2026年辽宁省大连市初中学业水平考试模拟考试（一）英语试题 含答案

/2026年大连市初中学业水平考试模拟考试（一）英语试卷（本试卷共45小题满分90分考试时长90分钟）注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分选择题（共50分）一、阅读理解（共20小题，每小题2分；满分40分）第一节阅读下面语言材料，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AHospitalCharityEventHelpussupportahospitalcharity!Ourschoolissupportingahospitalcharityforthepeoplewhocannotaffordhygiene(卫生)products.DonationTime:May15th-May30th,2026DonationPackage:Thereshouldbefourthingsinapackage(包裹)wewouldlikeyoutobringin:arolloftoiletpaperabarofsoapaboxofcleaningwipesaboxoftissuesYoucanbringmorepackagesifyouwish.Reward(奖励)Rules:Eachpackagewillberewardedwithonecredit(积分).Allcreditswillbeaddedupforeachclass.Theclasswiththemostcreditswillwinaclassparty.WinnerAnnouncement(宣布):June2nd,2026Joinus!Smallactsofkindnessmakebigchanges!1.Whenwillthedonationstart?A.OnMay15th. B.OnMay20th. C.OnMay30th. D.OnJune2nd.2.Adonationpackageshouldhave________.a.arolloftoiletpaperb.abarofsoapc.aboxofcleaningwipesd.aboxoftissuesA.a B.ab C.bcd D.abcd3.IfLucydonatesthreepackages,shewillberewardedwith________.A.threecredits B.aclassparty C.aschoolbag D.hygieneproducts4.Wecanmostprobablyreadthetextfrom________.A.astudent’sdiary B.astorybook C.aschoolnoticeboard D.ahealthreport【正确答案】1.A2.D3.A4.C【导语】本文是一篇应用文。介绍了学校为医院慈善机构组织的卫生用品捐赠活动的时间、物品要求、奖励规则等信息。【1题详解】文章捐赠信息部分“DonationTime:May15th-May30th,2026”指出，捐赠活动在5月15日开始。【2题详解】文章捐赠物品部分“arolloftoiletpaper”、“abarofsoap”、“aboxofcleaningwipes”和“aboxoftissues”指出，一个捐赠包裹应包含这四样物品。【3题详解】文章奖励规则部分“Eachpackagewillberewardedwithonecredit”指出，露西捐赠三个包裹可以获得三个积分。【4题详解】文章内容是学校组织的慈善捐赠通知，最有可能在学校公告栏看到。BAreyoutiredofdoingchores?Imaginealifewithoutwashingclothesorcarryingheavybags.ThatlifeisherewithNEO,asmarthousekeeper.NEOisthefirst“humanoid(类人的)”robotforhomeuse.NEOismadetofitintoyourhouse.Itlooksjustlikeahuman—itstands1.6meterstallandisshapedlikeaperson.Itcanworkwithyoulikeafriend.NEOissmartandhelpful.Itcancleansurfacesanddomostofthehousework.Itcanevenmakesimpleconversationswithguestsatthedoor.NEOusesAItounderstandvoicecommands(指令).Youcanalsoschedule(安排)itstasksthroughanapp.Therobotweighsonly30kilograms.Althoughit’slight,itisverystrong.Itcanliftitemsupto70kilogramswhenitstandsstill.Whilewalking,itcaneasilycarry25kilograms.Youmightthinksuchastrongmachinewouldbeloud.ButNEOisdifferent.Itmakesonly22decibels(分贝)ofsound.Thisisasquietasafridge.Ithasasoftbodyandsmartsensors(传感器),soyoucantrustitwithchildrenandpets.Ofcourse,suchsmarttechnologyisexpensive.Thepriceisnow$20,000.However,userscanchoosetopay$499eachmonth.TherobotwillenterthemarketintheU.S.in2026.Althoughthepriceishigh,thisinventioncouldchangelivesfortheelderlyorbusyfamilies.Itisabigsteptowardasmarter,easierworld.5.WhatisNEOmadefor?A.Officework. B.Homeuse. C.Schoolteaching. D.Shopservice.6.Accordingtothetext,howcanpeopleuseNEO?A.Throughbodylanguage. B.Bytouchingitssoftbodyandsensors.C.Byputtinganoteonthedoor. D.Throughvoicecommandsoranapp.7.