湖南岳阳市岳阳楼区2025-2026学年高二上学期期末试卷高二英语试题

2025年下学期期末试卷高二英语时量：120分钟满分：150分本试卷由试题卷和答题卷两部分组成。试卷分四个部分，所有试题均须在答题卷上作答。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Onthebus. B.Onthetrain. C.Ontheplane.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Doyoupreferawindowormiddleseat?W:Window,forsure.Ilovewatchingtheviewduringtakeoffandlanding.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatcanhelpthewomankeeplongdistancefriendships?A.Onlinetalks. B.Regularvisits. C.Phonecalls.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Hey,Lisa.Doyoufindithardtomaintainlongdistancefriendships?W:Itcanbechallenging,butregularvirtualchatshelpkeeptheconnectionstrong.M:Iagree.Planningvisitsormakingcallscanalsomakeabigdifference.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.Havearest.B.Getnecessarymedicalhelp.C.Avoidgoingtoearthquakeareas.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Michael,I'vebeenfeelingoffbalancelately.I'mworrieditmightberelatedtotherecentearthquakes.M:It'sanormalreactionthatmayoccurafterexperiencingearthquakes.Takecareofyourselfanddon'thesitatetoseekmedicalhelpifneeded.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Howdoesthemansoundatlast?A.Interested. B.Doubtful. C.Dissatisfied.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Tom,didyouhearthatMr.Thompsoniscancelingtheexamnextweek?M:Really?Thatsoundstoogoodtobetrue.W:Well,that’swhatSarahtoldme.M:I’dtakethatwithagrainofsalt.Youknowhowfakenewsspreadsaroundhere.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Alifestyle. B.Afutureplan. C.Apetfriendlyhome.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Emily,Iheardyou'relivingtheDINKWADlifestylenow.W:Yeah,it'sgreat!Webothworkandhavenokids,justourdog.Wehavemoretimeandmoneytoenjoylife.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.Whereisthewomanprobably?A.Onthestreet. B.Inataxi. C.Inagiftshop.7.Whatdoesthewomanwantthedrivertodo?A.Mailthewallettoher.B.LeavethewalletattheMet.C.Bringthewalletonride.【答案】6.A7.C【解析】【原文】W:Hi,IjustgotdroppedoffattheMet,andIthinkIleftmywalletinthecar....I’msorrytohearthat.Letmecheckyourridedetails...AreyouMollyPrice?W:Yes,that’sme.M:OK,I’llcontactthedriverandcallyoubacksoon.W:Thankyou.(Ashorttimelater.)M:Hello,Ms.Price.Thedriverfoundyourwallet.Canwesetatimetoreturnittoyou?W:That’sgreat!I’dlikeanotherridelatersocouldhejustbringitthenandtakemetomynextdestination?M:Thatshouldwork!听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.Whatmoviearethespeakersgoingtosee?A.Anactionmovie. B.Aedy. C.Aromanticmovie.9.Whenwillthemoviestart?A.p.m.:30p.m. B.At7:30p.m. C.At8:30p.m.10.Whatwillthespeakerstalkabou?A.Wheretositinthecinema.B.Howtobookthetickets.C.Whattohavefordinner.【答案】8.B9.C10.A【解析】【原文】M:Hi,Alice.Areyoufreetojoinusforamovietonight?W:Sure,aslongaswedon’twatchactionmovies.Whataboutaromanticmovie?M:Youknowit'snotmything.I’dlovetogoforagoodlaugh.There’sanewmovieI’vebeenwantingtowatch.Wecouldcheckthatouttonight.W:OK.Whattimeshouldwemeet?M:Howabout7:30p.m.?Themoviestartsanhourlater.W:Thatworksforme.M:Great!We’realsohavingdinnerbeforethemovie.Doyouwanttojoin?W:Thatsoundsnice.Oh,anddoyouthinkweshouldbooktheticketsonline?M:Goodidea.I’llchecktheappandbookthemnow.Doyouwanttositinthemiddleorclosertotheback?W:Well...