Unit 6 Integration-Assessment-Further study（导学案）（答案版）

Unit6SunshineforallIntegration&Assessment&Furtherstudy1.掌握Unit6Integration及后面部分的重点单词、短语和句型；2.掌握本单元主题写作。一、请根据句子意思，用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空1.Theteacherremindsme______(behave)wellatschooltomorrow.2.Thecountrylifehewasusedtohaschanged______(great)since1992.3.Hewasinvitedtolotsof______(compete)aroundtheworld.4.The______(athlete)workhardintrainingtowinthegoldmedalatthenationalsportsmeeting.5.Theteacherwantsthechildrentofeel______(confidence)aboutaskingquestionswhentheydon’tunderstand.二、请根据句子意思，用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空并完成句子require,require,grateful,smooth,be,ability6.Thisnewpencostsme20yuan.Itwritesvery______.7.Wemustpractiseourlistening,speaking,readingandwriting______.8.Theprojectisimportantand______alotoftimeandefforttocompletesuccessfully.9.Myparentsexpectme______ateacher.10.Iamdeeply______tomyparentsbecauseoftheirkindness.三、翻译句子11.对志愿者们来说接受培训是重要的。（Itis+adj.+forsbtodosth.）_____________________________________________________________________12.学好英语，以便我们能够与世界分享中国故事。（sothat）_____________________________________________________________________13.我们经常聚集在这里讨论阅读什么。（疑问词+不定式）_____________________________________________________________________14.你捐款给盲人是乐于助人的。（Itis+adj.+ofsbtodosth.）_____________________________________________________________________15.不管怎样，看到小镇这些令人惊叹的变化还是不错的。（it’sgoodto…）_____________________________________________________________________答案：1.tobehave2.greatly3.competitions4.athletes5.confident6.smoothly7.abilities8.requires9.tobe10.grateful11.Itisimportantforvolunteerstoreceivetraining.12.LearnEnglishwellsothatwecanshareChinesestorieswiththeworld.13.Weoftengatherhereanddiscusswhattoread.14.It'shelpfulofyoutodonatemoneytotheblind.15.Anyway,it'sgoodtoseetheamazingchangesinthetown.第一部分Integration【知识梳理1】IItaskscollegestudentstovolunteerinChina’swesternareas.该项目要求大学生到中国西部地区做志愿者。western〔形容词〕西部的；西方的，西方国家的指“西方的，西方国家的”时，首字母通常大写。__________________________________________明年他要到中国西部去做志愿者。__________________________________________西方国家/音乐/文化拓展表示方位的名词，加-ern可构成形容词，表示“……方向的”。west(西，西方)→western(西方的)east(东，东方)→eastern(东方的)south(南，南方)→southern(南方的)north(北，北方)→northern(北方的)答案：HewillgotowesternChinatobeavolunteernextyear.Westerncountries/music/culture【即时练习】1．Englandis______thewestofChina.A．in B．on C．to D．at2．Longyanisabeautifulcityanditlies________thewestofFujian.A．in B．on C．to3．Helikesreadingbooksabout________(west)artandhistory.4．Thereisafamoussaying,“Eastor_______,homeisthebest.”(西方)5．Theculturein________(西方的)countriesisquitedifferentfromthatinChina.答案：1．C2．A3．western4．west5．western【知识梳理2】Hesuffersfromaseriousblooddisease.他患有严重的血液病。(1)suffer①〔不及物动词〕受折磨；变差__________________患……病，遭受from后常接表示疾病、痛苦、寒冷、饥饿、悲伤等的词语。____________________________________我不忍心看动物受苦。____________________________________他的孩子得了重感冒。②〔及物动词〕遭受______________________________________________________由于洪水，庄稼遭受了严重的损失。(2)bloodblood〔不可数名词〕血，血液__________________血型____________________________________血浓于水。____________________________________地上有一些血迹。拓展bleed(bled,bled)〔不及物动词〕流血，出血______________________________________________________我的手和膝盖在流血。答案：1.sufferfromIhatetoseeanimalssuffering.Hischildissufferingfromabadcold.Cropssufferedseriousdamageasaresultofthefloods.2.bloodtypeBloodisthickerthanwater.Thereissomebloodontheground.Myhandandkneewerebleeding.