北京市昌平区高三下学期二模英语试题

昌平区2025年高三年级第二次统一练习英语试卷笔试部分本试卷共12页，共100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分知识运用(共两节，30分)第一节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Ineverconsideredmyselfartisticuntilthatrainyautumnafternoon.Mrs.Riley,ourartteacher,handedoutcanvases(画布)withanunusual____1____,“Paintwhatyoufeelotherscannotsee.”Myclassmates____2____dippedbrushesintobrightcolors,whileIstaredatthe____3____surface,noideainmymind,andimmersedmyselfinselfdoubt.Foryears,Ihad____4____todrawexceptforstickfiguresandconvincedthat____5____wasn’tmygift.Butasraindropstappedthewindowlikeapieceofbeautifulmusic,anideasparked—Imixedgreysandbluestocapturetherhythmofthestorm.Tomy____6____This...Rileypausedandlookedatmydrawing.“This...hasdepth,”shemurmured,noddingherheadslightly.Thatnight,Ilayawake,tornbeementandfear.Mysketchbook(速写本),longhiddenunderbooks,resurfacedlikeanoldfriend.Ibegansketchingshadowsdancingthroughstreetlights,steamcurlingfromteacups—ordinarymagicI’dalways____7____.Weekslater,theschoolexhibitionarrived.Mypiece“UrbanSymphony”hungbesideabstractpaintings.Visitorsrushedpastmyworkwithoutpauseuntilalittlegirlpulledhermother’ssleeve.“Look!It’slikethecityisbreathing!”Herwordswerebeyondmypersonal____8____.Now,asIprepareforartcollege,IoftenrecallMrs.Riley’swisdom:“Visiongrowswhenwedareto____9____theinvisible.”Thatblankcanvastaughtmecreativityisn’taboutskill,butthe____10____toshareouruniqueperspectives.1.A.task B.gift C.sign D.game2.A.suddenly B.eventually C.immediately D.casually3.A.messy B.blank C.torn D.rough4.A.pretended B.decided C.promised D.refused5.A.sincerity B.creativity C.curiosity D.generosity6.A.surprise B.anger C.regret D.horror7.A.forgot B.tracked C.ignored D.witnessed8.A.control B.authority C.capacity D.expectation9.A.explore B.question C.create D.protect10.A.dream B.chance C.courage D.demand【答案】1.A2.C3.B4.D5.B6.A7.C8.D9.A10.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述作者原本认为自己没有艺术天赋，但在一次艺术课上，老师布置了一个不同寻常的绘画任务，作者受窗外雨景启发开始创作，并意外得到老师认可。【1题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的美术老师莱利夫人发了一张画布，上面有一项不同寻常的任务：“画出你觉得别人看不到的东西。”A.task任务；B.gift礼物；C.sign迹象；D.game游戏。根据下文“Paintwhatyoufeelotherscannotsee”可知，美术老师发下来的画布上留有任务。故选A。【2题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：同学们立即用画笔蘸上鲜艳的色彩，而我则呆呆地盯着空白的表面，毫无头绪，沉浸在自我怀疑中。A.suddenly突然；B.eventually最后；C.immediately立刻；D.casually随意地。根据下文“dippedbrushesintobrightcolors”可知，同学们看到了任务以后立刻就用画笔蘸上鲜艳的色彩准备画画。故选C。【3题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同学们立即用画笔蘸上鲜艳的色彩，而我则呆呆地盯着空白的表面，毫无头绪，沉浸在自我怀疑中。A.messy混乱的；B.blank空白的；C.torn破损的；D.rough粗糙的。根据上文“handedoutcanvases”可知，老师发下来的画布上应该是什么都没有的，也就是空白的。故选B。【4题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：多年来，除了简笔画外，我一直拒绝画画，并坚信创造力不是我的天赋。A.pretended假装；B.decided决定；C.promised答应；D.refused拒绝。根据下文“wasn’tmygift”可知，作者觉得自己没有天赋，所以拒绝画画。故选D。【5题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：多年来，除了简笔画外，我一直拒绝画画，并坚信创造力不是我的天赋。A.sincerity真诚；B.creativity创造力；C.curiosity好奇心；D.generosity慷慨。根据上文“noideainmymind”和常识可知，画画需要创造力，作者看到画布毫无头绪，说明作者觉得自己没有创造力。故选B。【6题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：令我吃惊的是，莱利太太停了下来，看着我的画。A.surprise惊讶；B.anger生气；C.regret后悔；D.horror震惊，恐惧。