河南省普通高中2026届高三年级春期期中联考英语试卷卷【附解析】

/河南省普通高中2026届高三年级春期期中联考英语试题卷满分120分。考试时间100分钟。注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、班级、考场号、座位号、考生号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试题卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试题卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AThePhantomoftheOperaiscomposerAndrewLloydWebber’saward-winningmusical,nowplayingatHisMajesty’sTheatreinLondon.OpeningintheWestEndin1986,itwontheTonyAwardforBestMusicaltwoyearslater.InSeptember2006,itbroketherecordheldbyCats,anotherWebber’smusical,becomingthelongest-runningshowinBroadwayhistory.Thestoryisagothic(哥特风格的)romancebasedonGastonLeroux’snovellaunchedin1910.ItfollowsamysteriousmaskedfigurewhoappearsattheParisOperaHouseandhisstronginterestwithayoungsinger,ChristineDaaé.Ashehelpsherrisetofame,hebecomesincreasinglydangerous,leadingtoadramaticending.TheLondonproductionisfamousforitssplendidsetdesign,includingaturningstage,agrandstaircase,andalargeluxuriouslightthathangsfromtheceiling.UnforgettablesongsincludeTheMusicoftheNightandAllIAskofYou.PerformanceTimesEveningshows:MondaytoSaturdayat7:30p.m.Daytimeshows:WednesdayandSaturdayat2:30p.m.Runningtime:2hours30minutes(includinga20-minutebreak)CastLilyKerhoasplaysChristineDaaé,DeanChisnallplaysthePhantom,andAdamRhys-CharlesplaysRaoul,thesecondmalelead.JoannaAmpiltakesthestageasCarlotta,thesecondfemalelead.SeveralcastmembershavepreviouslyappearedinLesMisérables.Theperformersaresubjecttochange.AgeRecommendationRecommendedforages8andover.Theproductionfeaturesgunshots,flashlightingandstagefireworks.TicketBookingBookonlineusingthebookingbutton.Aseatingplanisavailabletohelpyouchooseyourseats.1.WhendidThePhantomoftheOperawinanawardforthebestmusical?A.In1910. B.In1986. C.In1988. D.In2006.2.WhencanyouseeThePhantomoftheOpera?A.At2:30p.m.onMonday. B.At2:30p.m.onTuesday.C.At7:30p.m.onWednesday. D.At7:30p.m.onSunday.3.Whatcanwelearnaboutthemusical?A.Thesetdesignissimple.B.Castchangesmayoccur.C.It’ssuitableforpeopleofallages.D.It’sadaptedfromWebber’snovel.【正确答案】1.C2.C3.B【导语】文章主要介绍音乐剧《歌剧魅影》的获奖情况、剧情特色、演出信息、演员阵容及观演相关须知。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“OpeningintheWestEndin1986,itwontheTonyAwardforBestMusicaltwoyearslater.(该剧于1986年在伦敦西区首演，两年后斩获托尼奖最佳音乐剧奖项)”可知，1986年往后推两年是1988年，该剧在1988年获得最佳音乐剧奖项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据PerformanceTimes部分中的“Eveningshows:MondaytoSaturdayat7:30p.m.Daytimeshows:WednesdayandSaturdayat2:30p.m.(晚间场次：周一至周六晚上七点半；日间场次：周三、周六下午两点半)”可知，周三晚上七点半有演出，符合观演时间要求。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据Cast部分中的“Theperformersaresubjecttochange.(演员阵容可能会临时调整变动)”可知，这部音乐剧的参演演员有可能发生更换。