大学英语四级模拟试卷805

大学英语四级模拟试卷805

一、作文(本题共7题，每题7.0分，共7分。)

1、Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteaboutOnlineEducation.You

shouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelowinChinese:1.网上学

刘已经走进人们的生活2.有人网一亡教育具有很多优点，但有人认为网上教育有

很多缺点3.你的看法

标准答案：WiththewideapplicationoftheInternet,onlineeducationhasattractedalot

attention.Somepeoplepredict(1)thatthisisgoingtobearevolutionforlearning

becausewiththisnewmcdel,learningcanbreakthroughthelimitoftimeandspace(2).

Butnoteveryonethinksso(3).Critics(4)ofonlineeducationinsistthatwithoutface-to-

facccommunicationwithfellowclassmatesandtheteacher,thosewhostudyonlinecan

hardlybestimulatedtoformrealdeepthinking,thustheeffectoflearningisfarfrom

satisfactory(5).Butinmyopinion,onlineeducationisablessinglorallofus.First,there

isavastpoolofinformationontheIniernei.Peoplecanchoosetherightconiemfor

themselvesbasedontheirneeds.So,inthissense,onlineeducationmeansanewchoice

forus.Second,fbrthoseprofessionalswhowouldliketoimprovetheirknowledgeand

skills,theelectronicclassroom(6)isthebestplacesinceitsavestimetotraveltothe

classroom,whichisneededbythetraditionalmode.Onthewhole,Ithinkonline

educationispromising(7)andwillbeagreathelpforthosewhoareeagerfor

knowledge.

知识点解析：本文要求首先陈述两种不同观点，然后陈述个人观点。写作中可先

确立基本写作框架。应试过程中不妨将自己熟悉的框架、句子搭好，再填入具体内

容。最后注意添加逻辑连词。在写作过程中注意表示不同意见可用较新鲜的表达方

法，以增加作文的亮点。1.此处用predict,是say的另一表达。2.breakthrough

thelimitoftimeandspace意为“打破时空限制3.此处“Butnoteveryonethinks

so.”起到承上启下的作用。4.crilics表示“批评者”。此处避免了“Butotherpeople

think…”这种表达。后者较常见，但不如使用critics地道。5.befarfrom表示远

非...。6.此处用electronicclassroom指网络环境下学习,避免重复使用online

educationo7.promising表示“有希望的，前景好的”。

二、快速阅读理解(本题共70题，每题7.0分，共7。

分。)

SharksSharksareamazingfishthathavebeenaroundsincelongbeforethedinosaurs

existed.Theyliveinwatersallovertheworld,ineveryocean,andeveninsomerivers

andlakes.SharksandBonyFishUnlikebonyfish,sharkshavenobones;theirskeletonis

madeofcanilage(软骨),whichisatough,fibroussubstance,notnearlyashardasbone.

Cartilage,astrongfibrous(纤维的)substance,issofterthanbone;ournoseandearsare

madeofcartilage.Sharksalsohavenoswimbladder(unlikebonyfish).SizeThereare

manydifferentspeciesofsharksthatrangeinsizefromthesizeofaperson'shandto

biggerthanabus.Thewhalesharkisthelargestfishintheworld;thebaskingsharkis

thesecondlargestfish.Fully-grownsharksrangeinsizefrom7incheslong(theSpincd

Pygmyshark),upto50feetlong.Mostsharksarcintcmicdiatcinsize,andarcaboutthe

samesizeaspeople,5-7feetlong.Halfofthesharkspeciesareunder39incheslong.

VarietyofSharksThereareabout368differentspeciesofsharks,whicharedividedinto

30families.Thesedifferentfamiliesofsharksareverydifferentinthewayoflook,live,

andeat.Theyhavedifferentshapes,sizes,colors,fins,teeth,habitat,diet,personality,

methodsofreproduction,andotherattributes.Sometypesofsharkareveryrareand

somearequitecommon.Thespinydogfishsharkisthemostcommonshark.Body

ShapesSharkshaveavarietyofbodyshapes.Mostsharkshavestreamlined(流线型的)，

Somesharkshaveanelongatedbodyshape(e.g.cookiecuttersharksandwobbegongs).

