考研英语（阅读）模拟试卷47

考研英语（阅读）模拟试卷47

一、阅读（常规阅读理解）（本题共25题，每题7.0

分，共25分。）

TheMagicofSoundMusicisoneofthemostbeautifulformsofartisticexpressionsever

invented.Inmoviesandplays,musichasanaddedfunction:itnotonlymovespeoplebut

alsocanshockpeople.Isittruethatanordinarymusicalinstrumentcanbesopowerful?

Oureardrumscanwithstandsoundwithin20to80decibels.Oncesoundexceedsthis

limit,evenbeautifulmusicwillbecomeear-splittingnoiseandharmhealth.Astrong

blastofhighsoundcantv/istandbreakasolidironsheet.41Thenoisefromaplane's

engineisover140decibels.However,thesoundofafluteisatmostafewdecibels.42It

hasbeenproventhatpeoplewhohaveworkedinanenvironmentwithahighsound

intensityforalongtimesuffervaryingdegreesofheartdiseaseoralteredbrainwaves.In

movies,sometimestheherocanproduceasoundthatordinarypeoplecan'thearandonly

thosewhohavethesameabilitycanfeel.Innature,thereisactuallysoundthatisbeyond

ourhearing.Inphysics,thesoundthatexceeds20,000Hziscalledultrasonic.43Itdoes

noharmtohealth.Soundlessthan20Hziscalledinfrasonicwaves.Whenwemove,the

airwillvibrate.44Asthefrequencyofinfrasonicwavesisclosetothatofpeople's

internalorgans,infrasonicwavemaycauseresonanceinhumanbodies.Asaresult,

people'svisionmayweakenandinternalorgansmayrupture.However,whetheran

infrasonicwavecanbeusedasaweapondependsonitsintensity.Ifitsintensityisvery

low,itwon'tdamageinternalorgansoraperson'shealth.45WhenwindblowsataIbrce

of3or4overthesea,itwillproduceinfrasonicwavesofseveraldecibels.Onlytyphoons

canproduceinfrasonicwavesofover100decibels.Atpresent,scientistscanonly

produceinfrasonicweaponsinthelabwiththehelpofadvancedscientifictoolsand

powerfulelectricpower.A.Highsoundof150decibelscankillahealthyrat.B.The

vibrationof-aircanproduceinfrasonicwaves.C.Wecannotplayhigh-pitchedmusic

withordinarymusicalinstruments.D.Iftheintensityofinfrasonicwaveexceeds160

decibels,itisextremelyharmful.E.Dolphins,whalesandbatscanmakesuchhigh-

frequencysoundF.Therefore,thesoundofordinarymusicalinstrumentscannotharm

yourhealth.

1、

标准答案：A

知识点解析：本段要说明，音量超过80分贝，即便是美妙的音乐，对人体也有

害。“空41”前面的句子说：一阵高分贝的强烈的冲击波能使一块铁板扭曲和破

裂。“空41”的句子应该与高分贝的声音的危害性有关。选项A的“Highsoundof

150decibelscankillahealthyrat”是高分贝声音的危害性的又一个例子。从“空41”