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutNEO?A.Itislightbutstrong. B.Itmakesnosound.C.It’sunsafeforchildren. D.Itcostsverylittle.8.What’sthewriter’spurposeinwritingthetext?A.TointroduceNEO—ahousekeeperofthefuture.B.TotellpeopleNEOmayreplacetheirjobs.C.TocallonmorepeopletodevelopNEO.D.TosuggestpeopleuseNEOwisely.【正确答案】5.B6.D7.A8.A【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了家用类人机器人NEO的外形、能力、特点、价格及对未来生活的意义。【5题详解】文章第一段第三句、第四句“ThatlifeisherewithNEO,asmarthousekeeper.NEOisthefirst‘humanoid’robotforhomeuse.”指出，NEO是为家庭使用而制造的。【6题详解】文章第二段最后两句“NEOusesAItounderstandvoicecommands.Youcanalsoscheduleitstasksthroughanapp.”指出，人们可以通过语音指令或应用程序使用NEO。【7题详解】文章第三段第一句、第二句“Therobotweighsonly30kilograms.Althoughit’slight,itisverystrong.”指出，NEO很轻但很强壮。【8题详解】文章全文介绍了NEO这一家用智能机器人的外观、功能、使用方法、噪音水平、价格及市场前景，目的是向读者介绍这一未来的家务助手。CItwasgettingdark,andDadhadn’tcomehomeyet.Hespentalldaycleaningpools.Dadoncetoldmecleaningpoolsfeltlikedoingmagic.Itwaslikebeingamagician,turningthewaterfromcloudytoclear.Recently,though,itdidn’tseemlikeDadsawalotofmagicanywhere.Oneday,hecamehomeandtoldushehadlostmanycustomersbecauseoftheeconomic(经济上的)downturn.Icouldtellhewasworriedwhenhecamehomeeachnight.Yesterday,mybrotherandIwereplayingbasketball.Then,Dad’soldcararrived.Itwasearlierthanusual.“Hey,guys!”Dadsaidashegotout.Hecouldn’thidetheworryinhiseyes.“Wanttoshootafewhoops,Dad?”Iasked,knowinghowmuchhelovedbasketballandthinkingmaybeitmightcheerhimup.“Sure,”hesaid,openinghiseyesandsmilingaweary(疲惫的)smile.Mybrotherpassedtheballtohim,andDadcaughtit.Hethrewtheballtowardthebasket.Itlookedfunny.Eachtimeheheldtheballinbothhandsbetweenhisknees,benthislegsslightly,andlookedupatthebasket.Itlookedlikehewasachickengettingreadytolayanegg.Thenheswung(摆动)theballforwardandbackbeforedroppingstraightintothebasket.“Whoa,whatashot(投篮)!”Dadsaid.Hedidalittlevictorydance,andsmiledinawaythatIhadn’tseeninalongtime.ItwasnicetoseeDadsmilingagain,asifthetimehespentshootingbasketswithusbroughtbackhisabilitytolaughalittle.Whenhewashappy,itfeltlikeeverythingfitintoplace.9.WhatproblemdidDadmeetrecently?A.Hisoldcarbrokedown. B.Helostinterestincleaningpools.C.Hisbusinesswasnotdoingwell. D.Hecouldn’timprovecleaningskills.10.ThewriteraskedDadtoshootafewhoopsbecause________.A.hewantedDadtokeepfit B.heknewDadlovedbasketballC.hehopedtopracticebasketballwithDad D.helikedwatchingDad’sfunnymovements11.HowdidDadfeelafterhemadetheshot?A.Shy. B.Nervous. C.Tired. D.Relaxed.12.Whatdoesthestorymainlytellus?A.Fathersshouldsetagoodexampletochildren.B.Familycarecancheeruppeopleintrouble.C.It’sbetternottoshareworrieswithfamily.D.Truehappinesscomesfromdoingsports.