BAt16,BenjaminDavis,asophomoreatBishopFeehanHighSchoolinMassachusetts,hasinventedarevolutionarydesktopsystemthatrecyclesplasticbottlesand3Dprintingwasteintohigh-quality3Dprintingfilament(塑料丝).Hisgroundbreakingworkwonhimfirstplaceatthe2025InternationalScience&EngineeringFair(ISEF)andthe$75,000RegeneronYoungScientistAward,bringinghimwidespreadrecognitionandincreasingattentionfromscientificcommunitiesaroundtheworld.Benjamin’sinspirationstruckwhenhenoticedmassiveamountsofplasticwastepilingupinhisschool’sartroom.Ashewatchedtheseuselessmaterialsbeingthrownawayeachday,hefeltdeeplyconcernedaboutthegrowingenvironmentaldamagecausedbyplasticpollution.Determinedtofindapracticalsolution,hebegantoresearchwaystochangewasteintovaluableresources.Over18months,heworkedpatientlyinhisgarage,researching,designing,andconstructingdifferentmodelsuntilhefinallycreatedasmall,andadvancedmachine.Hisdevicecanshredplasticwaste,meltit,andformitintosmoothandconsistent3Dprintingfilamentinasinglecontinuousprocess.Comparedwithtraditionalindustrialrecyclingmachines,hisdesignuses70%lessenergyandproducesmaterialsofhigherquality.Schoolsandcreativecesacrosstheglobehavealreadyexpressedstronginterestinhisinvention,andseveralinstitutionshaverequesteddetailedprototypesforfurthertesting.Atfirst,fewwerequicktocreditsomeoneofhisagewiththeabilitytotacklesuchacomplextechnicalundertaking.Teachersandpeersquestionedwhetherhissmallmachinecouldworksteadilyandmeetreal-worldstandards.However,Benjaminneverlostconfidence.Hetestedmorethan50versions,stayeduplatemakingimprovements,andcarefullyrecordedeachresultuntilhisdeviceperformedperfectly.BenjaminnowplanstostudymechanicalengineeringatMIT.Hehopeshisexperiencewillencouragemoreyoungpeopletocareabouttheenvironmentandtakepracticalactiontosolverealproblems.4.WhatinspiredBenjamintocreatetherecyclingmachine?A.Hisenthusiasmformachinery.B.Agrandawardfromacompetition.C.Theglobalrecognitionandattention.D.Theplasticwasteprobleminhisschool.5.WhatisanadvantageofBenjamin’smachineaccordingtothetext?A.It’suser-friendly. B.It’scost-effective.C.It’senergy-efficient. D.It’shigh-productive.6.WhichwordscanbestdescribeBenjaminDavis?A.Creativeandcommitted. B.Kindandresponsible.C.Hard-workingandhumble. D.Insistentandgenerous.7.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.AStudent’sMITDream. B.TheDevelopmentof3DPrinting.C.TheFutureBelongingtotheYoung. D.ATeenTurningWasteintoTreasure.【正确答案】4.D5.C6.A7.D【导语】本文介绍少年本杰明・戴维斯发现校园塑料垃圾堆积的环境问题，自主研发回收设备，将塑料瓶与3D打印废料加工为优质打印耗材，历经质疑与反复试验最终取得成功，并立志用创新行动助力环保、激励青少年关注现实问题。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Benjamin’sinspirationstruckwhenhenoticedmassiveamountsofplasticwastepilingupinhisschool’sartroom.(本杰明注意到学校美术室堆积着大量塑料垃圾，由此产生了研发灵感。)”可知，校园塑料垃圾问题促使他发明这台回收机器。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Comparedwithtraditionalindustrialrecyclingmachines,hisdesignuses70%lessenergyandproducesmaterialsofhigherquality.(与传统工业回收设备相比，他的设计能耗降低百分之七十，且产出耗材质量更高。)”可知，该机器具备节能的优势。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Determinedtofindapracticalsolution,hebegantoresearchwaystochangewasteintovaluableresources.Over18months,heworkedpatientlyinhisgarage,researching,designing,andconstructingdifferentmodelsuntilhefinallycreatedasmall,andadvancedmachine.(他决心找到一个切实可行的解决方案，于是开始研究如何将废弃物转化为有价值的资源。在长达18个月的时间里，他一直耐心地在自己的车库里工作，进行研究、设计和建造各种模型，直到最终造出了一台小巧而先进的机器。)”可知，本杰明自主构思创新发明，体现creative(富有创造力的)；耗时十八个月反复研究改造、测试五十余个版本并坚持优化设备，体现committed(专注投入的)。