2026年泰安九年级语文中考二模冲刺卷：语言文字运用与材料作文（校际联考版第5套）含参考答案、逐题解析与评分细则

泰安市校际联考版（第5套）·2026年九年级语文中考二模冲刺语文试卷·请在指定位置作答2026年泰安九年级语文中考二模冲刺卷：语言文字运用与材料作文（校际联考版第5套）含参考答案、逐题解析与评分细则泰安市校际联考版（第5套）2026年九年级语文中考二模冲刺语文试卷满分：120分考试时间：150分钟题项现代文阅读古诗文阅读语言文字运用作文总分分值34分24分12分50分120分题号1—89—1314—15161—16注意事项1.本卷为2026年泰安九年级语文中考二模冲刺校际联考版第5套，重点考查现代文阅读、古诗文阅读、语言文字运用与材料作文。2.选择题均为单项选择题，A、B、C、D四个选项中只有一个最符合题意；非选择题须写在相应作答区域。3.阅读材料中的表格、数据和情境均为试题材料的一部分，答题时应结合材料，不得脱离语境空泛作答。4.作文须自拟题目，文体自选，诗歌除外；不少于600字；文中不得出现真实校名、人名。5.保持卷面整洁，书写规范；答案超过指定区域或涂改严重影响辨认的，按评分细则酌情扣分。选择题答题栏题号1514答案一、现代文阅读（34分）（一）阅读下面的非连续性文本，完成1—4题。（18分）材料一古树名木是城市记忆的根。泰安多山、多泉、多古迹，一棵古树往往连接着街巷迁变、村落礼俗和游人记忆。某校“岱岳文脉”社团在2026届二模备考实践中，对本地古树名木保护进行了模拟调研。调研材料显示，古树保护面临三类共性问题：一是自然衰老与病虫害叠加，部分树体中空、根系裸露；二是游客拍照、攀折、踩踏等不文明行为仍有发生；三是部分社区对古树故事整理不足，保护牌只写树龄和树种，缺少可读、可感的文化说明。社团指导老师提醒，古树保护不能只靠围栏，还要让人愿意理解、愿意守护。调研区域主要古树类型突出问题受访者期待岱庙及周边柏、槐、银杏游客密集，树根周边土壤易板结增设低干扰游览提示泰山景区步道松、柏、栎坡地径流冲刷，雨后裸根明显完善排水与巡护城郊村落国槐、皂荚、柿树故事口耳相传，缺少文字整理把乡贤故事、家风记忆写进说明牌材料二社团还对“古树保护+文旅讲解”的接受度进行了问卷模拟。问卷将游客需求分为“安全有序游览”“了解树木知识”“听到地方故事”“参与志愿守护”四类。统计结果如下：需求项目初中生家长外地游客本地居民安全有序游览62%71%68%59%了解树木知识58%52%64%46%听到地方故事73%65%78%82%参与志愿守护41%36%29%57%材料三采访摘录：一位老居民说：“小时候纳凉就在那棵槐树下，谁家孩子考学、谁家老人过寿，大家都绕着树说话。树不只是树，它是一个地方的‘老邻居’。”一位景区讲解员说：“游客愿意听故事，但故事不能编得热闹而失真。讲解要尊重事实，也要讲清保护边界，比如为什么不能摸树皮、不能把祈福牌挂在枝上。”1.下列对材料相关内容的理解和分析，最恰当的一项是（3分）A.材料一认为古树保护的关键只在于修建围栏，文化讲解对保护作用不大。B.材料二显示，四类受访者中“参与志愿守护”的比例都高于“听到地方故事”。C.材料三中的“老邻居”写出了古树与地方生活、公共记忆之间的密切关系。D.三则材料都把古树保护的主要责任完全归给外地游客，与本地居民无关。2.根据材料一，概括泰安古树名木保护面临的三类问题。要求分点作答。（4分）________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3.请结合材料二的表格，写出两条有价值的结论，并说明这些结论对设计讲解牌或志愿活动有什么启示。（5分）________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________4.学校准备开展“守护古树，留住泰安记忆”主题实践活动。请结合三则材料，为活动方案提出三条具体建议。（6分）________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________（二）阅读下面的文学类文本，完成5—8题。（16分）雨后的岱庙石阶雨停得很突然。刚才还从屋檐上连成线的水，转眼只剩几滴，沿着青瓦慢慢滚落。岱庙的石阶被雨水洗出一层温润的光，像被谁认真擦拭过。石缝里的青苔亮起来，细细的，软软的，却把一块块沉默的石头连成了有呼吸的路。我和外祖父站在门洞下避雨。外祖父年轻时在附近的修缮队干过活，后来腿脚不便，仍喜欢在阴天到岱庙外走一走。他总说，雨后的石阶最能看出岁月的样子：有的地方被脚步磨得发亮，有的地方仍存着凿痕，还有的地方被落叶盖住，得弯腰拨开才看见。我急着回家做模拟卷，低头催他：“路滑，快走吧。”外祖父却扶着栏杆，一步一步往前挪。他的鞋底踩在石阶上，发出轻轻的、稳稳的声响。几个游客从身边经过，有人抱怨雨耽误了行程，有人举着手机寻找最佳角度。外祖父没有看他们，只看着脚下，说：“石头不怕慢，怕的是没人记得它往哪里通。”我不太懂这句话。