【正确答案】9.C10.B11.D12.B【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了爸爸因生意不佳心情低落，作者邀请他一起打篮球，让爸爸重新找回笑容的温暖故事。【9题详解】文章第二段第四句“Oneday,hecamehomeandtoldushehadlostmanycustomersbecauseoftheeconomicdownturn.”指出，爸爸最近遇到的问题是生意不好。【10题详解】文章第五段“‘Wanttoshootafewhoops,Dad?’Iasked,knowinghowmuchhelovedbasketballandthinkingmaybeitmightcheerhimup.”指出，作者邀请父亲投篮是因为他知道父亲热爱篮球，并希望这能让他高兴起来。【11题详解】文章第七段最后两句“‘Whoa,whatashot!’Dadsaid.Hedidalittlevictorydance,andsmiledinawaythatIhadn’tseeninalongtime.”指出，爸爸投进球后感到放松、开心。【12题详解】全文讲述了父亲因生意困难而忧虑，儿子通过陪伴父亲做他喜欢的事情（打篮球），让父亲重新露出笑容。故事主要告诉我们家人的关爱可以让身处困境的人振作起来。D①Toflyhighintoce,Chineseastronautsarepracticingtheirskillsbygoingunderground.②Thispastwinter,acaveinthemountainsofWulongdistrict,Chongqing,heldChina’sfirstastronautcave-trainingprogram,reportedXinhua.Theastronautswereputintofourgroups.Eachgroupstayedinthecaveforsixdaysandfivenights,workingontaskslikescientificresearchandlifesupport.③Cavesaresimilartoceinmanyways.Forexample,astronautsarecutofffromtheoutsideworldandhavelittleroomtomove.Theseconditionscanbecopiedatusualtraininggrounds,butanaturalcaveoffersthebestexperience,saidBeijingDaily.④Cold(onlyabout8℃)andwet,thecaveisfullofnarrowpassages(通道)andsteep(陡峭的)walls.Withfallingstonesandtheriskofgettinglost,astronautsfacesuddenphysicaldangers,whichtrainthemtostaycalmandthinkfast.⑤Thetrainingalsomakesastronautsstrongerinmind.JiangYuan,whohelpedtraintheastronauts,sharedthestressshefeltwhenshetriedtheprogramherself.“Thebiggestchallengeformewasthedarkness,”JiangtoldXinhua.“Mymovementsslowedandmymemorygotfuzzy—onceIcheckedtheropethreetimesbutIstillcouldn’trememberifIhadalreadytiedit.”AstronautZhuYangzhupointedoutthestrangesilence,justlikeince.“Wecouldhearourownheartbeatandbreath,”hetoldCGTN.⑥TheEuropeanceAgency(ESA)begandevelopingcavetrainingin2005.“ComparedtotheEuropeantraining,oursupportteamgotinthewayaslittleaspossible,”YeGuangfu,oneoftheastronautsintheChongqingprogram,toldXinhua.“Thisletsastronautstrustthemselvesandsolveproblemsontheirown.”13.What’sParagraph③mainlyabout?A.Differencesbetweencavesandce.B.Challengesofthecavetraining.C.Reasonsforchoosingcavesfortraining.D.Waysoftraininginthenaturalcave.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“fuzzy”meaninEnglish?A.Unclear. B.Strong. C.Quick. D.Fresh.15.ComparedtotheEuropeantraining,China’scavetraining________.A.hasamuchlongerhistory B.dependslessonthesupportteamC.offersbetterworkingconditions D.focusesmoreonscientificresearch16.