大学英语四级改革适用（阅读）模拟试卷672

大学英语四级改革适用（阅读）模拟试

卷672

一、仔细阅读（本题共20题，每题1.0分，共20分。）

DNAsequencesfromsomeofthemostdeadlypathogens（病原体）knowntomancanbe

boughtovertheInternet,:hcGuardianhasdiscovered.Inaninvestigationwhichshows

theeasewithwhichterroristorganizationscouldobtainthebasicingredientsofbiological

weapons,thisnewspaperobtainedashortsequenceofsmallpox（天才它）DNA.Thedeadly

virushasexistedonlyinlaboratoriessincebeingeradicatedfromtheworld'spopulation

30yearsago.TheDNAsequenceofsmallpox,aswellasotherpotentiallydangerous

pathogenssuchaspoliovirusand1918fluarcfreelyavailableinonlinepublicdatabases.

Sotobuildavirusfromscratch,aterroristwouldsimplyorderconsecutivelengthsof

DNAalongthesequenceandgluethemtogetherinthecorrectorder.Thisisbeyondthe

skillsandequipmentofthekitchenchemist,butcouldbeachievedbyawell-funded

terroristwithaccesstoabasiclabandPhD-levelpersonnel.Onestudyestimatedthat

becausemostpeopleontheplanethavenoresistancetotheextinctvirus,aninitial

releasewhichinfectedjust10peoplewouldspreadto2.2millionpeoplein180days.The

DNAsampleweorderedhad,atourrequest,threesmallmodificationstorenderit

harmlessbeforeitwassentbyposttoaresidentialaddressinLondon.Thecompanyhas

concededthatitwasnotawareitwassendingoutasequenceofmodifiedsmallpoxDNA.

TherearelegitimatereasonsforresearcherstobuylengthsofDNAfrompathogens,for

exampleindevelopingtreatmentsorvaccinesagainstthem.However,becausethis

industryissonewandunregulated,companiesaresellingcustom-madeDNAwithout

makingthoroughchecksontheidentifiesofrhepeoplewhoareplacingtheordersor

whatthesequencesare.OfthefourmaincompaniesoperatingintheUK,nonecurrently

screensalltheirDNAorders.Thereare39companiesoperatinginNorthAmericaand

notallscreentheirorders.

1、Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutsmallpoxistrue?

A、It'sadeadlyvirusdestroyedcompletely30yearsago.

B、ItcanfreelybeboughtovertheInternet.

C、Evenatpresent,itcanonlybeobtainedfromthelabs.

D、For30yearsnooneontheplanethaspickedupsmallpox.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：细节题。根据短文第二段最后一句Thedeadlyvirushasexistedonly

inlaboratoriessincebeingeradicatedfromtheworld'spopulation30yearsago.即这种

致命的天花病毒自从30年前被灭绝以后，只存在于实验室里。由此可知，答案为

Ao

2、Theunderlinedword'consecutive"inthe3rdparagraphmeans.

A^serial

B、equal

C、different

D、same

标准答案：A

知识点解析：词汇题。由题干可定位到第三段…orderconsecutivelengthsofDNA...

根据下文中alongthesequence…（依照序列）并分析语义可知此处consecutive应表示

连续长度的DNA。故答案选A。

3、WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?

A^Thenewindustrygivesterroristsawholenewopportunitytomakeanduse

biologicalweapons.

B>AkitchenchemistcanputtheDNAhebuysintherightordertorebuildavirus.

C、Oursocietyistobethreatenedbythenew,unregulatedindustry.

D、Notallpeopleontheearthcouldresistthevirusnolongerexisting.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：细节题。根据短文第三段最后一句Thisisbeyondiheskillsand

equipnientofthekitchenchemist…意为kitchenchemist不具备此技术和设备,由此可

知答案为B。

4、ThecompanywhoseDNASamplesweordered.

didnotknonwhatisreallysentoutthen

B、hasadmitteditknewwhatitwasreallydoing

C^wasanewoneinthisindustry

D^sentoutthesampleDNAtoanofficeinLondon

标准答案：A

知识点解析：细节题。文章倒数第三段最后指出Thecompanyhasconcededthatit

wasnotawareitwassendingoutasequenceofmodifiedsmallpoxDNA.意为这家公司

承认当时并没有意识到送出的是一段改变了序列的天花DNAo由此可判断这家公

司并不知道当时发生了叶么，现在才知道。故答案A正确，B错误。选项C在文

中没有提及：根据…sentbyposttoaresidentialaddressinLondon…可排除选项Do

故选Ao

5^Itcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthat.

A^nocompanieschecktheDNAordersatpresent

B、thereareonly39companiesinthisindustryoperatinginAmerica

C^somemeasuresmustbetakentoregulatethisindustry

D、videocamerasmustbeinstalledtomonitorthecompaniesandtheorders

标准答案：D

知识点解析：推断题。作者在最后一段主要讲在英国和北美从事此行业的各大公司

并没有对订购DNA序列的订单进行监控，由此可推断出可以安装摄像机来监督这

些公司和订单。故选D。

I'vebeenwritingformostofmylife.ThebookWritingWithoutTeachersintroducedme

toonedistinctionandonepracticethathashelpedmywritingprocessestremendously.

