福建省福州市八县(市)协作校2025-2026学年高三上学期期中联考英语试卷（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1福建省福州市八县(市)协作校2025-2026学年高三上学期期中联考试卷第一部分听力(略)第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。A4PoetryCollectionstoReadandEnjoyInhonorofNationalPoetryMonth,celebratedeveryApril,we’resharingaroundupofpoetrycollectionsthathavebeenpublishedwithinthelastyear.BlackGirlYouAreAtlasByReneeWatson,illustratedbyEkuaHolmesReneeWatson,thebest-sellingauthorofWaystoMakeSunshine,drawsfromherchildhoodforsomeofthesepoems,whichincludehaikuandfreeverse.Thesubjectsrangefromracialinjusticetoself-love.Theartworkisspectacular.Ages12andupInandOuttheWindowByJaneVolen,illustratedbyCathrinPeterslundInadditiontobeingtheauthorofmorethan350novels,JaneYolenisanesteemedpoet.Thisnewcollectionincludesmorethan100ofherworksonpopularchildhoodtopicsincludingschool,animals,andsports.Onetitle:“OnMyToes:ATrueStory.”Ages8-12PoetryComicsByGrantSniderillustratedbyLeoDawsonThedozensofshortpoemsinthiscollectionarewrittenandillustratedincomicpanels.Thebookcontainsfourchapters—oneforeachseasonoftheyear.Titlesforthespringpoemsinclude“Bubbles,”“BalloonStory,”and“Tadpole.”Thesubjectsforthepoemsfeelfreshandfun.Ages8-12She’llBetheSkyByElaRisbridger,illustratedbyAnnaShepetaDozensoffemalepoets,includingAmandaGorman,contributedtothiscollection.Topicsrangefromanimalstoactivism.Mostpoemsareaccompaniedbyafullcolorillustration.Ages8andup1.Whichbookistailoredforreaderswhoareover12yearsold?A.PoetryComics. B.She’llBetheSky.C.InandOuttheWindow. D.BlackGirlYouAreAtlas.2.WhatisPoetryComicsabout?A.Animalsandactivism. B.Fourseasonsoftheyear.C.Popularchildhoodtopics. D.Racialinjusticeandself-love.3.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.Tofascinatepoetry-goers. B.Toadvertise4poetrycollections.C.TocelebrateNationalPoetryMonth. D.Tocommenton4poetrycollections.【答案】1.D2.B3.C【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文，介绍了四本诗集。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据题干关键词“over12yearsold”超过十二岁定位到原文第一本诗集BlackGirlYouAreAtlas中的“Ages12andup（12岁及以上）”可知，over对应up，BlackGirlYouAreAtlas是为12岁以上的读者量身定制的。故选D项。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据题干关键词PoetryComics定位到原文第三本诗集中的“Thebookcontainsfourchapters—oneforeachseasonoftheyear.（这本书有四章，每一章是关于一年中的一个季节）”可知，PoetryComics是关于一年四季的。故选B项。【3题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“InhonorofNationalPoetryMonth,celebratedeveryApril,we’resharingaroundupofpoetrycollectionsthathavebeenpublishedwithinthelastyear.（为了庆祝每年四月的国家诗歌月，我们将分享过去一年出版的诗歌集。）”可知，文章的目的是庆祝每年四月的国家诗歌月。A项为吸引诗歌迷。干扰项B为4本诗集做广告，而原文未提关于购买的花费和方式，不属于广告。干扰项D为了评论4本诗集，不是写作的目的。故选C项。BHaroldSimmonsneverintendedtobecomeaneighborhoodlegend(传奇).At73,hewasjustaretiredworkerwithtoomuchtimeandanemptybackyard.Whatstartedasasimplegardenrailroadprojectquicklybecamesomethingextraordinary.Itbeganwithasinglecirculartrackandanoldsteamenginehe’drescuedfromasale.Eachday,hewouldaddtinydetails—atinygeneralstore,alittlechurchandsomehandcraftedtrees.Theneighborhoodchildrenwouldsometimeslookoverthefence,theireyeswidewithwonder.Oneparticularlycurious10-year-oldnamedMayastartedvisitingregularlyafterschool.HerworkingparentsappreciatedthatHarolddidn’tmindherwatchinghimwork.He’dexplaineachtinydetail.Wordspread.NeighborswhohadpreviouslyjustwavedpolitelystoppedtoadmireHarold’sgrowinglandscape.Childrenbroughttheirparents.Retiredworkerssharedstoriesabouttherealtrainsandtownsthemodelsrepresented.WhenthelocalelementaryschoolheardaboutHarold’sproject,theyaskedifhe’dbewillingtohostafieldtrip.Haroldwassurprised.Suddenly,classroomsofchildrenwerelearninghistory,engineering,andcreativitythroughhistinyrailroad.MayaconvincedheruncletocreateawebsiteshowingHarold’srailroad.Itwentpopularlocallyandthenregionally.Peoplestartedsendinghimminiature(微型的)pieceslikeatinywatertowerfromWisconsin.Soontherailroadbecamealivinghistorymuseum,aclassroom,andagatheringplace.Onweekends,Haroldwouldletchildrencontrolthetrains,theirsmallhandscarefullymanagingthecontrollersandtheirfaceslitwithpurejoy.Someparentsnoticedtheirkidswerelearningpatience,precision,andstorytellingthroughthissimplehobby.BythetimeHaroldturned80,hisbackyardhadbecomeacommunitylandmark.Localschoolsincludedvisitsintotheircurriculum(课程).retirementhomesorganizedgrouptrips.Artistsandhistoriansturnedtohim.Thetinytracksbecamesomethingmagical,showinghowpassion,creativity,andopennesscouldbuildconnectionsfarbiggerthananyonecouldimagine.4.WhydidHaroldstartbuildingthegardenrailroad?A.Tokillhissparetime. B.Tohostfieldtrips.C.Totrainlocalchildren. D.Tobecomefamous.5.Whatwastheneighbors’attitudetowardHarold’sproject?A.Critical. B.Negative. C.Appreciative. D.Uncertain.6.WhydidHarold’sprojectattractthelocalelementaryschool?A.Itincludedanewsteamengine. B.Ithadaneducativevalue.C.Itwaspraisedonawebsite. D.Itwasagardenprogramme.7.Whatlessoncanwelearnfromthestory?A.Oneisnevertoooldtolearn.B.Manyhandsmakelightwork.C.Educationknowsnoboundaries.D.Smallthingsmakeabigdifference.【答案】4.A5.C6.B7.D【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了73岁的退休工人HaroldSimmons在自家后院建造了一个花园铁路模型，起初只是为了消磨时间，但这个项目逐渐吸引了邻居、孩子和学校的注意，最终成为社区的地标。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段中“At73,hewasjustaretiredworkerwithtoomuchtimeandanemptybackyard.(73岁时，他只是一个退休工人，有太多的时间和空荡荡的后院)”可知，Harold开始建造花园铁路是为了消磨空闲时间。故选A项。【5题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第三段中“Wordspread.NeighborswhohadpreviouslyjustwavedpolitelystoppedtoadmireHarold’sgrowinglandscape.Childrenbroughttheirparents.Retiredworkerssharedstoriesabouttherealtrainsandtownsthemodelsrepresented.(消息传开了。以前只是礼貌挥手的邻居们停下来欣赏哈罗德不断扩大的景观。孩子们带着父母一起来。退休工人们分享了模型所代表的真实火车和城镇的故事)”可知，邻居们对Harold的项目是欣赏和喜爱的。故选C项。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第四段“WhenthelocalelementaryschoolheardaboutHarold’sproject,theyaskedifhe’dbewillingtohostafieldtrip.Haroldwassurprised.Suddenly,classroomsofchildrenwerelearninghistory,engineering,andcreativitythroughhistinyrailroad.(当地小学听说了哈罗德的项目后，问他是否愿意接待一次实地考察。哈罗德很惊讶。突然间，教室里的孩子们通过他的微型铁路学习历史、工程和创造力)”可知，哈罗德的项目能够让孩子们学习历史、工程和创造力，可推理出哈罗德的项目具有教育价值。故选B项。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段中“At73,hewasjustaretiredworkerwithtoomuchtimeandanemptybackyard.