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Findingfuninnaturalcaves B.China’sfirstce-trainingprogramC.Cavetrainingforflyinghigh D.Anunforgettablecave-trainingexperience【正确答案】13.C14.A15.B16.C【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了中国首次在重庆武隆洞穴开展的航天员训练项目、训练原因、训练挑战及与欧洲训练的区别。【13题详解】文章第三段第一句“Cavesaresimilartoceinmanyways.”指出洞穴与太空有许多相似之处，第二句举例说明训练中与世隔绝、空间狭小等条件可以通过常规训练场地复制，但天然洞穴能提供最佳体验，因此本段主要解释选择洞穴进行训练的原因。【14题详解】文章第五段第四句“Mymovementsslowedandmymemorygotfuzzy—onceIcheckedtheropethreetimesbutIstillcouldn’trememberifIhadalreadytiedit.”指出，江媛提到黑暗中动作变慢、记不清是否已经系好绳子，说明记忆变得“模糊不清”，fuzzy的意思是“模糊的、不清楚的”。【15题详解】文章第六段第二句“ComparedtotheEuropeantraining,oursupportteamgotinthewayaslittleaspossible”指出，与欧洲训练相比，中国的洞穴训练更少依赖保障团队。【16题详解】文章第一段“Toflyhighintoce,Chineseastronautsarepracticingtheirskillsbygoingunderground.”点明主旨，全文围绕为飞天而进行的洞穴训练展开，最佳标题是“Cavetrainingforflyinghigh”。第二节阅读短文，从下面所给的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，其中有一个多余的选项。Pickleball:Asourname,asweetgameMoveover,basketball!Stepaside,tennis!Thereisapopularsporttakingovermanycountriesaroundtheworld,anditsnameispickleball.Doesithaveanythingtodowithrealpickles(酸黄瓜)?Notatall!Thegameissurprisinglyfun.____17____Threedadsnoticedthattheirkidswereboredduringthesummer.Tohelpthem,thedadsinventedanewgameintheirbackyard.Today,pickleballasasimplebackyardgameislovedbypeopleofallages.Evenyourgrandmacanbecomeapro!____18____Itusesacourt(场地)likebadminton,anetliketennis,andpaddles(球拍)thatlooklikegiantping-pongbats.Theballismadeofplasticandhasholes.Howdoyouplay?First,youservetheballunderhand—hittingtheballfrombelowyourwaist(腰).____19____Theballmustbounce(弹回)onceoneachsidebeforeplayershititintheair.Thereisalsoaspecialareanearthenetcalledthe“Kitchen.”Youcannotstandinsideitunlesstheballbouncestherefirst.Now,manyschoolshaveaddedpickleballtogymclasses.Doyouwanttotryit?____20____Youwillseewhyagamewitha“sour”nameisactuallysweet!A.Takeapaddleandfindacourt.B.Nextisthe“two-bounce’rule”.C.Pickleballcanhelpkidsbecomestronger.D.Thegameisaclevermixofthreesports.E.Pickleballhasahistorydatingbackto1965.【正确答案】17.E18.D19.B20.A【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了匹克球的起源、运动特点、比赛规则以及如今的流行情况。【17题详解】后文讲述了匹克球被发明的故事，E项“Pickleballhasahistorydatingbackto1965.”引出这项运动的历史起源，衔接自然。【18题详解】后文介绍它融合了羽毛球、网球、乒乓球的特点，D项“Thegameisaclevermixofthreesports.”总起本段，衔接自然。【19题详解】前文讲发球规则，后文讲球必须各弹一次，B项“Nextisthe‘two-bounce’rule’.”引出下一条规则，衔接自然。【20题详解】前文问是否想尝试，后文鼓励体验，A项“Takeapaddleandfindacourt.”给出具体行动建议，衔接自然。