2026年河北省石家庄市长安区中考英语模拟试卷(含详细答案解析)

第=page11页，共=sectionpages11页2026年河北省石家庄市长安区中考英语模拟试卷一、完形填空：本大题共10小题，共10分。

Expertssaythatmorethan22，000plasticbottlesarethrownawayeverysecond，andthisnumberisstillgrowing.Whileonlyasmallnumberofthesebottlesare

(1)

，mostendupintheoceans.There，theybreakdownintotinypieces，andfishandbirdsoftenmistakethemforfoodwhichis

(2)

forthem.

Roberthas

(3)

anideathatmaynotsolvealltheworld'splasticproblems，butitcouldmakeadifferenceandinspire（鼓舞）otherstohelp.Heplanstouseplasticbottlesto

(4)

avillageintheforestofBocasdelToro，Panama.

Robert，aCanadianbusinessman，haslivedinPanamaformanyyears.HestartedarecyclingprojectinBocasdelToroafterseeingplasticwaste

(5)

thrownontheisland'sbeautifulbeaches.Overayearandahalf，Robertandhisvolunteershave

(6)

morethanamillionplasticbottles.

Threeyearslater，hethoughtofusingthesebottlestobuild

(7)

，andthat'showthePlasticBottleVillagebegan.TheprojectisonanislandinBocasdelToro，andit'sstilljuststarting.Sofar，onlyafewhouseshavebeenbuilt，

(8)

Roberthopestocreateaspecialcommunitywhere90to120familieswilllive.

IfRobertcanraiseenough

(9)

，healsoplanstobuildalearningcenterwithstudentdormitories（宿舍），whereotherscanlearnhowtoreuseplasticwaste.

Recyclingplasticbottlesis

(10)

incuttingdowntheamountofplasticwastethatendsupinouroceans，butthebestthingtodoisavoidusingplasticaltogether.So，besuretodoyourpartbyreducingyouruseofsingle-useplastics.1.A.recycled B.seen C.found D.refused2.A.perfect B.necessary C.important D.bad3.A.lookedup B.talkedabout C.thoughtof D.paidfor4.A.build B.buy C.return D.remember5.A.normally B.quietly C.carelessly D.quickly6.A.collected B.wasted C.thrown D.sold7.A.forests B.houses C.projects D.parks8.A.so B.or C.and D.but9.A.rubbish B.money C.water D.energy10.A.colorful B.thankful C.wonderful D.helpful二、补全对话-填空：本大题共1小题，共10分。11.根据下面的对话情景，在空白处填入一个适当的句子，使对话的意思连贯、完整。

（Jane

is

calling

Gina

to

ask

her

to

play

football.）

Gina：Hello!

This

is

Gina

speaking.

Jane：Hi，Gina!

This

is

Jane.（1）______

Gina：Not

very

good.What

are

you

calling

me

for？

Jane：（2）______

Gina：I'm

sorry，but

I

can't

go

with

you.

Jane：Why

not？Football

is

your

favorite，isn't

it？

Gina：Yes.But

I'm

a

little

sad.

Jane：（3）______

Gina：I

failed

the

math

exam

again.（4）______

Jane：I'm

sorry

to

hear

that.I

think

you

should

practice

more

and

study

the

reasons

for

making

mistakes

carefully.

Gina：Thanks

for

your

advice.I

feel

better.Let's

go

and

play

football

this

afternoon.

Jane：Great!（5）______

Gina：How

about

2：30

at

the

school

gate？

Jane：OK.(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

三、阅读理解：本大题共15小题，共30分。A

Asastudent，youmusthavemetallkindsofteachers.Doyoulikeorhatethem？Istherecompleteunderstandingbetweenyouandthem？

Atfirst，IthoughtMissLiwasnervousandshy.Butnow，Ifindshe'skindandpatient，andsheexplainsEnglishgrammarsoclearlythatevenIcanunderstanditwell!Shealwaysavoidsmakingyoufeelstupid.I'vealwayshatedmakingmistakesorpronouncingawordincorrectlywhenIspeakEnglish，butMissLijustsmiles，sothatIdon'tfeelthatstupid!

