机械基础设计要点

音乐盒实验报告

专业：生产过程自动化

班级：08机电（2）班

姓名：何远龙

指导老师：陈玉琼

2010-10-08

一、实验材料

I、仪器设备，软件工具

软件用途

keil软件源程序的编译

Proteus软件实现电路的仿真

Progisp软件将程序下载到学习板上进行实验

硬件用途

万用表检测硬件电路

学习板实现源程序的调试,并通过实验现象来修改程序

2、元器件清单

元件名称参数数量

IC插座DIP401

单片机89C511

晶体振荡器12MHZ1

瓷片电容22PF2

按键4

IC插座DIP81

三极管2N50881

电阻1K4

电解电容47uF1

电阻5108

蜂鸣器无源式1

小喇叭1

放大器LM3861

二、实验过程描述

I、设计功能描述

<1）通过改变单片机输出脉冲高低电平的保持时间和须率，可以得到音阶和调节不同的音调，

运用定时中断来控制节拍，从而来演奏乐曲。

（2）用数码管显示当前播放的歌曲序号。

（3）通过功能键控制上，下曲目的选择以及乐曲的暂停和播放。

2、原理图设计思路

由P1.0口控制一个LM386功率放大器，经功率放大器控制发声器件小喇叭。当P1.0口输出低

电平时，三极管导通，小喇叭通电：当P1.0口输出高电平时，三极管截止，小喇叭断电。通过

连续不断周期性地改变P1.0口的高、低电平，就会产生一定频率的矩形波，小喇叭就能产生一

定频率的声音，再配合延时程序控制高、低电平的持续时间，就能改变音调。由P3.2、P3.3、P3.4、

P3.5分别作为开始键/停止键，暂停键、下一曲犍、上一曲键。图中还将共阳级数码管相应的段

选控制端用P0口控制，将数码管的公共端，也称“位选端”由P2口控制。

原理图如下：

FDIIAIO

F0.t(M1卜

"2A・2y

XTA12心火”[

儆皿，[

00-$[

PO«AIC

fOT，0J从“

FSQ'AS

KLV2

P22TAI0

R2JTA11

PN.WUN

P2S/A13

P2«A14

P7.?ZA1f

♦nnuxo

以皿

口

P3AW

F37甫G

3、程序设计思路，并画出流程图

程序思路：初始化设置，开延时与外部中断，按下P3.2键先唱第一首，然后循环播放。若有按

下P3.3键则执行暂停作用，再按一次则继续播放：若有按下P33P3.4键则分别执行下一曲、上

一曲功能。播放歌曲是多少数码管则显示相应的数字。流程图如下：

主流程

STAR。

RET

4、写出源程序与必要的注释

shuzhiequ3fli;选曲目的地址

songequpl.O;扬声器播放P1.0

playequp3.2;播放停止键P3.2

addoncequp3.4;曲目加一键P3.4

suboneequp3.5;曲目0成一键P3.5

dulequpO;数码管段选PO口

welequp2;数码管位选P2口

orgOOOOh

Ijmpstart

orgOOObh;定时器0溢出中断入口地址

ajinpeont;指向定时器中断程序

org0013h;外部中断一入口地址

ajmppause;指向外部中断程序

org0100h

start:

niovsp,#50h

movihO,#Odbh;定时器赋初值

movtlO,#Offh

movtmod,#01h

movie,#86h;开中断

movtcon,#00h

movrO,#OOh

movshuzhi,#OOh

main:jnbplay,first;判断P3.2键是否按下

sjmpmain

first:acalldel2O

jnbplay.first;判断P3.2键是否释放

movshuzhi,#OOh

movdul,#0f9h;显示数值1

movwel,#7fh;显示位送P2口

movdptr.#datl;表1首地址送DPTR

acallmusicO

acallnext

ret

next:incshuzhi;shuzhi+|

mova,shuzhi

cjnea,#01,loop3;A是否=1,不等就跳转到LOOP3

movdptr.#dat2;表2首地址送DPTR

movdul.#0a4h;显示数值2

movweI,#7fh

acallmusicO

inca

loop3:cjnea.#02.1oop4;A是否=2,不等就跳转到LOOP4

movdpir,#dat3;表3首地址送DPTR

movdul,#ObOh:显示数值3

movwel,#7fh

acallmusicO

inca

Ioop4:cjnea,#O3,next;A是否=3,不等就跳转到next

acallfirst

ret

last:

decshuzhi;shuzhi-I

mova.shuzhi

cjnea,#02,last1

movdptr,#dat3

movdul.#()bOh

movwel,#7fh

acallmusicO

last1:cjnea,#01.1ast2

movdptr,#dat2

movdul.#0a4h

movwel,#7fh

acallmusicO

las⑵cjnea.#OOJast

movdptr.#dat1

inovdul.#Of9h

movweI,#7fh

acallmusicO

ret

musicO:

mov2Oh.#()Oh;中断计数单元清0

musicI:clra

movea,@a+dptr;查表取音阶常数

jzendO;是结束符？

cjnea.#Offli,music5;是休止符？

Ijmpmusic3产生100ms停顿

music5:

nop

key:jnbplay,kO；判断P3.2键是否按下

jnbaddone,kl;判断P3.4键是否按下

jnbsubone,k2;判断P3.5键是否按下

movr6,a;音阶常数送R6

incdptr;DPTR+I

mova,#()

movea,@a+dptr;取常数送R7

movr7,a

setbtrO;启动定时器TO

music2:nop

cjner0,#0,$

cplsong；输出电平取反

mova,r6

movr3,a;音阶常数送R3

Icalldei20

mova,r7；节拍常数送A

cjnca,20h,music2；节拍时间到否

mov20h.#00h;为取下一音阶作准备

incdptr

Ijmpmusic1

music3:nop；休止100ms

clrtrO;关闭定时器

movr2,#14h:R2=20

music4:nop

movr3,#250:R3=250

Icalldel20

djnzr2,music4

incdptr;为取下一音阶作准备

Ijmpmusic1

endO:movr2,#200;歌曲结束后，延时Is后继续

music6:movr3,#250

Icallde120

djnzr2,music6

kl:acalidel20;调用延时子程序

jnbaddone,kl;判断P3.4键是否释放

acalinext

k2:acalide!20

jnbsubone,k2;判断P3.5键是否释放

acalilast

kO:acalideI20

jnbplay,kO

Ijmpstart

ret

dcl20:movr4.#05h

del4:nop

djnzr4,del4

djnzr3,de120

ret

cont:inc20h;计数单元+1

movihO,#Odbh;重新10ms定时初值

movtIO,#Offh

reti;跳出中断

pause:acalidc!20

jnbp3.3,pause;判断P3.3键是否有释放

mova,rO;把RO的值给A

cpla;A值取反

moviO,a

reii

datl:

db3bh,2Oh.3bh,2Oh.3Oh,2Oh.33h,2Oh.3bh,8Oh.Offh

db3bh,20h,3bh,20h,26h,20hf2bh,20h,26h,80h,0ffh

db26h,20h,26h,20h,20h,20h,26h,20h,2bh,20h,2bh,20h,30h,20h,33h,lOh,33h,lOh

db3bh,60h,40h,20h,4ch,80h,0ffh

db3bh,20h,3bh.20h,30h,20h,33h,20h,3bh,80h,0ffh

db3bh,20h,3bh,20h,26h,20h,2bh,20h,26h,80h,0ffh

db26h.20h,26h,20h,20h,20h.26h,20h,2bh,20h,2bh,20h,2bh,20ii,30h,20h

db33h,20h,3bh,20h,3bh,20h,40h,2bh,3bh,80h,0ffh

db19h,20h,lch,40h,26h,20h,l9h,20h,lch,40h,26h,20h,0ffh

db20h,20h,lch,20h,lch,20h,20h,20h,26h,80h,0ffh

db19h,20h,lch,40h,26h,20h,19h,20h,lch,40h、26h,20h,0nh

db20h,20h.lch,20h,lch,20h,20h,20h,26h,80h.0ffh

db2bh,20h,2bh.40h,3bh,20h.2bh,20h,2bh,40h,2bh,20h,0fni

db26h,20h,2bh,20h,2bh,20h,30h,20h,2bh,80h,0ffh

db2bh,20h,2bh,40h,3bh,20h30h,20h30h,40h,2bh,20h,0ffh

db33h,20h,3bh,20h,3bh,20h.40h,20h,3bh,80h,0ffh,0ffli

dat2:

db18h,30h,lch,10h,20h,40h,lch,lOh

db18h,l0h,20h,10hJch,lOhJ8h,40h

db1ch,2Oh,2Oh,2Oh,lch,2Oh,18h,2Oh

db20h,80h,0ffh,20h,30h,lch,1OhJ8h

db20h,l5h,2Oh,lch,20h,20h20h,26h

db40h,20h,20h,2bh,20h,26h,20h,20h

db20h,30h,80h,0ffh,20h,20h,1chJOh

db18h,l0h,20h,20h,26h,20h,2bh,20h

db30h,20h.2bh,40h.20h,20h.1ch,1Oh

db18h,l0h,20h,20h,26h.20h.2bh,20h

db30h,20h,2bh,40h,20h,30h,1ch,lOh

db18h,2OhJ5h,2Oh,lch,20h20h,20h

db26h,40h,20h,20h,2bh,20h,26h,20h

db2Oh,2Oh,3Oh,8Oh,2Oh,3Oh,1ch,1Oh

db20h,IOh,Ich,10h,20h,20h26h,20h

db2bh,20h.30h,20h.2bh.40h.20h.l5h

dblfli,05h,20h,10hJchJOh,2Oh,2Oh

db26h,20h.2bh,20h,30h,20h.2bh,40h

db2Oh,3OhJchJOhJ8h,20hJ5h,2Oh

db1ch,20h,20h,20h,26h,40h20h,20h

db2bh,2Oh.26h,2Oh.2Oh.2Oh.3Oh.3Oh

dh2Oh,3Oh,lchJOh,18h,40h,lch,20h

db20h,20h,26h,40h,l3h,60h,l8h,20h

db15h,40h,13h,40h,18h,8Oh,OOh

dat3:

db26hJ0h,26h,20h,26h,l0h.26h,l0h,2bh,l0h,30h,20h,26h,40h,0ffh

db26h,l0h,26h,10h,20h,lOh,1ch,1Oh,Offh

db20h,20h.20h,20h.20h.lOh,26h,3Oh,2bh,8Oh,Offh

db1chjOh,lch,lOh,lch,lOh,2Oh,lOh,Ich,3Oh,l8h,l0h,20h,40h,0ffh

db26h,lOh.2bh,lOh.3Oh,lOh,2bh,lOh.Offii

db26h,20h,20h,20h,2bh,20h,20h,20h30h,40h,0ffh

db30h,10hJch,10h,lch,10h,19h,10h,18hJ0h,l9h,10h,lchJ0h.lch,lOh,Offh

dbIchdOhJch,lOhJch,lOhJ8h,l0h,20hJ0h,20hJ0h,26hJOh.2OhJOh,OHh

db20h,30h,20h,l0h,l8h,20h.l8h,20h,0ffh,19h,20h,20hJ0h,lcM0h,lch,8Oh,Offh

db18h,10hJ9h,10h,lch,1OhJ8h,10h,l8h,40h,0ffh

db19h,20h,20h,20h,l8h,20h,19h,10h,l9h,10h,l9h,1OhJch,3Oh,lch,OcOh,Offh

db13h,lOh.l3h,lOh,13h,10h,15h,1OhJ3h,1Oh,15h,1Oh,18h,1Oh

db18h,10h,18h,10h,15h,30h,0mi

db15h,lOh.lchJOh,l5h,lOhJch.lOh,18h,10h,l8h,lOh.l5h.lOh.l8h.lOh,Offh,l8h,lOh

db26h,10h,lch,lOh,26h,l0h^0h,20h,lch,10h,20h,10h,20h,40h.0ffh

db26h,l0h,2bh,l0h,2bh,lOh,3Oh,lOh,26h,2Oh,18h,lOhJchJ0h,20h,20h,20h,20h,0ffh

db20h,30h,20h,l0h,lch,20h,l8h,20h,l8h,20h,l5h.l()h,l8h,10h,l8h,10h,l5h,30h,0ffh

db15h,l0h,20h,l0h,20h,l0h.20h,10h,lch,20h,l8h,20h,l8h,20h,15h,10h,18hJ0h

db18h,lOh.l5h,3Oh,lch,lOh,l8h,20h,18h,10h,l8h,2Oh,l5h.lOh,18h,10h,l8h.OcOh.OOh

end

5、片内RAM地址与I\0分配表

片内RAM名称用途

3fiiShuzhi选曲目的地址

RO—中断地址

R3—暂存音阶常数

20H—存放10ms定时中断的次数

R6—存放音阶常数

R7—存放节拍常数

R2、R4—改变延时时间

P0Dul数码管段选

P2Wei数码管位选

P1.0Song扬声器播放

P3.2Play播放停止功能

P3.3暂停功能

P3.4