中考越来越近，我的心像被一只看不见的手攥着，背诵、刷题、排名、错题本，样样都在催我往前跑。可越跑越觉得脚下发空，像踩不到真正的台阶。那天的雨水从台阶边缘滑下去，映出一小片灰亮的天空。我忽然想起，外祖父以前讲过，他第一次参与修缮时，师傅要求他们先把旧石阶上的泥土清干净，再补缺角、找坡度。有人嫌慢，师傅说：“路是让人走的，急不得。”我们走到一处古柏旁。树皮被雨打湿，颜色深得像旧墨。外祖父让我看树根旁新铺的透水砖：“保护不是把它供起来，而是让它还能和人一起生活。”说完，他从口袋里摸出一块小抹布，轻轻擦去石阶边一处被鞋带拖出的泥痕。我笑他多管闲事。他也笑：“我擦的不是一块石头，是自己走过的路。”回家的路上，天色慢慢亮起来。街边的水洼里倒着树影和车灯，碎成一片又一片。我想到练习册上那些密密麻麻的题，想到被红笔圈出的错字和病句，忽然不再只觉得它们刺眼。每一道错题像雨后的石阶，提醒我哪里打滑，哪里需要重新落脚。原来真正能托住人的，不是一次冲刺的速度，而是一次次把脚步放稳的耐心。第二天早读，我把错题本的第一页换成了四个字：慢慢踏实。窗外的槐树叶上还挂着水珠，阳光一照，亮得像小小的灯。我知道那条雨后的石阶仍在岱庙里，沉默地承接着来来往往的人，也把外祖父的话悄悄递给我：记得脚下，才走得到远方。5.下列对文章内容和艺术特色的分析，不正确的一项是（3分）A.文章以雨后岱庙石阶为线索，把外祖父的言行和“我”的备考心境串联起来。B.第③段写游客经过，是为了反衬外祖父只关注脚下道路、珍惜岁月痕迹的态度。C.外祖父擦去泥痕的细节表现了他对公共空间和个人记忆的珍视。D.文章结尾写“慢慢踏实”，说明“我”决定放弃中考冲刺，完全不再重视练习。6.文章第①段环境描写有什么作用？请从内容和结构两方面作答。（4分）________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________7.请赏析文中画线句：“石缝里的青苔亮起来，细细的，软软的，却把一块块沉默的石头连成了有呼吸的路。”（5分）________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________8.结合全文，谈谈标题“雨后的岱庙石阶”的含义。（4分）________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________二、古诗文阅读（24分）（一）阅读下面这首诗，完成9题。（5分）望岳亭晚晴雨歇岱云开，松声入晚台。泉从青石过，鸟向白云回。一径分霞色，千峰抱客怀。临风知路远，更觉此心栽。9.诗中“泉从青石过，鸟向白云回”描绘了怎样的画面？尾联表达了诗人怎样的情感？（5分）________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________（二）阅读下面的文言文，完成10—13题。（19分）李生志学李生少贫，居泰山之麓。每晨负薪过书舍，闻诸生诵，辄立檐下久之。塾师异其勤，呼而问曰：“汝欲学乎？”生拜曰：“愿学，贫不能具束修耳。”师曰：“学贵有志，不贵有资。能日诵百言，夜识一误，即可进矣。”生自是樵采之余，折枝画地以记字，归则就灯读之。其母或劝少息，生曰：“今日少息，明日益难。”岁余，里中试童子，生名居前。或问其故，生曰：“吾无他，惟不使一日空过耳。”后生为乡里训蒙，常以师言告诸子弟。注：束修，古代学生送给教师的酬礼。训蒙，教导初学儿童。10.解释下列句中加点词的意思。（1）辄立檐下久之（2）塾师异其勤（3）其母或劝少息（4）明日益难（4分）________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________11.把下面的句子翻译成现代汉语。（1）学贵有志，不贵有资。（2）吾无他，惟不使一日空过耳。（6分）________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________12.李生能够“名居前”的原因有哪些？请结合文本简要概括。（4分）________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________13.这篇文言文与上面的诗都写到了“路远”或“进学”的意味。请结合诗文内容，谈谈它们给2026届中考备考的启示。（5分）________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________三、语言文字运用（12分）学校开展“读万卷书，行万里路”主题读书节。九年级（3）班准备制作一面宣传展板，展板开头写道：春天的校园里，书页翻动的声音和树叶摇曳的声音交织在一起。阅读不是把知识机械地堆放进脑海，而是在一个个问题中辨认自己、打开世界。一本好书，能让我们在喧嚣中保持清醒；一次远行，能让我们在陌生中学会尊重。把书读进去，把路走出来，青春才有更开阔的方向。14.下列对展板文字的修改和理解，最恰当的一项是（4分）A.