【即时练习】1．Beforeexams,manystudents________anxietyandcan’tsleepwell.A．suffer B．sufferfrom C．havesuffered D．aresufferingfrom2．Howlong________thelocalpeople________fromtheaftershockssincetheearthquakehappenedlastmonth?A．do;suffer B．did;suffer C．have;suffered D．have;beensuffering3．Shecan’tsleepwellbecauseshesuffers________thepainintheback.A．of B．from C．for D．with4．Peoplewhosufferfrom________(lonely)oftenneedotherstosharetheir________.(suffer)5．Manypeopleinthisarea________(suffer)fromthefluthesedays.6．They_________(受苦，遭受)alotwhentheystudyabroadatfirst.7．Manypeopleinthearea________________(遭受；患……病)theterribleflulastwinter.8．Look!Yourarmis________(blood)!What’sthematter?9．Hisnosestartedto________(blood)afterhefelldown.10．Weallknowthat________(血)isthickerthanwater.11．Unfortunately,themanslowly________(流血)todeathatlast.答案：1．B2．D3．B4．lonelinesssuffering5．aresuffering6．suffer7．sufferedfrom8．bleeding9．bleed10．blood11．bled【知识梳理3】Ifallofusgiveahelpinghand,wecansaveXiaoWei!如果我们所有人都伸出援手，我们就能挽救肖伟！____________________________帮助，伸出援助之手与____________________________(帮某人一把)同义。____________________________向……伸出援手____________________________________________________________________________________当看到这个可怜的人时，很多人伸出了援助之手。____________________________________________________________________________________我们应该帮助我们的同学。答案：giveahelpinghandgivesbahandgiveahelpinghandto...Manypeoplegaveahelpinghandwhentheysawthepoorman.Weshouldgiveahelpinghandtoourclassmates.【即时练习】1．如果我们每个人能伸出援助之手，他会很快又好起来的。Ifallofuscangive____________,hemay____________againsoon.2．很多病人承担不起去看病，所以我们需要伸出援助之手。Manypatientscan’tafford________,soweneedto________.3．如果每个人都伸出援助之手，那么这个世界将会变得更加美好。Ifeveryone____________________________________,theworldwillbebetter.答案：1．ahelpinghandgetwell2．toseeadoctor/toseethedoctor/togotohospitalgiveahelpinghand3．givesahelpinghand【知识梳理4】XiaoWeiissufferingfromaseriousblooddiseaseandhasbeenabsentfromschoolsincelastmonth.肖伟患有严重的血液病，自上个月以来一直缺课。absent〔形容词〕缺席，不在____________________________缺席……__________________________________________王先生昨天没来上班。拓展①______________名词〕缺席__________________________________________我不在时汤姆完成了工作。②present〔形容词〕出席__________________________________________有200人出席会议。答案：beabsentfromMrWangwasabsentfromworkyesterday.AbsenceTomfinishedtheworkduringmyabsence.Therewere200peoplepresentatthemeeting.【即时练习】1．LiHuausedto________histeacher’sblame(责备)becausehewas________classattimes.A．suffer;absentfor B．sufferfrom;absentfromC．sufferfrom;absentfor D．suffering;absentfrom2．AsI’mgrowingup,myparents’loveandcareisneverabsent________mylife.A．over B．among C．from D．for3．Mr.Chenwassurprisedtoseethefastdevelopmentinhishometownafterhislong_________.(absent)4．Whywereyou______(缺席)fromtheEnglishclasslastFriday?答案：1．B2．C3．absence4．absent【知识梳理5】Theycannotaffordsuchanexpensiveoperation.他们负担不起如此昂贵的手术费用。辨析:such与so二者都表示程度，意为“如此；这样”，其区别为：形式用法such形容词such+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数such+形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词so副词so+形容词/副词so+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数so+many/much/few/little(少)+名词________________________一个如此重要的决定________________________这么好的书________________________________________________我们的情况是如此糟糕。