(73岁时，他只是一个退休工人，有太多的时间和空荡荡的后院)”、第三段中“Wordspread.NeighborswhohadpreviouslyjustwavedpolitelystoppedtoadmireHarold’sgrowinglandscape.Childrenbroughttheirparents.Retiredworkerssharedstoriesabouttherealtrainsandtownsthemodelsrepresented.(消息传开了。以前只是礼貌挥手的邻居们停下来欣赏哈罗德不断扩大的景观。孩子们带着父母一起来。退休工人们分享了模型所代表的真实火车和城镇的故事)”、第四段“WhenthelocalelementaryschoolheardaboutHarold’sproject,theyaskedifhe’dbewillingtohostafieldtrip.Haroldwassurprised.Suddenly,classroomsofchildrenwerelearninghistory,engineering,andcreativitythroughhistinyrailroad.(当地小学听说了哈罗德的项目后，问他是否愿意接待一次实地考察。哈罗德很惊讶。突然间，教室里的孩子们通过他的微型铁路学习历史、工程和创造力)”以及最后一段“BythetimeHaroldturned80,hisbackyardhadbecomeacommunitylandmark.Localschoolsincludedvisitsintotheircurriculum(课程).retirementhomesorganizedgrouptrips.Artistsandhistoriansturnedtohim.Thetinytracksbecamesomethingmagical,showinghowpassion,creativity,andopennesscouldbuildconnectionsfarbiggerthananyonecouldimagine.(当哈罗德年满80岁时，他的后院已然成为一个社区地标。当地学校将其纳入教学课程安排参观；养老院组织集体前往游览；艺术家和历史学家也纷纷慕名而来。这些小小的轨道变得充满魔力，昭示着热情、创造力与开放的心态所能构筑起的联结，其影响力之深远远超过任何人最初的想象)”可知，文章讲述了一个退休老人最初只是为了消磨时间而建造的微型铁路模型，最终发展成为一个社区地标，吸引了孩子、学校、退休老人等，产生了巨大的社会影响。由此推知，我们可以从这个故事学到“微小的事物也能产生巨大的影响”。故选D项。CGettingintoarguments,whetherwithfamilyorstrangersonline,canfeellikedebatingwithawall.Weareprobablyallguiltyofthinkingwe’reright,evenifwedon’thaveallthefacts.Thisphenomenoncalledthe“illusionofinformationadequacy”isdetailedinarecentpsychologystudy.“Interpersonalconflictisontherise,drivingincreasesinanger,anxietyandstress,”saidAngusFletcher,aneurophysiologistattheOhioStateUniversity.“Wewantedtolookintothosemisunderstandingsandseeiftheycouldbereduced.”Fletcher’steamsurveyed1,261Americansonline.Participantsweredividedintogroupsandgivenarticlesaboutafictionalfactory.Onegroupreadonlyreasonsforthefactorytomerge(合并)withanotherfactory,anotheronlyreasonsforstayingseparate,andaControlgroupreadallthearguments.Theyfoundthatthemajorityofthegroupswhoonlyreadthepro-oranti-mergingargumentsbelievedtheyhadenoughinformationtomakeagooddecision,andwouldfollowthearticle’srecommendation,whileabout55and45percentofthecontrolgrouprecommendedthefactoriesmergeorseparate.Theparticipantswiththeone-sidedinformationalsoassumedthatotherswouldmakethesamedecisiontheydid.Theteamcallsthisbelieftheillusionofinformationadequacy,asFletcherdescribesit,“Thelessourbrainknows,themoreconfidentitisthatitknowsallitneeds.”Thesefindingsaddtoresearchonnaiverealism,thebeliefthatone’ssubjectiveunderstandingisobjectivetruth.Whilenaiverealismstudiesfocusondifferentunderstandingsofthesamesituation,Fletcher’sresearchshowspeoplemaysharethesameunderstanding,ifgivensufficientinformation.Whentheparticipantsfromtheone-sidedgroupswereaskedtoreadallthearguments,somewouldchangetheirminds.Themixofopinionswascomparabletothecontrolgroup-about55to45percent.