Mrs.Chenisverystrictandserious.Inherclass，wedon'tdaretosayawordunlesssheasksusto.Thereareafewstudentsinourclasswhokeepcomingtoclasslate，butthey'realwaysontimeforMrs.Chen'slessons!Someofourclassmatesdon'tlikeher.Butmostofusreallyappreciate（欣赏）herbecauseherteachingissowellorganizedandclear.Physicswillneverbemyfavoritelesson，butIthinkI'lldowellintheexamwithMrs.Chenteachingme.

Mr.Wuisverypopular.HereallyenjoysteachingChinese.Youcan'timaginewhatagreatteacherheis!Hetalksloudlyandfastandwaveshishandsaboutalotwhenhegetsexcited.He'sreallyunderstandingandfunny.Whenhethinkswe'regettingbored，hewilltellusjokesandmakeusactiveagain.Healwaysmakeshislessonslivelyandinteresting，sowereallyrespecthim.12.WhatsubjectdoesMissLiteach？______A.English. B.Physics. C.Chinese. D.History.13.WhatisMrs.Chenlike？______A.Sheiskindandpatient. B.Sheisstrictandserious.

C.Sheisunderstandingandfunny. D.Sheishumorousandactive.14.WhydostudentsrespectMr.Wu？______A.Becauseheisstrictandpatient.

B.Becauseheavoidsmakingthemfeelstupid.

C.Becauseheorganizeshisteachingwellandclearly.

D.Becausehemakeshislessonslivelyandinteresting.B

Oneday，whileMr.Worthwasreadingabook，hisgrandsonShawnranintothehouseafterschool.Hetoldhisgrandfatheraboutaclassscienceprojectthathewasveryexcitedabout.

Eachstudentwasgoingtogrowapotofbeanplants.Whentheplantsgrewbigandstrong，thestudentsweretoplanttheminagardenatschool.Theyallwantedtogrowthestrongestandbestbeanplant.

Shawnshowedhisgrandfatherthebeanseeds（种子）.Heexplainedthathisteachertaughtthemhowtomaketheseedsgrow.First，theyputtheseedsonawetpapertowel（纸巾）.Then，putthemnearawindowtoletthemgetsomesun.Whentheseedssprout（发芽），theyarereadytobemovedintoasmallpot.

Afterlisteningtohisgrandson，Mr.Worthsaid，"Youdojustasyouhavelearned，butIwanttoshowyouonemorethingaboutgrowingplants."

"WhenIwasaboy，myfathershowedmehowtogrowstrongplants，"hecontinued."Whentheplantisstartingout，youputsomeweightonit."Shawnlookedathisgrandfatherunbelievably.

"Doesn'ttheweightstopthebeanfromgrowing？"heasked.

"No，ofcoursenot.Thisway，youwillforcethebeanplanttobestrongandhealthy.Ifyougiveiteverythingitwants，itwillgrowtoofastanditwillbeweak.Thenwhenthefirstbigwindblows，itwillfallover."

Shawnlistenedcarefullyandfeltexcited.Hewantedtogrowthebeaninthewayhisgrandfatherdescribed.Hecouldhardlywaittotellhisfriendswhathehadlearnedthatday.15.WhatwasShawn'sscienceprojectabout？______A.Plantingflowersinagarden.

B.Growingbeanplantsinpots.

C.Studyingdifferentkindsofseeds.

D.Makingpapertowelswet.16.WhatdidMr.WorthsuggestShawndotomakethebeanplantstrong？______A.Giveitplentyofwatereveryday.

B.Keepitawayfromsunlight.

C.Plantitinaverylargepot.

D.Putsomeweightonitwhenitstartsgrowing.17.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext？______A.Learntogrowunderpressure.

B.Keepondoingthingstotheend.

C.Successdependsonhardworkandpatience.

D.Givetheplanteverythingitwantstomakeitstrong.C

Shoppingcanbefun，butitcanalsomakeyoufeeltired.What'sworse，itoftenmakesyouspendmorethanyouplanned.Herearesomeusefultipstohelpyoushopbetterandavoidoverspending.

