福建莆田市高中毕业班第二次质量调研测试英语试卷

莆田市2026届高中毕业班第二次质量调研测试试卷英语(试卷满分：150分，考试时间：120分钟)注意事项：1.答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码在答题卡上的指定位置。2.选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。3.非选择题的作答：用黑色签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。4.请保持答题卡整洁，避免折叠。考试结束后，请将答题卡上交。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段录音。每段录音后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段录音后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段录音播放两遍。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】WhatisMr.Thompsonlike?A.Patient. B.Intelligent. C.Strict.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:MyfavoriteteacherisMrs.Brown.She’sreallygoodatexplainingmath.Whataboutyou?M:Mr.Thompsongetsmyvote.Henevergetsangry,evenwhenwedon’tunderstandsomething.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatisthewomanlookingtobuyprobably?A.Asmartphone. B.Someclothes. C.Somefood.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Weletoourmall.Wehavealimitedselectionofworldcheesesonsaleifyouareinterested.W:Thanks,butI’mactuallylookingforthekid’sclothingsection.M:Justgostraightahead.Itisbesidetheelectronicstore.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whenwillthefilmbegin?A.p.m.:05p.m. B.At7:20p.m. C.At7:30p.m.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:It’snouse.We’vebeencirclingfor15minutes,lookingforaparkingspace.It’s7:25p.m.now.Thefilmwillstartinfiveminutes.W:Iknow.Look!There’sone!Quick,grabit.Wecanstillmakeitbeforethefilmstarts.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】WhatdidAmydointhreemonths?A.Shereadanovel. B.Shewroteanovel. C.Shepublishedanovel.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Amy,Ifinishedreadingthefirstdraftofyournovel.Didyoureallycreatethisinjustthreemonths?W:Yes,Iworkedonitforthreehourseverydayinthemorning.M:It’soneofthebeststoriesI’veeverread.W:Thankyou.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Respectingtheold.B.Buyinganewbicycle.C.Sharingskillswithinafamily.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:IjusttaughtlittleEmmahowtorideabiketoday,Grandpa.Icouldn’tbelieveherabsenceoffear!M:JustlikeItaughtyouwhenyouwereachild.Itwarmsmyhearttoseethistradition.Weteacheachothercertainabilitiesthroughthegenerations.第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段录音。每段录音后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段录音前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，每小题都有5秒钟的作答时间。每段录音播放两遍。听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.Whatisthemanstrugglingwith?A.Drawingfigures.B.Mixingcolorseffectively.C.Findinghighqualitypaints.7.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?A.Watchvideos. B.Gotoartschool. C.Learnfromher.【答案】6.B7.C【解析】【原文】M:I’vebeentryingtolearnwatercolorpainting,butIcan’tfigureouthowtomixthecolorstocreatedifferentshades.W:Letmeshowyouacoupleoftechniques.There’sagreatonecalledthewetonwetmethod.M:Howdoesitwork?W:It’ssomethingIlearnedinartschool.First,applyyourpaintstoawetsurface.Then,slowlymixcolorsforasmoothereffect.M:CanIfindvideoinstructionsonthis?W:etomyworkshopandyouwilllearnmanytechniques.M:Soundsgreat.