Sawsharkshaveelongatedsnouts,threshersharkshaveatremendouslyelongatedupper

tailfinwhichtheyusetostunprey,andhammerheadshaveextraordinarilywideheads.

Thegoblinsharkhasalarge,pointedprotuberance(突出)onitshead;itspurposeis

unknown.TeethTheteethofsharksarealsostriking.Sharksmayhaveupto3,000teeth

atonetime.Mostsharksdonotchewtheirfood,butswallowitdownwholeorinlarge

pieces.Theteetharearrangedinrows;whenonetoothisdamagedorlost,itisreplaced

byanother.Mostsharkshaveabout5rowsofteethatanytime.Thefrontsetisthe

largestanddoesmostofthework.DietSharksvarygreatlyintheirdiets,buttheyareall

carnivores(食肉动物).Someeatfish,othersharks,andmarinemammals;someeat

shellfishfromtheoceanfloor;andotherseattinybitsofplanklon(浮游动物)andsmall

animalsfromthewaterastheyswimwithopenmouths.Theyeathugeamountsofthese

tinyanimalsandplants.SharksAttacksWhensomesharks(liketheGreatWhiteorthe

GrayReefshark)turnaggressivepriortoanattack,theyarchtheirbackandthrowback

theirhead.Theyalsomovetheirtailmoreacutely(probablyinpreparationforachase).

Sharksdonotnormallyattackpeople,andonlyabout25speciesofsharksarcknownto

attackpeople.Sharksattackfewerthan100peopleeachyear.Manymorepeopleare

killedbybeesorlightning.Thesharksthatarethemostdangeroustopeoplearethegreat

whiteshark,thetigershark,thebullshark,andtheoceanicwhitelipshark.Thebullshark

isthemostfrequentattackerofpeopleasitswimsinveryshallowwaterswherepeople

swimandisaveryplentifulshark.Someoftheothersharksthatareknowntohave

attackedpeopleincludethegrayshark,blueshark,hammerheadshark,makoshark,nurse

shark,lemonshark,blacktipreefshark,wobbegongs,sandtiger,spittingsharks,andthe

porbeagle.Somepeoplebelievethatsharksmistakepeople(especiallypeopleswimming

onsurfboards)forsealsandsealions,someoftheirfavoritefoods.Occasionally,agroup

ofsharkswillattackafoodsource(forexample,aschooloffish)inamaniacalfashion.

Theywillwildlyattackthefoodandanythinginthearea,eveneachother,sometimes

woundingoreatingfellowsharks.HabitatSharksliveinoceansandseasalloverthe

world,andeveninsomeriversandlakes,especiallyinwarmerwaters.Somesharkslive

nearthesurface,somelivedeepinthewater,andothersliveonorneartheoceanfloor.

Pelagic(远洋的)sharks(livingintheopenocean)includethegreatwhiteshark,the

baskingshark,etc.Benthicsharks(livingattheoceanfloor)includethezebrahornshark,

thewobbegongs,andtheangelshark,whichusuallyhaveflattened,camouflaged(伪装的)

bodiesthatletthemhideintheseabed.Somesharksevenventuremanymilesupintothe

freshwaterofriversliketheMississippiintheUSAandtheAmazoninBrazil.Thebull

shark(Carcharhinusleucas)sometimesventuresintofreshwater.MigrationofSharks

Somesharksliveinrelativelywarmwaters(hammerheads,bullsharks,andtigersharks).

Othersharks,suchasthethresher,mako,baskingandblueshark,liveintemperatewater

(whichisneitherhotnorcold).Others,includingthedogfish,Greenland,andgoblin,live

incoolwaters.Somesharksstayinthesameregionintheirentireliveswhileothers

travelacrossoceans.Therearethreedifferenttypesofsharkswhenitcomesto

migratory(迁移的)patterns:Localsharks,coastalpelagicsharks,andhighlypelagic

sharks.Localsharksdonotmigrate,andrangeonlyaboutahundredmilesfromtheir

habitat,coastalpelagicsharkscanmigrateover1,000miles,whilehighlypelagicsharks

migrateacrossoceans.EvolutionofSharksSharkshaveexistedforover350million

years.Theyevolvedover100millionyearsbeforethedinosaursdid.Thiswaslong

beforepeopleevolved.Mostfossilevidenceofearlysharksisfromfossilizedteethanda

fewskinimpressions.Cladodonts,primitivesharks,haddouble-pointedteeth,wereupto

6feetlongandlivedabout360millionyearsago;theyatefishandcrustaceans(甲壳类).