Beforeshopping，makingalistcanbeuseful.Withalist，youclearlyknowwhattobuyandwheretofindit.Ithelpsyouputthethingsyouwanttobuyinorder.Thisway，youdon'tneedtowastetimerememberingsomanythings.

Toavoidoverspending，setaspendinglimitbeforeshopping.Decidehowmuchyoucanspendandonlycarrythatamountofmoney.Thiswillstopyoufromspendingmorethanyouplanned.

Whenshopping，alwayscheckthediscounttags（折扣标签）carefully.Somediscountsmaynotbeasgoodastheyappear，becausesometimesshopkeepersraisethepricesfirst，andthengivediscounts.Sotrytoavoidexpensivestores.

Beforebuyinganything，askyourselfquestionslike，"DoIneedthis？"or"WillIreallywearthis？"Forexample，ifyouseeyourfavoritesingerwearawoolsweaterinanad.Itlooksgreat，butyoualreadyhaveanicesweaterathome.Shouldyoureallybuyit？

Fashionabledesignsorbigsalesarenotgoodenoughreasonstobuythings.Thinktwicebeforeyoupay!Remembertobuythingsthatmatchorshowyourpersonality.Thisway，shoppingcanbemorepersonalandfun!

Thesesimpletipscanhelpyousavemoney，andenjoytheprocessmore.Nexttimeyougoshopping，givethesetipsatry!18.Whyismakingashoppinglisthelpful？______A.Becauseitmakesshoppingmorepersonal.

B.Becauseitmakesshoppingmorefun.

C.Becauseithelpsyoutoavoidexpensivestores.

D.Becauseithelpsyourememberwhattobuyandsavestime.19.Whatdoesthewriteradviseaboutbuyingdiscountedthings？______A.Buythemquicklybeforetheysellout.

B.Askyourfriendsfortheiropinionsfirst.

C.Don'tbuythemonlybecausetheyarecheap.

D.Alwayscomparethepriceswithonlineshops.20.Whatshouldyouaskyourselfbeforebuyingacoat？______A.Willmyfriendslikethiscoat？

B.DoIreallyneedthiscoat？

C.Isthisthemostexpensivecoat？

D.Willthiscoatbeoutoffashionsoon？21.Whatisthemainpurposeofthistext？______A.Toexplainwhyshoppingisalwaystiring.

B.Todescribedifferentkindsofstoresanddiscounts.

C.Togiveadviceonhowtoshopwiselyandsavemoney.

D.Totellastoryaboutapersonwholovesshopping.DDid

you

know

that

vocabulary

is

more

important

than

grammar?

If

you

have

a

good

vocabulary,

you

can

communicate

successfully,

even

if

the

grammar

is

not

completely

perfect.

However,

one

common

problem

is

learning

new

words

and

then

forgetting

them.

So

when

you

want

to

use

a

new

word

in

a

conversation,

you

can't

remember

it

at

that

moment.

Does

this

often

happen

to

you?

The

reason

for

this

difficulty

is

that

most

students

try

to

learn

vocabulary

by

studying

lists

and

dictionaries

and

remembering

the

words.

But

it

may

not

work

if

you

don't

have

a

very

good

memory.

The

best

way

to

learn

vocabulary

and

remember

the

words

successfully

is

to

learn

new

words

and

use

them

at

once.

You

can

do

this

with

a

very

simple

exercise.

Every

time

you

learn

a

new

word,

for

example,

from

an

English

lesson

or

an

article,

write

it

down

in

your

vocabulary

notebook.

Writing

is

more

active

than

just

reading

a

definition

(释义).

You

should

write

the

word,

the

definition

in

English

or

translation,

one

example

sentence

from

the

article

or

dictionary

and

one

example

sentence

that

you

create.

Imagine

you

just

learn

the

word

"generous",

write

in

your

vocabulary

notebook:generous

(adjective),

definition—giving

or

willing

to

give

freely.

Example

one,

from

the

article:Thanks

for

paying

for

my

dinner,

you're

very

generous.

