知变形教材词汇拓展词汇_______

adj.被动的(反义词)activeadj.主动的，积极的___________

adj.重要的，影响深远的significancen.含义，意思；重要性，重大意义significantlyadv.有重大意义地；显著地；意味深长地______

v.使受伤，弄伤injuredadj.受伤的injuryn.受伤，伤害passivesignificantinjure教材词汇拓展词汇_______

n.化学家chemicaln.化学品

adj.

化学的chemistryn.化学_________

n.生物学家biologyn.生物学biologicaladj.生物的；生物学的________

adj.精确的accuracyn.精确，准确_____

adj.小的minorityn.少数民族；少数chemistbiologistaccurateminor教材词汇拓展词汇______

n.起源，起因originaladj.原先的，最初的originallyadv.原先地，最初地______

adj.精神的；精神健康的mentallyadv.精神上，智力上(反义词)physicaladj.身体的，肉体的____

n.药剂；疗法curableadj.可治愈的，可医好的__________

n.天文学家astronomyn.天文学astronomicaladj.天文学的；巨大的_____________

adj.非凡的，出色的；令人惊奇的extraordinarilyadv.奇怪地；极其，极端地originmentalcureastronomerextraordinaryⅢ.补全短语1.______recognition无法辨认2.___instance例如3.benamed_____

以……命名4.more____

超过；多于；不仅仅；非常5.due__

因为，由于6.beregarded/recognised__

被视作……7.break____

闯入，强行进入，破门而入8.attheend__

在……的末尾，在……的尽头beyondfor

after

thanto

asintoofⅣ.补全句子1.句型公式：as...as...Healsodevelopedacalendarwhichis______________theGregoriancalendar.他还发明了一种和公历一样精确的历法。asaccurateas2.句型公式：beknownfor；“介词＋关系词”引导定语从句BritishbiologistCharlesDarwin(1809－1882)_________________hisworkOn

the

Origin

of

Species,________heexplainschangesinspeciesduetonaturalselection.英国生物学家查尔斯·达尔文(1809－1882)最广为人知的是其著作《物种起源》，他在书中解释了物种因自然选择而发生的变化。isbestknownfor

inwhich

3.句型公式：“thenumberof＋名词”作主语Itisrecognisedasthemostcommonmentaldiseaseamongolderpeople,and__________________________________．它被认为是老年人中最常见的精神疾病，患者人数也在不断增加。thenumberofsufferersisgrowing任务型课堂1.significantadj.重要的，影响深远的[教材原文]Butperhapsthemostsignificantsuccessthatpeoplehaveachievedtodateisinmedicine.但也许迄今为止人们取得的最重大的成功是在医学上。[归纳拓展](1)besignificantfor对……是重要的，对……有重大意义Itissignificanttodosth.做某事意义重大。Itissignificantthat...重要的是……(2)significancen.含义，意思；重大意义，重要性beofgreatsignificance非常重要attach(great)significanceto认为……(很)重要(3)significantlyadv.有重大意义地；显著地；意味深长地常见“be＋of＋抽象名词”的短语：beofsignificance＝besignificantbeofimportance＝beimportantbeofvalue＝bevaluablebeofhelp＝behelpfulbeofuse＝beuseful[即学即练](1)语法填空①Asweallknow,wateris__greatsignificancetohumanbeings.②Itis___________(significance)toputourselvesintheirshoeswhenwehaveconflictswithfriends.③Lastbutnotleast,healthisalsoverysignificant___usstudents.④(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)Becausethesystemisautomated,it____________(significant)reducestheamountofwaterneededtogrowplants.

ofsignificant

for

significantly(2)写作微练①(2024·全国甲卷应用文写作之发言稿)高速列车像串珠一样连接着遥远的城市，大大缩短了旅行时间。High－speedtrainslinkdistantcitieslikebeadsonastring,_________________________________．②(应用文写作之发言稿)这个发现对医学领域具有重要意义，因为它可能带来新的治疗方法。Thisdiscovery_____________________________________

asitmayleadtonewtreatments.significantlyreducingtraveltimeisofsignificanceforthefieldofmedicine2.curen.药剂；疗法；治愈

v.缓解(人或动物)的疾病症状，治疗；治愈[教材原文]Currently,there'snocureforAlzheimer's,butscientistsareresearchingwaystoimprovethequalityoflifeforpeoplelivingwiththedisease.目前，还没有治愈阿尔茨海默病的方法，但是科学家们正在研究提高阿尔茨海默病患者的生活质量的方法。[归纳拓展](1)curesb.ofsth.治好某人的……病；改正某人的不良习惯(2)acurefor...治疗……的方法其他“动词＋sb.＋of＋sth.”型短语：①accusesb.ofsth.控告某人某物②warnsb.ofsth.警告某人某物③remindsb.ofsth.提醒某人某物④robsb.ofsth.抢劫某人某物⑤suspectsb.ofsth.怀疑某人某物⑥informsb.ofsth.通知某人某物[即学即练](1)语法填空①Thedoctoristryingtofindacure___thisraredisease.②Kindnessandunderstandingcancurepeople__loneliness.forof(2)写作微练①(应用文写作之建议信)笑声可以治愈压力和忧虑。Laughtercanbe___________________________．②(读后续写之情景描写)这张老照片让那位老人想起了他在那个小镇度过的幸福时光。Thisoldphoto________________________________spentinthatsmalltown.