Megalodonwasanancient,meat-eatingshark,livingbetween25-1.6millionyearsago;

itisextinct.Itwasover40feetlong,butthisisonlyanestimatefromfossilteeththat

havebeenfound.Itsteethresemblethoseofthegreatwhitesharkbutarcalmost3times

larger;theseteethareeachthesizeofaperson'shand!

2、Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?

A、Thepassagetellsusthehabitatandmigrationofsharks.

B、Thepassagetellsuswhysharksaredangeroustopeople.

C、Thepassageintroducestheevolutionalprocessofsharks.

D^Thepassageintroducesthebasicinformationaboutsharks.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：题目问的是文章的大意，通过快速浏览文章的小标题，不难发现，文

章介绍鲨鱼的大小、种类、外形、牙齿等基本信息。

3、Differentfrommostfishes,sharks,bodyisupheldby

A^bones

cartilage

C、fiber

D^skeleton

标准答案：B

知识点解析：显然和其池鱼不同的是，鲨鱼没有骨头(bones),其骨架是由软骨

(cartilage)构成的。

4、WhichofthefollowingdescriptionaboutthesizeofsharksisTRUE?

A、Mostsharksareaboutthesamesizeashumanbeings.

B、Sharksarethelargestfish;mostofthemarebiggerthanbuses.

C、Mostsharksaremuchlongerthanhumanbeings.

D、Sharksarebiganimals;mostofthemareabout50feetlong.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：大部分鲨趣尺寸中等，5-7英尺长，和人的身高差不多。

5、Whichofthefollowingsharksisthemostcommonsharks?

A、Thewhaleshark.

B、Thespinydogfishshark.

C>Thebaskingshark.

D、Thegreatwhiteshark.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：显然选项B与之完全相符。

6、Sharkseattheirfoodby?

A、sucking

B、swallowing

C、grinding

D^chewing

标准答案：B

知识点解析：题目要选的是鲨鱼吃东西的方式，B项swallowing正确。

7、Whensharksquicklymovetheirtail,theyprobablybecome.

A^offensive

B>indifferent

C、interested

D、friendly

标准答案：A

知识点解析：鲨鱼在准备袭击时会摇尾巴，可能是为了准备追击。可见鲨鱼摇尾巴

可能是要发起攻击，故A项正确。

8、Whymaythebullsharksattackpeoplefrequently?

A^Becausehumanbeingistheirfavoritefood.

B、Becausetheymaywildlyattackanythinginthearea.

C、Becausetheyswimsinshallowwaterswherepeopleswim.

D、Becausetheyareveryaggressivesharks.

标准答案：C'

知识点解析：题目问为叶么bullshark频繁袭击人类，as后面的原因状语从句就是

答案。

9、Thesharksthatmoveaboutinafixedareaaboutahundredmilesarccalled.

标准答案：localsharks

知识点解析：该句提到这种在1,000英里内的固定区域游动的鲨鱼称为local

sharkso

10、Theearliestdinosaurslivedinthetimethatwasaboutyearsfromtoday

accordingtothepassage.

标准答案：250million

知识点解析：鲨鱼的存在已经有3.5亿年了，比恐龙还早1亿年，可见恐龙应该生

活在2.5亿年前。

11、Cladodontsandprimitivesharks,whichhaddouble-pointedteethmainlyfeedon

标准答案：fishandcrustaceans

知识点解析：题干中的fedon是ate的同义替换。

三、听力短对话（本题共7题，每题1.0分，共，分。）

12、

A^Theyarediscussingabouttheclass.

B、Theyaretalkingathome.

C^Theyareshopping.

D、Theyarewalkinginthestreet.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：男士抱怨逛街太累，女士回答中有shoptillIdrop（逛到腿断），而且提

到许多商品在打折。由此推断二人可能在购物，故C）项正确。

四、听力长对话（含3小题）（本题共I题，每题1.0

分，共I分。）

13、

A、Becauseitdidnotshootfar.