Example

two,

my

example:My

brother

is

generous

because

he

volunteers

at

the

animal

shelter

on

weekends.

It's

best

if

your

example

sentences

are

true

to

your

life,

because

this

creates

a

personal

connection

with

the

new

word.

The

next

day,

read

your

vocabulary

notebook

again

and

try

to

add

one

more

example

sentence

using

the

new

word.

It's

helpful

for

you

to

retain

it.

These

two

simple

steps—writing

the

word

and

using

it

at

once—help

you

remember

and

use

new

words.

Do

you

have

a

vocabulary

notebook?

If

not,

start

now.22.What

is

the

best

way

to

remember

new

words?

______A.Studying

long

word

lists. B.Using

new

words

at

once.

C.Reading

their

definitions. D.Studying

with

a

dictionary.23.What's

the

correct

order

of

taking

vocabulary

notes?

______

①Make

your

own

example

sentence.

②Write

down

the

word，its

English

definition

or

translation.

③Copy

an

example

sentence

from

the

article

or

dictionary.

④Read

your

notebook

again

and

add

one

more

example

sentence.A.②③④① B.③④②① C.③②①④ D.②③①④24.How

can

you

make

the

best

example

sentence

according

to

the

writer?

______A.By

connecting

it

with

your

life. B.By

asking

for

help

from

friends.

C.By

explaining

words'

definitions. D.By

adding

words

from

the

article.25.What

does

the

underlined

word

"retain"

probably

mean

in

Paragraph

4?

______A.Complete. B.Change. C.Remember. D.Forget.26.What's

the

best

title

for

the

text?

______A.Ways

of

Learning

New

Words B.Advice

on

Using

Grammar

C.Abilities

of

Creating

Examples D.Tips

for

Translating

Words四、任务型阅读-简答：本大题共1小题，共10分。27.阅读下面短文，简略回答问题。

We

only

have

one

planet

so

we

need

to

take

responsibility

for

it.This

means

not

damaging

the

Earth

in

any

way

but

looking

after

everything

on

it.But

people

have

been

caring

less

about

the

earth

and

now

plastic

pollution

is

serious，which

has

been

caused

by

careless

humans.

The

biggest

problem

is

that

plastic

is

harmful

to

the

environment.Plastic

is

cheap

and

easy

to

make，so

humans

buy

and

use

things

that

are

made

of

it

a

lot.Then

they

throw

them

away

but

plastic

is

so

strong

that

it

needs

hundreds

of

years

to

decompose

（分解）

when

it

is

thrown

away.It

breaks

down

into

tiny

pieces，which

are

carried

away

by

the

wind

and

rain.Lots

of

plastic

products

end

up

in

rivers

and

oceans.

Luckily，there

are

things

we

can

do

to

help

reduce

this

harm.We

can

do

something

to

help

end

plastic

pollution.We

need

to

remember

the

three

Rs.It's

important

to

first

try

to

"reduce"

our

use

of

plastics.Then

"reuse"

the

plastic

products

as

much

as

possible.The

last

is

to

"recycle"，as

plastic

still

has

a

bad

influence

on

the

environment.By

working

together，we

can

make

a

positive

influence

on

the

Earth.So

we

can

reduce

the

harm

that

plastic

waste

causes.(1)What

does

taking

responsibility

for

the

planet

mean？

______(2)Whydopeoplebuyanduseplastic？

______(3)Howlongdoesittakeforplastictodecompose？

______(4)Wheredolotsofplasticproductsendup？

______(5)Isthereplasticpollutionaroundyou？Whatcanyoudotohelpreduceplasticpollution？

______五、阅读填空：本大题共1小题，共15分。28.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或填入括号内单词的正确形式。

My

school

life

is

busy

but

interesting.Every

morning，I

go

to

school

(1)

bike.At

school，we

have

many

subjects

such

as

Chinese，math，English

and

so

on.

Now，I

(2)

（listen）

to

the

teacher

in

the

classroom.Yesterday，we

(3)

（take）

a

math

test.I

hope

I

can

get

a

good

grade.We

have

two

P.E.

