贵州省铜仁市2024-2025学年高三年下学期第三次模拟考试（4月）英语试题（含答案）

第第页贵州省铜仁市2024-2025学年高三年下学期第三次模拟考试（4月）英语试题一、AMuseumshavechanged.Nowadaysyou'llfindamuseumforabsolutelyeverythingandeveryone.Thesecollectionsareodd,wonderfulandworthavisit.MuseumofBadArtBoston,MassachusettsThemissionofMOBAistocollect,exhibitandcelebrateartthatwillbeshowninnoothervenue.Themuseum'snewlocation,intheDorchesterBrewingCo.,assumesvisitorswouldneedadrinkafterseeingthiswork.HighlightsincludeLucyintheFieldwithFlowers,apaintingfoundin1993leaningagainstatrashbarrel,waitingforgarbagecollection.InternationalTennisHallofFameNewport,RhodeIslandTheInternationalTennisHallofFamewasbuiltonthesiteofthefirstUnitedStatesNationalLawnTennisChampionshipsin1881.AhighlightisaKingCourtfor"courttennis",firstplayedbymonksandkingsdatingbackto1538.Thereareonly10suchcourtsinNorthAmerica,astheycostapproximately$3milliontomake,butvisitorstothemuseumcanrentitandplay.NationalComedyCenterJamestown,NewYorkBasedinLucilleBall'shometown,thismuseumfeaturesexhibitssuchasJerrySeinfeld'spuffyshirtandJoanRivers'scardcatalogof65,000jokes.Beforeentering,visitorschoosewhattheyfindfunny,andthedataiscollectedonadigitalchiptheywearonawristsothatthecomedycontentiscustomizedbasedontheirpersonaltaste.SpamMuseumAustin,MinnesotaDedicatedonlytothemuch-mockedbrandofprecookedmeat,thisfree14,000-square-footmuseumtellsthehistoryoftheHormelcompany,theoriginatorofSpam,anditsmarkontheworld.HighlightsincludeMontyPython'sfamous"Spam"sketchandfree"samples"givenoutbyvolunteerguides.1．WhatmakestheMuseumofBadArtspecial?A．Ithasalotofhighlights.B．Itoffersdrinkstovisitors.C．Itcollectsartthatisnotshownelsewhere.D．Itsworksarewaitingforgarbagecollection.2．Whichcityshouldyougoifyouareinterestedinsports?A．Boston,Massachusetts. B．Newport,RhodeIsland.C．Jamestown,NewYork. D．Austin,Minnesota.3．Wheredoesthepassagemostlikelycomefrom?A．Atravelmagazine. B．Ahistorytextbook.C．Ascientificjournal. D．Acookingwebsite.二、BIhavebeenpassionateaboutpublicwelfaresincechildhood,butIneverimaginedthataChinesefigurenamedLeiFengwouldbecomeanintegralpartofmylife—myguidingstarandtheinspirationbehindaglobalmovement.In2018,IcametoChinaforthefirsttimetostudyatJiangxiUniversityofFinanceandEconomics(JUFE)andactivelyparticipatedintheuniversity'spublicwelfareactivities.Duringtheseevents,localpeopleoftencalledme"YangLeiFeng",whichIlaterlearnedmeans"foreignLeiFeng".Curious,Ilookedhimuponlineanddiscoveredayoungsoldierknownforhisselflessnessanddedicationtohelpingothers.ThemoreIread,themoreIsawhowhisvaluesalignedwiththeprinciplesIaspiredtouphold.InspiredbyLeiFeng'sspirit,IestablishedtheLeiFengInternationalVolunteerAssociationonMarch5,2021—LeiFengDay—alongsideyoungpeoplefromdifferentcountriesatJUFE.Ourmissionistosupportchildrenwithspecialneeds,assisttheelderly,promoteenvironmentalawareness,empowerthrougheducation,andfostercross-culturalunderstanding.Throughtheseefforts,wecontinuetokeepLeiFeng'sspiritaliveinamodern,globalcontext.OnLeiFengDayin2025,ItookaboldsteptospreadhislegacybeyondChinabylaunchingtheglobal"LearnfromLeiFeng"campaign.Wecelebratedthedayinfivecountries—Bangladesh,Ghana,Kenya,Algeria,andChina—throughdiscussionsonhisbiography,charityprograms,andcommunityserviceactivities.Whatbeganasavisiontopromotehisvaluesinternationallyhassincegrownintoaglobalmovement,nowspanning15countries.Oureffortsnotonlystrengthencross-culturalbondsbutalsocontributetobuildingamorecompassionateandservice-orientedworld.Forme,thiscampaignrepresentsafull-circlemoment.FromdiscoveringLeiFeng'sstoryonlinetonowinspiringfuturegenerationstofollowinhisfootsteps,Iamremindedofhowoneperson'sstorycansparkamovement.4．Whywastheauthorcalled"YangLeiFeng"?A．HemajoredinpublicwelfareinJUFE.B．Heactivelyengagedinvolunteerwork.C．HestudiedLeiFeng'slifeonlinedeeply.D．Hesetupaninternationalvolunteerteam.5．WhatdoesLeiFengInternationalVolunteerAssociationfocuson?A．Enhancingculturalawarenessamongteenagers.B．Providingmedicalassistanceforthedisabled.C．Promotinginternationaleconomicdevelopment.D．Assistingchildrenwithspecialrequirements.6．Whatdoestheauthorthinkofthiscampaign?A．Ineffective. B．Disappointing. C．Successful. D．Challenging.7．Whatisthetexttryingtotellus?A．Asmallsparkcanstartagreatfire.B．Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.C．Romewasn'tbuiltinaday.D．Allgoodthingsmustcometoanend.三、CEachyear,theworldlosesabout10millionhectaresofforest—anareaaboutthesizeofIcelandbecauseofcuttingdowntrees.Atthatrate,somescientistspredicttheworld'sforestscoulddisappearin100to200years.Tohandleit,nowresearchersatMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology(MIT)havepioneeredatechniquetogeneratewood-likeplantmaterialsinalab.Thismakesitpossibleto"grow"awoodenproductwithoutcuttingdowntrees.Inthelab,theresearchersfirsttakecellsfromtheleavesofayoungplant.Thesecellsareculturedinliquidmediumfortwodays,thenmovedtoanothermediumwhichcontainsnutrientsandtwodifferenthormones(激素).Byadjustingthehormonelevels,theresearcherscantunethephysicalandmechanicalqualitiesofthecells.Next,theresearchersusea3Dprintertoshapethecell-basedmaterial,andlettheshapedmaterialgrowinthedarkforthreemonths.Finally,theresearchersdehydrate(使脱水)thematerial,andthenevaluateitsqualities.Theyfoundthatlowerhormonelevelsleadtoplantmaterialswithmorerounded,opencellsoflowerdensity(密度),whilehigherhormonelevelscontributetothegrowthofplantmaterialswithsmallerbutdensercellstructures.Lowerorhigherdensityofcellstructuresmakestheplantmaterialsflexible,helpingthematerialsgrowwithdifferentwood-likecharacteristics.What'smore,it'stobenotedthattheresearchprocessisabout100timesfasterthanthetimeittakesforatreetogrowtomaturity!Researchofthiskindisground-breaking."Thisworkdemonstratesthegreatpowerofatechnology,"saysleadresearcher,JeffreyBerenstain."Therealopportunityhereistobeatitsbestwithwhatyouuseandhowyouuseit.Thistechnologycanbetunedtomeettherequirementsyougiveaboutshapes,sizes,flexibility,andforms.Itenablesusto‘grow'anywoodenproductinawaythattraditionalagriculturalmethodscan'tachieve."8．