二、完形填空（共10小题，每小题1分；满分10分）阅读短文，理解其大意，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Alittlelate?Bigmistake!Raheelwasasmartandhardworkingstudent,buthehadabadhabitofbeinglate.This____21____causedhimtolosepartsofhisclasses,makinghishomeworkdifficulttofinish.Hedidn’tthinkitwasa____22____,though.Beinglatealsoinfluencedhis____23____.Whenhisbestfriendinvitedhimtohisbirthdayparty,Raheelshoweduplateand____24____thecake-cuttingandsomefungames.Hisfriendwas____25____andstoppedtalkingtohimforawhile.Oneday,Raheelwantedtojoinasingingcompetitioninhisneighborhood.Hehadanamazingvoice,andhewaspleasedwhenhemadeittothefinalround.Hisfamilyandfriendswereexcitedandreallyhopedhewould____26____.Onthedayofthecompetition,Raheelwasfullof____27____.Hedressedupnicely,hadagoodbreakfastandpracticedhissong.Beforeleaving,heevendecidedtoplayaquickgameonhiscomputer.Hekept____28____hismom,“Justfivemoreminutes!”Butthoseminutesquicklyturnedintomore.Bythetimetheyarrived,theywere10minuteslate.Raheelwasn’tallowedto____29____becauseallparticipants(参赛者)hadtobeseated15minutesbeforethecompetitionbegan.Raheelhadnochoicebuttoleave,feelingsad.Thisexperiencetaughthimavaluablelesson:Beingontimeisreally_____30_____.Ifyoucan’tmakeit,youmightmissoutonamazingopportunities(机会).21.A.often B.seldom C.hardly D.never22.A.chance B.test C.goal D.mistake23.A.grades B.plans C.competitions D.friendships24.A.avoided B.missed C.enjoyed D.forgot25.A.lonely B.disappointed C.rude D.busy26.A.win B.return C.agree D.change27.A.love B.stress C.confidence D.fear28.A.warning B.helping C.encouraging D.telling29.A.stand B.enter C.speak D.leave30.A.impossible B.easy C.important D.useless【正确答案】21.A22.D23.D24.B25.B26.A27.C28.D29.B30.C【导语】本文讲述了聪明勤奋但爱迟到的学生Raheel，因迟到错过朋友生日聚会重要环节，又因迟到错失歌唱比赛决赛机会，最终明白守时非常重要的故事。【21题详解】句意：这经常导致他错过部分课程，使他的作业难以完成。根据前文“hehadabadhabitofbeinglate”可知，他频繁迟到。often表示“经常”，符合语境；seldom很少，hardly几乎不，never从不，均与文意相反。【22题详解】句意：不过他不认为这是个错误。根据标题“Bigmistake!”和他迟到的坏习惯可知，此处指错误。mistake表示“错误”，符合语境；chance机会，test测试，goal目标，均不符合。【23题详解】句意：迟到也影响了他的友谊。根据后文“hisbestfriendinvitedhimtohisbirthdayparty”可知，迟到影响了和朋友的关系。friendships表示“友谊”，符合语境；grades成绩，plans计划，competitions比赛，均不符合。【24题详解】句意：Raheel迟到了，错过了切蛋糕和一些有趣的游戏。因为迟到所以没能参与活动。missed表示“错过”，符合语境；avoided避免，enjoyed享受，forgot忘记，均不符合。【25题详解】句意：他的朋友很失望，有一段时间不和他说话。根据前文Raheel迟到并错过活动，以及朋友“stoppedtalkingtohim”可知，朋友的情绪应是失望的。disappointed表示“失望的”，符合语境；lonely孤独的，rude粗鲁的，busy忙碌的，均不符合情绪。【26题详解】句意：他的家人和朋友很兴奋，非常希望他能赢。根据前文他进入了歌唱比赛的决赛，且“hadanamazingvoice”可知，家人和朋友希望他获胜。win表示“赢”，符合语境；return返回，agree同意，change改变，均不符合。【27题详解】句意：比赛那天，Raheel充满信心。他准备充分，所以对比赛有把握。confidence表示“信心”，符合语境；love爱，stress压力，fear恐惧，均不符合状态。【28题详解】句意：他一直告诉妈妈：“就再玩五分钟！”根据后文他说的“Justfivemoreminutes!”可知，他是在对妈妈说话。telling表示“告诉”，符合孩子拖延出发的对话场景；warning警告，helping帮助，encouraging鼓励，均不符合。【29题详解】句意：Raheel不被允许进入，因为所有参赛者必须在比赛开始前15分钟入座。