听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】11.Whatdidthewomanseeonline?A.Apopularphone. B.Acookingpetition. C.Anelderlysocialmediastar.12.Whatdoesthewomansayabouthergrandpa?A.Heoftensendsmessages. B.He'sagoodstoryteller. C.HelovesFacebook.13.WhydoesthewomanadvisehergrandpatostartaYouTubeaccount?A.Tobringhimclosertoyoungpeople.B.Tohelphimmakesomemoney.C.Tohelphimlearnnewskills.14.Whatdothespeakersplantodo?A.Spendmoretimewiththeirgrandparents.B.Helptheirgrandparentsjoinsocialmedia.C.Teachtheirgrandparentstousesmartphones.【答案】11.C12.B13.A14.B【解析】【原文】W:Tom,youwon'tbelievewhatIsawonlinetoday.There'sagrandmawho'sbeeahugesocialmediastar!She'slike,thequeenofcookinglessons.M:Oh,youmeanthosegranfluencers?It'ssocoolhowthey'resharingtheirlivesonline.Mygrandmawouldneverdothat.Shecanbarelyuseherphoneme.W:Haha,samewithmygrandpa!HestillthinksFacebookisfor"youngpeople."Healwaystellsmeinterestingstoriesabouthischildhood.IkeeptellinghimheshouldstartaYouTubeaccount,buthejustlaughs.M:He'dbegreatPeoplelovethosestories.Theyaresodifferentfromwhatyoungerinfluencerspost.W:Exactly!Plus,it'sagreatwayforhimtostayconnectedwithyoungergenerations.Ifeellikemygrandpasometimesfeelsleftoutwhenwe'reallonourphones.M:Maybeweshouldhelpthemgetstarted.Let'sdoit!Whoknows,maybethey'llevenbeepopular.W:Deal!I'lltalktomygrandpathisweekend.Let'smakethemstars!听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】15.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Shopassistantandcustomer. B.Husbandandwife. C.Bossandsecretary.16.Whyhasthewomandresseduptoday?A.Foraconcert. B.Forameeting. C.Foraparty.17.Whatdoesthewomandecidetodointheend?A.Makeacall. B.Buyadress. C.Tryanothersize.【答案】15.A16.C17.B【解析】【原文】M:Hi!HowcanIassistyoutoday?W:I’mjustheretolookaroundatsomeclothes.M:Well,you’veeattherighttime!We’vejustgotalotofnewclothes.W:Hmm,Iusuallyspendmostofmytimeatworkorinmeetings,soItendtowearjeansandskirts.Buttoday,I’veactuallydressedupandputonsomemakeupbecauseI’vebeeninvitedtoaparty.Theproblemis,Idon’tthinkmycurrentclothesarereallysuitablefortheoccasion.I’dliketobuyanewdress.MaybesomethingIcouldalsoweartoaconcertlateron.M:Iunderstand.Whatdoyouthinkofthiswhiteone?W:Okay,I’dliketotryiton...M:Itlooksfantasticonyou!Whatdoyouthink?Doesthesizefityouwell?W:Yes,itfitsperfectly.IthinkI’lltakeit.M:Great!Letmeringitupforyou.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】18.Whatisthespeakerprobably?A.Ascientist. B.Ateacher. C.Astudent.19.Whatisthespeakerinterestedin?A.Cleanenergy. B.Batterytechnology. C.Cardesign.20.Whatdidthespeakerfindaboutthesolarcar?A.Itwasfasterthanthebatterycar.B.Itranlongerinsunnyconditions.C.Itwasmorereliableondifferentroads.