【7题详解】主旨大意题。全文核心讲述一名青少年利用发明将塑料废料转化为可用资源，变废为宝的故事。D项“一个青少年变废为宝”符合主题，适合用作标题。CWhiteRabbitcandyhasnotchangedin60years.Butsomeotherthingshavechanged.Whenapop-up(快闪)shopinShanghaibegansellingdrinksflavoredlikeWhiteRabbitcandy,peoplequeuedforuptofourhoursforacuppricedat20yuan($2.9).China’snostalgia(怀旧)economyhasreshapedhowbrandsaremarketed.However,theWhiteRabbitmilkteaisitselfawarningtale.Oncecustomersreachedthecounterafterfourhours,manyweredisappointed.“Ittastesjustlikeanyregularbubbletea(珍珠奶茶)outthere,”onetoldreporters.Anotherposted:“It’sjustexploitingtheclassicbrand.”Thecommentspointtothecentralweaknessofthenostalgiaeconomy.Whenheritageisusedprimarilyasagoodpricingreason,whennostalgicpackagingistheproductandwhatisinsideisordinary,consumersnotice.Thedisappointmentrunsdeeperthananormalcommercialletdown,becausesomethingmorepersonalhasbeeninvolved.Therearemorerisks.Whennostalgicdesignbecomesarecipe,thesymbolsstopcarryingweight.Andanostalgiaeconomythatspeaksonlytoonegeneration’smemoriesisnotbuildingasharedculture.Whenthepop-upclosesandthelimitededitionsellsout,whatremains?Iftheanswerisnothingbutthememoryofaqueue,thebrandhaswasteditsheritageratherthangrownit.ThequestionfacingChina’snostalgiaeconomyisnotwhetherthereisamarketforcontinuitybutwhethertheindustrywillservethatmarketwithdepthorexploititwithshortcuts.SomeofusgrewupwithWhiteRabbitcandy.Otherswereborntoolateto.Butwearealllookingforthesamething:aculturalidentitywithrootsdeepenoughtohold,andasensethatwhatisbeingbuilttodayisworthrememberingtomorrow.Nostalgiadoesnotofferthepast.Itoffersareasontofeelathomeinthepresent.8.WhathaschangedaboutWhiteRabbit?A.Itsdrinkprice. B.Itsbrandmarketing.C.Itscandyrecipe. D.Itstargetcustomers.9.Whydoestheauthormentionthecustomers’commentsaboutthedrink?A.Tosuggestthedeclineofthebrand. B.Tonotethepopularityofregularbubbletea.C.Toprovethehighpriceofthedrink. D.Toshowthetrapofnostalgia-basedselling.10.Whatistheauthor’ssuggestionforChina’snostalgiaeconomy?A.Servingthemarketwithshortcuts. B.Focusingononegeneration’smemories.C.Usingthepasttoroottoday’sculture. D.Copyingthepastexactlyasitoncewas.11.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.Nostalgiamarketingputsheritageatrisk. B.WhiteRabbitcandyremainsunchanged.C.Nostalgiaeconomysavesbrandheritage. D.WhiteRabbitmilkteafailstosatisfyfans.【正确答案】8.B9.D10.C11.A【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了中国的怀旧经济，以大白兔奶茶为例，指出怀旧营销存在的问题，并给出了相关建议。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“WhiteRabbitcandyhasnotchangedin60years.Butsomeotherthingshavechanged.Whenapop-up(快闪)shopinShanghaibegansellingdrinksflavoredlikeWhiteRabbitcandy,peoplequeuedforuptofourhoursforacuppricedat20yuan($2.9).China’snostalgia(怀旧)economyhasreshapedhowbrandsaremarketed.(60年来，大白兔糖果一直没有变化。但其他一些事情发生了变化。当上海一家快闪店开始出售大白兔糖果口味的饮料时，人们排了长达4个小时的队，只为买一杯售价20元（2.9美元）的饮料。中国的怀旧经济重塑了品牌的营销方式。)”可知，大白兔糖果本身没有变，但是它的品牌营销方式发生了变化。故选B。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Thecommentspointtothecentralweaknessofthenostalgiaeconomy.Whenheritageisusedprimarilyasagoodpricingreason,whennostalgicpackagingistheproductandwhatisinsideisordinary,consumersnotice.