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.Howdoesthewomanfeelatfirst?A.Discouraged. B.Surprised. C.Puzzled.9.Whatisthesignificanceofthegameaccordingtotheman?A.Towinfirstplace. B.Togetmoretraining. C.Toshowtheirabilities.10.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Fellowplayers. B.Coachandplayer. C.Judgeandcoach.【答案】8.A9.C10.A【解析】【原文】M:Justbecausethey’vewonthefirstsetdoesn’tmeanthey’lltakethewholematch.W:Iknow,buttheyseemwaybetterthanweare.M:No,they’renot.Youneedtostopthinkinglikethat.W:Ihaven’tbeenabletoreturnanyoftheirserves.M:Changehowyouarestandingtoreturntheirball.Tryandhittheballrightbetweenthem.Thatwilltakethembysurpriseandhopefullybounceitout.W:Okay,I’llgiveitmyall.M:We’vebeentrainingforyearstoplayinpetitivegameslikethis.It’sourchancetoshowthecrowdwhatwehave.Ourcoachhasconfidenceinus.W:You’reright.I’msorryforbeingsonegative.Ithinkit’sjustnerves.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】11.Wheremightthespeakersbe?A.Ataplayground. B.Inaclassroom. C.Inalibrary.12.Whichtypeofplaycanmakechildrencreative?A.Structuredplay. B.Freeplay. C.Indoorplay.13.Whatwillthewomandonext?A.Gohome. B.Preparedinner. C.Playwithherkids.【答案】11.A12.B13.A【解析】【原文】M:Lookatthelittleonesplayingontheswings.Ilovetoseethat.Playissoimportantforyoungchildren.W:Yes.Theylikehavingfun,don’tthey?M:Butthere’smoretoitthanfun.Playhelpschildrenlearnsocialskills,likesharingandcooperation.Italsodevelopstheirimaginationandproblemsolvingabilities.W:Isupposeitdoes.Whatkindofplayisbest?M:Differentkinds,really.Freeplay,likerunningaround,letsthemexploreandcreate.Structuredplay,likeboardgames,teachesthemhowtofollowrulesandworktowardsagoal.W:Ineverthoughtofitthatway.Iguessweshouldencouragemoreplaytime,then.M:Definitely.W:It’ssonicetalkingtoyou.Myhusbandhasjustcalledtosaydinnerisready.I’dtakethekidshome.Seeyou.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】14.Howdoesthemanusuallygettoworknow?A.Bycar. B.Bytaxi. C.Bybike.15.Whatdoweknowabouttheman?A.Heprefersbikestobuses.B.Helivesclosetothebusstops.C.Taxiscancovermostofhisneeds.16.Whatdoesthemandoonrainydays?A.Herentsacartodrive.B.Hewearswaterproofclothing.C.Hereliesoncoworkersforrides.17.Whatisthemajorreasonthemanmakesthedecision?A.Ithelpstheenvironment.B.Itisexpensivetomaintainacar.C.Itisconvenienttotakepublictransport.【答案】14.C15.B16.B17.A【解析】【原文】W:Inoticeda“ForSale”signonyourcar.Areyoureallysellingit?M:Yes.W:Why?You’vehadthatcarforyears.M:Well,Ihardlyuseitanymore.Mostdays,Ieithercycletoworkortakethebus.Iusedtodriveeverywhere,butnowIfeelitisunnecessary.W:Butisn’titmoreconvenienttohaveacar?M:Itcanbe,butI’vefoundthatpublictransportcoversmostofmyneeds.Thebusstopsnearmyhouseanddropsmeoffjustashortwalkfromwork.Plus,whenIcycle,it’squickerduringtherushhourandIgetsomeexerciseaswell.W:Whataboutwhenitrainsorifyouneedtocarryalotofstuff?M:Forrainydays,Ihaveagoodwaterproofjacketandtrousers,andthebusisalwaysanoption.Asforcarryingthings,I’vegotbagsformybike,andIcanalwaystakeataxiorrentacarforbiggertrips.It’sstillcheaperthanmaintainingacarallyearround.W:You’vereallythoughtthisthrough.Isupposenothavingacarwillreduceyourcarbonfootprinttoo.M:That’sperhapsmymainreason.Iwanttodomybitfortheenvironment.Cyclingandtakingpublictransportaremuchgreeneroptions.It’sasmallchange,buteverylittlebithelps.