“Oneofthebestwaystofighttheillusionofinformationadequacywhendisagreeingwithsomeoneistostopandask,“IstheresomethingI’mmissingthatwouldhelpmeseetheirpointsbetter?’Thiscanhelpavoidunnecessaryinterpersonalconflict,allowingustofocusonworkingthroughkeydifferencesbetweenourselvesandothers,”saidFletcher.8.Whatisparagraph2mainlyabout?A.TheacademicbackgroundofAngusFletcher.B.Thecauseandeffectofinterpersonalconflicts.C.Theimportanceofreducingmisunderstandings.D.ThesignificanceandpurposeofFletcher’sstudy.9.Whatwereallthreegroupsaskedtododuringthestudy?A.Defendtheirownviews. B.Discussbeforemakingdecisions.C.Readtheassignedarguments. D.Recommendthebestarticle.10.WhatdoesFletcher’sresearchfind?A.Peoplewiththesameinformationmakesimilardecisions.B.Peoplefromthecontrolgrouparebetterdecision-makers.C.Peoplelessinformedaremorelikelytochangetheirminds.D.Peoplewithpartialinformationoverestimatetheirjudgments.11.WhatdoesFletchersuggestpeopledowhendisagreeingwithothers?A.Workthroughkeydifferencestogether.B.Checkforextrafactstounderstandothers.C.Stoparguingtoavoidinterpersonalconflict.D.Getmoreevidencetosupporttheirownpoint.【答案】8.D9.C10.D11.B【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了俄亥俄州立大学的神经生理学家安格斯・弗莱彻（AngusFletcher）的一项心理学研究，研究发现人们存在“信息充足的错觉”这一现象，即大脑知道的越少，就越自信自己知道了所有需要知道的东西，同时研究还表明当人们得到足够的信息时，可能会有相同的理解，并且弗莱彻给出了应对“信息充足的错觉”的建议。【8题详析】主旨大意题。根据第二段““Interpersonalconflictisontherise,drivingincreasesinanger,anxietyandstress,”saidAngusFletcher,aneurophysiologistattheOhioStateUniversity.“Wewantedtolookintothosemisunderstandingsandseeiftheycouldbereduced.”(俄亥俄州立大学的神经生理学家安格斯・弗莱彻说：“人际冲突在增加，导致愤怒、焦虑和压力加剧。我们想调查这些误解，看看是否可以减少它们)”可知，本段先说明了人际冲突增加带来的不良影响，这体现了研究的意义，接着表明了想要调查并减少误解的目的，可推理出第二段主要讲的是弗莱彻研究的意义和目的。故选D项。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Participantsweredividedintogroupsandgivenarticlesaboutafictionalfactory.Onegroupreadonlyreasonsforthefactorytomerge(合并)withanotherfactory,anotheronlyreasonsforstayingseparate,andaControlgroupreadallthearguments.(参与者被分成小组，并得到了关于一个虚构工厂的文章。一组只阅读了该工厂与另一家工厂合并的理由，另一组只阅读了保持独立的理由，而对照组阅读了所有的论点)”可知，这三组都被要求阅读关于虚构工厂的文章，但阅读的是所分配给的相关论点，故选C项。【10题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段“Theyfoundthatthemajorityofthegroupswhoonlyreadthepro-oranti-mergingargumentsbelievedtheyhadenoughinformationtomakeagooddecision,andwouldfollowthearticle’srecommendation,whileabout55and45percentofthecontrolgrouprecommendedthefactoriesmergeorseparate.Theparticipantswiththeone-sidedinformationalsoassumedthatotherswouldmakethesamedecisiontheydid.(他们发现，大多数只阅读了支持或反对合并论点的小组认为他们有足够的信息做出一个好的决定，并且会遵循文章的建议，而对照组中约55%和45%的人建议工厂合并或分开。拥有片面信息的参与者也认为其他人会做出和他们一样的决定)”以及第五段“Theteamcallsthisbelieftheillusionofinformationadequacy,asFletcherdescribesit,“Thelessourbrainknows,themoreconfidentitisthatitknowsallitneeds.”(研究小组称这种信念为“信息充足的错觉”，正如弗莱彻所描述的那样，“我们的大脑知道的越少，就越自信自己知道了所有需要知道的东西)”可知，只获得片面信息的人认为自己有足够信息做决定，还认为别人也会和自己做同样的决定，可推理出得到部分信息的人高估了自己的判断。故选D项。【11题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段““Oneofthebestwaystofighttheillusionofinformationadequacywhendisagreeingwithsomeoneistostopandask,“IstheresomethingI’mmissingthatwouldhelpmeseetheirpointsbetter?’Thiscanhelpavoidunnecessaryinterpersonalconflict,allowingustofocusonworkingthroughkeydifferencesbetweenourselvesandothers,”saidFletcher.(弗莱彻说：“当与某人意见不一致时，对抗“信息充足的错觉”的最佳方法之一是停下来问问自己，“是否有我遗漏的东西可以帮助我更好地理解他们的观点？”这可以帮助避免不必要的人际冲突，让我们专注于解决自己和他人之间的关键分歧)”可知，当与他人意见不一致时，弗莱彻建议人们检查是否有额外的事实来理解他人。故选B项。