B、Becauseitdidnotbendeasily.

C>Becauseitwastooheavy.

D、Becauseitsstringwasshort.

标准答案：A-

知识点解析：暂无解析

五、听力长对话（含4小题）（本题共4题，每题1.0

分,共4分。）

14、

A、Adesiretoexpressoneselfanddisplayone'swealth.

Individualtasteandloveforbeauty.

C、Loveforbeautyandadesiretoimpressotherpeople.

D^Individualtasteandadesiretoexpressoneself.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：信息明示题。女士说，现在人们开始相信一种着装心理学，即支配人

们穿什么衣服的不仅有个人品味，还有人们想通过衣服表达一些想法，这些想法可

能自己都未曾意识到。故选D。

15、

A、Theymaybehomesickandfeelinsecure.

B、Ihcyarceithercoldorverysick.

C、Theymaytrytoattractotherpeople'sattention.

D^Theywanttoprotectthemselvesfromphysicalinjuries.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：信息明示题。由女士所说的probablyfeelinghomesick和ageneral

feelingofinsecurity可知，A正确。

16、

A、Green.

B、Yellow.

C、Red.

D、Grey.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：综合推断题。女士认为善交际的人偏爱明亮、炫目的颜色，由此推

断.害羞的人则偏爱灰暗的颜色，故选D。

17、

A、Reporterandfashiondesigner.

B>Husbandandwife.

C^Shopassistantandcustomer.

D^Teacherandstudent.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：综合推断题。结合听力材料可知，女士很精通服装，男士则不断用引

导话语向女士提问，由此推断，男士可能是记者而女士可能是服装设计师，故选

Ao

六、听力短文（含3小题）（本题共6题，每题7.0

分，共6分。）

18、

A、ChinalaidthefoundationofitsfirstWomenandChildrenMuseumlastSunday.

B>Theprojectisexpectedtoopenin2007.

C、Theprojectisexpectedtobecompletedin2008.

D^Themuseumcovers40,000squaremetersonChang'anAvenue.

标准答案：D」

知识点解析：暂无解析

19、

A、Topromotegenderequalityandchildhooddevelopment.

B、TofillagapinChina'smuseumconstructionhistory.

C、Topromotethegrowthofeconomy.

D、loboostthedevelopmentofBeijing'sChang'anAvenue.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：暂无解析

20、

A、Showingchildren'slivingconditions,socialstatus,culturalcustoms.

B、Providingaspaceforchildren'scommunication.

C、Showingdocuments,videos,pictures,costumes,toysorhandicraftsconcerning

Chinesechildren.

DxReinginteractiveandprovideaspacefbrchildren'sstudyandcreation.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：暂无解析

21、

A、Peoplearenotascapableastheythink.

B>Peoplecanbemorecapablethantheythink.

C^Lackofknowledgeleadstofailure.

D、Lackofabilityresultsinlackofdetermination.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：短文最后提到Thisexperiencemadehimrealizethatmanypeoplehave

moreabilitythantheythinktheyhave,与选项B内容一致。

22、

A、TheywanttobenefitfromgeneralEnglishskill.

B、Theydon'twanttochangetheirprofessionallife.

C、Theywanttohaveanup-to-dateknowledgeofEnglish.

D、Theyknowclearlywhattheywanttolearn.

标准答案：D

知识点解析:细节题。短文第二段第句话提到Mostsludciilswhofiliululliislliiid

grouphaveaclearideaofwhattheywanttolearno

23、

A、Professionals.

B>Collegestudents.

C^Beginners.

D^Intermediatelearners.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：综合理解题。从各行业都开设专门用途英语课程可知professionals为

正确答案。

七、听力短文（含4小题）（本题共3题，每题7.0

分，共3分。）

24、

A、Shewasgreetedwarmlybythelargeaudience.

B、Shemetalotofoldfriends.

C、Shefeltexcitedtofindshekneweveryonethere.

D、Shefeltquitesadthat,shewasastrangerthere.

标准答案：D:

知识点解析：理判断题。作者去看望老友，正赶上老友在组织一次讲演活动，便欣

然答应去观看，但发现没自认识的人，所以自点失望，后又因演讲的人因故未按时

出席而代替演讲者发言，所以问题中演讲者是指作者，而她一进入阅览室的感觉是

失望的。

25、

A^Thetalkwassupposedtobeginatothertime.