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】18.Whatinspiredthespeakertobeeapilot?A.Arelative’scareer. B.Asightinthesky. C.Atripabroad.19.WhydidthespeakerflytoSouthAmerica?A.Tofindanewjob.B.Totakeaflyinglesson.C.Torelaxfromwork.20.Whatdidtheairlineoffertodoforthespeaker?A.Theygavehimanewposition.B.Theyprovidedavolunteerjobforhim.C.Theyintroducedhimtoadeliverypany.【答案】18.B19.C20.A【解析】【原文】M:I’vedreamedofbeingapilotsinceIwasfive.Iwouldlookupattheskyandseethetrailsoftheplanes,likelinesofclouds.Iwasdeterminedtoflyplanesaroundtheworldoneday.IimaginedstayingingreathotelsandforeigndestinationslikeParis,NewYork,andSingapore.However,afterIgotmypilotlicense,therewerenotmanyjobsgoing.Tomakeendsmeet,Istartedflyingsmallplanesforalocaldeliveryfirm,neverleavingmyowncountry.ThoughitpaidwellandIgotlotsofexperience,Ikeptlookingforjobsthatwerebettermatchedtomychildhooddream.Ifinallygottoflyapassengerplaneunderanunexpectedcircumstance.IhaddecidedtotakeawellearnedvacationinSouthAmerica.Whileonaflight,thepilotfellill,andthecabincrewaskedifanyonehadpilotexperience.Iimmediatelyvolunteered,landingtheplanesafelyatanearbyairport.Forthebrieftime,Iwasincharge;IwasawarethatIwasresponsibleforallthepeopleonboard.Itwasagreatresponsibility.TheairlinesaidIshowedgreatbraveryandofferedmeanewjobflyingpassengerplanes,whichIhappilyaccepted.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AAsdigitalconnectivityreachesnewheightsin2025,thethirdquarter(Q3)hasseenasignificantshiftinhowcyberattacks(网络攻击)arelaunchedandtargeted.Thefollowingdata,providedbyleadingsecuritymonitors,summarizethekeytrendsfromJulytoSeptember2025.ⅠAttackVolumebyIndustry(WeeklyAverageperOrganization)Education/Research3,828attacks(Ranked1)Government/Military2,950attacksHealthcare2,800attacks(+37%growthparedtoQ2)Automotive1,900attacks(+120%growth—fastestrising)Ⅱ.The“Aisuru”Botnet(僵尸网络):ANewAIThreatThethirdquarterof2025markedtheriseof“Aisuru”,theworld’sfirstfullyAIpoweredbotnet.●Capability:Itcanautomaticallyidentifysystemweaknessesandthenlaunch“hypervolumetric”attacks(超容攻击),whichcanshutdownentirenationalnetworks.●Impact:InQ3alone,Aisuruwasresponsiblefornearly25%ofallrecordedDDoSincidents.III.RegionalDistributionofAttacks●MostTargetedRegion:Asia(accountingfor33%ofglobalincidents).●Top3TargetedCountries:No.1China;No.2Turkey;No.3Germany.IV.ExpertSafetyRemendations1.ZeroTrustPolicy:Nevertrust,alwaysbealert.Anyloginattemptmustbestrictlycheckedon.2.Passkeyadoption:Replacetraditionalpasswordswithbiometricpasskeys(fingerprint/faceID)whichcanblock80%ofautomatedcyberattackattempts.3.The“SideView”Test:Insuspiciousvideocalls,askthepersontoturnhisheadtocheckforAIgenerated“Deepfake”images.21.WhichindustryexperiencedthemostdramaticgrowthincyberattacksduringQ32025?A.Education/Research. B.Government/Military.C.Healthcare. D.Automotive.22.Whatdoesthe“Aisuru”botnetdobeforelaunchingtheattack?A.Detectsystembugs. B.Targetrandomsystems.C.UpgradeAIcapacity. D.Recordcyberincidents.23.Whatissuggestedasawaytostaysafeonline?A.Settingmoreplexpasswords. B.Blockinginingvideocalls.C.Checkingvideocallers’sideview. D.Loggingintospecificwebsites.