(这些评论指出了怀旧经济的核心弱点。当遗产主要被用作一个好的定价理由，当怀旧的包装就是产品，而里面是普通的东西时，消费者会注意到。)”可知，作者提到顾客对饮料的评论是为了展示基于怀旧的销售的陷阱。故选D。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Butwearealllookingforthesamething:aculturalidentitywithrootsdeepenoughtohold,andasensethatwhatisbeingbuilttodayisworthrememberingtomorrow.Nostalgiadoesnotofferthepast.Itoffersareasontofeelathomeinthepresent.(但我们都在寻找同样的东西：一种有足够深厚根基的文化认同，以及一种今天所建的东西值得明天铭记的感觉。怀旧并不能提供过去。它提供了一个让我们在现在感到自在的理由。)”可知，作者对中国怀旧经济的建议是用过去来扎根今天的文化。故选C。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“China’snostalgia(怀旧)economyhasreshapedhowbrandsaremarketed.(中国的怀旧经济重塑了品牌的营销方式。)”，第三段“Thecommentspointtothecentralweaknessofthenostalgiaeconomy.(这些评论指出了怀旧经济的主要弱点。)”，第四段“Therearemorerisks.Whennostalgicdesignbecomesarecipe,thesymbolsstopcarryingweight.Andanostalgiaeconomythatspeaksonlytoonegeneration'smemoriesisnotbuildingasharedculture.(还有更多的风险。当怀旧设计成为一种模式时，符号就不再承载重量。而只诉诸一代人记忆的怀旧经济并不能建立一种共享的文化。)”和最后一段“ThequestionfacingChina'snostalgiaeconomyisnotwhetherthereisamarketforcontinuitybutwhethertheindustrywillservethatmarketwithdepthorexploititwithshortcuts.(中国怀旧经济面临的问题不是是否存在连续性的市场，而是该行业是否会深度服务这个市场，还是利用捷径来剥削这个市场。)”可知，本文主要讨论了中国的怀旧经济，指出怀旧营销存在的问题，即怀旧营销使遗产面临风险。故选A。DScientistshavecreatedathree-dimensional“heart-on-a-chip”(HOC)thatcouldprovideabreakthroughinthefightagainsttheworld’sleadingcauseofdeath,cardiovascular(心血管)disease.Onemajorchallengeisthatwecannoteasilytesthowahumanheartwillreacttoadrugordiseasewithoutputtingsomeoneatrisk.Thisengineeredhearttissuebeatsonitsown,itreleaseschemicalstostartmuscularactivity,anditrespondspredictablytocommondrugs.It’sthefirsttoincludeatwo-waysensingplatformthatprovidesreal-timetrackingofactivitythroughoutthehearttissuedowntothecellularlevel.Inarecentpaper,scientistsfrommultipleCanadianinstitutionsdescribehowtheyachievedthis“significantadvanceinhearttissueengineeringanddrugtesting.”Thekeyadvancehereistheintegrationofsensorsthatcandetectbothlarge-areaandsmall-areaheartactivity.BothcurrentHOCplatformsandtheresearchteam’spreviousversion,describedina2024paper,lackhigh-resolutioncellular-levelsensing.Small-areasensingisvitalbecausemanycardiovasculardiseases(CVDs)areassociatedwithimpairmentinheartmusclecells,theindividualbeatingcellsthatformheartmuscletissue.Asaresult,measuringcellularfunctioniscriticalforpreventingheartfailureinpatientswithCVDs.TobuildtheirHOCs,theresearchersharvestedheartmusclecellsandheartconnectivetissuecellsfromlabanimals.Theyplacedthesecellsintoasoftstructurerichinfibrousproteinsandnutrientstostimulategrowth,andthenseededthemontiny,flexiblesilicon-basedchips(芯片).Thisisamajorsteptowardtestingdiseasesinthelab,sincecell-generatedforcesgovernthedevelopmentofhearttissues,includingtheirformation,remodeling,contractionefficiency,woundhealing,andcancerprogression.Next,theresearchersplantomodelspecificdisordersbybuildinghearttissuesusingcellsfrompatientslivingwithvariousheartconditions.Theseincludeatypeofgeneticheartmusclediseasethatcanleadtoheartfailure,aswellasirregularheartbeats,anumbrellaofdisordersthatcauseheartrateabnormalities.12.HowdoesthenewHOCdifferfromearlierversions?A.Ituseshumanpatientcells. B.Itbeatswithexternalhelp.C.Itsensescellularheartactivity. D.Itusesmoreflexiblematerials.