B、Hissecretarywouldn'tcomefbrhelp.

C、Theguestspeakerwouldn'tbeabletogivethetalk.

D、Heforgottobringhisopeningaddresspaper.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：事实细节题。Tom在演讲即将开始的时候着急的原因在第二段已经

明确交代：因为接到被邀请的演讲者秘书的电话，说演讲者因误了火车而不能参加

演讲，所以Tom很着急。

26、

A、Thespeakerwasanexpertonmodernliterature.

B>Thespeakerhadtogiveaspeechwithoutpreparation.

C、Tomhadtogiveaspeechinsteadoftheguestspeaker.

D、Tomwasavery,Carelessperson.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：推理判断题。Tom在情急之下决定耍说话者卜台演讲，所以说话者

由本来的听演讲变成了做演讲，可见她是一点儿准备都没有，选B。

八、听力复合式听写（本题共10题，每题7.0分，共

10分。）

ORPHANSwhoseparentsdiedofAIDSinHenanProvincehavebeengivennewhope.

Lastweekthe[Bl]governmentansweredthechildren'scriesby[B2]

60millionYuantoimproveschools,orphanages（孤儿院）andlivingconditions.

Butwithoutthe【B3】ofDrGaoYaojie,thesecriesmayneverhavebeenheard.

"I'madoctorandit'smydutyto[B4]diseasesandsavelives,"saidthe77-ycar-

oldgrandmother.Gaowasnamedoneofthe2003PeopleofYearonFebruary20by

CCTVaftermillionsofpeopletookpartinanonlinepoll.Butin1996,whenshestarted

topromoteAIDS[B5],usingmoneyfromherownpocket,heractionswere

widely[B6]."AlthoughsomeofthechildrenwerebornwithHIV,90percent

ofthemwerenot[B7]JGaosaid."Butpeoplestill[B8]them.Many

orphanschangetheirnamesafterfindingafosterfamily（领养家庭）Thehorrorof

Henan'sAIDSproblembecameknownin1996.[B9].Asadoctor,Gao

believedsheshouldhelpthosepeople.OverthelasteightyearsshehasvisitedoverLOGO

AIDSandHIVpatientsandpublishedthousandsofpamphletsonAIDSawareness.With

herhelp,hundredsoforphanshavereturnedtoschoolorfoundfosterfamilies.1B10]

sheexplained.Gaoisdelightedthatsomanychildlessfamiliesoffertofoster

orphans.Butthereisstillmuchthatcanbedonetosupportthesechildren."[Bill

shesaid.

27、[Bl]

标准答案：provincial

知识点解析：暂无解析

28、[B2]

标准答案：promising

知识点解析：暂无解析

29、[B3]

标准答案：efforts

知识点解析：暂无解析

30、[B4]

标准答案：cure

知识点解析：暂无解析

31、[B5]

标准答案：misunderstood.

知识点解析：暂无解析

32、[B6]

标准答案：infected

知识点解析：暂无解析

33、[B7]

标准答案：reject

知识点解析：暂无解析

34、[B8]

标准答案：Frequentandunsafeblood-sellingbypoorfarmersinthelate1980sand

early1990shadcausedHIVtospreadthroughdirtyneedlesandinfectedblooduse

知识点解析：暂无解析

35、[B9]

标准答案：It'sadisasterfbrthewholenation,notonlyforthoseinnocentpatientsand

theirfamilies,n

知识点解析：暂无解析

36、[BIO]

标准答案："Ihopethatwarm-heartedhighschoolstudentswillalsoreachoutandoffer

ahelpinghand,"

知识点解析：暂无解析

37、[Bll]