【答案】18.C19.A20.B【解析】【原文】Goodmorning,honorablejudgesandteachers.Iamexcitedtohavetheopportunitytopresentmysciencefairprojecttoyoutoday.Thankyoufortakingthetimetolisten.Forthisyear'ssciencefair,Icreatedanewproject.Myprojectfocusedonsolarpowerandhowitcanbeusedindailylife,becauseIamveryinterestedinfindingwaystousecleanandenvironmentallyfriendlypower.Tostudythat,Ibuiltasmallsolarpoweredcarandtesteditsperformanceparedtoaregularbatterypoweredcar.Then,Itestedbothcarsindifferentweatherconditionstoseehowwelltheyworked.Afterseveraltests,Ifoundthatthesolarcarwasabletorunforlongerperiodswhenitwassunny,butthebatterypoweredcarwasmorereliableoncloudydays.Throughthisproject,Ilearnedalotabouttheimportanceofcleanenergyandgotinspiredtocontinueexploringcleanenergysolutionsinthefuture.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AScienceWebsitesforKidsBrainPOPMadeupofacollectionofeducationalwebsites,BrainPOPisaonestopsiteformorethan1,000animated(动画的)videoscoveringscienceandothersubjects.Alongwithentertainingmovies,BrainPOPalsooffersquizzesandotherhelpfulresources.Contentisseparatedintotwomaingradelevelgroups:K3and38+.Thecontentiseasilyaccessibleandtailoredtotheindividualneedsofachild.Thiswebsiteisidealforyoungerchildrenandspecializesinhelpingchildrenconnectdeeplywithscience!ExploratoriumSituatedinSanFrancisco,theExploratoriumisamuseumofscience,technologyandarts.Italsohasaprettycoolwebsite,too!Offeringlivestreamevents(直播活动),workshopsandvideosonmanydifferenttopics,theExploratoriumwebsiteisagreatresourceasapubliclearninglaboratory.Whetheryouwanttovisitinpersonorvirtually,theExploratoriumopensitsdoorsforeveryonetoconnect,learnandgrow!PhETInteractiveSimulations(交互模拟)Whenlearningscience,technology,engineering,arts,andmath(STEAM),itcanbesuperhelpfultohavevisualaids.Specializingininteractivesimulationsforscienceandmath,thePhETInteractiveSimulationsisaparticularlypowerfulwayforvisuallearnerstograspplexconcepts.Thesimulationsarebasedonextensive(广泛的)researchthatresultsinagamelikeexperience.Withnearly160interactivesimulations,PhEToffersfreescienceandmathsimulationstomakeitfun&easytolearn!ProjectNoahWiththehelpofover1.5millionwildlifephotos,themunityhascontributedmorethan825,000wildlifesightingsand350,000naturejournalsin196countries.Thisinteractionprovidesanicebalanceofsharingandlearning!Alongwithofferingaplatformdevotedtoallthingsnature,ProjectNoahalsoprovidesopportunitiestoconnectwithlikemindedindividualsonthewebsite.21.Whatdothefirsttwowebsiteshaveinmon?A.Theyofferlivestreamevents. B.Theyareaccessibletopeopleofallages.C.Theycanbevisitedeitherinpersonorvirtually. D.Theyprovidevideosonavarietyoftopics.22.HowdoesPhETInteractiveSimulationshelpkids?A.Bymakingplexconceptseasytounderstand.B.Byallowingthemtodesigninteractivesimulations.C.Byprovidingthemwithfreedownloadablematerials.D.Byreducingtheirvisualstressthroughgamelikeexperiences.23.Whichofthefollowingwebsitesshouldyouturntoifyouareanaturelover?A.BrainPOP. B.Exploratorium.C.ProjectNoah. D.PhETInteractiveSimulations.【答案】21.D22.A23.