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“impairment”inparagraph3mean?A.Abnormalworking. B.Quickrecovery.C.Naturalgrowth. D.Regularbeating.14.WhatdotheresearchersintendtodowithHOCs?A.Replaceanimaltesting. B.Growfullheartsforpatients.C.CureDNA-basedheartdiseases. D.Studypatient-specificheartdiseases.15.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.TheNewMethodstoBuild3DheartsB.AFreshProcessforHeartDrugTestingC.AnInnovationinHeartTissueEngineeringD.TheFightAgainstCardiovascularDiseases【正确答案】12.C13.A14.D15.C【导语】文章主要介绍了科学家们创造出的三维“心脏芯片”，该芯片在心脏组织工程和药物测试方面取得了重大进展，能够实时追踪心脏组织的活动至细胞层面。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“It’sthefirsttoincludeatwo-waysensingplatformthatprovidesreal-timetrackingofactivitythroughoutthehearttissuedowntothecellularlevel.(这是第一个包含双向传感平台的芯片，可以实时追踪整个心脏组织直至细胞层面的活动)”以及第三段“Thekeyadvancehereistheintegrationofsensorsthatcandetectbothlarge-areaandsmall-areaheartactivity.BothcurrentHOCplatformsandtheresearchteam’spreviousversion,describedina2024paper,lackhigh-resolutioncellular-levelsensing.(这里的关键进展是集成了能够检测大面积和小面积心脏活动的传感器。目前的HOC平台和研究团队之前的版本，在2024年的一篇论文中有所描述，都缺乏高分辨率的细胞级传感)”可知，新型HOC与早期版本的不同之处在于它能够感知细胞层面的心脏活动。【13题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词所在句“manycardiovasculardiseases(CVDs)areassociatedwithimpairmentinheartmusclecells,theindividualbeatingcellsthatformheartmuscletissue.(许多心血管疾病与心肌细胞的impairment有关，心肌细胞是构成心肌组织的单个跳动细胞)”和后文“Asaresult,measuringcellularfunctioniscriticalforpreventingheartfailure(因此，测量细胞功能对于预防心力衰竭至关重要)”可知，心血管疾病与心肌细胞的功能异常或损伤有关。故划线词impairment意为“功能异常；损伤”，与“Abnormalworking”意思相近。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Next,theresearchersplantomodelspecificdisordersbybuildinghearttissuesusingcellsfrompatientslivingwithvariousheartconditions.(接下来，研究人员计划利用患有各种心脏病的患者的细胞构建心脏组织，以模拟特定的疾病)”可知，研究人员打算用HOCs研究患者特定的心脏疾病。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Scientistshavecreatedathree-dimensional“heart-on-a-chip”(HOC)thatcouldprovideabreakthroughinthefightagainsttheworld’sleadingcauseofdeath,cardiovascular(心血管)disease.(科学家们创造了一种三维“心脏芯片”(HOC)，这可能为对抗世界主要死因——心血管疾病提供突破)”以及第二段至第五段对其功能、优势及研究计划的介绍可知，本文主要介绍了一项心脏组织工程的创新成果，故C项“AnInnovationinHeartTissueEngineering(心脏组织工程的一项创新)”能概括文章内容，最适合做文章标题。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Formanypeople,Christmascanbeamagicaldayfilledwithdelightandindulgences(放纵).Butforthosedownontheirluckordisadvantaged,itcanbeatimeofsorrowanddisappointment.That’swhythecountriesoftheBritishCommonwealthhavesetasidethedayafterChristmasasBoxingDay,anditspurposewastobringabitofmagictothosewhocoulduseit.____16____EveryDecember26,goingatleastasfarbackas1833,theUnitedKingdomandothercountriesthatarepartoftheBritishCommonwealthhaveobservedBoxingDayasanopportunitytoprovidesomeholidayjoytothosewhomostneedit.