标准答案：

知识点解析：暂无解析

九、阅读（选词填空）（本题共70题，每题7.0分，共

10分。）

TheSwedesareamongthemostcharmingpeoplesinEurope.Andtheircharmcomes

fromanapparent[SI]inthenationalcharacter.Theyareextremely[S2]

insocialrelationships:withinthefamilyandwhenmeetingfriendsandbusiness

acquaintances,theirconductisgovernedbystrictsocialpatterns.Althesametime,they

areoneofthemostintellectually[S3]peopleintheworld.Theyarealways

opentonewideas.AllsocialoccasionsinSwedenare[S4]byrulesand

traditions.Andthesetraditionsareexpressedina[S5]routinemadeupof

formalbows,handshakes,andgreetings.WhenavisitorentersaSwedishhome,heis

alwaysreceivedwitha"Welcome";whenheleaves,hishostwilltellhim"Youwillbe

welcomeagain."These[S6]phrasesareanindispensablepartofSwedish

sociallifeandtheygiveitanold-worldflavorofgoodmanners.TheSwedesarcan

efficientandmostcapablepeople.Punctualityismore[hana[S7]tothem-it

isaruleoflifeoriginatingfromthemostattractivecharmingcharacteristicsofthis

northernpeople.Thisistheirrespectfortheirfriendsandacquaintancesand[S8]

forthevisitorstotheircountry.Atwhatevercosttothemselves,theytakecare

nottogiveanotherpersontheslightestdegreeof[S9].This[S10]

forhumanrightsrunsthroughthewholeSwedishsocialsystem.Courtesy（有礼貌的举止

或言词）hadbeendevelopedintoasocialinstinctinSv/eden.Itispartofthespiritofthe

lifebasedonanationalculturewhichiswhollyScandinavian（北欧的）.WordBank:A.

regulatedI.definedB.generalJ.progressiveC.discomfortK.temptingD.especiallyL.

contradictionE.conflictM.charmingF.specificN.unusuallyG.respectO.virtueH.

conservative

38、[SI]

标准答案：L

知识点解析：空中应填入名词用于描述瑞典民族在性格方面的特征。空前的内容对

答案没有提示作用，所以应综合空后的信息查找线索。文章后来提到在社会关系

（socialrelationships）方面和在接纳新思想（newideas）方面，瑞典人很开放（open）。At

thesametime使前后句构成并列关系，前后形成明显的反义对照，所以此空应填L.

contradictiono本题的强干扰项E.conflict强调的是几个事物间的冲突、抵触，而不

是同一事物内部的自相矛盾.此处讲的是瑞典人性格内部的矛盾，所以不选E.。

39、[S2]

标准答案：H_

知识点解析：冒号后的withinthefamilyandwhenmeetingfriendsandbusiness

acquaintances,theirconductisgovernedbystrictsocialpatterns对前句起解释说明作

用。socialpatterns通常指由于长期的社会习惯和风俗所形成的固定模式，因循这种

模式的行为应该是保守的行为，所以本空应选H.conservativeo

40、[S3]

标准答案：J

知识点解析：木句的后一句提到Theyarealwaysopentonewideas,（他们总是乐于

接受新观点），这说明瑞典人在智力方面一点都不保守，所以这里需要填入一个表

示积极含义的形容词。选项中只有J.progressive符合要求。

41、[S4]

标准答案：A

知识点解析：空格处需要填入动词的过去分词构成被动语态。A、I两项在结构上

符合要求。从语义上考虑，regulated可与rulesandtraditions及occasions同时形成

语义场共现，即经常出现在同一个语境中。另外，上一段中的governed也可以对

本空的答案起提示作用。所以选Aregulated。干扰项I.defined意为“给…下定

义，，，与本句语义不符。

42、[S5]

标准答案：F

知识点解析：空格处需要填入形容词修饰routine。routine的后置定语（madeup

of...）对本空所填词有很大提示作用：formalbows（鞠躬），handshakes（握手），

greelings（问候）表示的都是“具体的''行为习惯。因此这里应该填F.specifico

B.general和1.defined为干扰项。general具有概括的含义，与前面的分析恰好相

反，因而排除。defined作形容词时表示“下定义的；固定的"，与语义不符。

43、[S6]

标准答案：M

知识点解析：空前的指示代词these表明此处应是对前文Whenavisitorentereda

Swedishhome,heisalwaysreceivedwitha"Welcome";whenheleaves,hishostwill

tellhim"Youwillbewelcomeagain."的归纳总结。这些礼貌用语能够让人感到很温

馨，与此语境相符合的形容词应是M.charming。K.iempiing为干扰项，意为“诱惑

人的”，但填在本空中语气过重。

44、[S7]