(4)

（class）

a

week.I

like

P.E.

best

(5)

I

can

play

basketball.I

can

play

basketball

very

(6)

（good）.Next

week，there

(7)

（be）

a

basketball

game.I

will

take

part

in

it.Our

school

also

has

different

clubs.I

want

(8)

（join）

the

English

club

to

improve

my

English.The

club

activities

(9)

（hold）

every

Friday.Tina

is

my

best

friend.She

often

(10)

（help）

me

with

my

math.After

class，we

like

talking

about

our

dreams.My

dream

is

to

be

a

(11)

（science）

in

the

future.On

weekends，I

usually

do

my

homework

(12)

（one）.Then

I

spend

some

time

reading

books.Sometimes，I

go

to

(13)

largest

park

in

our

city

with

my

parents.I'm

in

Grade

Nine

now.I

need

to

work

(14)

（hard）

than

before.I

enjoy

my

school

life.It

is

full

(15)

fun

and

challenges.I

believe

I

can

make

more

progress

in

the

future.(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

(9)

(10)

(11)

(12)

(13)

(14)

(15)

六、书面表达：本大题共1小题，共15分。29.假定你是李华，你的英国笔友David对中国文化很感兴趣。他打算暑假来中国旅游，但还没有决定去哪个城市。他给你发来邮件，向你寻求帮助。请你用英语回复一封邮件，告诉他你的建议，说明理由，并介绍一些能够帮他了解中国文化的活动。

提示：

（1）WhichcitydoyouadviseDavidtovisit？Why？

（2）WhatcanhedotheretolearnaboutChineseculture？

要求：

（1）邮件须包含提示中的所有信息，可适当发挥；

（2）邮件中不得出现真实姓名和校名；

（3）词数80个左右（开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数）。

DearDavid，

I'mgladtoknowthatyou'recomingtoChina._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours，Li

Hua

答案和解析1~10.【答案】A、D、C、A、C、A、B、D、B、D【解析】（1）考查动词。句意：虽然这些瓶子中只有一小部分被回收利用，但大多数最终进入了海洋。A.回收，B.看到，C.发现，D.拒绝，根据"onlyasmallnumber"（只有一小部分）和"mostendupintheoceans"（大部分最终流入海洋）的对比，可知前文指少量瓶子被回收处理。故选A。

（2）考查形容词。句意：在那里，它们分解成微小碎片，鱼和鸟类经常误以为它们是食物，这对它们是有害的。A.完美的，B.必要的，C.重要的，D.糟糕的，根据"mistakethemforfood"（误以为它们是食物）可知，误食塑料对动物不利。故选D。

（3）考查动词短语。句意：Robert想出了一个可能无法解决全球所有塑料问题的主意，但这能带来改变并鼓舞他人。A.抬起头，B.谈到，C.想到，D.付钱，固定搭配thinkofanidea意为"想出主意"，thoughtof为thinkof的过去式，符合语境。故选C。

（4）考查动词。句意：他计划用塑料瓶在巴拿马博卡斯德尔托罗的森林中建造一个村庄。A.建造，B.购买，C.返回，D.记住，根据后文"buildhouses"（盖房子）及"thePlasticBottleVillage"（塑料瓶村）可知，此处是"建造"村庄。故选A。

（5）考查副词。句意：在看到塑料垃圾被随意丢弃在岛上美丽的海滩上后，他在博卡斯德尔托罗启动了一个回收项目。A.正常地，B.安静地，C.粗心地，D.快速地，修饰"thrown"表示乱扔垃圾的行为，carelessly意为"粗心地；随意地"，符合逻辑。故选C。

（6）考查动词。句意：在一年半的时间里，Robert和他的志愿者们收集了超过一百万个塑料瓶。A.回收，B.浪费，C.扔掉，D.卖掉，根据"recyclingproject"（回收项目）可知他们收集瓶子。故选A。

（7）考查名词。句意：三年后，他想到用这些瓶子来建造房屋，塑料瓶村庄就这样开始了。A.森林，B.房屋，C.项目，D.公园，根据后文"onlyafewhouseshavebeenbuilt"（只建了几栋房子）可知是建房子。故选B。