________________________咳嗽得如此厉害________________________如此多的通知答案：suchanimportantdecisionsuchgoodbooksOursituationissoterrible.sobadacoughsomanynotices【即时练习】1．Idon’tthink________littleboyscaneat________muchfoodin________ashorttime.A．so;such;so B．so;so;suchC．such;so;such D．such;so;so2．Itisimpossiblefor________alittleboytodo________muchworkin________ashorttime.A．so,so,such B．such,so,suchC．so,such,such D．such,such,so3．—Canyoubelieve________littlechildrencanfinish________adifficultproblemin________littletime?—Ican’tbelieveituntilIseeitwithmyowneyes.A．so;so;such B．so;such;such C．such;so;so D．such;such;so4．—_________littlewaterisnotenoughfor_________manybirds.—_________littlebirdscannothave_________much.A．Such;such;Such;so B．So;so;So;suchC．Such;so;Such;so D．So;so;Such;so5．Thereis_____littlefoodand_______manypeoplethatmanypeoplediedfromhunger.A．so,such B．such,so C．so,so D．such,such6．NewYear’sDayiscoming.Look!_____manychildrenarepracticingdancingin____coldweathercarefullyfortheperformance.A．such,such B．so,such C．such,sucha D．so,so7．―WhatdoyouthinkoftheTVshowReadershostedbyDongQing?―Wonderful!Ithinkitis_____ameaningfulTVshowthat_____manypeoplelikewatchingit.A．so;so B．so;such C．such;such D．such;so答案：1．C2．B3．D4．D5．C6．B7．D【知识梳理6】Withoutthisoperation,Xiao’slifewouldbeatrisk.如果不进行这场手术，肖伟的生命将面临危险。_________________有危险；冒风险通常作表语或后置定语，用来表示人或事物面临潜在的伤害、损失或不良后果。__________________________________高/低风险__________________________________有(做)某事的风险___________________________________________________吸烟者有患肺病的风险。___________________________________________________如果你经常锻炼，肥胖的风险就会很低。拓展__________________________________冒险(做某事)___________________________________________________你没有权利拿别人的生命去冒险。答案：atriskathigh/lowriskatriskof(doing)sthSmokersareatriskofdevelopinglungdisease.Ifyouexerciseregularly,youareatlowriskofobesity.takearisk/risksYouhavenorighttotakeriskswithotherpeople’slives.【即时练习】1．Lastmonth,atouristfell________theriver.He________,butluckily,aguidequicklyjumpedintosavehim.Remember,swimminginthisriver________becauseofthefastcurrents.A．down;wasdangerous;isatrisk B．into;wasindanger;isdangerousC．down;wasatrisk;isindanger D．into;isdangerous;isindanger2．Thosewho________tosaveothershaveastrongsenseofresponsibility(责任感).Theyarewellworththename—heroes!A．takenotes B．takeplace C．takerisks D．takephotos3．Youngpeoplemayrisk________deafiftheyareexposedtoveryloudmusiceveryday.A．togo B．go C．going D．togoing4．Wetoldhim_________risk_________inthesebadconditions.A．notto;travel B．not;travelC．notto;travelling D．not;travelling5．Therearesome________(risk)whenweclimbmountains,soweshouldbecareful.6．Anumberofyoungpeoplearecrazyaboutrisking________(take)photosatdangeroussitesthesedays.答案：1．B2．C3．C4．C5．risks6．taking第二部分Writing【单元话题写作】帮助他人假定你是李华，上周你和同学参加了养老院志愿者活动。学校英语角将举办"Volunteeringmakesadifference"的主题演讲活动，请根据以下信息，写一篇英文发言稿，可适当拓展。(1)Specificvolunteeractivities:cleantheroom...(2)Whydidyouparticipateinthisvolunteeractivity?(3)Whatdoyouthinkofthisvolunteeractivity?注意:(1)文中不得出现人名和校名等真实信息；(2)写作词数80左右(开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数)。Goodmorning,everyone!I'mLiHua.Lastweek___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Thankyouforlistening!