学位英语-词汇语法

1.对过去的推测时对过去

的推测时

Couldhavedone:本来能...

Wouldhavedone：本来会...

Shouldhavedone：本来应该（本应做某事而

实际上没做）……

Mighthavedone：过去可能已做了某事

4.宾语从句是特殊疑问句

时，从句的主语谓语语序要

按陈述句

Whatdoyouwanttoeat?

Iwanttoknowwhatyou

wanttoeat.

非谓语动词

Doing正在进行，主动（主

语主动发出的动作），习惯，

兴趣，主动

Sittingonthesofa,he

watcheslotsofsoapopera.

Whenheissittingonthe

sofa,hewatcheslotsofsoap

opera.

Havingdone（dong的完成

时,表示比谓语动作先完

成，主语主动发出）

Havingfinishedmysupper,

Iwentupstairs.

Todo不定式：计划，将来,

目的，也是主语主动发出

Togotoschool,hehasto

workhard.

Iwanttosleep.

Done已完成，被动

Beatenbyhisfather,theboy

criedsadly.

Becausehewasbeatenby

hisfather,theboycried

sadly.

主语：

代词：sheisagirl.

名词：Thispenisvery

cheap.

Ving:Shoppingismy

favorite.

Todo:Toseeistobelieve.

主语从句：

Whatshesaidisnotcorrect.

SbSpendtime/money

doingsth

SbSpendtimeindoingsth

SbSpendtimeonsth

Ispent100RMBonthis

book.\

Ispent100RMB(in)

buyingthisbook.

Itcost/tookme100RMBto

buythisbook.

喜欢做

Befondofdoing

Enjoydoing

Wouldlove/liketodo

ShowsbaroundGZ

Showsbintotheroom

Bechosenas/tobe+〜

Keepsth/sb+adj

Thiswillkeepyouyoung.

Bemade+身份被选为

Letsbdosth=allowsbtodo

Makesbdosth迫使

Persuadesbintodoingsth

说服。。。。

Persuadesbtodo

Makesbdo迫使某人

做。。。

Letsbdo让某人做

Afterwards,Ilearnt....

Draw〜

sbfeelshockedatsth

Sthbeshocking.

Sbbeinterestedinsth

Sthbeinteresting.

Ifeeltired.

Readingistiring.

Bealoud/asleep/alive（只

做表语，不可以做定语）

Thebabyisasleep.

Anasleepbaby（错）

Loudadv/adj

Fastadv/adj

Herunsfast.

Heisfast.

Nolonger

Henolongerlovesyou.

Helovesyounolonger.

Not...anylonger

Hedoesnotloveyouany

longer.

Nomore

Not...anymore

Idon'tlikehimatall.

7种基本的英语句型

1.S+V（不及物动词vi）

Ising/run.

2.S+V（及物动词vt）+0（宾语）

Iloveapples.

3.S+V（去动词）+C（主语补语，表语）

Sheisagirl.Sheispretty.

系动词：be,become,get,grow,感官动词

Smell,look,feel,taste,sound.•起来

Sth/sb+感官动词+adj

Youlookgood.

Yourhairfeelssmooth.

4.S+V（收受动词）+0（间接宾）+O（直

宾）

Igavehimabook.

收受动词：give,take,bring,fetch,send,

deliver=send

5.S+V（不及物动词）+A（状语）

Irunveryfast.Iruninthepark.

状语有9种，可以延伸为9种状语从句

（时间，地点，方式，原因，结果，让

ooooooo）

6.S+V（及物动词）+O+C（宾语补语）

IcallhimJohn.

7.S+V（及物动词）+O+A

Iateanappleinahurry.

Ithinkthatheisagoodman.（复合句）有

从句，有主句

Ithinksth.

heisagoodman.

数字+hundred+N

Hundredsof+N

The+first/second.・・+最高

级oooo

Adv

i.修饰动词

Herunsfast.

2.修饰形容词

Sheisverypretty.

3.修饰adv

Herunsveryfast.