（8）考查连词。句意：到目前为止，只建了几座房子，但Robert希望创建一个有90到120个家庭居住的特殊社区。A.所以，B.或者，C.和，D.但是，前后句为转折关系：建成的少，但希望建得多。故选D。

（9）考查名词。句意：如果Robert能筹集到足够的资金，他还计划建一个带学生宿舍的学习中心。A.垃圾，B.钱，C.水，D.能源，根据语境，建造设施需要资金，money"资金，钱"，符合逻辑。故选B。

（10）考查形容词。句意：回收塑料瓶有助于减少最终流入海洋的塑料垃圾数量，但最好的做法是完全避免使用塑料。A.丰富多彩的，B.感恩的，C.精彩的，D.乐于助人的，固定搭配behelpfulindoingsth.意为"有助于做某事"。故选D。

本文介绍了全球塑料瓶污染日益严重，大量塑料瓶最终流入海洋，对海洋生物造成危害。加拿大商人Robert在巴拿马发起了一项回收利用塑料瓶的项目，计划用塑料瓶在博卡斯德尔托罗的森林中建造一个村庄。他和志愿者已收集超过百万个塑料瓶，并开始建造房屋，未来还计划建设学习中心。文章最后强调，回收塑料瓶虽有助于减少海洋塑料污染，但最好的办法是避免使用一次性塑料制品。

首先通读全文，了解文章大意，紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息，然后明确词意，结合所学语法，运用排除法逐一选出答案，最后再通读全文核对答案。11.【答案】【小题1】How

is

it

going？/How

is

everything

going？【小题2】I'dliketoinviteyoutoplayfootball.【小题3】What'swrongwithyou？/What'sthematter？/Whathappenedtoyou？【小题4】WhatshouldIdo？【小题5】Whenandwhereshallwemeet？【解析】1.

根据下文"Not

very

good."（不太好。）可知，此处询问对方最近怎么样。故填How

is

it

going？/How

is

everything

going？

2.

根据下文"I'msorry，butIcan'tgowithyou."（抱歉，但是我不能去。）可知，此处提出邀请，结合下文"Footballisyourfavorite，isn'tit？"（足球是你的最爱，不是吗？）可知，是邀请她去踢足球。故填I'dliketoinviteyoutoplayfootball.

3.

根据上文"ButI'malittlesad."（但是我有点难过。）可知，对方心情不好，下文"Ifailedthemathexamagain."（我数学考试又不及格。）回答了原因，此处应是询问对方怎么了。故填What'swrongwithyou？/What'sthematter？/Whathappenedtoyou？

4.

根据下文Ithinkyoushouldpracticemoreandstudythereasonsformakingmistakescarefully."（我认为你应该多练习，仔细研究犯错的原因。）可知为简给出的建议，此处应是寻求建议。故填WhatshouldIdo？

5.

根据下文"Howabout2：30attheschoolgate？"（2点半学校门口见怎么样？）可知，此处询问什么时间在哪里碰头。故填Whenandwhereshallwemeet？12~14.【答案】A、B、D【解析】（1）细节理解题。第二段明确说明："sheexplainsEnglishgrammarsoclearlythatevenIcanunderstanditwell（她把英语语法解释得很清楚，连我都听得懂）"可知，李老师教的科目是英语。故选A。

（2）细节理解题。第三段首句指出："Mrs.Chenisverystrictandserious.（陈老师非常严格认真。）"可知，陈老师的性格是严格且严肃的。故选B。

（3）细节理解题。第四段末尾点明："Healwaysmakeshislessonslivelyandinteresting，sowereallyrespecthim.（他总是让他的课生动有趣，所以我们真的很尊重他。）"可知，学生们尊敬吴老师是因为他让课堂生动有趣。故选D。

本文是一篇记叙文，作者介绍了三位风格各异的老师：耐心亲切的英语老师李老师、严格认真的物理老师陈老师，以及善解人意且风趣幽默的语文老师吴老师，展现了不同老师的教学特点与学生对他们的看法。