根据后文“allparticipantshadtobeseated15minutesbefore”可知，迟到的他不能进入比赛场地。enter表示“进入”，符合语境；stand站立，speak说话，leave离开，均不符合。【30题详解】句意：这次经历给了他一个宝贵的教训：守时真的很重要。全文围绕迟到的教训展开，强调守时的重要性。important表示“重要的”，符合语境；impossible不可能的，easy容易的，useless无用的，均不符合主题。第二部分非选择题（共40分）三、语篇填空（共10小题，每小题1分；满分10分）阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯｡UnboxingthetakeouthistoryToday,fooddelivery(外卖)isanimportantpartofourdailylives.Butdidyouknowit____31____(start)alongtimeago?ExpertHouYingguosaysdiningservicesliketoday’sfooddeliverybeganduringtheHanDynasty(206BC—AD220).Buttheterm(术语)“fooddelivery”____32____(use)intheSongDynasty(960—1279)forthefirsttime.Atfirst,fooddeliverywas____33____specialwaytoserveimportantpeople.Butlater,itbecamepopularamongeveryone.IntheSongDynasty,China’sfoodtakeoutbusinessreachedagoldenage.ThebookAdreamofsplendor(《东京梦华录》)saysthattherewasalotoffoodinBianjing(today’sKaifenginHenan).Peopleoftenboughtready-mademealsfromlocal____34____(shop)insteadofcooking.Withoutphones,orderingwas____35____(hard)thantoday.Theyhadtovisitarestaurantinperson____36____sendsomeonetomaketheorder,andthentelltherestaurantwhenandwheretheywantedthefood.Finally,therestaurantwouldbringittothem.ThedeliverypersonwascalledXianhan.Peoplewanted____37____(they)foodtobewarmandtasty.Theydidn’thaveourmoderntechnology,but____38____(lucky)theywereveryclever!IntheSongDynasty,theyhadaspecialdishcalledWenpan.Itwasliketwoplatesputtogetherwithce____39____themiddle.Theywouldpourhotwaterintothatce_____40_____(keep)thefoodontopwarm.Thewisdomofancientpeoplestillamazesustoday.Greatideasdon’talwaysneedhightechnology,dothey?【正确答案】31.started32.wasused33.a34.shops35.harder36.or37.their38.luckily39.in40.tokeep【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了外卖的历史，从汉朝开始出现餐饮服务，到宋朝首次使用“外卖”一词并达到黄金时代，以及古人如何在没有现代技术的情况下保持食物温度。【31题详解】句意：但是你知道它在很久以前就开始了吗？根据时间状语“alongtimeago”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，start的过去式为started，意为“开始”。【32题详解】句意：但是“外卖”这个术语在宋代首次被使用。主语“Theterm‘fooddelivery’”与动词“use”之间为被动关系，描述过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时的被动语态，结构为was/were+过去分词，use的过去分词为used，主语theterm为单数，用wasused，意为“被使用”。【33题详解】句意：起初，外卖是一种招待重要人物的特殊方式。此处表示泛指“一种方式”，special以辅音音素开头，因此填不定冠词a。【34题详解】句意：人们经常从当地商店购买现成的饭菜而不是做饭。shop为可数名词，此处表示泛指用复数形式shops，意为“商店”。【35题详解】句意：没有电话，点餐比今天更难。than是比较级的标志，hard的比较级为harder，意为“更难的”。【36题详解】句意：他们必须亲自去餐馆或者派人去点餐。“visitarestaurantinperson”与“sendsomeonetomaketheorder”之间为选择关系，应用连词or连接，意为“或者”。【37题详解】句意：人们想要他们的食物温热美味。修饰名词food要用形容词性物主代词，they的形容词性物主代词为their，意为“他们的”。【38题详解】句意：他们没有我们的现代技术，但幸运的是他们非常聪明。修饰整个句子用副词，lucky的副词形式为luckily，意为“幸运地”。【39题详解】句意：它就像两个盘子叠在一起，中间有空隙。inthemiddle为固定搭配，意为“在中间”。【40题详解】句意：他们会把热水倒进那个空隙里来保持上面的食物温热。此处用动词不定式作目的状语，表示倒入热水的目的，tokeep意为“保持”。