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个适合儿童的科学网站：BrainPOP、Exploratorium、PhET交互模拟和ProjectNoah，各有特色视频、实验、互动工具与自然平台，助力孩子趣味学习科学。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据BrainPOP部分“Madeupofacollectionofeducationalwebsites,BrainPOPisaonestopsiteformorethan1,000animated(动画的)videoscoveringscienceandothersubjects.(BrainPOP是由一系列教育网站组成的综合性平台，它提供了超过1000个涵盖科学及其他学科的动画视频，是一个集多种资源于一体的优质学习网站)”以及Exploratorium部分“Offeringlivestreamevents(直播活动),workshopsandvideosonmanydifferenttopics,theExploratoriumwebsiteisagreatresourceasapubliclearninglaboratory.(该探索馆网站提供了众多不同主题的直播活动、工作坊和视频内容，是一个非常出色的公共学习实验室资源平台)”可知，都提供关于各种主题的视频。故选D。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据PhETInteractiveSimulations(交互模拟)部分“Specializingininteractivesimulationsforscienceandmath,thePhETInteractiveSimulationsisaparticularlypowerfulwayforvisuallearnerstograspplexconcepts.(PhET互动模拟系统专注于为科学和数学领域开发互动模拟内容，对于视觉型学习者而言，这是一种非常有效的理解复杂概念的方式)”可知，PhET互动模拟软件通过将复杂的概念变得易于理解帮助孩子们。故选A。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据ProjectNoah部分“Alongwithofferingaplatformdevotedtoallthingsnature,ProjectNoahalsoprovidesopportunitiestoconnectwithlikemindedindividualsonthewebsite.(除了提供一个专门用于展示与自然相关的一切内容的平台之外，诺亚项目还为用户提供了在网站上与志同道合者建立联系的机会)”可知，如果你是热爱自然的人，你应该访问诺亚计划网站。故选C。BSeveralyearsago,Iexperienceddailymigraines(偏头痛)thatmademewanttobangmyheadagainstabrickwall.Iwasdesperate(急迫的)tofindacure.Despitetryingdifferentsolutions,nothingworked.Inmyhopelessness,myfathersuggestedacupuncture,atreatmenthehadexperiencedinHongKong.Ithadsuccessfullyrelievedhislowerbackpainwhenothertherapiesandmedicineshadfailed.WithlimitedexposuretotraditionalChinesemedicine,Idecidedtogiveacupunctureatry.Withnoparticularexpectations,Ifoundmyselfintheofficeofamiddleagedwoman,surroundedbyChineseherbalmedicines.Afterexplainingmyissue,sheplacedthreefingersonmywristtofeelmyheartbeat.Iwasthenguidedtoaroomandtoldtoliedown.Soon,shetookouttheneedles,whichmademesomewhatuneasyassuchobjectstypicallymakemeunfortable.Myinitialexperiencewithacupuncturewasquitesurprising.Toaddressmyheadache,thetreatmentbeganonthebackofmyhand,farfrommyhead.Asthedoctorgentlyhandledtheneedles,Igotthefeelingthatsomethingwasflowingthroughmyentirebody.Thedoctorthencontinuedtotapandmovemoreneedlesacrossmybody.Theelectricitywasturnedon,andthedoctorlefttheroom.Whilelyingstill,Icouldsensetheelectricityflowingthroughoutme.Aroundthefiveminutemark,thedoctorreturnedandadjustedtheelectricitylevel.Amomentlater,beforeIknewit,sheturnedofftheelectricityandremovedtheneedles,markinganendtothe30minuteprocess.Shethengavemesomeherbalmedicinetodrinkforfivedays.Ireturnedtothedoctorforatotalof10sessions,andeachtimethesameroutinewasrepeatedandthesameherbalmedicinewasgiven.Thetruebenefitsoftheacupuncturetreatmentbecameclear.Iremainedfreeofheadachesfortwoyears.Inowadvocateacupuncture.Ifyou’veexperiencedsimilarconditions,Ihighlyremendtryingit.24.Whatledtheauthortotryacupunctureforhermigraines?A.Afriend’ssuggestion. B.Disappointmentwithothertreatments.C.Anacupunctureadshecameacross. D.HerbeliefintraditionalChinesemedicine.25.