答阅读题时，先弄清楚短文的主旨大意和文章的脉络，然后在文章中找到对应的信息，再和选项作对比，得出正确答案。15~17.【答案】B、D、A【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段Eachstudentwasgoingtogrowapotofbeanplants.（每个学生都打算种植一盆豆苗。）可知，肖恩的科学项目是在花盆里种植豆苗。故选B。

（2）细节理解题。根据第五段Whentheplantisstartingout，youputsomeweightonit.（在植物刚生长的时候，要在它上面压一些重物）可知，沃斯先生建议肖恩在植物开始生长时给它施加一些重量，让它长得强壮。故选D。

（3）主旨大意题。根据第七段Ifyougiveiteverythingitwants，itwillgrowtoofastanditwillbeweak.Thenwhenthefirstbigwindblows，itwillfallover.（如果你一味顺着它、满足它所有需求，它就会长得过快，变得柔弱不堪。等到第一阵大风刮来，它就会倒伏折断。）可知，沃斯先生分享了"在幼苗上放重物使其更强壮"的方法，以此告诉我们要学会在压力下成长。故选A。

本文讲述了肖恩的科学课项目是在花盆里种植豆苗，祖父沃斯先生向他分享了让植物长得强壮的方法：在植物生长初期给它施加一定的重量，以此让它在压力中成长，变得更坚韧，借此传递了"在压力中成长"的人生道理。

答阅读题时，先弄清楚短文的主旨大意和文章的脉络，然后在文章中找到对应的信息，再和选项作对比，得出正确答案。18~21.【答案】D、C、B、C【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段"Withalist，youclearlyknowwhattobuyandwheretofindit.Ithelpsyouputthethingsyouwanttobuyinorder.Thisway，youdon'tneedtowastetimerememberingsomanythings.（有了清单，你清楚地知道要买什么、在哪里找到它。它能帮你把想买的东西按顺序整理好。这样，你就不需要浪费时间记住这么多东西了。）"可知，购物清单能帮助人们记住要买的东西并节省时间。故选D。

（2）细节理解题。根据第四段"Somediscountsmaynotbeasgoodastheyappear，becausesometimesshopkeepersraisethepricesfirst，andthengivediscounts.（有些折扣可能不像看起来那么划算，因为有时店主会先提高价格，然后再打折。）"可知，作者建议不要仅仅因为商品打折就购买，而要仔细判断折扣是否真的划算。故选C。

（3）细节理解题。根据第五段"Beforebuyinganything，askyourselfquestionslike，'DoIneedthis？'or'WillIreallywearthis？'（在购买任何东西之前，问问自己这样的问题：'我需要这个吗？"或者"我真的会穿这个吗？'）"可知，购买外套前应该问自己"我真的需要这件外套吗？"，以判断是否为必要购买。故选B。

（4）主旨大意题。通读全文，文章开篇提出购物可能使人超支的问题，随后分段介绍了制作购物清单、设定预算、理性对待折扣、自我提问、避免冲动消费等具体建议，最后总结这些建议能帮助省钱并享受购物过程。因此，本文的主要目的是提供明智购物和省钱的建议。故选C。

本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了购物时避免超支的实用建议，包括列购物清单、设定消费限额、仔细核对折扣标签、购物前自我审视等，帮助人们更明智地购物、节省开支。

在通读全文的基础上，根据全文大意，展开逻辑思维，瞻前顾后，认真辨析选项，仔细推敲，确定最佳答案。22~26.【答案】B、D、A、C、A【解析】略

1.

细节理解题。根据第三段"The

best

way

to

learn

vocabulary

and

remember

the

words

successfully

is

to

learn

new

words

and

use

them

at

once."（学习词汇并成功记住单词的最佳方法，就是学完新单词后立即运用它们。）可知，最好的方法是学完立即使用。故选B。

2.