What'sthepurposeofthestudy?A．Toprotectdiverseplants. B．Togrowmoretrees.C．Topredictdisappearingforests. D．Toreducetreelosses.9．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"tune"inparagraph2mean?A．Adopt. B．Change. C．Destroy. D．Increase.10．Whichcanbeconcludedabouttheplantmaterialsfromthefindings?A．Higherhormonelevelsproducelessdensecells.B．Lowerhormonelevelsleadtodensercellstructures.C．Thelevelofhormonesinfluencestheirflexibility.D．Theirdensityaffectstheshapeofthecells.11．Whatisthemostsuitabletitleofthetext?A．AnInnovativeTechniqueonPlantMaterials.B．AProfoundStudyonGlobalPlantGrowth.C．ProtectingPlantDiversityinNaturalForests.D．ComparingTreeGrowthinLabsandNature.四、DResearchersatUniversityCollegeLondonfoundthatboysinyear5andyear9inEnglandscoredsignificantlyhigherthangirlsinmathsandscienceinrecentinternationalassessments.DrJennieGolding,ofUCL'sInstituteofEducationandtheco-principalinvestigatoroftheresearchsaid,"Itisdifficulttosayexactlywhythisgaphasopenedupbutourfindingspointtosomefactorsincludingconfidenceandsocioeconomicstatus."Theimprovementbyboyswasparticularlynoticeableinmaths,wherethedataanalysisfoundthatgreaterconfidencewasstronglyassociatedwithhigherscoresinthequadrennialtestsconductedfortheTrendsinInternationalMathematicsandScienceStudy(TIMSS).Acrossbothyeargroupsinmathsandinyear9science,theresearchersfoundthatsignificantlyhigherpercentagesofboysreportedbeingveryconfidentonstatementsrelatedtomathsandscience,whilealargepercentageofgirlssaidtheywerenotconfident.Inyear9maths,21%ofboysand9%ofgirlsreportedtheywereveryconfident,while38%ofboysand60%ofgirlsreportedtheywerenotconfident.In2024,boysconsistentlyoutperformedgirlsatbothgradesinmaths,physics,economicsandstatistics.TIMSSusesthenumberofbooksathomeasanindex(指标)forsocioeconomicstatus.Stubborngapsremainbetweendisadvantagedpupilsandtheirbetter-offpeers.Theresearchersfoundasignificantgapbetweenpupilswhohadaccesstoalargenumberofbooksathomeandthosewhodidnot.Inyear9science,pupilsinhouseholdswithfewerthantenbooksathomescored461,comparedto601forthoseinhouseholdswithover200booksathome."Thosewhohavefewereducationalresourcesathomeneedextrafundsinordertoaccessthesameopportunitiestolearncomparedwiththeirbetter-resourcedpeers,"saidProfMaryRichardson,thestudy'sco-principalinvestigator.12．Whydidboysscorehigherinmathsandsciencethangirls?A．Becausetheyweremoreactive. B．Becausetheyweremoreintelligent.C．Becausetheyweremoreconfident. D．Becausetheyweremoretrustworthy.13．Whatcanwelearnfromthistext?A．Girlsoutperformedboysatbothgradesinphysics.B．Bookcollectioncouldimpactacademicperformance.C．Socioeconomicstatusplayedakeyroleinstudents'scores.D．