“摇曳”的“曳”应读作yè；“喧嚣”的“嚣”应读作xiāo。B.“阅读不是把知识机械地堆放进脑海”一句有语病，应改为“阅读不是机械把知识堆放进脑海”。C.“辨认自己、打开世界”语序不当，应改为“打开世界、辨认自己”，否则不合逻辑。D.“把书读进去，把路走出来”使用了比喻，意思是阅读和实践可以互相替代。15.班级围绕读书节开展综合性学习，请完成下面任务：①为展板拟一个不超过14字的标题；②仿照“在喧嚣中保持清醒”的句式，再写一句读书或行走的意义；③用得体语言邀请语文老师参加班级读书分享会，时间为6月12日15:30，地点为九年级（3）班教室。（8分）________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________四、作文（50分）16.阅读下面材料，按要求作文。

一棵树向上生长，先要把根扎向更深处；一段石阶通向远方，靠的是一脚一脚被踏实。临近中考，有人只盯着速度，有人害怕自己起步太晚，也有人在一次次订正中发现：真正的成长，常常来自看得见的坚持和看不见的积累。

请以这段材料为基础，联系自己的生活、学习或见闻，写一篇文章。要求：自拟题目；文体自选，诗歌除外；不少于600字；不得套作、抄袭；文中不得出现真实校名、人名。（50分）题目：________________________________________作文作答区：____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________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参考答案与详解本部分按题号1—16逐题给出参考答案、解析与评分细则。客观题答案唯一；主观题按要点给分，意思对即可。1.参考答案：C。解析：A项“只在于修建围栏”与材料一“不能只靠围栏”相反；B项表格显示“听到地方故事”在四类受访者中均高于“参与志愿守护”；D项“三则材料都把责任完全归给外地游客”无中生有。C项“老邻居”体现古树与居民生活、地方记忆相连，理解恰当。评分细则：选C得3分；错选、多选或不选均不得分。2.参考答案：①自然衰老与病虫害叠加，树体、根系存在损伤风险；②游客不文明行为造成攀折、踩踏、悬挂等干扰；③文化故事整理不足，说明牌内容单薄，保护意识传播不充分。解析：题干要求“根据材料一”分点概括。材料一先列出三类共性问题，后用调研表格补充具体表现。答题时应把“自然损伤”“人为干扰”“文化整理不足”概括出来，不能只照抄某一区域的个别现象。评分细则：每点1分，表达清楚另给1分；共4分。只写表面现象、未概括类别，酌情扣1—2分。3.参考答案：示例：①“听到地方故事”的比例在四类人群中都较高，说明讲解牌应补充真实、可读的地方故事；②本地居民“参与志愿守护”比例较高，说明可发动社区居民担任古树守护志愿者；③外地游客对树木知识需求较高，说明讲解应兼顾科普性和趣味性。解析：表格不是要求简单找最大值，而是要从数据差异中推导活动设计。答出两条结论并能落到讲解牌或志愿活动设计上即可。若只说“比例高”“比例低”而无启示，信息价值不足。评分细则：结论每条1.5分，启示每条1分，语言准确0.5分；共5分。答出两条完整结论与对应启示即可满分。4.参考答案：示例：①制作“古树故事+保护提示”双栏说明牌，既讲树龄、树种，也讲社区记忆和保护边界；②组织学生、居民和景区讲解员共同开展巡护志愿服务，提醒游客文明参观；③设置低干扰参观路线和雨后巡查机制，保护裸露根系、减少踩踏；④开展“我给古树写档案”活动，整理口述故事。解析：方案建议要与三则材料对应：材料一强调保护问题，材料二呈现游客需求，材料三强调真实讲解和保护边界。答案不能只写“加强宣传”“提高意识”，应有可操作内容。评分细则：三条建议各2分；每条须包含具体做法和材料依据。空泛口号每条最高1分。5.参考答案：D。解析：D项误解主题。文章并不是否定冲刺和练习，而是引导“我”以踏实、耐心的方式面对冲刺。A项线索判断正确；B项游客描写确有反衬和环境烘托作用；C项细节理解符合文本。评分细则：选D得3分；错选、多选或不选均不得分。6.参考答案：①写雨后石阶、青苔、青瓦，营造清新、沉静、温润的氛围；②突出石阶经雨水洗净后的岁月感，为下文外祖父谈石阶、谈走路作铺垫；③以“有呼吸的路”暗示文章关于成长和踏实前行的主题。解析：环境描写通常从氛围、人物、情节、主题四个角度分析。本文开头并非单纯写景，而是把“雨后”“石阶”“青苔”变成全文情感和主题的触发点。评分细则：内容作用2分，结构作用1分，主题暗示1分；共4分。7.参考答案：示例：这句话运用拟人和比喻式的表达，把石阶写成“沉默”的，把路写成“有呼吸”的，赋予景物生命感；“细细的，软软的”写出青苔的形态与触感，“连成”一词写出青苔连接石阶的作用，暗示细小积累也能托起长远道路，含蓄表现踏实积累的主题。解析：赏析句子要兼顾手法、内容、效果和主题。只说“生动形象”不够，要指出哪里生动、怎样服务文章情感。评分细则：修辞或表达特点1.5分，景物特点1分，表达效果1.5分，