根据下文“This...hasdepth”可知，美术老师说作者的画有深度，这让作者吃惊。故选A。【7题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我开始画在路灯下跳舞的影子，从茶杯里冒出的蒸汽——这些我一直忽略的普通魔术。A.forgot忘记；B.tracked跟踪；C.ignored忽视；D.witnessed目击。根据上文“shadowsdancingthroughstreetlights,steamcurlingfromteacups—ordinarymagic”可知，路灯下跳舞的影子，从茶杯里冒出的蒸汽，这些是作者一直忽略的魔术。故选C。【8题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的话出乎我的意料。A.control控制；B.authority权威；C.capacity能力；D.expectation预料。根据上文“Look!It’slikethecityisbreathing”可知，作者肯定没有料到美术老师会这么说，所以老师是话出乎作者的意料。故选D。【9题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们敢于探索不可见的世界时，视野就会增长。A.explore探索；B.question质疑；C.create创造；D.protect保护。根据第1空后“Paintwhatyoufeelotherscannotsee”可知，此处是指探索不可见的世界。故选A。【10题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：空白的画布教会了我，创造力不在于技能，而在于分享我们独特观点的勇气。A.dream梦想；B.chance机会；C.courage勇气；D.demand要求。根据下文“shareouruniqueperspectives”可知，此处是指分享独特观点的勇气。故选C。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)A阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。OliviaVibbert,14yearold,triedtoestablishherownnonprofit.In2016,____11____(help)thehomelessinwinter,sherequestedsockdonationswhenknowingsocksareamongthemostneededitems.Thecampaignstartedoutwiththebiggoalof1,000sockdonations—amilestonethat____12____(achieve)inmeredays.Thenshewentontocollectmoresocks.Sofar,Olivia____13____(receive)over8,000pairsofdonatedsocks.【答案】11.tohelp12.wasachieved13.hasreceived【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是14岁的OliviaVibbert努力建立自己的非营利组织，以帮助冬季无家可归者的事迹。【11题详解】考查不定式。句意：2016年，为了在冬天帮助无家可归的人，她在知道袜子是最需要的物品之一的情况下，请求捐赠袜子。根据句意可知，帮助无家可归的人是她请求捐赠袜子的目的，空格处用不定式表目的，故填tohelp。【12题详解】考查时态，被动语态和主谓一致。句意：活动开始时的大目标是捐赠1000只袜子，这个里程碑在短短几天内就实现了。里程碑是被实现，句子描述过去的事情，因此句子用一般过去时的被动语态，that指代的先行词milestone是单数，因此空格处是wasachieved，故填wasachieved。【13题详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，奥利维亚已经收到了8000多双捐赠的袜子。由Sofar可知，句子时态是现在完成时，主语Olivia是单数，因此空格处是hasreceived。故填hasreceived。B阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Researchshowsthatpeoplearemorelikelytomaintainanexerciseroutineiftheyenjoytheactivitiestheychoose.Iftheexerciseyouaredoingisnotenjoyable,yourmotivationwillgraduallydecrease.Soyouneedtofind____14____interestsyou.Somegymsofferatastersessionbeforeyousignup,____15____canhelpyougetafeelforwhatanewplacemightbelike.Onceyoufindastyleyouenjoy,youwillbe____16____(cheerful)thanever.【答案】14.what15which16.morecheerful【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。研究表明享受运动更易坚持，若运动无趣动力会降，找到兴趣所在并尝试，能让人更快乐。【14题详解】考查宾语从句。句意：所以你需要找到让你感兴趣的事物。“____interestsyou”是宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，且表示“……的事物”，应用连接代词what引导。故填what。【15题详解】考查定语从句。句意：一些健身房在你报名之前提供体验课程，这可以帮助你感受新地方是什么样的。这里考查非限制性定语从句，先行词是atastersession，为物，关系词在从句中作主语，所以应用关系代词which引导。故填which。【16题详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：一旦你找到了自己喜欢的运动风格，你会比以往更快乐。根据thanever可知，此处用形容词比较级，cheerful的比较级是morecheerful。故填morecheerful。C阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Whilesocialmediahasconnectedpeopleglobally,itsoverusemayharmmentalhealth.Teenagersspendinghoursscrollingshortvideosoftenfeellonely,____17____(lack)realmunication.Studies____18____(conduct)in2023showthat60%ofusersparetheirlivestoothers’posts,leadingtoanxiety.However,used____19____(wise),theseplatformscanpromoteculturalexchange.Educatorssuggestlimitingscreentimeandengaging____20____offlinesomeactivities.Afterall,technologyismeanttoservehumans,notcontrolthem.