【答案】21.D22.A23.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要讲述了2025年第三季度网络攻击的新趋势、新威胁及安全建议。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据表格中“Automotive(汽车行业)”对应的“1,900attacks(+120%growth—fastestrising)(1900次攻击（增长120%——增长最快）)”可知，汽车行业在2025年第三季度网络攻击增长最显著。故选D。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据Ⅱ中“Capability:Itcanautomaticallyidentifysystemweaknessesandthenlaunch“hypervolumetric”attacks(超容攻击),whichcanshutdownentirenationalnetworks.(功能：它能够自动检测系统漏洞，并随后发起“超容攻击”，这种攻击能够使整个国家网络瘫痪)”可知，“Aisuru”僵尸网络在发动攻击前会检测系统漏洞。故选A。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据Ⅳ中“The“SideView”Test:Insuspiciousvideocalls,askthepersontoturnhisheadtocheckforAIgenerated“Deepfake”images.(“侧视测试”：在可疑的视频通话中，让对方转头以检查是否存在人工智能生成的“深度伪造”图像)”可知，建议通过检查视频通话者的侧视来确保网络安全。故选C。BIfyouloveart,“Picasso”speaksalot.PabloPicasso(1881—1973)wasn’tjustanexceptionalpainter;hewasasculptor,printmaker,stagedesigner...Duetohisamazingskills,hebecameanoutstandingfigureinallofthesefields.OneofPicasso’samazingfeatswasrepresentingrealismandcontemporaryculturethroughart.He,alongwithGeorgesBraque,gavebirthtocubism—oneofthemostrevolutionarymovementsinmodernart,pavingthewayfornearlyallabstractartthatfollowed.Hisexplorationofartdidnotstopwithcubismashewantedtomakesomethingmoreinspirational,andthuscameinence—Collage(拼贴画).CollagewasadifferentkindofartinwhichPicassoincorporatedseveralsignsandusedsomemetaphoricaltermstogivethemaconcretemeaning.Picassoreceivedtrainingfromhisfather,whowasanartteacherandapainter.Attheageof16,Picassohadalreadylostalikingtotraditionalarttechniquesanddesiredtointroducesomethingnew.HissearchbeganwhenhejoinedtheAcademyofSanFernandoinMadrid.Heexperimentedwithdifferentstylesofartandexploredgroundslikestilllife,portraits,mythologicalscenes,andlandscapes.Hisworkwasdaringandhealwayspreferredtouseinnovativeperspective.Picassoalsoproducedsculpturesandtookaninterestintheatricalproductions.Hismostremarkableandpoliticallychargedworkwas“Guernica”,producedinresponsetotheSpanishCivilWarwhenthetownsufferedaterrifyingbombing.Tothisday,itisaclassicrepresentationofwarhorrors.OnApril8,1973,PicassopassedawayinthecityofMougins,France,leavingbehindatreasureofartthatiscelebratedstilltothisday.24.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“feats”inparagraph2mean?A.Dreams. B.Achievements. C.Discoveries. D.Inspirations.25.WhatwasthedrivingforcebehindPicasso’sartisticexploration?A.HistrainingintheAcademy. B.Hispursuitofinnovation.C.Hisadmirationforhisfather. D.Hisloyaltytotraditionalart.26.WhatwasPicasso’sintentionincreating“Guernica”?A.Toshowhisartistictalent. B.Topouroutpersonalemotionalpain.C.Torecordahistoricalevent. D.Tospeakoutagainstwartimeviolence.27.