2026年大学英语四级笔试语法拓展专项解析卷

2026年大学英语四级笔试语法拓展专项解析卷一、单选题（每题1分，共20分）1.Thecompanyisconsidering______anewfactoryinthesuburbs.A.buildB.tobuildC.buildingD.built【答案】C【解析】considerdoingsth.表示考虑做某事，固定搭配。2.IfI______you,Iwouldapologizetoherimmediately.A.amB.wereC.beD.was【答案】B【解析】虚拟语气中，if从句用过去式表示与现在事实相反。3.______hardheworks,______hewillsucceed.A.Theharder,theharderB.Harder,harderC.Themorehard,themorehardD.Theharder,themorehard【答案】A【解析】the+比较级...,the+比较级...表示越...越...4.Notonly______butalsohisbrother______interestedincollectingstamps.A.heis,isB.ishe,isC.heis,areD.ishe,are【答案】B【解析】notonly位于句首时，主句部分需要部分倒装。5.Thisbookis______interestingthateveryonewantstoreadit.A.so,asB.such,thatC.so,thatD.such,as【答案】B【解析】such...that...表示如此...以至于...6.Theteacheraskedthestudents______theyhadfinishedtheirhomework.A.ifB.whetherC.thatD.what【答案】B【解析】whether...or...表示是否，引导宾语从句。7.______shearrives,we'llstartthemeeting.A.AssoonasB.UntilC.BeforeD.After【答案】A【解析】assoonas表示一...就...8.It'snecessaryforus______Englishwell.A.tolearnB.learnC.learningD.tobelearning【答案】A【解析】itisnecessaryforsb.todosth.表示某人有必要做某事。9.Themanagerdidn'trealize______hisdecisionhadcaused.A.whateffectB.theeffectC.thateffectD.whicheffect【答案】B【解析】realizetheeffectofsth.表示意识到某事的效果。10.IwishI______speakFrenchfluently.A.canB.couldC.willD.may【答案】B【解析】wish后接虚拟语气，表示与现在事实相反。11.Thecompanyis______toopenanewbranchnextmonth.A.planB.planningC.plansD.planned【答案】B【解析】beplanningtodosth.表示计划做某事。12.______shegoes,Iwillfollowher.A.WhateverB.WheneverC.WhereverD.Whoever【答案】C【解析】wherever表示无论哪里。13.Thebook______Iborrowedfromthelibraryisveryinteresting.A.whichB.thatC.whoD.whom【答案】B【解析】that引导定语从句，修饰book。14.Heisinterested______readingandswimming.A.inB.onC.atD.with【答案】A【解析】beinterestedindoingsth.表示对做某事感兴趣。15.Thestudentswereasked______quietly.A.tositB.sitC.sittingD.sat【答案】A【解析】asksb.todosth.表示让某人做某事。16.Thisisthe______timeIhavevisitedthismuseum.A.firstB.firstlyC.oneD.second【答案】A【解析】the+序数词+time表示第几次。17.Sheis______tofinishtheworkontime.A.possibleB.possiblyC.possibilityD.possibly【答案】B【解析】possibly修饰动词finish。18.Theteachertoldthestudents______theyshouldstudyharder.A.thatB.ifC.whetherD.what【答案】A【解析】tellsb.that...表示告诉某人...19.Theman______Ispoketowasveryhelpful.A.whoB.thatC.whomD.whose【答案】B【解析】that引导定语从句，修饰man。20.Thebook______onthetableismine.A.lieB.liesC.lyingD.lay【答案】B【解析】lie表示躺，位于句中时用一般现在时。二、多选题（每题4分，共20分）1.Whichofthefollowingsentencesiscorrect?A.Heisinterestedintoplaybasketball.B.Thebookiseasytoread.C.Idon'tknowwhereheis.D.Sheishappytoseeyou.E.Theyareinterestedinwatchingmovies.【答案】B、D、E【解析】A项应去掉to；C项whereheis是宾语从句；B、D、E项表达正确。2.Choosethecorrectsentences:A.Ifitrainstomorrow,wewillstayathome.B.Heistootiredtowalkfurther.C.Shewenttothestore,butshedidn'tbuyanything.D.Theyaretooyoungtounderstandtheproblem.E.Idon'tknowifhewillcome.【答案】A、B、C、D、E【解析】所有句子均表达正确。3.Identifythecorrectsentences:A.Theboywholivesnextdoorismyfriend.B.Thegirlissingingismysister.C.Thebookwhichyougavemeisveryinteresting.D.ThemanthatIsawyesterdayismyteacher.E.Thewomanistalkingtohimismymother.【答案】A、C、D【解析】B项应改为Thegirlwhoissinging...；E项应改为Thewomanwhomheistalkingto...4.Choosethecorrectsentences:A.Heisinterestedinreadingbooks.B.Sheisinterestedintoplaythepiano.C.Theboyisinterestedinswimming.D.TheyareinterestedinwatchingTV.E.IaminterestedintolearnEnglish.【答案】A、C、D【解析】B、E项应去掉to。5.Identifythecorrectsentences:A.IfIwereyou,Iwouldapologize.B.Themoreyoustudy,thebetteryouwilldo.C.Sheisastallashersister.D.IwishIcouldspeakFrenchfluently.E.Heistallerthanme.【答案】A、B、C、D、E【解析】所有句子均表达正确。三、填空题（每题2分，共16分）1.Thecompanyisconsidering______anewfactoryinthesuburbsnextyear.2.IfI______you,Iwouldapologizetoherimmediately.3.