标准答案：O

知识点解析：本句的句意为“守时（punctuality）对他们来说不仅仅是,而是一

种生活的准则（aruleoflife）“。由morethan推断，空中所填词应该比rule的语义轻

一些,因此应该选O.virtue,指“品德,德行G.respect起干扰作用，但

punctuality应是对别人的尊重，而不是对自己的尊.重，因此不选G.。

45、[S8]

标准答案：D

知识点解析：分析句子结构，本空应填入副词形式。选项中只有D、N两项在词性

上符合要求。从语义角度考虑，此处填入unusually的话会造成前后矛盾，而

especially含有强调意味，可以使此处语义通顺，因此选D。

46、[S9]

标准答案：C

知识点露析：本句意思为“不论要付出怎样的代价，瑞典人都尽力注意不给别人哪

怕是一点点的空中所填名词应是一个带有贬义意味的词。因此选

C.discomfort,指“不舒适，不方便”。E.也具有干扰意义，但与语义不符。

47、[S10]

标准答案：G

知识点解析：空前的指示代词this提示应该在上段中寻找答案线索。Thisistheir

respectfortheirfriendsandacquaintancesandforthevisitorstotheircountry一

句恰与本句语义形成应：对friends,acquaintances和visitorstotheircountry的尊重

就是对humanrights的尊重，所以此处应选G.respect与前段中的respecl相呼应。

十、阅读（常规阅读理解）（本题共70题，每题1.0

分，共70分。）

Evaluatingemployeeperformanceisakeyareaofmanagementskills.Thechallengeisto

givetheemployeesanaccuratepictureoftheiraccomplishments,andoftheareasin

whichtheyneedtoimprove.Bothareimportant:accomplishmentsbecausetheygivethe

employeeasenseofprideintheworkandabasisonwhichtobuildfutureachievements,

andareasforimprovement,becausetheygivetheemployeesomegoaltoreachfor.

Often,employeesfearthattheevaluationwillbeanegativeexperience.Thisfearalone

canresultindefensivenessandtension.Themanagermusttakepainstolessenthe

employeesfearandmaketheevaluationaparticipalory（参与的）event.Anemployeewho

contributesideastohisorherevaluationwillbemuchmorelikelytoagreewiththe

outcomeandbewillingtofollowthesuggestions.Theemployeeevaluationsystemisto

improveemployeeperformance.Whileareasneedingimprovementmustbereviewed,

thisshouldalwaysbedoneinthespiritofdiscoveringgoalstheemployeecanwork

toward.Thisholdstrueforreviewingsuccessesaswell.Whilepraisefbrpast

achievementsmaybeusedasareward,atthetimeoftheevaluation,theprimaryreason

tolookatthepersonssuccessistodetermineareasinwhichheorshecancontinueto

excel（擅长）.Perhapsthemosteffectivewaytomaketheevaluationaparticipatoryevent

istoasktheemployeetocomepreparedtothemeeting.Theemployerandemployee

eachshouldcarefullyreviewthejobdescriptionpriortotheevaluationmeetingand

shouldmakenotesonareasinwhichtheemployeehaddifficultyorhasmadea

contribution.Itisimportantthatthesenotesbespecific;"Docsagoodjob"isnotnearly

asmeaningfulas'Increasedproductivily（生产率）by35%".Bothpartiesshouldalso

drawupashortlistofgoalsfortheemployeetoachieveduringthenextevaluation

period.Ideally,thesegoalsshouldbuildupontheknownstrengthsandsuccessesofthe

employee.However,areasneedingimprovementmustalsobeaddressed.

48、Accordingtothepassage,employeesbeingevaluated.

A、areoftenthosewhohavenewlyobtainedthejob

B、oftenfeelfearfulandanxious

C、oftenhavethefeelingofbeinglookeddownupon

D^areoftenproudandconfident

标准答案：B

知识点解析：事实细节题°从文章第二段开头Often,employeesfear...anegative

experience,Thisfearalonecanresultindefensivenessandtension.可知员工对公司的

评估经常感到害怕和紧张。fear对应fearful,tension对应anxious。A项原文耒提

及，并且根据常理应该是所有的员工都要被评估。C项与原文不符，雇员只是感到

担心紧张。而没感到被歧视。D项与原文内容相反，

49>Onewaytomaketheemployeebeingevaluatedrelaxisto.