Narrowgapsexistedbetweenstrugglingandwealthystudents.14．WhatdidProfMaryRichardsonsuggest?A．Reducingthedifficultyofexams.B．Boostingself-confidence.C．Increasingthenumberofschoolbooks.D．Providingmorefinancialsupport.15．Howdidresearchersconductthestudy?A．Bymakingcomparisons. B．Bymakingexplanations.C．Bygivingexamples. D．Bygivingdefinitions.五、阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。​​​​​​​Pursuinghobbieshelpsusgrowphysically,intellectually,andemotionally,whileboostingself-esteem.Theyalsofosterconnectionswithothers,andimproveworkperformance.Butwheredoyoustart?16．Hobbiesprovideanescape,helpingyourelaxandclearyourmind.Whenexploringpotentialhobbies,it'simportanttoreflectonwhyyouwantanactivity.Doyouwanttofeelmentallyengaged,distracted,orsociallyconnected?17．There'snosingleperfecthobbyforeveryone.Onceyou'veidentifiedapotentialhobby,it'swisetostartsmall.Jumpingintoanewactivitywithtoomuchenthusiasmcanleadtoexhaustionordisappointment.18．Forexample,ifyou'recuriousaboutpaintball,tryjoiningalocalMeetupgroupforanoutingortwo.Thisapproachallowsyoutotestthewaterswithoutfeelingpressured.19．Humansarenaturallycurious.However,intoday'sbusyworld,weoftenforgettoembracenewopportunities.Therefore,thenexttimesomeonehandsyouaflyerorinvitesyoutoanevent,takethechance.Finally,don'tunderestimatethepowerofrevisitingchildhoodpassions.Thinkbacktowhatyouwantedtobewhenyouwereachild.Thatdreamcouldpointyoutowardafulfillinghobby.Revisitingchildhoodactivitieslikedrawing,buildingmodels,orcollectingitemscanalsobeagreatstartingpoint.20．Theyevokenostalgiaandjoy,revivingyourenthusiasmforhobbies.A.Takesmallstepsinitially.B.Hereareusefulsuggestionstohelpyougetbetter.C.Hobbiesshouldalwaysfitwithyourcurrentskills.D.Thesefamiliaractivitiesoftenmakeiteasiertodivein.E.Expertsoffersometipsonhowtodiscoveryourhobbies.F.Anotherimportantaspectistostayopentonewpossibilities.G.Reflectingonwhatyourlifelackscanalsoguideyourchoice.六、阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。​​​​​​​Inthedimlightofmyhighschoollibrary,Idevelopedanunusualhabit.WheneverIgrabbedanovelfromtheshelves,myfingerswouldinstinctivelyflip(快速翻转)tothefinalchapterwhileI'mstillinthemiddleofit.Oftenmy21．wouldn'tbelimitedjusttothebooksIreadbutalsotowhatotherswerereadingaswell.Finallyonedaymydaughtertoldmewithalittle22．,"Dad,pleasejustreadabookonepageatatimelikeeveryoneelse!"Sometimesthisbadhabitwasnot23．tojustreadingbookseither.Ialsotriedtoskipaheadinmylifeand24．whattodomonthsandevenyearsfromnowinsteadof25．eachdayasitisintended.Iknewthatthebookofmylifewasn'tdoneyetandthatIhadmany26．lefttogo.27．,thatdidn'tstopmefromtryingtowritetheendinghalf-waythrough.Attimes,Iwouldjumpaheadwithout28．andtrytosolveeverypotentialproblembeforeithappened.Life,however,doesn'tworklikethat.Itlovesto29．us,andyouneverknowwhatnewproblemoropportunityeachnewdaywillbring.Life,however,30．