____17____Oneisthatitreferstothegivingof“Christmasboxes,”atermthatoriginatedinthe17thcenturytodescribegifts,moneyandotherleftoversfromChristmasthatlandownerswouldgivetotheirservantsandemployeesforhavingworkedonChristmasDay.Basically,ChristmasBoxeswereholidaybonusesfortheworkingclass.Theotheristhatitreferstothe“almsboxes”thatwouldtraditionallyappearinchurchesintheweeksleadinguptoChristmas.____18____ThedonationswerethendistributedtothoseinneedafterChristmasDay.ThedayafterChristmasisalsothefeastofSt.Stephen,amartyr(殉教者)knownforhisactsofcharity.ThedayisstillanationalholidayinmanypartsoftheBritishCommonwealth,andsomepeoplestillgivebacktothelessfortunateonBoxingDay.____19____Ithasnowbecomemorerelatedtospendingupbigatadepartmentstore.Butmustitbethisway?Actually,thereexistsadifferentpathforthisday.____20____Justlikeinclassicstories,youmightfindyourheartgrowingricher,evenifyourwalletdoesn’t.A.Butitsoriginalspiritisbeingforgotten.B.SowhatexactlyisBoxingDayallabout?C.Therearecompetingstoriesbehinditsname.D.ConsiderobservingyourowncharitableBoxingDay.E.Theirpurposewastocollectmoneyfromchurch-goers.F.Celebratethedaybyenjoyingtimewithyourlovedones.G.However,manyarguethisisn’tthebestwaytohelpthepoor.【正确答案】16.B17.C18.E19.A20.D【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍节礼日的设立初衷，两大名称的由来。节日原本意在帮扶弱势群体，如今传统慈善精神渐被消费取代，作者呼吁人们重拾节日慈善本心。【16题详解】根据上文“Formanypeople,Christmascanbeamagicaldayfilledwithdelightandindulgences(放纵).Butforthosedownontheirluckordisadvantaged,itcanbeatimeofsorrowanddisappointment.That’swhythecountriesoftheBritishcommonwealthhavesetasidethedayafterChristmasasBoxingDay,anditspurposewastobringabitofmagictothosewhocoulduseit.(对许多人来说，圣诞节是一段充满欢乐与放纵的神奇时光。但对于那些处境艰难或处于不利地位的人们而言，圣诞节却可能是一段充满悲伤与失望的时期。因此，英联邦各国将圣诞节后的这一天定为“节礼日”，其目的是为那些需要帮助的人们带来一丝欢乐)”可知，前文介绍节礼日设立初衷是帮助弱势群体，下文开始具体介绍节礼日。故B选项“那么节礼日究竟是什么呢？”起到承上启下作用。故选B。【17题详解】根据后文“Oneisthatitreferstothegivingof“Christmasboxes,”atermthatoriginatedinthe17thcenturytodescribegifts,moneyandotherleftoversfromChristmasthatlandownerswouldgivetotheirservantsandemployeesforhavingworkedonChristmasDay.Basically,ChristmasBoxeswereholidaybonusesfortheworkingclass.(其一，它指的是“圣诞礼盒”的赠送行为。这个术语起源于17世纪，用于描述圣诞节期间人们送出的礼物、金钱以及其他剩余物品，这些物品是地主们为了感谢仆人和员工在圣诞节期间的辛勤工作而给予他们的。简而言之，圣诞礼盒就是为工人阶级准备的节日奖金)”可知，后文并列介绍两种名称起源说法，C选项“它的名字背后有两种不同说法”总领下文，One引出其中一种说法。故选C。【18题详解】根据上文“Theotheristhatitreferstothe“almsboxes”thatwouldtraditionallyappearinchurchesintheweeksleadinguptoChristmas.(另一种解释是，它指的是在圣诞节前几周通常会在教堂里出现的“施舍箱”)”以及后文“ThedonationswerethendistributedtothoseinneedafterChristmasDay.ThedayafterChristmasisalsothefeastofSt.Stephen,amartyr(殉教者)knownforhisactsofcharity.(这些捐赠物资在圣诞节过后被分发给了那些有需要的人。圣诞节后的第二天也是圣斯蒂芬的纪念日，他是一位以乐善好施行为著称的殉道者)”可知，前文提到教堂里的“救济箱”，后文讲述捐款分给穷人。E选项“它们的作用是收集礼拜者的捐款”承接“施舍箱”的用途。故选E。【19题详解】根据上文“ThedayisstillanationalholidayinmanypartsoftheBritishCommonwealth,andsomepeoplestillgivebacktothelessfortunateonBoxingDay.(在英联邦的许多地区，这一天仍被视为法定假日，而一些人也会在“节礼日”（即“圣诞补休日”）向那些生活贫困的人们伸出援手)”以及后文“Ithasnowbecomemorerelatedtospendingupbigatadepartmentstore.