Thedistinctionisbetweenthecreativemindandthecriticalmind.Whileyouneedto

employbothtogettoafinishedresult,theycannotworkinparallelnomatterhowmuch

wemightliketothinkso.Tryingtocriticizewritingontheflyispossiblythesingle

greatestbarriertowritingthatmostofusencounter.Ifyouarelisteningtothat5thgrade

Englishteachercorrectyourgrammarwhileyouarctryingtocaptureafleeting(梢纵即

逝的)thought,thethoughtwilldie.Ifyoucapturethefleetingthoughtandsimplyshareit

withtheworldinrawform,nooneislikelytounderstand.Youmustlearntocreatefirst

andthencriticizeifyouwanttomakewritingthetoolforthinkingthatitis.Thepractice

thatcanhelpyoupastyourlearnedbadhabitsoftryingtoeditasyouwriteiswhatElbow

calls"freewriting."Infreewriting,theobjectiveistogetwordsdownonpapernon-stop,

usuallyfbr15-20minutes.Nostopping,nogoingback,nocriticizing.Thegoalistoget

thewordsflowing.Asthewordsbegintoflow,theideaswillcomeoutfromtheshadows

andletthemselvesbecapturedonyournotepadoryourscreen.Nowyouhaveraw

materialsthatyoucanbegintoworkwithusingthecriticalmindthatyou'vepersuadedto

sitonthesideandwatchquietly.Mostlikely,youwillbelievethatthiswilltakemore

timethanyouactuallyhaveandyouwillendupstaringblanklyatthepageasthe

deadlinedrawsnear.Insteadofstaringatablankscreenstartfillingitwithwordsno

matterhowbad.Halfwaythroughyouravailabletime,stopandreworkyourrawwriting

intosomethingclosertofinishedproduct.Movebackandforthuntilyourunoutoftime

andthefinalresultwillmostlikelybefarbetterthanyourcurrentpractices.

6、Whentheauthorsaysthecreativemindandthecriticalmind"cannotworkin

parallel"(Lines3-4,Para.1)inthewritingprocess,hemeans.

A、noonecanbebothcreativeandcritical

B、theycannotberegardedasequallyimportant

C、theyareinconstantconflictwitheachother

D、onecannotusethematthesametime

标准答案：D

知识点解析：暂无解析

7、Whatpreventspeoplefromwritingonis

A^puttingtheirideasinrawform

B、attemptingtoeditastheywrite

C、ignoringgrammaticalsoundness

D、tryingtocapturefleetingthoughts

标准答案：B

知识点解析：暂无解析

8、Whatisthechiefobjectiveofthefirststageofwriting?

A、Toorganizeone'sthoughtslogically.

B、Tochooseanappropriatetopic.

C、Togetone'sideasdown.

D、Tocollectrawmaterials.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：哲无解析

9、Onecommonconcernofwritersabout"freewriting"isthat

A、itoverstressestheroleofthecreativemind

B、ittakestoomuchtimetoeditafterwards

C^itmaybringabouttoomuchcriticism

D^itdoesnothelpthemtothinkclearly

标准答案：B

知识点解析：暂无解析

10^Inwhatwaydoesthecriticalmindhelpthewriterinthewritingprocess?

A、itrefineshis/herwritingintobettershape.

B、Ithelpshim/hertocomeupwithnewideas.

C、Itsavesthewritingtimeavailabletohim/her.

D、Itallowshim/hertositonthesideandobserve.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：暂无解析