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“uneasy”inparagraph3mean?A.Relaxed. B.Annoyed. C.Anxious. D.Restless.26.Whatdoweknowabouttheauthor’sfirstacupuncturetreatment?A.Thetreatmentlastedforonlyfiveminutes.B.Herbalmedicineswereusedbeforethetreatment.C.Frequentadjustmentsweremadetotheneedles.D.Theelectricitylevelwaschangedduringthetreatment.27.Howdoestheauthorcurrentlyfeelaboutacupuncture?A.Uninterested. B.Neutral. C.Satisfied. D.Doubtful.【答案】24.B25.C26.D27.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者多年偏头痛久治无效，在父亲建议下尝试针灸，初次体验特别，经十次治疗后头痛痊愈，如今十分认可并推荐针灸。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Despitetryingdifferentsolutions,nothingworked.(尽管尝试了各种方法，但都没有效果)”以及第二段“Inmyhopelessness,myfathersuggestedacupuncture,atreatmenthehadexperiencedinHongKong.(在我绝望之际，父亲提议试试针灸疗法，那是他在香港时曾使用过的一种治疗方法)”可知，促使作者尝试针灸来治疗偏头痛的原因是对其他治疗方法的失望。故选B。【25题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Soon,shetookouttheneedles,whichmademesomewhat(很快，她拿出了那些针，这让我有些……)”以及下文“assuchobjectstypicallymakemeunfortable(因为这类东西通常会让我感到不自在)”可知，对方拿出了针，这让作者感到不安起来。故划线词意思是“不安、焦虑”。故选C。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Aroundthefiveminutemark,thedoctorreturnedandadjustedtheelectricitylevel.(大约在五分钟后，医生回来了，并调整了电流强度)”可知，作者第一次接受针灸治疗，治疗过程中电疗的强度有所变化。故选D。【27题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Iremainedfreeofheadachesfortwoyears.Inowadvocateacupuncture.Ifyou’veexperiencedsimilarconditions,Ihighlyremendtryingit.(我两年都没有再出现头痛的症状了。现在我提倡使用针灸疗法。如果你也有过类似的情况，我强烈建议你试试看)”可知，作者目前对针灸感到满意。故选C。CCitiesacrosstheglobearetakingdifferentpathsinsmartgovernance.OneexampleisthedevelopmentoftheUrbanBraininBeijing’sHaidiandistrictsince2018.Recently,thedistrictimplementedJiuzhou,alargedatamodel,toenhancetheUrbanBrain.TheUrbanBrainusesartificialintelligence(AI)toquicklyanalyzedataandfindcitizens’mostsignificantconcerns.Itgeneratessolutionswithinminutes,makingurbangovernancemoreintelligent.DuringalivedemonstrationoftheUrbanBrain,thedatamodelidentifiedthetopthreestreetswiththehighestresolutionrates(解决率)ofnoisepollutioninearlyAugust2023,whenaskedtomakealistofthem.Itcanalsoofferbetterremendationsforaddressingtheissue.Intermsofenvironmentalsustainability(可持续性),themanagementofairandwaterwiththeUrbanBrainisalsoongoing.With198fixedmonitoringdevicesandfivemobileairqualitymonitors,airqualityisanalyzedinrealtime,aidinginaddressingenvironmentalissuesandachievingpositiveresults.Citiesworldwideareatdifferentstagesofsmarttechnologydevelopmentandimplementation.Singaporeisafrontrunner(领先者)increatingfullysmartgovernance,utilizingInternetofThings(IoT)enabledcamerastomonitorpublicspacecleanlinessandsystemsforrealtimemonitoringofenergyuse,wastemanagementandwateruse.SanDiegoinCalifornia,US,hasused3,200smartsensorsforimprovingtrafficflow,parking,publicsafetyandenvironmentalawareness.Dubai,intheUnitedArabEmirates,usessmartcitytechnologyfortrafficrouting,parking,infrastructure(基础设施)planning,transportation,smarthealthcare,smartbuildings,educationandtourism.Smartgovernanceaimstoimprovecityfunctions,boosteconomicgrowthandenhancecitizens’qualityoflifethroughsmarttechnologiesanddataanalysis.The“UrbanBrain”ismakingcitymanagementmoreefficient.28.WhatisthepurposeofimplementingtheUrbanBraininBeijing’sHaidiandistrict?A.Toenhanceurbangovernance. B.Topurifythecity’sairandwater.C.Tomonitorpublicspacecleanliness. D.Toprovidethegovernmentwithadatamodel.29.HowdoestheauthordescribetheadvantagesoftheUrbanBrain?A.Bygivingexamples. B.Byquotingitsdesigners.C.Bypresentingdifferentviews. D.Bydescribingpersonalexperiences.30.Whatcanweinferaboutcitiesmentionedinthepassage?A.Theypetewitheachotherindevelopingsmartgovernance.B.Theyfacesimilarchallengesinnoisepollutionandtrafficmanagement.C.Theyadoptdifferenttechnologicalapproachesbasedontheirneeds.D.Theyallusethe“UrbanBrain”systemtoimprovecityfunctions.31.Whatisthemaintopicofthepassage?A.EnvironmentalsustainabilityinglobalcitiesB.DifferentsmartgovernancesystemsworldwideC.ThedevelopmentofAIinBeijing’sHaidiandistrictD.Howtechnologyimprovesurbanlifethroughsmartgovernance【答案】28.A29.A30.C31.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了北京海淀“城市大脑”借助AI提升治理效率，全球多地推进智慧治理，文章还介绍其目标与所需条件，旨在改善城市生活。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“TheUrbanBrainusesartificialintelligence(AI)toquicklyanalyzedataandfindcitizens’mostsignificantconcerns.Itgeneratessolutionswithinminutes,makingurbangovernancemoreintelligent.(“城市大脑”利用人工智能技术对数据进行快速分析，并找出市民最为关注的问题。它能在短时间内生成解决方案，从而使城市治理更加智能化)”可知，在北京的海淀区实施“城市大脑”项目的目的是旨在加强城市治理。故选A。【29题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“DuringalivedemonstrationoftheUrbanBrain,thedatamodelidentifiedthetopthreestreetswiththehighestresolutionrates(解决率)ofnoisepollutioninearlyAugust2023,whenaskedtomakealistofthem.Itcanalsoofferbetterremendationsforaddressingtheissue.(在“城市大脑”的现场演示中，当被要求列出噪音污染解决率最高的前三条街道时，该数据模型于2023年8月初给出了这三个街道的名称。此外，它还能为解决这一问题提供更优的建议)”以及第四段“Intermsofenvironmentalsustainability(持续性),themanagementofairandwaterwiththeUrbanBrainisalsoongoing.With198fixedmonitoringdevicesandfivemobileairqualitymonitors,airqualityisanalyzedinrealtime,aidinginaddressingenvironmentalissuesandachievingpositiveresults.(在环境可持续性方面，利用“城市大脑”对空气和水的管理工作也在持续进行中。该系统配备了198个固定监测设备和5个移动空气质量监测器，能够实时分析空气质量，有助于解决环境问题并取得积极成效)”可知，第三段通过噪声污染解决演示说明其精准性，第四段以环境监测案例说明可持续性贡献，作者通过举例说明描述“城市大脑”所具有的优势。故选A。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Citiesacrosstheglobearetakingdifferentpathsinsmartgovernance.(全球各地的城市在智慧治理方面采取了不同的策略)”以及第五段“Citiesworldwideareatdifferentstagesofsmarttechnologydevelopmentandimplementation.(世界各地的城市在智能技术的发展和应用方面所处的阶段各不相同)”可知，这些城市会根据自身需求采用不同的技术手段。故选C。【31题详解】主旨大意题。根据倒数第二段“Smartgovernanceaimstoimprovecityfunctions,boosteconomicgrowthandenhancecitizens’qualityoflifethroughsmarttechnologiesanddataanalysis.(智慧治理旨在通过智能技术与数据分析来提升城市功能、促进经济增长并提高市民的生活质量)”以及文章主要说明了北京海淀“城市大脑”借助AI提升治理效率，全球多地推进智慧治理，文章还介绍其目标与所需条件，旨在改善城市生活。可知，这篇文章的主要主题是技术如何通过智能治理手段改善城市生活。故选D。