【答案】17lacking18.conducted19.wisely20.in【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了社交媒体在连接全球人们的同时，其过度使用可能对心理健康造成危害，特别是对青少年而言。【17题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：花数小时浏览短视频的青少年常常会感到孤独，并且缺乏真正的交流。句中谓语是feel，空格处用非谓语动词，Teenagers和lack之间是主谓关系，因此用现在分词表主动，作状语，故填lacking。【18题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：2023年进行的研究表明，60%的用户将自己的生活与他人的帖子进行比较，从而导致焦虑。句中谓语是show，空格处用非谓语动词，Studies和conduct之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此用过去分词表被动，作后置定语，故填conducted。【19题详解】考查副词。句意：然而，如果使用得当，这些平台可以促进文化交流。空格处用副词wisely修饰动词used，wisely意为“明智地”，故填wisely。20题详解】考查介词。句意：教育工作者建议限制屏幕时间，参与一些线下活动。engagein是固定短语，意为“参与”，因此空格处用介词in，故填in。第二部分阅读理解(共两节，38分)第一节(共14小题;每小题2分，共28分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AInvestorServicesisoneofthecoredepartmentsinGlobalCoreOperations,mainlyinchargeofshareholdermeetingservicestolistedissuerclients.TheStudentIntern(实习生)willmainlysupporttheteamtoensuretimelyservicedelivery.Aroleyouwilllove:AthreemonthinternshipfromOctobertotheendofDecemberwillbeanexcitingopportunityforauniversitystudenttogainfantasticexposureinaglobalcorporationanddelivershareholdermeetingservicestolistedissuerclientsinChina.Otherkeyresponsibilitiesinclude:·Providemeetingsupportandorganizeshareholders’meetingsinBeijing,Shanghaiorotherlocations(includingremoteareas).·Conductmeetingoperationsandlearnmeetinghandlingprocedures,studyvariousmeetingtypesandtheirspecificrequirements.·Conductpreparationwork,includingbutnotlimitedto,draftingrelevantdocuments,coordinatingwithrelevantparties,arrangingmeetinglogisticsandsettingupsystems.·Assistdailyoperationoftheteamandworkcloselywithteammemberstoensurealldailytasksarepletedaccuratelyandpromptly.·Workatleast4daysaweekandfrequenttravelmayberequired.Requirementsfortheroleinclude:·Universitystudents,preferablyinFinance,Accounting,Economic,InformationTechnology,BusinessorputerSciencerelatedmajors.·Goodmunicationskills,nativeinChinese.·Strongtimemanagementskills.·Abilitytoworkindependentlyandcollaborativelyunderpressure.Rewardsdesignedforyou:·Flexibleworkingtimetohelpyoufindthebestbalancebetweenworkandlifestyle.·Healthandwellbeingrewardsthatcanbetailoredtosupportyouandyourfamily.·Investinourbusinessbysettingasidesalarytopurchasesharesinourpany,andyou’llreceiveapanycontributionaswell.21.InInvestorServices,astudentinternwill______.A.editdraftsfortherelevantclientsB.leadandsupporttheteammembersC.delivershareholdermeetingservicesD.setupITsystemsfortheshareholders22.Theinternsarerequiredtohave______.A.relevantexperienceB.goodmunicationskillsC.highproficiencyinasecondlanguageD.applicabledegreesinFinanceorAccounting23.Whatwillthepanyprovidefortheinterns?A.Flexibleworkplacewithoutpressure.B.Prioritytobuypanyshares.C.Personalizedfitnessplans.D.Tailoredhealthbenefits.【答案】21.C22.B23.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了一个在GlobalCoreOperations中InvestorServices部门的实习生岗位信息。