第一步审体裁：应用文时态：以一般过去时和一般现在时为主人称：以第一人称和第三人称为主内容要点：具体的志愿活动内容；参与此次志愿活动的原因；对这次志愿活动的看法写作结构：总—分—总第二步列参考范文Goodmorning,everyone!I'mLiHua.Lastweek,myclassmatesandIvolunteeredatanursinghome.First,wecleanedtheroomsandwateredplants.Besides,wechattedwiththeelderly,sangsongs,andeventaughtthemsimpleexercises.Itwasameaningfulexperience.Whydidwedothis?Ibelievehelpingothersisthebestwaytohelpourselves.Bycaringfortheelderly,welearnpatienceandresponsibility.What'smore,theirsmilesmakeusrealizethejoyofgiving.Inmyopinion,volunteeringbringsastrongfeelingofsatisfaction.Itconnectsuswithpeopleinneedandmakesourworldwarmer.Itshowseveryonecanmakeadifferenceaslongasheorsheiswillingto.Thankyouforlistening!一、根据中文提示写出正确的单词。1.Thereisabiglibraryinthe___________(西北方)ofournewschool.2.Donating___________(血液)isoneoftheeasiestwaysofsavinglives.3.Isitgoodforustocelebrate___________(西方的)festivalsinsteadofChinesetraditionalones?4.Holmesiswellknownforsolvingproblemswithlogicsincehehasgreatknowledgeofscienceand___________(化学).5.Eatingtoomuchsaltcanincreasetheriskofmanyserious___________(疾病)likehypertension(高血压).二、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。1.Theincreasing___________(popular)oftheinternetintroducednewwaysaboutlearningandsharingknowledgetopeople.2.Iremember___________(put)mykeyintomybag,butnowit'snotthere!3.Guangzhou,amodernanddevelopedcity,isin___________(south)China.4.I'msorrywe___________(sell)outtoday'snewspapersjustminutesago.5.Arecentsurveyshowsthatabout49.3percentofyoungpeople'smainpurposeofshoppingistogettheemotionalvalueofthegoodsandservices,notjust___________(meet)theirpracticalneeds.三、单项选择。1.Thecharity______poorchildren______cleanwater,foodandeducation.A.provides;from B.provides;for C.provides;to D.provides;with2.It'ssurprisingthat______littlechildrenknow______muchknowledge.A.so;such B.such;so C.so;so D.such;such3.It'sverykind______youtohelpme,butit'sveryhard______youtofinishtoomuchworkinashorttime.A.for;for B.of;of C.for;of D.of;for4.—Manygirls______theboysareinterestedintheWorldCup.Whataboutyou?—Metoo.MycousinLilylikeswatchingfootballgames______.A.aswell;aswell B.aswell;aswellas C.aswellas;aswellas D.aswellas;aswell5.—Itismeaningfultoworkasvolunteersinthecommunity.—______.Helpingothersishelpingourselves.A.IagreeB.GoodluckC.NoworriesD.Havefun四、根据中文提示完成句子。1.那位老人去年受严重疾病的折磨。Theoldman_____________________________________lastyear.2.为了实现我们的梦想，我们应该努力学习，决不放弃。______________________________________________,weshouldstudyhardandnevergiveup.3.外出旅游时，和家人保持联系是有必要的。It's________________________________________________________________whiletravellingoutside.4.我爸爸曾在中国西南地区当兵。Myfatherusedtobeasoldier______________________________________________________________.答案：一、1.north-west2.blood3.Western4.chemistry5.diseases二、1.popularity2.putting3.southern4.sold5.tomeet三、1.D2.B3.D4.D5.A四、1.sufferedfromaseriousillness2.Toachieveourdreams3.necessarytokeepintouchwithfamily4.inSouth-westChinaⅠ请根据句子意思，用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空1.Thiswomanisbadlyill.Sheneedsan___________(operate)atonce.2.MymotherhasbeentoLondonmanytimes,andsheloves___________(west)food.3.The___________(popular)ofEnglishsongsisgrowingamongstudents.4.MrChenwassurprisedtoseethefastdevelopmentinhishometownafterhislong___________(absent).5.WHOisoneofthemostimportantinternational___________(organize)intheworld.Ⅱ单项选择()6.—Myfavouritesubjectis______.Ilovedoingexperiments.