DLessthan2,000lightyearsawayfromEarth,anewblackholewithamass33timesgreaterthanthatofoursunwasspottedrecently.Thoughtheblackhole,namedGaiaBH3,isthesecondclosestknowntoourhomeplanet,itgivesoutlittledetectableradiationandhadthereforegoneundetected.“It’sapletesurprise,”saysPasqualePanuzzo,thestudy’sleadauthorandanastronomerattheObservatorydeParis.Locatedintheconstellation(星座)AquilatheEagle,GaiaBH3wasuncoveredbychanceinamassofdataandobservationscollectedbyEuropeanSpaceAgency(ESA)astronomers.Astheteamreviewedfindingsfromtheagency’sGaiamission,whichisbuildinga3Dmapofourgalaxy(星系),somethingunusualcaughttheirattention:astrangestarsome1,926lightyearsaway.Theobject’scuriousmotionindicatedthatalargeblackholenearbyhadlockeditintoanorbit.Toprovetheirfinding,theteamofastronomersandgroundoperatorsusedtheEuropeanSouthernObservatory’sVeryLargeTelescope,locatedinChile,toconfirmGaiaBH3’smass.Infindingspublishedinthejournalastronomy&Astrophysics,theysharedthattheunusualstarorbitstheblackholeevery11.6years.AndGaiaBH3isatypeofblackholecausedbythecollapseofastar,knownasastellar(恒星的)blackhole—andit’sthelargestofthistypediscoveredinourgalaxy.TheaveragesizeofstellarblackholesintheMilkyWayisabouttentimesthemassofthesun,withthepreviousrecordholder,calledCygnusX1,being21timesthemassofthesun.Still,intermsofthevastquantityofblackholes,the33solarmassGaiaBH3isrelativelysmall.Forinstance,SagittariusA,thesupermassiveblackholeinthecenteroftheMilkyWay,hasamassfourmilliontimeslargerthanthatofthesun.GaiaBH3isthesecondclosestblackholetoEarth,behindonlyGaiaBH1,whichis1,500lightyearsawayandtentimesthemassofthesun.Thediscoveryissignificant,asitprovidesastronomerswithcluestobetterunderstandhowthedeathsofancientstarsgaverisetostellarblackholes.32.WhatcanbeinferredaboutGaiaBH3?A.ItisfamiliartoPasquale. B.Itistoofartobedetected.C.Itisaninactiveblackhole. D.Itisalmost2,000yearsold.33.Whatdoesparagraph2focuson?A.ThediscoveryofGaiaBH3. B.ThegoaloftheGaiamission.C.TheimpactofGaiaBH3. D.ThemotionofGaiaBH3.34.Whichofthefollowinghasthelargestmass?A.GaiaBH1. B.CygnusX1. C.GaiaBH3. D.SagittariusA.35.Whatisthemainpurposeof?A.Toexplaintheplexityofgalaxies.B.Toreportanastronomicalphenomenon.C.Toeducatereaderstohaveaninquiringmind.D.Toinstructastronomershowtofindablackhole.【答案】32.C33.A34.D35.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了科学家发现的盖亚BH3(GaiaBH3)黑洞，包括其位置、质量、发现过程以及此次发现的重要意义。【32题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段第二句“Thoughtheblackhole,namedGaiaBH3,isthesecondclosestknowntoourhomeplanet,itgivesoutlittledetectableradiationandhadthereforegoneundetected.(尽管这个名为盖亚BH3的黑洞是已知距离地球第二近的黑洞，但它释放出极少可探测到的辐射，因此一直未被发现。)”可知，盖亚BH3(GaiaBH3)之所以长期未被发现，是因为它释放的辐射极少，难以被探测到，由此可推知，这是一个不活跃的黑洞。故选C项。【33题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段第一句“LocatedintheconstellationAquilatheEagle,GaiaBH3wasuncoveredbychanceinamassofdataandobservationscollectedbyEuropeanSpaceAgencyastronomers.(盖亚BH3位于天鹰座，是欧洲航天局的天文学家在一大批数据和观测结果中偶然发现的。)”以及后文对该发现过程的具体描述可知，本段主要讲述了盖亚BH3是如何被发现的。故选A项。