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesPicasso?A.Talentedandconsistent. B.Creativeandambitious.C.Pioneeringandallround. D.Successfulandrealistic.【答案】24.B25.B26.D27.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是毕加索的艺术成就、创新贡献及其深远影响。【24题详解】词句猜测题。根据第二段“representingrealismandcontemporaryculturethroughart(通过艺术来展现现实主义和当代文化)”和“He,alongwithGeorgesBraque,gavebirthtocubism—oneofthemostrevolutionarymovementsinmodernart,pavingthewayfornearlyallabstractartthatfollowed.(他与乔治·布拉克一起开创了立体主义——这是现代艺术中最具革命性的运动之一，为随后几乎所有的抽象艺术奠定了基础。)”可知，通过艺术来展现现实主义和当代文化是毕加索的成就之一，feats的意思是“成就”，和achievements意思相近。故选B。【25题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Attheageof16,Picassohadalreadylostalikingtotraditionalarttechniquesanddesiredtointroducesomethingnew.HissearchbeganwhenhejoinedtheAcademyofSanFernandoinMadrid.Heexperimentedwithdifferentstylesofartandexploredgroundslikestilllife,portraits,mythologicalscenes,andlandscapes.Hisworkwasdaringandhealwayspreferredtouseinnovativeperspective.(16岁时，毕加索已经不再喜欢传统的艺术技法，而是渴望引入新的元素。他的探索始于他加入马德里的圣费尔南多学院之时。他尝试了各种不同的艺术风格，并探索了诸如静物、肖像、神话场景和风景等主题。他的作品充满大胆的创新精神，而且他总是倾向于采用新颖的视角。)”可知，毕加索进行艺术探索的内在动力是他对创新的追求。故选B。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Hismostremarkableandpoliticallychargedworkwas“Guernica”,producedinresponsetotheSpanishCivilWarwhenthetownsufferedaterrifyingbombing.(他最具影响力且饱含政治意味的作品是《格尔尼卡》，这是在西班牙内战期间创作的，当时该地遭受了可怕的轰炸。)”可知，《格尔尼卡》是毕加索针对西班牙内战中格尔尼卡镇遭受可怕轰炸而创作的，且是具有政治色彩的作品，由此可推知他创作该作品是为了表达反对战争的政治观点。故选D。【27题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“Hisworkwasdaringandhealwayspreferredtouseinnovativeperspective.(他的作品充满大胆的创新精神，而且他总是倾向于采用新颖的视角。)”可知，他是开拓创新的；根据倒数第二段“Picassoalsoproducedsculpturesandtookaninterestintheatricalproductions.(毕加索还创作了雕塑作品，并对戏剧表演也颇感兴趣。)”可知，他全面发展，因此可用pioneering和allround来描述他，故选C。CRosie,athreeyearoldblacklabrador,candosomethingnohumanbeingonthisplanetwouldbecapableof.Thedogsmellsfourpotsofurine(尿液)samples,andthencorrectlypicksoutthesamplebelongingtoanNHS(NationalHealthService)patientwithbladder(膀胱)cancer.Toproveitdoesn’thappenbychance,Rosie’strainerskeepchangingtheorderofthepotsaround.Timeaftertime,thelabradorpicksoutthecancer,standingstillandstaringatthecorrectpottoshowshehasfoundit.Scientistsbelievethiscouldlaythefoundationforarevolutionincancerdetection.Butscientistshavestruggledtofindawaytoapplythisonalargescaleinrealworldmedicine;itwouldbesimplyimpracticalfortheNHStosetapackoflabradorsloosesmellingpatientsinhospitalwaitingrooms.Now,however,technologyhasprovidedasolution.DrAndreasMershin,aphysicistattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology,hascollaboratedwithMedicalDetectionDogstocreateanenose.ThismachinewasmadebyteachingAItocopyhowdogsreacttothesmellychemicalmolecules(分子)inurine.Onceitlearnsthat,themachinecan“smell”urinesamplestoo—bypickingupthosesametinymoleculesfloatingintheair.Theenoseisbeingtestedonmorethan500urinesamplesforpatientsatMiltonKeynesUniversityHospitaltoseeifitisasaccurateasthedogs.Mershinhopesitwillbeapprovedasaclinicaltoolinhospitalswithintwoyearsandsaidthatthetechnologycouldultimatelybeimplantedintosmartphones.TheteamofscientistsanddogtrainersworkcloselywithlocalNHSdoctors,whoareenthusiasticaboutthepotentialoftheenose.Theybelieveitcouldleadtononinvasive(无创的)tests,whichwouldbeparticularlytransformativeforillnesses,wherepeopleoftendelaychecksduetoembarrassmentuntiltheyexperiencedisturbingsymptoms.28.WhatcanbeinferredaboutRosie’sdetectionskill?A.Itishighlyreliable. B.Itiseasilytrained.C.Itishumandependent. D.Itisstillimmature.29.Howdoestheenosedetectcancer?A.Itobservesadog’sreaction. B.Itfollowsthewaydogssmell.C.Itreliesonarealdog’shelp. D.Itsmellsadog’surinesamples.30.Whatisthekeyadvantageoftheenoseoverthedog?A.Itsaccuracy. B.Itspracticality. C.Itssensitivity. D.Itsaffordability.31.Whatcanbeasuitabletitlefor?A.Labradors:TheBestPetsforCancerPatientsB.HowElectronicNosesAreUsedinHospitalsC.DogsLeadSciencetoLifesavingTechnologyD.MedicalDetectionDogs:ANewRoleforDogs【答案】28.A29.B30.B31.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍能检测膀胱癌的拉布拉多犬罗西，以及科学家受其启发研发电子鼻，助力癌症无创检测的相关情况。【28题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Rosie,athreeyearoldblacklabrador,candosomethingnohumanbeingonthisplanetwouldbecapableof.Thedogsmellsfourpotsofurinesamples,andthencorrectlypicksoutthesamplebelongingtoanNHSpatientwithbladdercancer.Toproveitdoesn’thappenbychance,Rosie’strainerskeepchangingtheorderofthepotsaround.Timeaftertime,thelabradorpicksoutthecancer,standingstillandstaringatthecorrectpottoshowshehasfoundit.(三岁的黑色拉布拉多犬罗西能做这个星球上任何人都做不到的事情。这只狗嗅闻四罐尿液样本，然后准确挑出属于英国国家医疗服务体系膀胱癌患者的样本。为了证明这并非偶然，罗西的训练师不断改变罐子的顺序。这只拉布拉多犬一次又一次地找出癌症样本，站着不动，盯着正确的罐子以示发现目标)”可知，罗西多次在顺序被打乱的情况下准确找出癌症样本，说明它的检测技能非常可靠。故选A项。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“ThismachinewasmadebyteachingAItocopyhowdogsreacttothesmellychemicalmoleculesinurine.Onceitlearnsthat,themachinecan“smell”urinesamplestoo—bypickingupthosesametinymoleculesfloatingintheair.(这台机器是通过训练人工智能模仿狗对尿液中气味化学分子的反应而制成的。一旦学会，这台机器也能“嗅闻”尿液样本——通过捕捉空气中漂浮的那些微小分子)”可知，电子鼻是通过模仿狗的嗅闻方式来检测癌症的。故选B项。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Butscientistshavestruggledtofindawaytoapplythisonalargescaleinrealworldmedicine;itwouldbesimplyimpracticalfortheNHStosetapackoflabradorsloosesmellingpatientsinhospitalwaitingrooms.(但科学家们一直难以找到在现实世界医学中大规模应用这一技术的方法；英国国家医疗服务体系让一群拉布拉多犬在医院候诊室里随意嗅闻患者是完全不切实际的)”和第三段中的“Now,however,technologyhasprovidedasolution.DrAndreasMershin...hascollaboratedwithMedicalDetectionDogstocreateanenose.(然而现在，技术提供了一个解决方案。麻省理工学院的物理学家安德烈亚斯·默申博士与医疗检测犬组织合作研发了一种电子鼻)”可知，狗的检测技能难以大规模应用，而电子鼻解决了这一问题，因此电子鼻相比狗的核心优势是实用性更强。故选B项。【31题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，并结合第三段中“Now,however,technologyhasprovidedasolution.DrAndreasMershin,aphysicistattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology,hascollaboratedwithMedicalDetectionDogstocreateanenose.ThismachinewasmadebyteachingAItocopyhowdogsreacttothesmellychemicalmoleculesinurine.Onceitlearnsthat,themachinecan“smell”urinesamplestoo—bypickingupthosesametinymoleculesfloatingintheair.