______hardheworks,______hewillsucceed.4.Notonly______butalsohisbrother______interestedincollectingstamps.5.Thisbookis______interestingthateveryonewantstoreadit.6.Theteacheraskedthestudents______theyhadfinishedtheirhomework.7.______shearrives,we'llstartthemeeting.8.It'snecessaryforus______Englishwell.【答案】1.building2.were3.Theharder,theharder4.is,is5.such,that6.whether7.Assoonas8.tolearn四、判断题（每题2分，共10分）1.Twonegativesmakeapositive.（）【答案】（×）【解析】两个否定词不一定使句子变肯定，需根据语境判断。2.Youcan'tmakeanomeletwithoutbreakingeggs.（）【答案】（√）【解析】谚语表示做某事必然会有困难或损失。3.ThebookthatIborrowedfromthelibraryisveryinteresting.（）【答案】（√）【解析】that引导定语从句，表达正确。4.Ifitrainstomorrow,wewillstayathome.（）【答案】（√）【解析】条件状语从句表达正确。5.ThemanwhoIspoketowasveryhelpful.（）【答案】（√）【解析】who引导定语从句，表达正确。五、简答题（每题3分，共15分）1.Explainthestructureandfunctionofthepassivevoice.【解析】Passivevoicestructure:Subject+be+pastparticiple.Function:Itfocusesontheactionorresultratherthantheactor.Example:"ThebookwaswrittenbyJohn."emphasizesthebookratherthanJohn.2.Whatisthedifferencebetween"must"and"haveto"?【解析】"Must"expressesstrongnecessityorobligation,while"haveto"indicatesnecessityimposedbyothersorcircumstances.Example:"Imustfinishthework"(strongpersonalobligation);"Ihavetofinishthework"(externalobligation).3.Howdoesthesubjunctivemoodexpresswishesorsuggestions?【解析】Thesubjunctivemoodusesthepasttenseformofverbs(e.g.,"were"insteadof"was").Example:"IfIwereyou,Iwouldapologize"expressesawishorsuggestion.4.Explaintheuseof"so...that..."and"such...that..."structures.【解析】"So...that..."and"such...that..."bothintroduceclausesofresult."So+adjective/adverb,that..."(e.g.,"Sohardheworked,thathesucceeded")."Such+noun,that..."(e.g.,"Suchabook,thateveryonewantstoreadit").5.Whatisthefunctionofrelativeclausesinsentences?【解析】Relativeclauses(who,which,that)provideadditionalinformationaboutnouns.Example:"ThebookthatIboughtisinteresting"specifieswhichbook.Theycanberestrictive(essential)ornon-restrictive(non-essential).六、分析题（每题10分，共20分）1.Analyzethefollowingsentencestructure:"Themanwholivesnextdoorismyfriend."【解析】Thisisacomplexsentencewitharelativeclause."Theman"isthemainsubject,and"wholivesnextdoor"isarelativeclausemodifying"theman."Theclauseprovidesadditionalinformationaboutwhichmanisbeingreferredto.Thesentencestructureisgrammaticallycorrectandclear.2.Analyzetheuseofconditionalsentencesinthefollowingparagraph:"Ifitrainstomorrow,wewillstayathome.Otherwise,wewillgotothepark.Ifwegotothepark,wewillplayfootball."【解析】Theparagraphcontainsthreeconditionalsentences:1.Firstconditional:"Ifitrainstomorrow,wewillstayathome."(realpossibility)2.Secondconditional:"Otherwise,wewillgotothepark."(alternativesituation)3.Firstconditional:"Ifwegotothepark,wewillplayfootball."(realpossibility)Thesentencesshowdifferentconditionsandtheiroutcomes,demonstratingtheuseofconditionalstructurestoexpresslogicalrelationships.七、综合应用题（每题25分，共50分）1.Rewritethefollowingparagraphusingthepassivevoicewhereappropriate:"Theteacherexplainedthelessontothestudents.Thestudentsdiscussedtheproblem.Theteacheransweredtheirquestions."【解析】Thelessonwasexplainedbytheteachertothestudents.Theproblemwasdiscussedbythestudents.Theirquestionswereansweredbytheteacher.Thepassivevoicefocusesontheaction(explaining,discussing,answering)ratherthantheactor(theteacher,thestudents),makingtheparagraphmoreformalandobjective.2.Writeaparagraphof100wordsusingatleastfivedifferenttypesofclauses(e.g.,relative,conditional,subjunctive,imperative,adverbial):"IfIwereyou,Iwouldapologizeimmediately.ThebookthatIborrowedfromthelibraryisveryintere