细节理解题。根据第三段Every

time

you

learn

a

new

word，for

example，from

an

English

lesson

or

an

article，write

it

down

in

your

vocabulary

notebook.Writing

is

more

active

than

just

reading

a

definition

（释义）.You

should

write

the

word，the

definition

in

English

or

translation，one

example

sentence

from

the

article

or

dictionary

and

one

example

sentence

that

you

create.（每当你学到一个新单词——例如在英语课上或阅读文章时——请把它记在词汇本上。与仅仅阅读释义相比，书写是一种更积极的学习方式。你应该写下该单词、其英文释义或翻译、文章或词典中的一句例句，以及自己编写的一句例句。）

可知，先写下单词及定义，即②；再抄一个来自文章或词典的例句，即③；然后自己造一个例句，即①；根据第四段The

next

day，read

your

vocabulary

notebook

again

and

try

to

add

one

more

example

sentence

using

the

new

word.（第二天，请再次翻阅你的词汇笔记本，并尝试用新学到的单词再写一个例句。）可知第二天再读笔记本并加一个例句，即④。正确顺序为②③①④。故选D。

3.

细节理解题。根据第四段"It's

best

if

your

example

sentences

are

true

to

your

life，because

this

creates

a

personal

connection

with

the

new

word."（最好选择与你生活相关的例句，因为这样能让你与新单词建立起个人联系。）

可知与自己的生活相联系是最好的例句。故选A。

4.

词义猜测题。根据第四段The

next

day，read

your

vocabulary

notebook

again

and

try

to

add

one

more

example

sentence

using

the

new

word.It's

helpful

for

you

to

retain

it.These

two

simple

steps—writing

the

word

and

using

it

at

once—help

you

remember

and

use

new

words.（第二天，请再次翻阅你的词汇笔记本，并尝试用新学到的单词再造一个例句。这对巩固记忆很有帮助。这两个简单的步骤——写下单词并立即运用——能帮助你记住并运用新单词。）可知第二天再读笔记本并加例句，这对"retain"新词有帮助。结合前文讨论如何记住词汇，可知retain意为"记住"。故选C。

5.

标题归纳题。通读全文，可知本文围绕如何学习并记住新词汇展开，提出了做词汇笔记本、立即使用等方法，核心是"学习新单词的方法"。故选A。27.【答案】【小题1】Looking

after

everything

on

the

earth./Not

damaging

the

earth

in

any

way.【小题2】Becauseitischeapandeasytomake.【小题3】Hundredsofyears.【小题4】Inriversandoceans.【小题5】Yes，thereis.Icanreducetheuseofplastics/reusetheplasticproductsasmuchaspossible/recycleplastics.【解析】1.

细节理解题。根据第一段"This

means

not

damaging

the

earth

in

any

way

but

looking

after

everything

on

it."（这意味着不以任何方式破坏地球，而是照顾好地球上的一切。）可知，对地球负责意味照看地球上的一切。/不以任何方式破坏地球。故填Looking

after

everything

on

the

earth./Not

damaging

the

earth

in

any

way.

2.

细节理解题。根据第二段"Plasticischeapandeasytomake，sohumansbuyandusethingsthataremadeofitalot."（塑料便宜又容易制造，所以人类大量购买和使用由塑料制成的东西。）可知，人们购买和使用塑料是因为它既便宜又容易制作。故填Becauseitischeapandeasytomake.

3.

细节理解题。根据第二段"itneedshundredsofyearstodecomposewhenitisthrownaway."（扔掉需要几百年才能分解。）塑料分解需要几百年。故填Hundredsofyears.

4.

细节理解题。根据第二段"Lotsofplasticproductsendupinriversandoceans."（许多塑料制品最终流入了河流和海洋。）可知，大量的塑料产品最终在河流和海洋中。故填Inriversandoceans.

5.

观点表达题。是的，有。我可以减少塑料的使用/尽可能重复使用塑料制品/回收塑料。故填Yes，thereis.Icanreducetheuseofplastics/reusetheplasticproductsasmuchaspossible/recycleplastics.28.【答案】【小题1】by【小题2】amlistening【小题3】took【小题4】classes【小题5】because【小题6】well【小题7】willbe【小题8】tojoin【小题9】areheld【小题10】helps【小题11】scientist【小题12】first【小题13】the【小题14】harder【小题15】of【解析】1.

考查介词。句意：每天早上，我骑自行车去上学。by

b