(然而如今，技术提供了一种解决方案。麻省理工学院的物理学家安德烈亚斯・默申博士与医疗检测犬组织合作，研发出了一种电子鼻。这台机器通过训练人工智能模仿狗对尿液中带有气味的化学分子的反应而制成。一旦学会，这台机器也能“嗅闻”尿液样本——通过捕捉空气中漂浮的相同微小分子)”可知，文章开篇介绍拉布拉多犬罗西的癌症检测能力，随后说明狗的检测方式难以大规模应用，重点讲述科学家受狗的启发研发电子鼻，助力癌症无创检测的过程。C项“狗引领科学走向救命技术”准确概括全文主旨，适合作文章标题。故选C项。DProcrastination(拖延症)isoneoftheworld’sworsttimewasters:Youhavesomuchthatyouneedtodo,butwhenitestoactuallysittingdownandgettingitdone,itseemsbasicallyimpossible.ButwhatifItoldyouthattheoppositeofprocrastination,aphenomenoncalledprecrastination,couldbejustasbad?AnewstudyconductedbyresearchersfromtheUniversityofPennsylvaniarecentlytackledthetopicofprecrastination—anditturnsoutthatitcouldbeahugeproblemformanyofus.Precrastinationreferstothedesiretodothingsimmediately,butonlytoeaseysurroundingleavingaparticulartaskundone.Iknowthatinmyownlife.Iliketogetthroughtheeasytasksonmytodolistfirst,sincetheycanbecheckedoffmorequickly,makingmefeelalotmoreacplishedintheprocess.IjustthoughtIwasprioritizing,butInowknowthatthisisanexampleofprecrastinatingtheeasytaskssothatIcouldsayIgotthemdone,whileprocrastinatingthemoreboringtasksIleftatthebottomofmylist.Thediscoveryofprecrastinationleadstoallkindsofquestionsaboutbehaviorandproductivity.Nowitseemsthatwehavetonotonlyworryaboutputtingthingsoffunnecessarily,butalsodoingthingstooquicklyorpletingeasytasksjustsothatwecangetthemdone.TheresearcherstouchedonthisintheirarticlepublishedinScientificAmerican,inwhichtheyadviseavoidingprocrastinationandprecrastinationbydeposingyourlargetasksintosmallerones.Thatway,youcangetthroughseeminglydifficulttasks,butalsoavoidslidingthroughallofthesimpleonesfirst.IknowthatI’lldefinitelybemorecarefulwhenitestohowIorganizemytodolistfromhereonout.32.Whatdoestheauthorimplyaboutprecrastinationinparagraph1?A.Itisanewwaytosavetime.B.Itisoftenmisunderstoodbypeople.C.Ithasbeenresearchedforalongtime.D.Itposesasimilarthreattoproductivity.33.Whatistheunderlyingreasonforprecrastination?A.Toimproveworkefficiency.B.Toavoidfutureworkpressure.C.Toeaseworriesabouttheundone.D.Todemonstratepersonalcapability.34.Whatcanwelearnfromthediscoveryofprecrastination?A.Itplicatesourunderstandingofefficiency.B.Productivityisheavilyinfluencedbybehavior.C.Weshouldavoidputtingthingsoffunnecessarily.D.Boremesoftaskmanagementareproblematic.35.Whatistheresearcherssuggestedsolutiontotheseissues?A.Dividingbigtasksintoparts.B.Categorizingtasksbyurgency.C.Keepingtrackoftaskprogress.D.Focusingondifficulttasksfirst.【答案】32.D33.C34.D35.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是拖延症的对立面——“提前症”（precrastination）及其对效率的影响。【32题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Procrastination(拖延症)isoneoftheworld’sworsttimewasters:Youhavesomuchthatyouneedtodo,butwhenitestoactuallysittingdownandgettingitdone,itseemsbasicallyimpossible.(拖延是世界上最为浪费时间的行为之一：你有太多的事情需要去做，但当真正坐下来着手完成时，却又似乎根本不可能做到)”和“AnewstudyconductedbyresearchersfromtheUniversityofPennsylvaniarecentlytackledthetopicofprecrastination—anditturnsoutthatitcouldbeahugeproblemformanyofus.(宾夕法尼亚大学的研究人员最近开展了一项关于“提前症”现象的研究——结果表明，这对我们许多人来说可能是一个严重的问题)”可知，作者在第一段暗示“提前症”对工作效率构成了类似的威胁。故选D。【33题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Precrastinationreferstothedesiretodothingsimmediately,butonlytoeaseysurroundingleavingaparticulartaskundone.