DBottledwaterhaslongbeenmarketedasasafedrink—ifitdoesn’tcomestraightfromamountainspring,it’satleastcleanandfreeofchemicals.Butanewstudydemonstratesthatbottledwatermaynotbesosafewhenitcomestomicroscopicplasticpollutantscapableofpassingintothebloodstream.Foryearsscientistshaveraisedthealarmovermicroplastics,whichformwhenplasticsbreakdownintoincreasinglysmallerparticles(微粒),rangingfromfivemillimetersdowntoonemicrometer.Previousstudieshavefoundthataliterofbottledwatercancontaintensofthousandsofidentifiableplasticparticles.Buttheystoppedattheonemicrometerlevelduetotechnologicalrestrictions.Thestudyusedanewtechnologytofindevensmallerparticles,anddetectedanaverage240,000plasticparticlesperliterofbottledwater.About90%oftheparticleswereconsiderednanoplastics,smallerthanonemicrometer.Unlikemicroplastics,theyarecapableofpassingthroughsomeorganslikelungsintothebloodstream.Fromtheretheycanstayintheheartmuscleandotherorgans,passintothebrain,andevenintothebodiesofunbornbabies.Sofar,littleresearchshowswhatnanoplasticsexactlydooncetheyenterthebloodstream.Butthereismuchevidencethatchemicalsusedinplasticproductionarebadforhumanhealth.Evenifnanoplasticsthemselvesarenotdeleterious,theycanserveascarriersforthedangerouschemicals,increasingtheriskofcancerandimpactingkeyorganssuchastheheart.“Thereisahugeworldofnanoplasticstobestudied,”saidtheresearchers.Evenifnanoplasticsmakeup90%ofthenumberofplasticparticlesfoundinbottledwater,theymakeupfarlessinmass,theysaid.However,thisfactprovideslittlecomfort:It’sthenumbersratherthanmassthatmatter;andthesmallerthingsare,themorereadilytheycangetinsideus.12.Whatdoesthetechnologicalbarrierinthepreviousstudiesconcern?A.Thenumberofmicroscopicplastics. B.Thequalityofwaterbottles.C.Thedistributionofplasticpollutants. D.Thesizeofplasticparticles.13.Whatdoesthetextimplyaboutmicroplastics?A.Theyarenotverylikelytopollutebottledwater.B.Theirnumberperliterofbottledwaterisconstant.C.Theyarelesspotentiallyriskytohealththannanoplastics.D.Theirnumberinspringsislargerthanthatofnanoplastics.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“deleterious”inparagraph4probablymean?A.Large. B.Useless. C.Safe. D.Harmful.15.Whydonanoplasticsneedfurtherresearch?A.Theyaretoosmalltoidentify. B.Theyhaveeasyaccesstoorgans.C.Theyaredangerousregardingmass. D.Theyhaveahigherpercentageinlife.【答案】12.D13.C14.D15.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是纳米塑料的危害。【12题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段“Previousstudieshavefoundthataliterofbottledwatercancontaintensofthousandsofidentifiableplasticparticles.Buttheystoppedattheonemicrometerlevelduetotechnologicalrestrictions.(此前的研究发现，一升瓶装水可能含有数万个可识别的塑料颗粒。但由于技术限制，它们停留在了1微米的水平。)”可知，以前研究的障碍是关于塑料颗粒的大小的。故选D。【13题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段“About90%oftheparticleswereconsiderednanoplastics,smallerthanonemicrometer.Unlikemicroplastics,theyarecapableofpassingthroughsomeorganslikelungsintothebloodstream.Fromtheretheycanstayintheheartmuscleandotherorgans,passintothebrain,andevenintothebodiesofunbornbabies.(大约90%的颗粒被认为是纳米塑料，小于一微米。与微塑料不同，它们能够穿过肺部等器官进入血液。