—Metoo!A.chemistry B.literature C.fantasy D.English()7.______isimportant______youngpeopletoreadusefulbooks.A.This;for B.That;of C.It;for D.It;of()8.The______boyhasbeeninhospitalfortwoweeks.Hehasaseriousheart______.A.sick;disease B.ill;illness C.sick;illness D.ill;disease()9.Fewerandfeweroldpeopleinthecity______abadcoldduringtheearlyspring.A.trainfor B.tryout C.playagainst D.sufferfromⅢ根据所给中文意思，用英语完成下列各句10.我们应该帮助那些需要帮助的人。Weshould____________________________________tothoseinneed.11.这些医生自从决定当志愿者起已经帮助了很多病人。Thesedoctorshavehelpedmanypatientssincethey____________________________________.12.我会尽我最大的努力为慈善机构筹钱。Iwilltrymybestto____________________________________forthecharity.13.DeepSeek是一家新的AI公司，也是一个重要的AI模型。DeepSeekisanewAIcompany____________________________________animportantAImodel.答案：1.operation2.west(ern)/West(ern)3.popularity4.absence5.organizations6.A7.C8.A9.D10.giveahelpinghand11.decidedtoworkas/bevolunteers12.raisemoney13.aswellas能力提升一、完形填空Mymotherisanursewhohasworkedinacommunityhospitalfor15years.Sheisalwaysbusybutnevercomplains.Everymorning,shegetsupearlytopreparebreakfastforourfamilybeforegoingtowork.Evenonweekends,sheoftengoestothehospitaltolookafterpatientswhoareinneedof1.Sheoftentellsmethatnursingisnotjustajob,butapromisetocareforothers.Once,alittleboywassenttothehospitalwithabadcold.Hisparentswerenotaround,somymotherstayedwithhimallday.Shefedhimandtoldhimstories,justlikeshedidforme.Theboyfeltmuchbettersoonandcalledher“angelaunt”.Sheevenuseshersparetimetolearnnewnursingskillsto2herservicequality.WhenIwasachild,Ididn’tunderstandwhymymotherspentsomuchtimewithherpatients.Once,Ihadahighfeveratmidnight.Mymotherwasveryworried.Shetookmytemperature,gavememedicine,andstayedbymysideallnight.Atthatmoment,Irealizedhow3shewas—notonlytomebutalsotoherpatients.Lastyear,mymotherwonthe“ExcellentNurse”award.Manypatientscametothankher,sayingthatshewaslikeafamilymembertothem.Mymotheralwayssays,“Nursingneedsloveandpatience.”Herwordshavebecomemy4inlife.AsIgrowup,Ibecomemoreproudofmymother.Sheteachesmetheimportanceofresponsibility.WheneverImeetdifficulties,Ithinkofherperseverance.Shesetsagood5forme.Ihopetobeapersonlikeherwhobringswarmthtoothers.Now,Ioftenhelpmymotherwithhouseworktoshareherburden.Iknowherloveislikeabrightlightguidingme.NomatterwhatIdointhefuture,Iwillalwaysremembermymother’s6andkeepherspirit.Mother’sloveisselfless.7sheistiredeveryday,shenevershowsitinfrontofme.Shealwaysencouragesmetomoveforward.Iwillrepayherloveandmakeher8.Lastmonth,Iwroteacompositionaboutmymotherforaschoolcompetitionandwonthefirstprize.WhenIshowedhertheaward,shehuggedmetightly.Thatmomentmademeunderstandmutuallove.Iwill9herloveandpassonherkindness.Thisisthemostpreciousgiftmymotherhasgivenme,andIwillkeepitinmyheart10.1．A．help B．food C．money D．advice2．A．improve B．reduce C．change D．stop3．A．strict B．kind C．serious D．careless4．A．guide B．rule C．record D．plan5．A．sign B．mark C．symbol D．example6．A．words B．songs C．dreams D．hobbies7．A．When B．Because C．Though D．If8．A．sad B．worried C．proud D．angry9．A．forget B．cherish C．refuse D．avoid10．A．sometimes B．never C．hardly D．