四、阅读与表达（共4小题，1～3小题，每小题2分，4小题4分；满分10分）阅读短文，然后根据内容回答问题。TheSecrettoStayingYoungDolphinsaresmart,playful,andenergeticanimals.Youcanoftenseethemracingeachotherandjumpingoutofthewater.Whyaredolphinsalwayssofullofenergy?Newresearchmayhavefoundtheanswer:friendship!Dolphinsliveingroupscalledpods.Apodvariesinsize.Itcanbesmall—justtwodolphins—orhuge,withupto1,000members.Butapodisnotsimplyagroupofdolphins;itisasmallsociety.Withinthatsociety,dolphinsformfriendships,muchlikehumansdo.ScientistsrecentlystudiedapodofbottlenosedolphinsinSharkBay,Australia.Theyfocusedon38male(雄性的)dolphinswhosechronologicalages(实际年龄)theyalreadyknew.Theycollectedtheirskintissues(皮肤组织)tostudytheirDNAandestimate(估算)theirbiologicalage.Theresultwassurprising:Maledolphinswithmoreclosefriendsagedmoreslowly.Thismeanstwodolphinscouldbethesameage,buttheonewithstrongerfriendshipshada“younger”body.Whymightfriendshiphelp?Researchersthinkhavingclosefriendsmaylowerstress.Whendolphinsstaywithfriends,theyfeelrelaxedinsteadofworried.Friendscanalsoteamuptofindfoodandstaysafefrompredators(捕食者).Fordolphins,friendshipisnotjustfun;itisthekeytolivingwell.Comments(评论)CocoDolphinsaresuchamazinganimals!Howlovelythattheybuilddeepfriendshipsjustlikewedo!MiaDolphinsareremindingusofsomething:Goodfriendscanhelpusstaystrong,insideandout.BlueBubDolphinsaretrulysmartandwarmanimals!41.Howdodolphinslive?______________________________42.Whatsurprisingresultdidthescientistsfind?______________________________43.Accordingtotheresearchers,whymightfriendshiphelpdolphins?______________________________44.DoyouagreewithMia’scomment?Pleasegiveanexamplefromyourownlife.Write30wordsormore.______________________________【正确答案】41.Theyliveingroupscalledpods.42.Maledolphinswithmoreclosefriendsagedmoreslowly.43.Itmayhelpthemlowerstress,findfoodandstaysafe.44.OnePossibleVersion:Yes.WhenIstartedrunningthe800meters,Ialwaysfinishedlast.MyfriendLucydidn’tlaughatmebutranalongwithmeeveryday.Withherhelp,IbecameconfidentandpassedthePEtestfinally.【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了海豚如何通过建立友谊来保持活力和延缓衰老，以及科学家对此的研究发现。【41题详解】文章第二段第一句“Dolphinsliveingroupscalledpods.”指出，海豚以群体形式生活，这种群体被称为pods。因此答案是原文直接信息。【42题详解】文章第三段倒数第二句“Maledolphinswithmoreclosefriendsagedmoreslowly.”指出，科学家的惊人发现是：有更多亲密朋友的雄性海豚衰老得更慢。因此答案是原文直接信息。【43题详解】文章第四段第二、三、四句“Researchersthinkhavingclosefriendsmaylowerstress.Whendolphinsstaywithfriends,theyfeelrelaxedinsteadofworried.Friendscanalsoteamuptofindfoodandstaysafefrompredators.”指出，友谊可以帮助海豚减轻压力、找到食物并保持安全。因此答案是对原文信息的概括总结。【44题详解】本题是开放性试题，答案不唯一，但观点需基于Mia的评论“Goodfriendscanhelpusstaystrong,insideandout”。结合自己的生活经历，合理阐述朋友如何帮助自己变强，注意字数要求即可。五、书面表达（满分20分）45.假如你是李辉，你的英国笔友H