从那里，它们可以停留在心脏肌肉和其他器官，进入大脑，甚至进入未出生婴儿的身体。)”和倒数第二段“Evenifnanoplasticsthemselvesarenotdeleterious,theycanserveascarriersforthedangerouschemicals,increasingtheriskofcancerandimpactingkeyorganssuchastheheart.(即使纳米塑料本身是无害的，它们也可以作为危险化学物质的载体，增加患癌症的风险，并影响心脏等关键器官。)”可知，文章暗示了微塑料对健康的潜在风险比纳米塑料小。故选C。【14题详析】词句猜测题。根据倒数第二段“Evenifnanoplasticsthemselves(即使是纳米塑料本身)”和“theycanserveascarriersforthedangerouschemicals,increasingtheriskofcancerandimpactingkeyorganssuchastheheart(它们可以作为危险化学物质的载体，增加患癌症的风险，并影响心脏等关键器官)”可知，划线词所在的句子的意思是“即使纳米塑料本身是无害的，它们也可以作为危险化学物质的载体，增加患癌症的风险，并影响心脏等关键器官”，划线词deleterious的意思是“有害的”，和harmful意思相近，故选D。【15题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“It’sthenumbersratherthanmassthatmatter;andthesmallerthingsare,themorereadilytheycangetinsideus.(重要的是数量而不是质量；东西越小，就越容易进入我们体内。)”可知，纳米塑料需要进一步的研究是因为纳米塑料很容易进入我们的器官，故选B。第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。TheartoflearninghowtothinkLearninghowtothinkisreallythewholepointofgoingtouniversitybecauseitisoneofthefewperiodsinyourlifewhenyougettimetodoit.Likeanyskill,successfulthinkingtakespractice.Themoretimeyouspendthinkingandthemoreideasyoucomeupwith,themorelikelyitisthatsomeofthemwillbegoodones.____16____Yourthinkingwillneverimproveifitconsistsentirelyofthinkinghowmuchofafailureyouare.____17____Geniusesgenerallycomeupwiththeirbrilliantinnovationsbythinkingaboutasubjectinlotsofdifferentwaysandestablishingconnectionsbetweenapparentlydifferentideas.Ontheotherhand,therearetimeswhenyouneedtoknowwhatyouaresupposedtobethinkingaboutandwhy,andtostayreasonablyfocused.Ifyouarehavingtroublethinking,itmaybebecauseyoulackanotherskillthatwouldmakeiteasier.Itcouldbethatyoudon’thaveawideenoughvocabularytoputyourthoughtsintowords.____18____Ifyoushareahousewithviolinistsandpianists,youmayhavetroublehearingyourselfthink.Onewaytosharpenthisskillistothinkcriticallyaboutwhatotherpeoplearethinking.Thinkingisnotalwayssomethingthatneedstobedonealone.____19____So,ifyourhousemateseverabandontheirinstruments,engagetheminconversation,lookforholesintheirarguments,andexplainyourown.Ifyougetreallygoodatthinkingwhileatuniversity,youmaybeabletothinkofawaytocarrythaton.____20____A.Properthinkingisaboutcreatinganargument.B.Itenablesustobecomemoreindependentthinkers.C.Ifthey’reallrubbish,trynottokeepthinkingaboutit.D.Andthusitsavesyouactuallydoinganythingonceyouleave.E.Youmayalsobeinthewrongenvironmentforproductivethought.F.Havingaone-trackmindwon’timproveyourpowerofthinkinganyway.G.Infact,communicatingyourthoughtscanhelptodevelopandclarifythem.【答案】16.C17.F18.E19.G20.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是如何学习思考。【16题详析】空前“Themoretimeyouspendthinkingandthemoreideasyoucomeupwith,themorelikelyitisthatsomeofthemwillbegoodones.(你花在思考上的时间越多，你想出的点子越多，其中一些点子就越有可能是好的。)”说明想得越多就越有可能想出好点子，空后“Yourthinkingwillneverimproveifitconsistsentirelyofthinkinghowmuchofafailureyouare.(如果你的思维总是想着自己有多失败，你的思维就永远不会进步。)”说明你越觉得自己是失败者，你就永远不会进步，可见不能一直想不好的事情，C选项“Ifthey’reallrubbish,trynottokeepthinkingaboutit.(如果它们都是垃圾，尽量不要去想它。)”说明不要去想不好的东西，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选C。