tofollowourrushedplans.Recently,whenIfoundmyselfreturningtothatbadhabitofrushingaheadandlivinginthe31．again,IfeltavoicethatgentlytoldmeIneededto"liveonedayatatime".WhenIheardthosewords,I32．,turnedthebookofmylifebacktothe33．page,andthankedGodfortoday.Wehaveto34．thebookoflifestrokebystroke(一笔一划地),sothatthejourneyofourliveswillultimately35．itsbeauty.Let'swriteourstorypatiently—becauseeverysinglepagematters.21．A．effort B．difficulty C．influence D．impatience22．A．interest B．excitement C．anger D．sadness23．A．used B．addicted C．limited D．devoted24．A．putout B．letout C．handout D．figureout25．A．fearing B．enjoying C．doubting D．imagining26．A．pages B．things C．reports D．novels27．A．Indeed B．Still C．Surely D．Finally28．A．passion B．exception C．caution D．hesitation29．A．touch B．amuse C．worry D．surprise30．A．accepts B．learns C．refuses D．attempts31．A．present B．memory C．dream D．future32．A．regretted B．cried C．smiled D．lost33．A．exciting B．right C．favorite D．hopeful34．A．write B．review C．explain D．translate35．A．unfold B．develop C．ruin D．hide七、第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Guizhou'smatcha(抹茶)productionvolumeaccountsforone36．(five)ofChina'stotal.Marchsignalstea-harvestingseasonintheteagarden37．(own)byGuizhouGuiTeaGroupCoinJiangkoucounty.Thecompanyis38．leadingproducerofmatcharawmaterials.With39．(full)automaticintelligentproductionlines,about90%ofproductionproceduresaredonebymachines,significantly40．(increase)productionefficiency.Establishedin2012,thecompanyisdevotedtobecomingmodernandintelligent.Thecompanyhas140,000top-levelecologicalteagardens,someof41．areorganiccertifiedbyEcocertandhasapplied42．13patents(专利)inthepastthreeyearsandhassofarestablished9,800hectaresofteaplantingareathatmeetsthestandardsoftheEuropeanUnion.GuiTea'smatcha43．(export)tomorethan10countriesandregionssuchastheUSandCanadainrecentyears,andisappliedinbaking,beverage,medicineandcosmetics.Inthefuture,thecompanywillimproveitsmodernlogisticssystemandmechanizeteaplantingandseek44．(far)cooperationwithupstreamanddownstream45．(company)tocopewiththechallengesbroughtaboutbytheglobaleconomiccrisis.八、第一节（满分15分）46．假设你是学校健康社团负责人李华，近期校园体检显示肥胖率上升，请针对该现象，以俱乐部名义写一封英文倡议书，倡导科学减重，内容包括：（1）健康的重要性；（2）科学减重的方法。肥胖obesity注意：（1）词数为100左右；（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Dearfellowstudents,_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________SchoolHealthClub九、第二节（满分25分）47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。NoahandEmmagotmarriedlastyear.AftertheirbabyOliverwasborn,theywereverydelighted.However,thatsoonchanged.Onenight,EmmaaccidentallydroppedaglassbowlwhenOliverwasjustnearby,buthedidn'treactorturnaroundtothebigsoundofglassbreaking.Thenextday,thehospitalconfirmedOliverwasborndeaf.Thecoupleweresosad.Weekslater,Olivergothisfirsthearingaid.Hecouldnowhear!NoahandEmmawereexcited.Threeyearspassed;itwastimetosendOlivertoschool.EmmaandNoahoftendescribedhowgreatitwouldfeeltobeinaclassfulloffriendswithateacherinthefront.Oliverbegantolookforwardtohisupcomingschoollife.However,Oliverreturnedhomethatday,crying,"Idon'twanttogotoschool.Ihavenofriends."Thefollowingdays,Olivercamebackhome,stillsad.EmmaandNoahwereanxious.OneFriday,Oliver'steacher,Sarah,metthecouple."Oliverseemsshy.Heneverplayswithhisclassmates.Andhedoesn'ttalktomealthoughItrytalkingtohim.He'safraidthathe'sdifferentandthathisclassmateswilllaughathimbecauseofhisdeafness,"shesaid.EmmaandNoahwereheartbrokenandworried.Afterchattingwiththecouple,SarahlearnedOliver'ssixthbirthdaywasonMondayofthenextweek.Then,shemadeasecretplanforOliver.Afterschoolthatday,Sarahsentamessagetotheparentsofallthechildreninherclass.Inthemessage,shetoldthemaboutOliver'strouble.AndshewantedthemtoencourageandasktheirkidstocometoschoolonSundaytoprepareabirthdaypartyforOliver:todecoratetheclassroom,prepareabirthdaycake,etc.Then,Sarahputdownhercellphone,wonderingwhetheranyparentswouldsupportit.注意：（1）续写词数为150左右；（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Soon,herphonerangandshereceivedamessage._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Oliverarrivedatschoolandpushedtheclassroomdooropen._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

答案解析部分【答案】1．C2．B3．A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了四个各具特色、值得一游的博物馆，包括糟糕艺术博物馆、国际网球名人堂、国家喜剧中心和午餐肉博物馆。

【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题、推理判断题，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。1．细节理解题。根据MuseumofBadArt部分中的"ThemissionofMOBAistocollect,exhibitandcelebrateartthatwillbeshowninnoothervenue."不良艺术博物馆的使命是收集、展示和颂扬那些不会在其他任何场所展出的艺术作品。可知，不良艺术博物馆的特别之处在于它收集的是不会在其他地方展出的艺术作品。故选C。2．细节理解题。根据InternationalTennisHallofFame部分中的"TheInternationalTennisHallofFamewasbuiltonthesiteofthefirstUnitedStatesNationalLawnTennisChampionshipsin1881.AhighlightisaKingCourtfor‘courttennis',firstplayedbymonksandkingsdatingbackto1538."国际网球名人堂建在1881年第一届美国全国草地网球锦标赛的举办地。一个亮点是‘宫廷网球'的国王球场，这项运动最早由修道士和国王在1538年开始玩。可知，如果你对运动感兴趣，应该去罗德岛的纽波特，那里有国际网球名人堂。故选B。3．推理判断题。根据第一段中的"Museumshavechanged.Nowadaysyou'llfindamuseumforabsolutelyeverythingandeveryone.Thesecollectionsareodd,wonderfulandworthavisit."博物馆已经发生了变化。如今，你会发现有各种各样适合每个人的博物馆。这些收藏很奇特、很棒，值得一游；以及全文内容可知，本文介绍了几个不同的博物馆，包括它们的特色、位置等，目的是吸引人们去参观这些博物馆。旅游杂志通常会介绍一些值得参观的景点，包括博物馆等。故选A。【答案】4．B5．D6．C7．A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者自幼热衷公益，来中国学习后受雷锋精神启发，成立雷锋国际志愿者协会，并于2025年雷锋日发起全球"学雷锋"活动。该活动从最初的构想发展成横跨15国的全球运动，不仅加强了跨文化联系，还助力构建更具爱心和奉献精神的世界。

【点评】考查阅读理解，本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。4．细节理解题。根据第二段"In2018,IcametoChinaforthefirsttimetostudyatJiangxiUniversityofFinanceandEconomics(JUFE)andactivelyparticipatedintheuniversity'spublicwelfareactivities.Duringtheseevents,localpeopleoftencalledme‘YangLeiFeng',whichIlaterlearnedmeans‘foreignLeiFeng'."2018年，我第一次来到中国，在江西财经大学学习，并积极参与了学校的公益活动。在这些活动中，当地人经常叫我"洋雷锋"，后来我才知道"外国雷锋"的意思。可知，作者因积极投身志愿工作而被称为"洋雷锋"。故选B。5．细节理解题。根据第四段中的"Ourmissionistosupportchildrenwithspecialneeds,assisttheelderly,promoteenvironmentalawareness,empowerthrougheducation,andfostercross-culturalunderstanding."我们的使命是帮助有特殊需求的儿童、协助老年人、提升环保意识、通过教育赋能，并促进跨文化理解。可知，雷锋国际志愿者协会关注帮助有特殊需求的儿童。故选D。6．推理判断题。根据第六段"Whatbeganasavisiontopromotehisvaluesinternationallyhassincegrownintoaglobalmovement,nowspanning15countries.Oureffortsnotonlystrengthencross-culturalbondsbutalsocontributetobuildingamorecompassionateandservice-orientedworld."最初旨在国际上传播雷锋精神的愿景，现已发展为覆盖15个国家的全球运动。我们的努力不仅加强了跨文化联系，还推动构建一个更具同情心和服务精神的世界。可知，作者认为活动成果显著，是成功的。故选C。7．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的"FromdiscoveringLeiFeng'sstoryonlinetonowinspiringfuturegenerationstofollowinhisfootsteps,Iamremindedofhowoneperson'sstorycansparkamovement."从在网上发现雷锋的故事，到如今激励后代追随他的脚步，我深刻体会到一个人的故事如何能引发一场运动。可知本文强调个人精神可引发广泛影响。"星星之火，可以燎原"符合主旨，故选A。【答案】8．D9．B10．C11．A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，麻省理工学院研究人员开创了一种在实验室培育类似木材的植物材料的技术，无需砍伐树木就能"生长"出木制品，该技术能调控细胞特性，培育速度快，且可根据需求定制形状、尺寸等，具有开创性意义。

【点评】考查阅读理解，本题考点涉及推理判断，词义猜测和标题归纳三个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。8．推理判断题。根据第一段中的"Tohandleit,nowresearchersatMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology(MIT)havepioneeredatechniquetogeneratewood-likeplantmaterialsinalab.Thismakesitpossibleto‘grow'awoodenproductwithoutcuttingdowntrees."为了解决这个问题，现在麻省理工学院（MIT）的研究人员已经率先在实验室中开发出一种技术来制造类似木材的植物材料。这使得在不砍伐树木的情况下"种植"木质产品成为可能。可知，因为世界森林因砍伐树木在减少，而该研究能在不砍树的情况下得到木质产品，所以研究的目的是减少树木的损失。故选D。9．词义猜测题。根据第二段中的"Byadjustingthehormonelevels,theresearcherscantunethephysicalandmechanicalqualitiesofthecells."通过调整激素水平，研究人员可以tune细胞的物理和机械特性；以及"Theyfoundthatlowerhormonelevelsleadtoplantmaterialswithmorerounded,opencellsoflowerdensity(密度),whilehigherhormonelevelscontributetothegrowthofplantmaterialswithsmallerbutdensercellstructures."他们发现，较低的激素水平会导致植物材料具有更圆润、开放且密度较低的细胞，而较高的激素水平有助于生长出细胞结构更小但更密集的植物材料。可知，通过调整激素水平可以改变细胞的特性，可推知划线词tune意思是"改变"，故选B。10．推理判断题。根据第三段中的"Theyfoundthatlowerhormonelevelsleadtoplantmaterialswithmorerounded,opencellsoflowerdensity(密度),whilehigherhormonelevelscontributetothegrowthofplantmaterialswithsmallerbutdensercellstructures.Lowerorhigherdensityofcellstructuresmakestheplantmaterialsflexible,helpingthematerialsgrowwithdifferentwood-likecharacteristics."他们发现，较低的激素水平会导致植物材料具有更圆润、开放且密度较低的细胞，而较高的激素水平有助于生长出细胞结构更小但更密集的植物材料。较低或较高的细胞结构密度使植物材料具有柔韧性，有助于这些材料生长出不同的类似木材的特性。可知，激素水平的高低会影响细胞结构的密度，而细胞结构的密度又会影响植物材料的柔韧性，所以激素水平会影响植物材料的柔韧性。故选C。11．标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了麻省理工学院的研究人员开发出了一种在实验室中制造类似木材的植物材料的新技术，以及这种技术的具体过程和优势。"一种关于植物材料的创新技术"符合文章主旨，适合作本文标题。故选A。【答案】12．C13．B14．D15．A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，伦敦大学学院的研究发现，在最近的国际评估中，英格兰五年级和九年级的男生在数学和科学科目上的成绩显著高于女生。这一差距可能与学生的自信心和社会经济地位有关，男生在相关科目上表现出更高的自信心，且家庭藏书量（社会经济地位指标）与成绩存在显著关联，家庭资源较少的学生需要更多支持以获得平等学习机会。