ReachingnewpeaksofpopularityinNorthAmericaisIcebergWater,whichisharvested

fromicebergsoffthecoastofNewfoundland,Canada.ArthurvonWiesenbcrger,who

carriesthetitleWaterMaster,isoneofthefewwatercriticsinNorthAmerica.Asaboy,

hespenttimeinthelargercitiesofItaly,FranceandSv/itzerland,wherebottledwateris

consumeddaily.Eventhen,hekeptawaterjournal,notingthebrandshelikedbest."My

dogcouldtellthedifferencebetweenbottledandtapwater,"hesays.Butisplaintap

waterallthatbad?Notatall.Infact,NewYork'smunicipalwaterformorethana

centurywascalledthechampagneoftapwateranduntilrecentlyconsideredamongrhe

bestintheworldintermsofbothtasteandpurity.Similarly,amagazineinEngland

foundthattapwaterfromtheThamesRivertastedbetterthanseveralleadingbrandsof

bottledwaterthatwere400timesmoreexpensive.Nevertheless,soft-drinkcompanies

viewbottledwaterasthenextbattle-groundformarketshare-thisdespitethefactthat

over25percentofbottledwatercomesfromtapwater:PepsiCo'sAquafinaandCoca-

Cola'sDasaniarebothpurifiedtapwaterratherthanspringwater.Asdinersthirstfor

leadingbrands,bottlersandrestaurateurssalivate(垂涎)overtheprofits.Arestaurant's

typicalmark-uponwineis10()to150percent,whereasonbottledwaterit'soften300to

500percent.Butsincewaterismuchcheaperthanwine,andmanyofthefancierbrands

aren'tavailableinstores,mostdinersdon'tnoticeorcare.Asaresult,somerestaurants

areturningupthepressuretosellbottledwater.AccordingtoanarticleinTheWall

StreetJournal,someofthemoreshamelesstacticsincludeplacingattractivebouleson

thetableforavisualsell,listingbrandsonthemenuwithoutprices,andpouringbottled

waterwithoutevenaskingthedinersiftheywantit.Regardlessofhowit'ssold,the

popularityofbottledwatertapsintoourdesireforbetterhealth,ourwishtoappear

cultivated,andevenalongingforlostpurity.

11、WhatdoweknowaboutIcebergWaterfromthepassage?

A、Itisakindoficedwater.

B、Itisjustplaintapwater.

C、Itisakindofbottledwater.

D^Itisakindofmineralwater.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：暂无解析

12^Bysaying"Mydogcouldtellthedifferencebetweenbottledandtapwater"(Lines

3〜4,Para.2),vonWiesenbergerwantstoconveythemessagethat.

A、plaintapwateriscertainlyunfitfordrinking

B、bottledwaterisclearlysuperiortotapwater

C、bottledwateroftenappealsmoretodogs*taste

D、dogscanusuallydetectafinedifferenceintaste

标准答案：B

知识点解析：暂无解析

13^The"fancierbrands"(Line3,Para.5)refersto.

A、tapwaterfromtheThamesRiver

B、famouswinesnotsoldinordinarystores

C>PepsiCo'sAquafinaandCoca-Cola'sDasani

D、expensivebottledwaterwithimpressivenames

标准答案：D

知识点解析：暂无解析

14、Whyarcsuineicslauranlslumiiigupihepressurelosellbulliedwaler?

A、Bottledwaterbringsinhugeprofits.

B、Competitionfromthewineindustryisintense.

C、Mostdinersfindbottledwateraffordable.

D、Bottledwatersatisfiesdiners,desiretobefashionable.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：暂无解析

15、Accordingtothepassage,whyisbottledwatersopopular?

Itismuchcheaperthanwine.

B、Itisconsideredhealthier.

C、Itappealstomorecultivatedpeople.

D^Itismorewidelypromotedinthemarket.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：暂无解析

Aswehaveseen,thefocusofmedicalcareinoursocietyhasbeenshiftingfromcuring

diseasetopreventingdisease-especiallyintermsofchangingourmanyunhealthy

behaviors,suchaspooreatinghabits,smoking,andfailuretoexercise.Thelineof

thoughtinvolvedinthisshiftcanbepursuedfurther.Imagineapersonwhoisaboutthe

rightweight,butdoesnoteatverynutritious（有营养的）foods,whofeelsOKbut

exercisesonlyoccasionally,whogoestoworkeveryday,butisnotanoutstanding

worker,whodrinksafewbeersathomemostnightsbutdocsnotdrivewhiledrunk,and

whohasnochestpainsorabnormalbloodcounts,butsleepsalotandoftenfeelstired.

Thispersonisnotill.Hemaynotevenbeatriskforanyparticulardisease.Butwecan

imaginethatthispersoncouldbealothealthier.Thefieldofmedicinehasnot

traditionallydistinguishedbetweensomeonewhoismerely"notill"andsomeonewhois

inexcellenthealthandpaysattentiontothebody'sspecialneeds.Bothtypeshavesimply

beencalled"well".Inrecentyears,however,somehealthspecialistshavebeguntoapply

theterms"well"and"wellness"onlytothosewhoarcactivelystrivingtomaintainand

improvetheirhealth.Peoplewhoarewellareconcernedwithnutritionandexercise,and

theymakeapointofmonitoringtheirbody'scondition.Mostimportantly,perhaps,

peoplewhoarewelltakeactiveresponsibilityforallmattersrelatedtotheirhealth.Even

peoplewhohaveaphysicaldiseaseorhandicap（缺陷）maybe"well",inthisnewsense,

iftheymakeanefforttomaintainthebestpossiblehealththeycaninthefaceoftheir

physicallimitations."Wellness"mayperhapsbestbeviewednotasastatethatpeople

canachieve,butasanidealthatpeoplecanstrivefor.Peoplewhoarewellarelikelytobe

betterabletoresistdiseaseandtofightdiseasewhenitstrikes.Andbyfocusingattention

onhealthywaysoflivingtheconceptofwellnesscanhaveabeneficialimpactonthe

waysinwhichpeoplefacethechallengesofdailylife.

16NTodaymedical