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“InvestorServicesisoneofthecoredepartmentsinGlobalCoreOperations,mainlyinchargeofshareholdermeetingservicestolistedissuerclients.(投资者服务部是全球核心业务的核心部门之一，主要负责向上市发行人客户提供股东大会服务)”可知，在投资者服务部门，学生实习生将提供股东大会服务。故选C。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据Requirementsfortheroleinclude:部分“Goodmunicationskills,nativeinChinese.(良好的沟通能力，母语为中文)”可知，实习生需要有良好的沟通技巧。故选B。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据Rewardsdesignedforyou:部分“Healthandwellbeingrewardsthatcanbetailoredtosupportyouandyourfamily.(健康和福利奖励，可以量身定制，以支持您和您的家人)”可知，公司会为实习生提供量身定制的健康福利。故选D。BAt17yearsold,mostarestilllearningbasicdrivingskillsinAmerica.Oncethecarisparked,thedayispackedwithschoolactivitiesandhangingoutwithfriends.Butat17,MaggieTaraskahadadistinctivegoalinmind:FlyaloneacrosstheUnitedStates.BothofMaggie’sparentswereretiredfromtheairforce,sotheurgetoflyisinMaggie’sblood.Shewenttoflightschool,putinthehourswithaninstructorandstartedonhertraininghours.Butonherfirsttakeoff,somethingdidn’tsoundright.Theplanehadlostoneofthelandinggearwheels.“AssoonasItookoff,Ijustheardsomethingwaswronginstinctively.”saidMaggie.Herinstructortalkedtoherfromthegroundwhileshecircledafewtimestogatherherself.“Iwasfrightened,thinkingaboutallthebadthingsthatcouldhavehappened;IwasthinkingabouthowmyparentswereonthegroundasIknewtheywerewatching.”Stressandpaniccancauseanyofustomakecarelessdecisions.Ittakesmentalpracticetocalmdown.“Takeafewbreaths,focusonthemomentandfollowtheplan.Ipanickedabit,butfollowedmytraining.”Maggiewasalittleshakyasshetalkedtothetower,butshehadaperfectbellylandingthatskiddedontheinfieldgrass.Herfathercouldn’tbeprouder.“BythetimeIsawMaggieonherapproach,itwasabetterapproachthanIcouldhaveflown,”hesaid.Cheerseruptedinthetower,andMaggietookadeepbreathandclimbedoutoftheplane.Creditdoesgotothecrewfortalkingtoher.Yes,weallneedsomeonetotalkusthroughchallengingtimes,butintheend,itwasallMaggieatthecontrols.Wecouldallbeforgivenforcallingitquitsafteranexperiencelikethat.Afterall,itwasabitdistressing.Sowalkingawaywouldbeunderstandable.Butfivedayslater,Maggiewasgoingthroughherpreflightsafetyinspections,checkingthewings,especiallycheckingthelandinggear.“Itfeelsamazing,”shesaid,“Itgivesanincrediblesenseofliberation.”Atsomepointinourlives,wewillallbeinasituationforthefirsttime.It’sscary.Butifyoufaceyourfears,thewholeworldopensuptoyou.24.Maggie’surgetoflyalonewasmainlyinfluencedby______.A.herparents’backgroundinairforceB.herexperienceofschoolactivitiesC.herinstructor’sencouragementsD.herbasicdrivingskills25.WhenMaggieheardsomethingwrongduringtakeoff,she______.A.landedtheplaneimmediatelyB.thoughtofherparenationC.circledafewtimestocalmherselfdownD.continuedflyingasifnothinghadhappened26.WhichwordswouldbestdescribeMaggie’spersonality?A.Proudandintelligent.B.Positiveandcautious.C.Patientandresponsible.D.Fearlessanddetermined.27.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Failureisthemotherofsuccess.B.Agoodbeginningishalfdone.C.Fortunefavorsthebrave.D.Practicemakesperfect.【答案】24.A25.C26.D27.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了17岁的MaggieTaraska克服重重困难，勇敢追求自己独自驾机飞越美国梦想的故事。