【17题详析】空后“Geniusesgenerallycomeupwiththeirbrilliantinnovationsbythinkingaboutasubjectinlotsofdifferentwaysandestablishingconnectionsbetweenapparentlydifferentideas.(天才们通常是通过用多种不同的方式思考一个问题，并在明显不同的想法之间建立联系，从而产生出色的创新。)”说明天才们会用多种方式思考一个问题，空格处也应该是关于是以多种方式思考还是以一种方式思考的，F选项“Havingaone-trackmindwon’timproveyourpowerofthinkinganyway.(无论如何，单线思维不会提高你的思考能力。)”说明单线思维不好，继而引出了后面的天才们是以多种方式思考，因此F选项引起下文，符合语境，故选F。【18题详析】空前“Ifyouarehavingtroublethinking,itmaybebecauseyoulackanotherskillthatwouldmakeiteasier.Itcouldbethatyoudon’thaveawideenoughvocabularytoputyourthoughtsintowords.(如果你在思考上有困难，那可能是因为你缺乏另一种能让你更容易思考的技能。这可能是因为你没有足够的词汇量来表达你的想法。)”是对思考有困难的原因的推测，空格处也应该是推测原因，E选项“Youmayalsobeinthewrongenvironmentforproductivethought.(你也可能处在一个不适合思考的环境中。)”说明的是思考有困难的原因，且和空后“Ifyoushareahousewithviolinistsandpianists,youmayhavetroublehearingyourselfthink.(如果你与小提琴家和钢琴家合住，你可能听不清自己的想法。)”所说的关于思考环境的例子相呼应，因此E选项承上启下，符合语境，故选E。【19题详析】空前“Onewaytosharpenthisskillistothinkcriticallyaboutwhatotherpeoplearethinking.Thinkingisnotalwayssomethingthatneedstobedonealone.(提高这种技能的一个方法是批判性地思考别人在想什么。思考并不总是需要一个人去做的事情。)”说明思考不一定要一个人进行，空格处应该说思考可以和别人一起进行，G选项“Infact,communicatingyourthoughtscanhelptodevelopandclarifythem.(事实上，交流你的想法可以帮助发展和澄清它们。)”说明了跟人交流的好处，和前面的不一定一个人进行相一致，因此G选项承接上文，符合语境，故选G。【20题详析】空前“Ifyougetreallygoodatthinkingwhileatuniversity,youmaybeabletothinkofawaytocarrythaton.(如果你在大学里真的很擅长思考，你可能会想出一个方法来把它延续下去。)”说明你可能会把思考延续下去，空格处应该说这么做的好处，D选项“Andthusitsavesyouactuallydoinganythingonceyouleave.(这样一来，一旦你离开，你做任何事情这都可以搭救你。)”说明了将好的思考习惯延续下去的好处，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选D。第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Inaheartwarmingturnofevents,ateenager’sdecisiontotakeanunexpectedroutehomeresultedinaheroicactofkindness.ElijahChampionhadvisitedMarketBasketonNederlandAvenuetopickupajobapplication.Onhis___21___back,hecrossedNederlandAvenueat25thStreet___22___hisusual27thStreetroute.Itwasbecauseofthischange___23___thehighschoolfreshmanranacrossanelderlymanwhowashavingtroublewalkingduetoarthritis(关节炎)andfell,___24___himunabletomoveaboutamileandahalffromhishome.“WhenIfoundhim,hewas___25___onthesideoftheroadwithhisbottomhalfinthegrassandhistophalfontheroaditself,”ChampiontoldKFDM.“Whenpeoplepassedby,theyweresuretogoaroundhim,soitwaspretty___26___theyhadseenhim.”___27___,Championwentdoor-to-door___28___forassistance.Afterknockingonapproximately15doors,hefinallyfounda/an___29___neighbor,andthebegforhelpwascaptured(捕捉)oncamera.“Ifeltrelievedand____30____atthesametimebecauseIknewthatifItriedhardenough,Iwouldfindsomeonewhowouldhelp,”____31____Champion,“Itwas____32____justtoseehowmanypeoplewouldn’thelpanotherhumanbeing.”Champion’sactofkindnessgainedattentiononFacebook,wherehiskindactionreceivedhigh____33____fromNederlandlocals.Althoughhedidn’texpectthewidespread____34____,Championhopeshisstoryinspiresotherstoshowsimilarkindness.