(如今，它更多地与在百货商店进行大规模消费联系在了一起)”可知，前文：如今仍是假日、还有人行善；后文：变成商场大肆消费。A选项“但它最初的精神正在被遗忘”衔接转折关系。故选A。【20题详解】根据上文“Butmustitbethisway?Actually,thereexistsadifferentpathforthisday.(但一定要这样吗？实际上，对于这一天，存在着另一种可能的走向)”以及后文“Justlikeinclassicstories,youmightfindyourheartgrowingricher,evenifyourwalletdoesn’t.(就像在经典故事中那样，即便你的钱包没有鼓起来，你的心灵也可能会变得更加充实)”可知，最后一段倡导回归慈善初心，前文：节礼日可以有不一样的过法；后文：心灵变得富足。D选项“试着过一个属于自己的慈善版节礼日”呼应主旨。故选D。第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。IhadmixedexperienceswithpublicspeakingwhenIwasyoung.Mostweregood,butsomewere____21____.Once,whilereadingapoemaloudinfrontoftheclass,Ifelt____22____,andthemomentstayedwithmeforyears.Aftergraduation,Ibecameapolicyadvisorandwasinconstant____23____withvariousclients.Thejobgavemeopportunitiestospeak,andovertimeIgrewintoa____24____speakerinmythirties.Butmycareerpathlaterchanged.Ispentadecadeworkingpart-timeand,____25____,Inolongerusedmyspeakingskillsasoftenasbefore.WhenIreturnedtoaseniorfull-timerole,theconfidenceIoncehadhad____26____.Panichitmeoutofnowhere.Inonemeeting,withalleyesonme,myvoicebecame____27____,andIcouldbarelygetmy____28____across.Onanotheroccasion,I____29____infrontoftheseniormanagementteam,sweatingheavily.Afterthat,IrealizedIhadtotake____30____.Ijoinedaspeakingclub,practicedconstantly,andfoundIspokebestwhenfully____31____andfamiliarwithmytopic.Techniqueslikecarefulpacingandintentionaleyecontactalsoproved____32____inhelpingmestaycalm.Gradually,Ilearnedtoeasemy____33____andcarryonuntilmygenuineconfidence____34____.Thisexperiencetaughtmethatfearofpublicspeakingcanbeovercomewithpracticeandsupport.Yearslater,IfoundedFear-lessPublicSpeakingto____35____otherstomovefromfeartoconfidence.21.A.confusing B.surprising C.rewarding D.embarrassing22.A.tongue-tied B.light-hearted C.absent-minded D.warm-hearted23.A.conflict B.agreement C.contact D.negotiation24.A.popular B.confident C.serious D.polite25.A.atanyrate B.inparticular C.asaresult D.forexample26.A.increased B.returned C.built D.disappeared27.A.soft B.shaky C.cold D.steady28.A.point B.concern C.spirit D.feeling29.A.smiled B.bowed C.froze D.apologized30.A.action B.chances C.charge D.risks31.A.confused B.informed C.convinced D.prepared32.A.strange B.useful C.special D.uncertain33.A.regret B.anger C.panic D.boredom34.A.cameback B.heldup C.woreoff D.brokedown35.A.persuade B.force C.guide D.remind【正确答案】21.D22.A23.C24.B25.C26.D27.B28.A29.C30.A31.D32.B33.C34.A35.C【导语】文章讲述了作者从年少时公众演讲喜忧参半，到成年后成为自信的政策顾问，后因长期不使用演讲技能而重拾恐惧，最终通过练习克服恐惧并创立演讲指导机构的经历。【21题详解】考查形容词。句意：大部分经历都不错，但有些却令人尴尬。A.confusing令人困惑的；B.surprising令人惊讶的；C.rewarding有益的；D.embarrassing令人尴尬的。根据前文“mixedexperiences”和“Mostweregood”可知，此处需与good形成对比，指不好的、令人尴尬的经历。【22题详解】考查形容词。句意：有一次，我在全班同学面前朗读一首诗时，感到舌头打结、说不出话来，那一刻多年难忘。A.tongue-tied张口结舌的；B.light-hearted轻松愉快的；C.absent-minded心不在焉的；D.warm-hearted热心的。根据后文“themomentstayedwithmeforyears”及语境可知，此处描述当众发言时紧张到说不出话的状态。【23题详解】考查名词。句意：毕业后，我成了一名政策顾问，经常与各类客户打交道。A.conflict冲突；B.agreement协议；C.contact接触；D.negotiation谈判。根据后文“Thejobgavemeopportunitiestospeak”可知，工作中需要频繁与客户接触交流。【24题详解】考查形容词。