【点评】考查阅读理解，本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。12．细节理解题。根据第二段"Theimprovementbyboyswasparticularlynoticeableinmaths,wherethedataanalysisfoundthatgreaterconfidencewasstronglyassociatedwithhigherscoresinthequadrennialtestsconductedfortheTrendsinInternationalMathematicsandScienceStudy(TIMSS)."男孩在数学方面的进步尤为显著，数据分析发现，在国际数学与科学趋势研究（TIMSS）进行的四年一次的测试中，更强的自信心与更高的分数密切相关；以及第三段中的"Acrossbothyeargroupsinmathsandinyear9science,theresearchersfoundthatsignificantlyhigherpercentagesofboysreportedbeingveryconfidentonstatementsrelatedtomathsandscience,whilealargepercentageofgirlssaidtheywerenotconfident."在两个年级组的数学和九年级的科学科目中，研究人员发现，在与数学和科学相关的表述上，男孩表示非常自信的比例明显更高，而很大比例的女孩表示不自信。可知，男孩在数学和科学上得分比女孩高是因为他们更自信。故选C。13．推理判断题。根据第四段"TIMSSusesthenumberofbooksathomeasanindex(指标)forsocioeconomicstatus.Stubborngapsremainbetweendisadvantagedpupilsandtheirbetter-offpeers.Theresearchersfoundasignificantgapbetweenpupilswhohadaccesstoalargenumberofbooksathomeandthosewhodidnot.Inyear9science,pupilsinhouseholdswithfewerthantenbooksathomescored461,comparedto601forthoseinhouseholdswithover200booksathome."TIMSS使用家中藏书数量作为社会经济地位的一个指标。贫困学生和富裕学生之间仍然存在着顽固的差距。研究人员发现，家中有大量书籍的学生和没有大量书籍的学生之间存在显著差距。在九年级的科学科目中，家中藏书少于十本的学生得分为461分，而家中藏书超过200本的学生得分为601分。可知，家中藏书数量作为社会经济地位的指标，影响着学生的成绩。由此推知，藏书情况会影响学业表现。故选B。14．细节理解题。根据最后一段"‘Thosewhohavefewereducationalresourcesathomeneedextrafundsinordertoaccessthesameopportunitiestolearncomparedwiththeirbetter-resourcedpeers,'saidProfMaryRichardson,thestudy'sco-principalinvestigator."该研究的共同首席研究员MaryRichardson教授说："与拥有更多教育资源的同龄人相比，那些家中教育资源较少的人需要额外的资金，以便获得相同的学习机会。"可知，MaryRichardson教授建议提供更多的资金支持。故选D。15．推理判断题。根据第三段中的"Inyear9maths,21%ofboysand9%ofgirlsreportedtheywereveryconfident,while38%ofboysand60%ofgirlsreportedtheywerenotconfident."在九年级数学中，21%的男孩和9%的女孩表示他们非常自信，而38%的男孩和60%的女孩表示他们不自信；以及第四段中的"Inyear9science,pupilsinhouseholdswithfewerthantenbooksathomescored461,comparedto601forthoseinhouseholdswithover200booksathome."在九年级的科学科目中，家中藏书少于十本的学生得分为461分，而家中藏书超过200本的学生得分为601分。可知，研究人员通过对男孩和女孩在自信程度、不同家庭藏书数量的学生的成绩等方面进行比较来进行这项研究。故选A。【答案】16．E；17．G；18．A；19．F；20．D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了兴趣爱好的多重益处，并提供一套可操作的、循序渐进的建议，以引导人们（尤其是新手）发现并开始适合自己的爱好。

【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇教育类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。16．根据空前"Butwheredoyoustart?"但是你从哪里开始呢？提出了关于开始培养爱好不知从何做起的问题，此处需要给出解决办法或引导。E.Expertsoffersometipsonhowtodiscoveryourhobbies."专家们提供了一些关于如何发现你爱好的建议"承接上文，并引出下文关于发现爱好的建议内容，有启下作用。符合语境，故选E。17．根据空前"Doyouwanttofeelmentallyengaged,distracted,orsociallyconnected?"你是想让自己在精神上投入，转移注意力，还是想进行社交联系呢？可知，此处提到了要思考自己想要通过爱好达到的目的，此处应继续围绕思考来阐述对选择爱好的作用。G.Reflectingonwhatyourlifelackscanalsoguideyourchoice."反思你的生活中缺少什么也可以指导你的选择"进一步说明了反思对选择爱好的引导作用，承接上文，符合语境，故选G。18．根据空前"Onceyou'veidentifiedapotentialhobby,it'swisetostartsmall.Jumpingintoanewactivitywithtoomuchenthusiasmcanleadtoexh