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“BothofMaggie’sparentswereretiredfromtheairforce,sotheurgetoflyisinMaggie’sblood.(Maggie的父母都是从空军退役的，所以麦琪的血液里有飞行的冲动)”可知，Maggie想独自飞行的冲动主要受到她父母在空军的背景的影响。故选A。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段““AssoonasItookoff,Ijustheardsomethingwaswronginstinctively.”saidMaggie.(“我一起飞，就本能地感觉到不对劲。”Maggie说)”和第三段“Herinstructortalkedtoherfromthegroundwhileshecircledafewtimestogatherherself.(她的教练在地上跟她说话，她绕了几圈，让自己镇定下来)”可知，当Maggie在起飞时听到有什么不对劲时，她绕了几圈让自己冷静下来。故选C。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Herinstructortalkedtoherfromthegroundwhileshecircledafewtimestogatherherself.(她的教练在地上跟她说话，她绕了几圈，让自己镇定下来)”，第四段““Takeafewbreaths,focusonthemomentandfollowtheplan.Ipanickedabit,butfollowedmytraining.”(“做几次深呼吸，专注于当下，按计划行事。我有点儿慌了，但还是按照训练的要求做了。”)”和最后一段“Butifyoufaceyourfears,thewholeworldopensuptoyou.(但如果你直面恐惧，整个世界都会向你敞开大门)”可知，Maggie无所畏惧，意志坚定。故选D。【27题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第四段“Stressandpaniccancauseanyofustomakecarelessdecisions.Ittakesmentalpracticetocalmdown.“Takeafewbreaths,focusonthemomentandfollowtheplan.Ipanickedabit,butfollowedmytraining.”(压力和恐慌会让我们中的任何一个人做出草率的决定。要让自己冷静下来需要进行心理层面的练习。“做几次深呼吸，专注于当下，按计划行事。我有点儿慌了，但还是按照训练的要求做了。”)”和第五段“Maggiewasalittleshakyasshetalkedtothetower,butshehadaperfectbellylandingthatskiddedontheinfieldgrass.(Maggie在和塔台通话时声音有些颤抖，但她完成了一次完美的腹部着陆，飞机在跑道内场的草地上滑行了一段距离)”可知，本文主要讲述了17岁的MaggieTaraska克服重重困难，勇敢追求自己独自驾机飞越美国梦想的故事，因此我们可以从文中学到“幸运垂青勇者”，即Fortunefavorsthebrave。故选C。CMicrosoftExcel’sautocorrectionhaslongannoyedcasualusers.Dashes(破折号)beforelistsofnumbersaremisreadasaminussign.Phonenumberslosetheirleadingzeroes.Creditcardnumbersgetreexpressedinscientificnotation,like1.30521E+17.Geneticistsstrugglewithaparticularversionofthisproblem.Agene(基因)calledMembraneAssociatedRingCHtypefinger1,monlyknownasMARCH1,is,forinstance,frequentlyreencodedasthedateMarch1.SomethingsimilarhappenstogenesintheSeptinfamily,ofwhichSEPT1isamember,andtoBasicHelixLoopHelixFamilyMemberE41,oftenknownasDEC2.Thisproblemwasfirstnoticedin2004,butwasbroughttowiderattentionin2016byMarkZiemannofDeakinUniversity,inAustralia.Bysurveying166,000genomicsrelatedpaperspublishedbetween2014and2020,heandhiscoauthorsshowedthatthenumberofpapersusingExcelhassteadilyincreased,andtheproportionwithautocorrecterrorsisataround30%.Errorshavealsobeenflaggedbyresearchersinotherlanguages.InPortuguese,forinstance,AGO2(ArgonauteRISCCatalyticponent2)rebrandsitselfasAgosto2.DutchusersexperienceproblemswithMEII(MeioticDoubleStrandedBreakFormationProtein1),“Mei”beingtheDutchfor“May”.AndgeneticistsinFinland,wherethefirstmonthoftheyeariscalledTammikuu,findTAMM41encodingitselfas41stofJanuary.Thiscontinuingstateofaffairsissurprising.InAugust2020,themitteewhichstandardisesgenenamesrenamedthosebeginningMARC,MARCHandSEPTtobeginMTARC,MARCHFandSEPTIN,andrebrandedDEC1asDELEC1.Otherproblematicgenenamesremained,butthiswaswidelyseenasastepintherightdirection.DrZieman’slatestpaper,though,suggeststhatfewresearchershavetakenit.Sucherrorsoftenseemamusingratherthandangerous.Buttheyreflectadeeperproblem,whichisthatspreadsheetsallowsuchsilenterrors,toowellcamouflagedforauthorsortheireditorstospot,togoundetectedforyears.Tostopthis,DrZiemannremendsresearchersabandonsoftwarelikeExcelinfavorofscheduledcodewrittenwithscientificapplicationsinmind.Suchprogramsaremoredifficulttobeautocorrectedandeasiertoexamine.Whetherhisadvicewillbetakenthistimeremainstobeseen.28.AsforExcel’sautocorrectissue,whichstatementmightDrZiemannagreewith?A.Switchingtosciencespecificcodingtools.B.RelyingonExcel’sadvancedfunction.C.Adoptingtherenamedgeneterms.D.Avoidingautocorrectinpapers.29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“camouflaged”inthelastparagraphprobablymean?A.Decorateddeliberately. B.Hiddenunnoticeably.C.Correctedautomatically. D.Increasedsharply.30.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A.Toemphasizethedrawbackofautocorrectioninscientificresearch.B.Toexplainaproblemsolvingprocedureforautocorrection.C.ToremendanewsoftwaretoreplaceExcel.D.ToadvocateacampaigntoabandonExcel.【答案】28.A29.B30.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了MicrosoftExcel的自动更正功能给遗传学家等科研人员带来的问题。【28题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Tostopthis,DrZiemannremendsresearchersabandonsoftwarelikeExcelinfavorofscheduledcodewrittenwithscientificapplicationsinmind.(为了阻止这种情况，DrZiemann建议研究人员放弃使用Excel等软件，转而使用为科学应用程序编写的预定代码。)”可知，至于Excel的自动更正问题，DrZiemann可能同意的是转而使用科学专用的编码工具。故选A。【29题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词所在句子“Buttheyreflectadeeperproblem,whichisthatspreadsheetsallowsuchsilenterrors,toowell

camouflagedforauthorsortheireditorstospot,togoundetectedforyears.(但它们反映了一个更深层次的问题，那就是电子表格允许这种无声的错误，这些错误camouflaged太好，以至于作者或编辑无法发现，多年来一直未被发现。)”中“silenterrors(无声的错误)”、修饰well

camouflaged的“too”以及“forauthorsortheireditorstospottogoundetectedforyears”可知，这些错误被伪装得太好，以至于作者或编辑无法发现，多年来一直未被发现，划线词camouflaged的意思是“伪装的”，和Hiddenunnoticeably意思相近。故选B。【30题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“MicrosoftExcel’sautocorrectionhaslongannoyedcasualusers.Dashes(破折号)beforelistsofnumbersaremisreadasaminussign.Phonenumberslosetheirleadingzeroes.Creditcardnumbersgetreexpressedinscientificnotation,like1.30521E+17.(微软Excel的自动纠错功能长期以来一直困扰着普通用户。数字列表前的破折号会被误读为减号。电话号码失去了前导零。信用卡号用科学记数法重新表示，如1.30521E+17。)”可知，本文的目的是强调科学研究中自动纠错的弊端。故选A。DOfthemanypatientswhoneedanorganfromadonor,90%gowithout.About240millionpeoplelivewithraregeneticdiscases,mostofwhichcannotbetreated.Eachyearpoordietscausemorethan10millionearlydeaths.Sufferingonsuchanimmensescalecanappearhopeless.However,atechniquecalledCRISPRgeneeditingpromisestohelpdealwiththeseissuesandmanymoreandproperregulationcanhelpitdevelop.CRISPRislikeaneditorforDNA.ItcanrewriteDNA,removingharmfulmutations(突变)oraddingprotectiveones.Thissummer,clinicaltrials(试验)willstartonpigorganseditedforhumantransplants.Lastyear,thefirstnewtreatmentwentonthemarket.Itseeminglycuressicklecelldiseaseandbetathalassemia,twoblooddisordersthataffectmillions.Ifongoingtrialssucceed,aonetimetreatmentmightprotectagainstheartattacksforlife.CRISPRcanalsohelpfarming.Itcanincreaseoutputsorprotectcropsfromclimatechange.Soon,consumersmaygethealthier,tastierfoods.Butnowisacrucialtime.Sinceitsdiscoveryin2012,CRISPRhasreplacedold,lesseffectiveideas