forever二、阅读理解Theoceancoversabout71%oftheEarth’ssurfaceandishometomillionsoflivingthings.Itplaysanimportantroleinourplanet’secosystem.However,theoceanisfacingseriouspollutionproblems,whichareharmfultomarinelife.Plasticpollutionisoneofthebiggestthreatstotheocean.Everyyear,millionsoftonsofplasticwasteentertheocean.Fish,turtlesandothermarineanimalsoftenmistakeplasticforfood.Whentheyeatplastic,itcangetstuckintheirstomachsandcausedeath.Somemarineanimalsarealsotrapped(困住)inplasticnetsandcannotswimfreely.Anotherproblemisoilpollution.Oilspills(泄漏)fromshipsorfactoriescancoverthesurfaceoftheocean.Thispreventssunlightfromreachingmarineplants,whicharethebaseoftheoceanfoodchain.Withoutsunlight,marineplantscannotgrow,andthisaffectsallothermarineanimalsthatdependonthemforfood.Wecantakeactiontoprotecttheocean.Forexample,wecanreducetheuseofplasticproducts,recycleplasticwaste,andavoidthrowingrubbishintotheocean.Governmentsshouldalsomakestrictlawstopreventoilspillsandpunishthosewhopollutetheocean.Theoceanisapreciousresource.Itprovidesuswithfood,waterandoxygen.Protectingtheoceanisprotectingourownhome.Wemustworktogethertomaketheoceancleanandhealthyagain.11．WhatpercentageoftheEarth’ssurfaceiscoveredbytheocean?A．29%. B．50%. C．71%. D．85%.12．Whatisoneofthebiggestthreatstotheocean?A．Airpollution. B．Plasticpollution. C．Noisepollution. D．Lightpollution.13．Whyisoilpollutionharmfultomarineplants?A．Itmakesthewatertoocold. B．Ittakesawaytheirfood.C．Itpoisonsthewater. D．Itpreventssunlightfromreachingthem.14．Whatcanwedotoprotecttheocean?A．Usemoreplasticproducts. B．Throwrubbishintotheocean.C．Recycleplasticwaste. D．Ignoreoilspills.15．Whatdoestheoceanprovideuswith?A．Food,waterandoxygen. B．Food,moneyandenergy.C．Water,oilandgold. D．Oxygen,woodandstone.JaneAustenisoneofthemostfamousEnglishwritersinhistory.Shewasbornin1775inEnglandanddiedin1817.Althoughshelivedover200yearsago,hernovelsarestillpopulararoundtheworldtoday.Austen’snovelsmainlyfocusonthelivesofmiddle-classwomenin18th-centuryEngland.Shedescribedthesocialcustomsandrelationshipsofthattimeinahumorousandcleverway.Herworksoftenexplorethemessuchaslove,marriage,andwomen’sindependence.OneofhermostfamousnovelsisPrideandPrejudice.ThenoveltellsthestoryofElizabethBennet,asmartandindependentyoungwoman.Elizabethrefusestomarryformoneyorsocialstatusandinsistsonmarryingsomeoneshetrulyloves.ThenovelshowsAusten’sideathattrueloveshouldbebasedonmutualrespectandunderstanding.AnotherfamousnovelbyAustenisSenseandSensibility.Ittellsthestoryoftwosisterswithdifferentpersonalities.Onesisterisrational(理性的)andcalm,whiletheotherisemotional(感性的)andimpulsive(冲动的).Thenovelcomparesthetwodifferentwaysofdealingwithloveandlife.Austen’snovelsarelovedbyreadersbecauseoftheirvividcharactersandinterestingplots.Shehadauniqueabilitytodescribehumannatureandsociallife.HerworkshavebeenadaptedintomanymoviesandTVshows,whichhavemadehernovelsmorepopularamongyoungpeople.16．WhenwasJaneAustenborn?A．In1775. B．In1817. C．In1800. D．In1750.17．WhatdoAusten’snovelsmainlyfocuson?A．Thelivesofrichmen. B．Thelivesofmiddle-classwomen.C．Thelivesoffarmers. D．Thelivesofkingsandqueens.18．WhatisthethemeofPrideandPrejudice?A．Truelovebasedonmutualrespect. B．Theimportanceofmoney.C．Thestruggleforpower. D．Thebeautyofnature.19．WhatisthedifferencebetweenthetwosistersinSenseandSensibility?A．Oneisrich,theotherispoor. B．Oneistall,theotherisshort.C．Oneisrational,theotherisemotional. D．Oneisyoung,theotherisold.20．WhyareAusten’snovelsstillpopulartoday?A．Becausetheyareveryshort.