(“提前症”指的是一种想要立即完成任务以缓解因任务未完成而产生的焦虑的冲动)”可知，“提前症”的潜在原因是为了缓解对未完成任务的担忧。故选C。【34题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Nowitseemsthatwehavetonotonlyworryaboutputtingthingsoffunnecessarily,butalsodoingthingstooquicklyorpletingeasytasksjustsothatwecangetthemdone.(现在看来，我们不仅要担心不必要的拖延，还要警惕做事过于仓促，或者只是为了完成任务而去做那些原本容易完成的任务)”可知，任务管理的两种极端情况都存在问题。故选D。【35题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“TheresearcherstouchedonthisintheirarticlepublishedinScientificAmerican,inwhichtheyadviseavoidingprocrastinationandprecrastinationbydeposingyourlargetasksintosmallerones.(研究人员在发表于《科学美国人》的这篇文章中提到了这一点，他们建议通过将大任务分解成小任务来避免拖延和提前症)”可知，研究人员针对这些问题提出的解决方案是将大任务分解成若干部分。故选A。第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Humanscanbepoorjudgesoftheirownability.____36____Psychologistshavefoundthelessexpertise(专业素养)youhaveinsomething,themorelikelyyouaretooverestimateyourpetenceinit.Andinadigitalerawhereconfidentsocialmediainfluencersgiveyou“lifetricks”(生活技巧),andfacetofaceconversationismorelimited,thispsychologicalphenomenonseemsimportanttoremember.ThisiscalledtheDunningKrugereffect,namedafterthepsychologistsDavidDunningandJustinKruger.Backinthe90s,theyfoundaconnectionbetweenaperson’slackofskillsandabilityandalackofawarenessoflackofability.Heisignoranttohisownlimitations.____37____DunningtoldBBCRadio4that,onethirdofthetime,doctorsdisagreewithpatientswhouseinternetsourcesratherthanseeamedicalprofessional.Whetherit’sjudgingjokes,logicalreasoning,orgrammar,thepatternisthesame:thelessskilledyouare,themoreoverconfidentyouare.Ontheothersideisintellectualhumility.____38____ElizabethKrumreiMancuso,ProfessorofPsychologyatPepperdineUniversity,toldtheBBCthatahigherwillingnesstoacknowledgecognitive(认知的)limitations,andtheabilitytoacceptdiverseperspectives,isconnectedwithamoreaccurateperceptionofintelligence.____39____TenellePorter,apsychologistatRowanUniversity,toldtheBBCthatknowingthis“opensusuptobeingintellectuallyhumble,toadmittingeverythingthatwedon’tyetknow”.Thisqualitycanhelpusgrowandlearnfromothers.Andcurrentstudiessuggestthatthosewithhigherintellectualhumilityaremoreopentonegotiatingandexploringinformation.____40____A.Howcanweusethisknowledgetohelpusineverydaylife?B.TheDunningKrugereffectisn’tjustlimitedtomedicalfields.C.So,youmightnotbeasgood,orasbad,asyouthinkyouare.D.Itcanalsoleadtopoordecisionmakinginourpersonallives.E.Thisplaysoutinvariousareasoflife,suchasinmedicalcases.F.Thismeanshavingamodestviewofyourownpetenceorabilities.G.Hence,weletheunknownandremember,there’salwaysmoretolearn.【答案】36.C37.E38.F39.A40.G【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍邓宁克鲁格效应并阐述理智谦逊的重要性。【36题详解】上文“Humanscanbepoorjudgesoftheirownability.(人类往往难以准确判断自己的能力)”提出人类难以准确判断自身能力这一观点，C选项“So,youmightnotbeasgood,orasbad,asyouthinkyouare.(所以，你可能并不像自己认为的那样好，也不像自己认为的那样差)”承接上文，进一步阐述由于人类难以准确判断自身能力，所以实际情况可能与自我认知有差异，符合语境。故选C。【37题详解】上文“Backinthe90s,theyfoundaconnectionbetweenaperson’slackofskillsandabilityandalackofawarenessoflackofability.Heisignoranttohisownlimitations.(早