.Genetreatment,whichusesvirusestoinsertgenes,cantreatraregeneticdiseasesbutisexpensive.Geneticallymodified(GM)crops,whichborrowgenesfromotherspecies,faceoppositioninEurope.CRISPRoffersanewway.Buttosucceed,itneedscontinuousinvestment,whichmeansachievingrealworldsuccesses.Forthistohappen,scientistsmustshowtheycangetCRISPRintomorebodycellseasilyandcheaply.Ifitcancreatepersonalizedtreatmentsforindividualmutations,itwillbeevenmoreuseful.Thisrequiresnewscienceandbetterregulation.Currentregulationsforrarediseasedrugsaren’tsuitablefornewmedicines.Theystoppatientsfromgettingnewtreatments.Developingdrugsforsmallgroupshasalwaysbeenhard,andmanyCRISPRpaniesarestruggling.ButCRISPRisprogrammable,sothesamedrugcantargetdifferentmutations.Ifsafetytestingandmanufacturingstandardsareloosened,smallbatchdrugsforrarediseasescanbemademorecheaply.Forpatientswhomaydiebeforedrugapproval,thisisagoodtradeoff.Agriculturealsoneedsreform.Inmanyregions,geneeditedfoodsareregulatedlikeGMfoods,thoughthey’redifferent.Geneeditedplantshavetheirowngenesadjusted,notgenesfromotherspecies.Britainplanstopassnew,looserlawsforgeneeditedfoodstoaddressclimatechangethreatstofoodsecurity.Butpublictrustinregulatorsandscientistscouldbeaproblem.31.WhatisParagraph3mainlyabout?A.ThechallengesandrequirementsforCRISPR’ssuccess.B.ThedifferencesbetweenCRISPRandGMfarming.C.Theeconomicbenefitsofgeneticengineering.D.ThehistoryofCRISPRdevelopment.32.Whatcanbeinferredaboutcurrentsafetytestingstandards?A.TheyareunnecessaryforCRISPRtreatments.B.Theydelaytreatmentaccessforurgentcases.C.Theyensurepletesafetyforallpatients.D.Theyfocusonlyonagriculturalproducts.33.AsforCRISPRgeneediting,theauthoris______.A.critical B.doubtful C.indifferent D.positive34.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?A.CRISPR:MedicalBreakthroughsandFundingShortages.B.CRISPR:PublicDistrustinAgriculturalInnovation.C.CRISPR:PotentialandRegulatoryAdaptation.D.CRISPR:LimitationsinCurrentApplications.【答案】31.A32.B33.D34.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了CRISPR基因编辑技术如何为解决器官移植短缺、罕见遗传病治疗、不良饮食导致的过早死亡以及农业问题等全球性挑战带来希望，并探讨了该技术发展所面临的挑战和所需的改进措施。31题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段“Genetreatment,whichusesvirusestoinsertgenes,cantreatraregeneticdiseasesbutisexpensive.Geneticallymodified(GM)crops,whichborrowgenesfromotherspecies,faceoppositioninEurope.CRISPRoffersanewway.Buttosucceed,itneedscontinuousinvestment,whichmeansachievingrealworldsuccesses.Forthistohappen,scientistsmustshowtheycangetCRISPRintomorebodycellseasilyandcheaply.Ifitcancreatepersonalizedtreatmentsforindividualmutations,itwillbeevenmoreuseful.Thisrequiresnewscienceandbetterregulation.(基因治疗利用病毒将基因插入（人体细胞），能够治疗罕见的遗传性疾病，但成本高昂。转基因作物从其他物种中借入基因，在欧洲面临反对声音。而CRISPR技术提供了一种新的途径。然而，要取得成功，它需要持续的投资，这意味着要实现实际应用的突破。为了实现这一目标，科学家们必须证明他们能够轻松且廉价地将CRISPR技术引入更多的体细胞中。如果CRISPR能够针对个体突变创造出个性化的治疗方案，那么它将更具实用性。而这需要新的科学研究以及更完善的监管。)”可知，第三段主要讲的是CRISPR成功的挑战和要求。故选A。【32题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Currentregulationsforrarediseasedrugsaren’tsuitablefornewmedicines.Theystoppatientsfromgettingnewtreatments.(目前对罕见病药物的规定不适用于新药。他们阻止病人接受新的治疗。)”