acureforstressandworryremindstheoldmanofhishappydays语法研习课现在完成时的被动语态①Thisevening,I'llbetalkingtoDrRichardFairhurst,whosenewbookThe

New

Age

of

Invention

hasjustbeenpublished.②Iguessyouhavebeenaskedaboutthetitleofyourbookbefore.③Newinventionslike3Dprintershavebeenusedtomakereplacementheartsandboneparts.①②③句均使用了“_____________＋及物动词的___________”的结构，我们称之为____________________。现在完成时的被动语态表示__________的动作，且主语是动作的_______。have/hasbeen过去分词现在完成时的被动语态已经完成承受者一、现在完成时的被动语态的含义和构成现在完成时的被动语态强调动作或状态在说话之前已经结束或持续到现在并对现在产生影响或造成结果；同时，主语是行为动作的承受者，主语与谓语动词之间为被动关系，表示“……已经被……”。现在完成时的被动语态的结构是“主语＋have/has＋been＋及物动词的过去分词”。Itissaidthattheplanhasbeenstudiedbytheexpertsforthreetimes.据说，这个计划已经被专家研究了三次了。Papermoneyhasbeenusedforoveronethousandyears.纸币已经使用了一千多年了。Theseflowershavebeenwatered.Youcangohomenow.这些花已经被浇过水了，你现在可以回家了。二、现在完成时的被动语态的几种常规用法1.用于不知道动作执行者是谁时。Hisbikehasbeenstolen.他的自行车被人偷了。(不清楚是被谁偷的)2.用于动作执行者是泛指或不言自明时。Notabookinthelibraryhasbeentakenaway.图书馆里的书没有一本被人拿走。(没人拿书，泛指)3.用于动作的执行者不是人时。Thehousehasbeenwashedawaybythestorm.那栋房子已经被暴风雨冲走了。现在完成时的标志词有“for＋一段时间”、since、already、ever、yet、sofar、upto/untilnow、inthelast/pastfewyears/days/minutes/months等。三、现在完成时的被动语态的否定式和疑问句式1.现在完成时的被动语态的否定式由“have/has＋not＋been＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。Theinkhasnotbeenremovedfromhisovercoat.墨迹还没有从他的大衣上去掉。2.现在完成时的被动语态的一般疑问式由“Have/Has＋主语＋been＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。Hasthedateforthenextmeetingbeendecided?下次会议的日期已确定了吗？3.现在完成时的被动语态的特殊疑问式由“特殊疑问词＋have/has＋主语＋been＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。Howlonghasthisfilmbeenshown?这部电影已放映多长时间了？Whohasbeenhelpedbythenewcomputer?谁已经得到了这台新计算机的帮助？Howmanynewwordshavebeenlearnedbythesestudents?这些学生已经学会了多少个新单词？四、现在完成时的被动语态需要注意的问题1.现在完成时的被动语态有两个助动词，即have/has和been，两者缺一不可。Hehasbeenselectedtotakepartinthesportsmeeting.他已被选中参加运动会。2.注意与一般过去时的被动语态的区别：一般过去时的被动语态表示一个被动的动作发生在过去某个时候，不强调对现在的影响；而现在完成时的被动语态的动作或状态尽管发生在过去，但侧重说明该动作或状态对现在造成的影响和结果。Thelibraryhasbeenbuilt.这座图书馆已经建好了。(图书馆可以用了)Thelibrarywasbuiltlastyear.这座图书馆是去年建成的。(图书馆现在是否能用是未知的)3.由finish、buy、start、begin、post、return、borrow、join、marry、open等非延续性动词构成的现在完成时的被动语态不能与表示一段时间的状语如forfourdays,howlong等连用，若与这些时间状语连用，需要改换动词或时态。译：这本书借了一周了。误：Thebookhasbeenborrowedforaweek.正：Thebookhasbeenkeptforaweek.但这类动词的否定式可表示动作的持续过程，具有延续性，因而可与since或for引导的时间段连用。Thebookhasnotbeenborrowedsincelastweek.自上周以来，没有人借过这本书。4.有些动词短语是一个不可分割的整体，在被动结构中要保持其完整性，不可省略这些动词短语中的介词或副词。Theinjuredbirdhasbeenlookedaftersinceitwassaved.(after不可漏掉)那只受伤的小鸟获救后一直被照看着。Ⅰ.语法填空1.Forcenturies,theancientlanguage_______________(pass)onfromonegenerationtoanother.2.Jennyisverycareless.Thisisthethirdtimethatshe________(lose)herlibrarycard.3.MrLeemovedtoNewJerseyinhisearlytwentiesandhe_________(live)intheUnitedStateseversince.hasbeenpassed

haslost

haslived4.Theirnewhouse__________________(decorate)fortwomonthsandtheywillsettleinitinthenearfuture.5.Whenandwheretogofortheon－salaryholiday________________(notdecide)yet.6.Greatchanges__________(take)placeinmyhometownandyoucanseethatalotoffactories_____________(set)up.7.Overthepastthreeyears,thepaintings_______________(take)tomorethan20museumsintheworld.8.—Whydoesthelakesmellterrible?—Becauselargequantitiesofwater__________________(pollute).hasbeendecorated

hasnotbeendecidedhavetakenhav