【34题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“TheaveragesizeofstellarblackholesintheMilkyWayisabouttentimesthemassofthesun,withthepreviousrecordholder,calledCygnusX1,being21timesthemassofthesun.Still,intermsofthevastquantityofblackholes,the33solarmassGaiaBH3isrelativelysmall.Forinstance,SagittariusA,thesupermassiveblackholeinthecenteroftheMilkyWay,hasamassfourmilliontimeslargerthanthatofthesun.GaiaBH3isthesecondclosestblackholetoEarth,behindonlyGaiaBH1,whichis1,500lightyearsawayandtentimesthemassofthesun.(银河系中恒星级黑洞的平均质量约为太阳的10倍，此前的纪录保持者名为天鹅座X1，其质量是太阳的21倍。不过，从黑洞的庞大体量来看，这个质量相当于33个太阳的盖亚BH3黑洞仍然相对较小。例如，位于银河系中心的超大质量黑洞人马座A，其质量是太阳的四百万倍。盖亚BH3是距离地球第二近的黑洞，仅次于距离地球1500光年、质量为太阳10倍的盖亚BH1。)”可知，盖亚BH1(GaiaBH1)质量是太阳的10倍；天鹅座X1(CygnusX1)质量是太阳的21倍；盖亚BH3(GaiaBH3)质量是太阳的33倍；人马座A(SagittariusA)质量是太阳的400万倍，质量最大。故选D项。【35题详解】推理判断题。通读全文可知，第一段引出新发现的黑洞盖亚BH3，第二段介绍其发现过程，第三段介绍科学家如何证实其质量及该黑洞的类型，第四段将其与其他黑洞进行对比，最后一段点明此次发现的重要意义。整篇文章围绕“发现新黑洞”这一核心事件展开，旨在向读者报道这一天文现象。故选B项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分。共12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HowWeatherAffectsOurMoodTheweathersuppliesmanymetaphors(隐喻)forourchangeableminds.Moodscanbrightenanddarken,futurescanbeunderacloud,andrelationshipscanbestormy.___36___,butdoesitalsoinfluenceourmoods?Ofthemanyaspectsofweather,sunshineisthemostcloselytiedtomood.Althoughthelinkisweakerthanmanypeopleimagine,sunlighthasrepeatedlybeenfoundtoincreasepositivemoodsandreducetiredness.____37____.Happypeopletendtobemorefavorabletowardoneanother,andpeoplearemorehelpfulwhenthesunisshining.OnestudyevenfoundthatdinersinMinnesota,US,tippedmoregenerouslyonsunnydays.____38____.Astudyshowedthatuniversityadmissionsofficersstressedtheacademicqualificationsofapplicantsmoreoncloudydays,andtheirnonacademicqualitiesmoreonsunnyones.____39____.Themoreitdeparts(偏离)fromanidealofaround20C,themoredisfortwefeel.Onestudyfoundthatratesofhelpingothersdecreasedastemperaturesdroppedbeloworroseabovethisvalue.Indeed,theeffectsofweatheronmooddependonourbehaviorandonhowwethink.___40___.AstudybyUSpsychologyresearcherMatthewKellerandhiscolleaguesshowedthatbeneficialeffectsofwarmandsunnyconditionsonmoodwereonlyseeninpeoplewhohadspentmorethan30minutesoutdoorsthatday.Goodweatherevenhadnegativeeffectsonmoodforpeopleconfined(限制)indoors,whoperhapslookedenviously(嫉妒地)outsideatthesolarfuntheyweremissing.A.Similarly,greyweathermayencourageseriousandcalmthinkingB.AspectsofweatherbeyondheatandsunshinehavealsobeenshowntoaffectmoodC.WeatherprovidesavividlanguagefordescribingouremotionalatmosphereDTemperaturecanalsoaffectourmindandbehaviorE.ButtheeffectsofweatheronmoodarenotentirelybiologicalF.AnythingthatchangesourmoodscanaffectourbehaviorG.Basically,weatherwillonlyinfluenceusifweareoutdoorsexperiencingit【答案】36.C37.F38.A39.D40.G【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了天气对人们情绪的影响。【36题详解】根据上文“Theweathersuppliesmanymetaphors(隐喻)forourchangeableminds.Moodscanbrightenanddarken,futurescanbeunderacloud,andrelationshipscanbestormy.(天气为我们多变的思想提供了许多隐喻。情绪有明有暗，未来可能阴云密布，人际关系也可能风雨飘摇)”举了一些使用描写天气的表达来描述我们情感的例子，C选项“天气为描述我们的情感氛围提供了