和“Ifsafetytestingandmanufacturingstandardsareloosened,smallbatchdrugsforrarediseasescanbemademorecheaply.(如果安全检测和生产标准放松，治疗罕见疾病的小批量药物就可以生产得更便宜。)”可知，目前的安全检测标准延误了对紧急病例的治疗。故选B。【33题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“ButCRISPRisprogrammable,sothesamedrugcantargetdifferentmutations.Ifsafetytestingandmanufacturingstandardsareloosened,smallbatchdrugsforrarediseasescanbemademorecheaply.Forpatientswhomaydiebeforedrugapproval,thisisagoodtradeoff.(但是CRISPR是可编程的，所以同样的药物可以针对不同的突变。如果安全检测和生产标准放松，治疗罕见疾病的小批量药物就可以生产得更便宜。对于可能在药物批准前死亡的患者来说，这是一个很好的权衡。)”可知，作者对CRISPR基因编辑的态度是积极的，故选D。【34题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“However,atechniquecalledCRISPRgeneeditingpromisestohelpdealwiththeseissuesandmanymoreandproperregulationcanhelpitdevelop.(然而，一种被称为CRISPR基因编辑的技术有望帮助解决这些问题，而更多适当的监管可以帮助它的发展。)”可知，本文主要讲述了CRISPR基因编辑技术如何为解决器官移植短缺、罕见遗传病治疗、不良饮食导致的过早死亡以及农业问题等全球性挑战带来希望，并探讨了该技术发展所面临的挑战和所需的改进措施，因此最好的题目是C选项“CRISPR:PotentialandRegulatoryAdaptation.(CRISPR：潜力和调控适应)”。故选C。第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。Manypeopletalkaloudtothemselves.____35____Unlikethesilentmentalconversationstermedinnerspeech,thisbehaviorinvolvesvoicedexpression.Researchershaveobservedthatthephenomenonfrequentlyarisesinparticularcircumstances;thoselivingalone,forinstance,demonstrateheightenedengagementwithsuchselfdialogue.Thisinspirestheresearcherstoinvestigateitspsychologicalroots.____36____Talkingoutloudisamonwayforpeoplewhospendlotsoftimealonetokeepthemselvespany.Forexample,childrenwhogrowupalonepracticeselftalkmorefrequentlythanthosewhohavebrothersandsisters—aswellasadultswhohadanimaginarypanionwhentheywerekids.Anothersignificantfactordrivingpeopletotalkoutloudtothemselvesistheneedtodealwithstressfulsituations,particularlywhentheyfeeluncertainabouthowtoactorwhatemotionstoprocess.Researchhasshownthatindividualstendtoselftalkmorewhentheyarefeelinganxiousordealingwithrepetitivethoughts.____37____Selftalkservesasatoolthathelpsthemworkthroughthesechallenges.Agealsoplaysaroleinthisbehavior.Youngchildrentalkoutloudtothemselvesastheyarelearningsocialroles.____38____Theelderlyarealsomorelikelytoselftalk,whichmaybeduetotheirneedformemoryassistanceortheresultofloweredselfcontrol.Talkingoutloudtoyourselfisperfectlynormalandevenbeneficial.Itcanimprovehowwellyouperformatatask.Inonestudy,basketballplayersperformedbetterwhentheytalkedthroughtheirmovesoutloudinanencouragingorinstructionalway.Therecanalso,surprisingly,beasocialaspect.Inthatcase,selftalkblurs(模糊)thelinebetweeninternalandinterpersonalmunication.____39____A.Itisabehaviorknownasexternalselftalk.B.Theirselftalkfocusmoreonrecallingpastevents.C.Upsettingexperiencesmakepeoplewanttoresolvethem.D.Andeventuallytheirselftalkbeesinternalizedasinnerspeech.E.Socialdisconnectionclearlystandsoutasoneofseveralkeyreasons.F.Thisbehaviorismonlyseeninpeoplewhohavedifficultysocializing.G.Itisawaytoletotherpeopledirectlyorindirectlyknowwhatwearethinking.【答案】35.A36.E37.C38.D39.G【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是人们自言自语这一行为，探讨了该行为出现的特定情境、背后的心理根源。【35题详解】空前“Manypeopletalkaloudtothemselves.(许多人自言自语。)”说明了许多人会自言自语，A选项“Itisabehaviorknownasexternalselftalk.(这是一种被称为外部自我对话的行为。)”对上文提到的这种现象进行一种评述，说明了