A、asktheemployeetocontributeideas

B、servebiscuitsandcoffeeatthemeeting

C>makethemoodofthemeetingcomfortable

D、focusonlyontheemployeesaccomplishments

标准答案：A

知识点解析：推理判断题。文章第二段讲到了员工对评估的恐惧和紧张心理.，紧接

着就提到了消除这种心理的方法:Themanager...maketheevaluationaparticipatory

evenlo使员工参与到评估中来就是要员Tcontributesideastohisorherevaluation因

为这样他们会更加同意评估的结果，并且也愿意采纳公司的意见(willbemuchmore

likelytoagreewiththeoutcomeandbewillingtofollowthesuggestions)o文章第一段

就提到对员工的评估包不两个方面，这两个方面的重要性不分彼此，因此D错。

50、Themainpurposeoftheemployeeappraisalsystemisto.

gettheemployeetoagreewiththegoalsset

B、createarelaxingandencouragingclimate

C^helptheemployeestodoanevenbetterjob

D、dismisstheemployeewhoisn'tworkinghard

标准答案：C

知识点解析：事实细节题。文章第三段第一句话就说Theemployeeappraisalsystem

istoimproveemployeeperformanceo这一句也是本段的主题句，接下来本段论述了

回顾员工取得的成绩和需要改进的地方都是为了使工作做得更好。在本段最后，作

者乂说theprimaryreasontolookatthepersonssuccessistodetermineareasinwhich

heorshecancontinuetoexcel,可见答案选Co

51、Thegoalsforthefutureworkshould.

A、beinanewareaneedingimprovement

B、requiregreatstrengthsoftheemployee

C、bewithinthelistofthecompanygoals

D、bebasedontheemployee'spastachievement

标准答案：D

知识点解析：事实细节题：文章最后一段说Ideally,thesegoalsshouldbuilduponthe

knownstrengthsandsuccessesoftheemployeeo选项D是对这句话的同义转述，

builtupon对应bebasedupon,past对应known,achievement对应strengthsand

successeso

52>Whatisthemaintopicofthepassage?

A、Managementskills.

B、Performanceevaluation.

C>Howtomaketheemployeesmoreproductive.

D、Howtofindincompetentemployees.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：主旨大意题。本文论述了绩效评估的内容、方法和目的，由此可以判

断文章的主题是绩效评估。一般来说，英语文章的主题都会在文章中的主题句体现

出来，本文的主题句是文章的第一句。并且各段的主题句也经常出现在段首，因此

在没有足够时间思考的时候考生也可以通过阅读段首句迅速判断文章的主题。

Theworldhasspentonpreparationsforwarmorethan$112billionayear,roughly$450

perheadforeveryman,woman,andchildintheworld.Letusconsiderforamoment

whatcouldbedonewiththissumofmoneyifitwerespentonpeaceandnotonwar.

Someofit,atanyrate,inthemoreprosperouscountries,couldbespentonthereduction

oftaxation.Therestshouldbespentinwaysthatwill,atthesametime,beofbenefitto

mankindandasolutiontotheeconomicproblemofconversionfromwarindustrytothe

expansionofpeaceindustries.Astothisexpansion,letasbeginwiththemostelementary

ofallneeds,namely,food.Atpresent,themajorityofmankindsuffersfrom

undernourishment,and,inviewofthepopulationexplosion,thissituationislikelyto

growworseincomingdecades.NotonlycouldtheAmericansurplusofgrain,whichwas

formanyyearsuselesslydestroyedbespentinreliefoffamine,but,byirrigation,large

regionsnowdesertcouldbemadefertile,and,byimprovementintransport,distribution

from:regionsofexcesstoregionsofscarcitycouldbemadewithease.Housing,evenin

therichestcountries,isoftendisastrouslyinadequate.Thiscouldberemediedbyatiny

fractionolwhatisbeingspentonmissiles.Educationeverywhere,butespeciallyinthe

newlyliberatedcountriesofAfricaandAsia,demandsanexpendituremanytimesas

greatasthatWhichitreceivesatpresent.Butit