句意：这份工作给了我很多发言的机会，久而久之，三十多岁的我成长为一名自信的演讲者。A.popular受欢迎的；B.confident自信的；C.serious严肃的；D.polite礼貌的。根据前文“opportunitiestospeak”及后文“theconfidenceIoncehad”可知，长期发言让作者变得自信。【25题详解】考查介词短语。句意：我做了十年兼职，结果，我不再像以前那样频繁使用演讲技能了。A.atanyrate无论如何；B.inparticular尤其；C.asaresult结果；D.forexample例如。前后为因果关系，兼职导致演讲技能使用减少。【26题详解】考查动词。句意：当我回到全职高级岗位时，曾经的自信已经消失殆尽。A.increased增加；B.returned恢复；C.built建立；D.disappeared消失。根据前文“Inolongerusedmyspeakingskillsasoftenasbefore”及后文“Panichitmeoutofnowhere”可知，作者不再自信。【27题详解】考查形容词。句意：一次会议上，所有人目光都集中在我身上，我的声音颤抖，几乎无法表达自己的观点。A.soft轻柔的；B.shaky颤抖的；C.cold冰冷的；D.steady平稳的。根据前文“Panichitme”可知，紧张时声音会颤抖。【28题详解】考查名词。句意同上。A.point观点；B.concern担忧；C.spirit精神；D.feeling感受。根据前文“Inonemeeting,withalleyesonme”可知，作者在会议上由于紧张无法表达清楚自己的观点，固定搭配getone’spointacross表示“表达清楚观点”。【29题详解】考查动词。句意：还有一次，我在高级管理团队面前僵住了，大汗淋漓。A.smiled微笑；B.bowed鞠躬；C.froze僵住；D.apologized道歉。根据后文“sweatingheavily”可知，极度紧张导致身体僵硬、无法动弹。【30题详解】考查名词。句意：在那之后，我意识到必须采取行动了。A.action行动；B.chances机会；C.charge负责；D.risks风险。根据后文“Ijoinedaspeakingclub,practicedconstantly”可知，作者开始采取行动解决问题，固定搭配takeaction表示“采取行动”，对应后文加入演讲俱乐部等改变。【31题详解】考查形容词。句意：我加入了一个演讲俱乐部，不断练习，发现当准备充分且熟悉话题时，我的演讲效果最好。A.confused困惑的；B.informed知情的；C.convinced信服的；D.prepared准备好的。根据前文“Ispokebest”及后文“familiarwithmytopic”可知，充分准备是演讲好的前提。【32题详解】考查形容词。句意：诸如控制语速、有意进行眼神交流等技巧也被证明有助于我保持冷静。A.strange奇怪的；B.useful有用的；C.special特别的；D.uncertain不确定的。根据后文“helpingmestaycalm”可知，这些技巧是有效的。【33题详解】考查名词。句意：渐渐地，我学会了缓解恐慌，坚持下去，直到真正的自信回归。A.regret遗憾；B.anger愤怒；C.panic恐慌；D.boredom无聊。根据前文“Panichitme”可知，此处对应缓解这种恐慌情绪。【34题详解】考查动词短语。句意同上。A.cameback回来；B.heldup支撑；C.woreoff逐渐消失；D.brokedown崩溃。根据前文“theconfidenceIoncehadhad”可知，此处指自信重新回归。【35题详解】考查动词。句意：多年后，我创立了“无畏公众演讲”机构，指导他人从恐惧走向自信。A.persuade说服；B.force强迫；C.guide指导；D.remind提醒。根据前文作者克服恐惧的经历，结合后文“otherstomovefromfeartoconfidence”可知，创立机构是为了指导有同样困扰的人。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。ChinaisacceleratingeffortstoadvanceitsHealthyChinaInitiative,____36____(aim)toraisetheaveragelifeexpectancyandimprovepeople’shealthfurtherduringthenextfiveyears.By2030,theaveragelifeexpectancyoftheChinesepeopleisexpectedtoreach80years,oneyearlongerthanthatin2024,accordingtotophealthofficialLeiHaichao,____37____(direct)oftheNationalHealthCommission.Tothisend,therecommendationsthat____38____(release)in2025offeredaseriesofmeasures,includingincreasingpublichealthcapacity,strengtheningthediseasecontrolsystem____39____effectivelycontrollingmajorinfectiousdiseases,saidLei.____40____(notable),therecommendationscalledforasoundsystemtobeestablishedtoprovidefulllife-cyclepopulationservicestoall.____41____affordablechildcaresystemwillbeestablishedtohelpreducethecostsofchildbirth,parentingandeducationforfamilies,Leisaid.Effortswillalsobemade____42____(encourage)localgovernmentstoprioritizehealthpromotionasakeygoalforhigh-qualityeconomicandsocialdevelopment,Leisaid.Healtheducationwillbeintegrated____43____thenationaleducationsystem,____44____willattractwideattention.Withtheelderlypopulation____45____(expect)tocontinuerisingduringthe15thFive-YearPlanperiod,safeguardingseniors’healthwillbeessentialtoachieve