“Ithinkifeveryone____35____eachother,thisworldwouldbealothappier,”reflectedChampion.21.A.journey B.vacation C.school D.castle22.A.asif B.ratherthan C.dueto D.otherthan23.A.where B.which C.that D.why24.A.leaving B.finding C.striking D.pretending25.A.walking B.driving C.standing D.lying26.A.obvious B.positive C.specific D.annoying27.A.Finally B.Actually C.Immediately D.Confidently28.A.applying B.adapting C.leading D.searching29.A.outgoing B.willing C.amazing D.living30.A.delighted B.concerned C.frightened D.shocked31.A.requested B.demanded C.protested D.shared32.A.satisfying B.attractive C.disappointing D.impressive33.A.application B.appreciation C.investigation D.comments34.A.recognition B.description C.impression D.comparison35.A.gavewayto B.watchedover C.reachedoutto D.concentratedon【答案】21.A22.B23.C24.A25.D26.A27.C28.D29.B30.D31.D32.C33.B34.A35.C【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了，青少年ElijahChampion一次回程，决定走一条意想不到的回家之路，在途中他救助了一位老人而得到广泛赞誉的故事。【21题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在回程中，他在25街穿过荷兰大道，而不是通常的27街路线。A.journey旅程；B.vacation假期；C.school学校；D.castle城堡。由上文“ElijahChampionhadvisitedMarketBasketonNederlandAvenuetopickupajobapplication.(ElijahChampion短暂地在荷兰大道的MarketBasket逗留后，领取了一份工作申请)”可知，领取工作申请后，Champion应该是要回去，此处指回程。故选A项。【22题详析】考查固定短语辨析。句意：在回程中，他在25街穿过荷兰大道，而不是通常的27街路线。A.asif好像；B.ratherthan而不是；C.dueto由于；D.otherthan除了……以外。由上文“hecrossedNederlandAvenueat25thStreet”，下文“hisusual27thStreetroute”和“thischange(这种改变)”可知，Champion回程时改变了路线，没走平常走的27街路线，而走了25街路线，ratherthan符合语境。故选B项。【23题详析】考查连词词义辨析。句意：正是因为这种改变，这位高中新生遇到了一位因关节炎而走路困难的老人，老人摔倒了，导致他在离家一英里半的地方无法移动。A.where哪里；B.which哪个；C.that用于引导句子（一般无意义）；D.why为什么。此处是“Itis/was+被强调部分+that/who+其它”强调句型结构，强调原因状语becauseofthischange，指事物，用that。故选C项。【24题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：正是因为这种改变，这位高中新生遇到了一位因关节炎而走路困难的老人，老人摔倒了，导致他在离家一英里半的地方无法移动。A.leaving让……处于；B.finding发现；C.striking罢工；D.pretending假装。由上文“anelderlymanwhowashavingtroublewalkingduetoarthritis(关节炎)andfell”可知，老人因关节炎而走路困难，因此摔倒了，让其处于无法移动的状态。故选A项。【25题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Champion告诉KFDM：“当我发现他时，他躺在路边，下半部分在草地上，上半部分在路上。”A.walking走路；B.driving开车；C.standing站立；D.lying躺。由上文“anelderlymanwhowashavingtroublewalkingduetoarthritis(关节炎)andfell,______himunabletomoveaboutamileandahalffromhishome(一位因关节炎而走路困难的老人，老人摔倒了，导致他在离家一英里半的地方无法移动)”可知，老人因摔倒无法移动而躺在路边。故选D项。【26题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“当人们经过时，他们一定要绕过他，所以很明显他们看到了他。”A.obvious明显的；B.positive积极的；C.specific特殊的；D.annoying烦人的。由上文“hewas______onthesideoftheroadwithhisbottomhalfinthegrassandhistophalfontheroaditself(他躺在路边，下半部分在草地上，上半部分在路上)”可知，老人摔倒躺下的位置很明显，人们能一眼看到。故选A项。【27题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：Champion立即挨家挨户寻求帮助。A.Finally最后；B.Actually实际上；C.Immediately立即；D.Confidently自信地。由上文“WhenIfoundhim,hewas______onthesideoftheroadwithhisbottomhalfinthegrassandhistophalfontheroaditself(我发现他时，他躺在路边，下半部分在草地上，上半部分在路上)”可知，看到摔倒需要救助的老人，Champion立即去寻求帮助。故选C项。【28题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Champion立即挨家挨户寻求帮助。A.applying申请；B.adapting适应；C.leading带领；D.searching搜寻。由下文“hefinallyfounda/an______neighbor,andthebegforhelpwascaptured(捕捉)oncamera(在敲了大约15扇门后，他终于找到了一个……邻居，求助的过程被摄像机拍了下来)”可知，Champion去求助了，说明他挨家挨户寻求帮助。故选D项。【29题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在敲了大约15扇门后，他终于找到了一个愿意帮忙的邻居，求助的过程被摄像机拍了下来。A.outgoing外向的；B.willing乐意的；C.amazing令人