Inall总共

Afterall毕竟

Aboveall尤其是

Not...atall完全不Idon'tlovehimat

all.

Don'ttreathimlikethat,allheis

justakid.

Ilikefruits,allbananas.

Afteratwo-hourtalk

Heisa13-year-oldboy.

Heis13yearsold.

Except,exceptfor,exceptthat,besides

除了。。之外

Except（除了。。之外，排除），besides

（除了。。之外，包括），beside在。。旁

边

Weallwenttothepartyexcepthim.（他没

有去）

Weallwenttothepartybesideshim.（他

有去）

Except（不可以用在句首），exceptfor（可

在句首，句中）,exceptthat,

当exceptfor用在句首时，意思与Except

一样

Exceptforhim,weallwenttotheparty.=

Weallwenttothepartyexcepthim.（他没

有去）

当exceptfor用在句中时，表示整体与部

分关系：

Youressayisverygoodexceptforsome

spellingmistakes.

exceptthat+句子

Sbusedtodo过去常常，现在已不做。。。

sthbeusedtodo被用来。。。（被动）

sbbeusedtodoing习惯做。°。。

Iwaswashingmyhairwhen突然the

phonerang.

When（当。。。时）Iwas17,sheleftme.

Hasbeento（去了回来了）

Hasgoneto（去了未回来）

HaveyoubeentoHK?（是否

去过某地）

Ihavebeento....

By+过去动词用haddone

By+将来动词用

will/wouldhavedone

Bytheendofthismonth,

youwouldhavefinished

thisbook.

BythetimeIwenttothe

station,thetrainhadalready

gone.

虚拟语气

Hesuggestedthatshe

athome.

A.staysBstayedC

stay

Itwasimportantthathe

____now.

A.leaveBleavedCleaves

sth+want,need,require+doing

Yourhairneedswashing.=yourhair

needstobewashed

Theflowerwantswatering.=theflower

wantstobewatered

Want等词十doing表示主语被做。。。

TheboywithbooksisJim.

Doyoumindnotsmokinghere?

定语：前置aprettygirl

后置afriendofmyfather

Abankinthecity

It'snousedoingsth做某事是无用

It's+adjfor/ofsbtodosth

It'sverykindofyoutohelpme.

Forget,remember,regret后悔，遗憾

Forgettodo未做

Forgetdoing已做

A:Iremembercthedoorwhen

Ileft,whyit'sstillopen?

B:Ithinkyouforgot_bit.

.A.lockb,tolock,ClockingD

locked

Sbfeel/beshockedatsth

NosoonerhadIsatdownforawhile

thanthephonerang.

Hardly.........when一..・就・・・・

Nosooner.....than........

Little很少

Alittle一些

Quitealittle相当多

Few

Afew

Quiteafew

Ididn'tseehimuntilthenext。。。

Hereweare.=wearehere.

Herecomesthebus.=thebuscomes

here.

Thereisacar.

Therehavebeentwohousesthere....

Havetherebeen

Have,has,do,did,can,could辅助动

词

否定：Hardly,never,neither,nor,

scarcely,few,little

否定含义的词放在句子前，引起部分

倒装,需要把辅助动词提前

Letusdoit,?Willyou

Let'sdoit,?Shallwe

Youdon'tmindmysmokinghere,do

you?

Yes,pleasedon'tsmokehere.

No,goahead.

Need/dare情态动词(can)

Youcan'tsmokehere.

Youcansmokehere.

Youneedn'thelpme.

Youneedhelpme.

Need/dare实意动词(want)

Youwanttoswim.

Youdon'twanttoswim.

Youneedtogo.

Youdon'tneedtogo.二

Youneedn'tgo.

Sitdown.

Youdon'tsitdown.

Doyousitdown?

Dositdown.（务必）

Comehomebefore8.

Docomehomebefore8.

Ithinkweshouldhelphim.

Wherewillyougo?

IwanttoknowWhereyouwillgo.

Whoisthisman?

Whenwillyoucome?

Idon'tknow____________

定语从句

1.当空格前有介词，答案只有which,

whom