位置上隐去的句子必是此句。A是答案。

2、

标准答案：F

知识之解析：“空42”前面的句子说，长笛发出的声音强度最多只有几个分贝。选

项F提到乐器，和“空42”前面的句子的长笛有联系。再看内容，F的句子是对上一

句意思的概括。F是答奚。

3、

标准答案：E

知识点解析：“空43”前的句子说超过2万赫兹的声音称为超声波。“空43”后的句

子说超声波对人体无害。位于这两个句子之间的'、空43”的内容应该与超声波有

关。选项E说海豚、鲸鱼和蝙蝠能发出这种高频率的声音。从内容上看，选项E

与上下文意思连贯，因此是答案。

4、

标准答案：B

知识点解析：“空44”前面的两个句子是“Soundlessthan20Hziscalledinfrasonic

waves.Whenwemove,theairwillvibrate”,主题是infrasonicwaveso选项B('The

vibrationofairCanproduceinfrasonicwaves.")的句子中，有vibration,air和

infrasonicwaves,它们与上述两句子的用词重复，说明内容联系十分紧密，而且意

思连贯，所以，B是答案。

5、

标准答案：D

知识点解析：“空45”前面的句子说：如果次声波的强度低，不会伤害人的内部器

官或影响人的健康。与上述意思有联系的句子出现在选项D。选项D说：如果次

声波的强度超过160分贝，就极为有害。两个句子连在一起，构成一个完整的论

述。所以，D是答案。

DungtoDeathFieldsacrossEuropearecontaminatedwithdangerouslevelsofthe

antibioticsgiventofarmanimals.Thedrugs,whichareinmanuresprayedontofieldsas

fertilizers,couldbegettingintoourfoodandwater,helpingtocreateanewgenerationof

antibiotic-resistantnsuperbugs".ThewarningcomesfromaresearcherinSwitzerland

wholookedatlevelsofthedrugsinfarmslurry.41Some20,000tonsofantibioticsare

usedintheEuropeanUnionandtheU.S.eachyear.Morethanhalfaregivetofarm­

animalstopreventdiseaseandpromotegrowth.42Mostresearchersassumedthat

humansbecomeinfectedwiththeresistantstrainsbyeatingcontaminatedmeat.Butfar

moreofthedrugsendupinmanurethaninmeatproducts,saysStephenMuellerofthe

SwissFederalInstituteforEnvironmentalScienceandTechnologyinDubendorf.

43Withmillionsoftonsofanimalsmanurespreadontofieldsofcropssuchas

wheatandbarleyeachyear,thispathwayseemsanequallylikelyrouteforspreading

resistance,hesaid.Thedrugscontaminatethecrops,whicharetheneaten.44Muelleris

particularlyconcernedaboutagroupofantibioticscalledsulphonamides.45Hisanalysis

foundthatSwissfarmmanurecontainsahighpercentageofThisconcentrationishigh

enoughtotriggerthedevelopmentofresistanceamongbacteria.Butvetsarenottreating

theissueseriously.Thereisgrowingconcernattheextenttowhichdrugs,including

antibiotics,arcpollutingtheenvironment.Manydrugsgiventohumansarcalsoexcreted

unchangedandarenotbrokendownbyconventionalsewagetreatment.A.Theydonot

easilydegradeordissolveinwater.B.Andmanurecontainsespeciallyhighlevelsof

bugsthatareresistanttoantibiotics,hesays.C.Animalantibioticsisstillanareato

whichinsufficientattentionhasbeenpaid.D.Butrecentresearchhasfoundadirectlink

betweentheincreaseduseofthesefarmyarddrugsandtheappearanceofantibiotic­

resistantbugsthatinfectpeople.E.Hisfindingsareparticularlyshockingbecause

Switzerlandisoneoffewcountriestohavebannedantibioticsasgrowthpromotersin

animalfeed.F.Theycouldalsobeleachingintotapwaterpumpedfromrocksbeneath

fertilizedfields.

6、

标准答案：E

知识点解析：本句中包含he这个代词，故上文中必定有它的先行词，hisfindings

又表明此人应该是从事科研工作的，句中又提到Switzerland,考虑这种种因

素.填入E是正确的。

7、

标准答案：D

知识点解析：前两句讲的是抗生素在欧洲和美国的大量使用，D项讲的是由此导致

的不良后果，接上去是最合理不过的。But明确地表明了这一转折。

8、

标准答案：B

知识点解析：选项B中有两处提示，一是本句结尾处的hesays,说明上文中必提

到一个被引用的人，二是句首的And,这个词表明，这句的内容可能是前一句的延

续。前一句引的S.Mu川er说的话，讲到在肥料巾滞留的药物比肉类产品中的多

得多。这句话则继续引用Mueller的话，进一步说肥料中对抗生素有抗药性的病菌

含量特别局。

9、

标准答案：F

知识点解析：选项F中的also一词说明前面应讲到过类似的内容。这句讲的是这

些药物可能从施过肥料的农田卜.面的岩石沥滤到自来水里去；前面一句讲的是受到

这些药物污染的谷物被人食用，这两句讲的都是这些药物如何对人类造成威胁。

10、

标准答案：A

知识点解析：选项A中的主语They提示我们应该寻找一个复:数的先行词，根据句

子的意思：……既不衰减又不溶于水，这个they指的不是人而是物，我们在上一

句里找到sulphonamides这个复数形式的名词，从意思E看也正合适。

TimeintheAnimalWorldRhythmcontrolseverythinginNature.41Thesunprovidesa

basictimerhythmforalllivingcreaturesincludinghumans.Nearlyallanimalsare

influencedbysuncyclesandhavedevelopedabiologicalclockintheirbodiesfollowing

thesecycles.Themoonalsoexertsitsforceandinfluenceonthesea.Itsgravitational

attractioncausestherisingofthetide.42WhenthemoonisbehindtheEarth,centrifugal

forcecausesthesecondtideoftheday.Animalslivingintidalareasmusthavethe

instinctofpredictingthesechanges,toavoidbeingstrandedanddyingofdehydration.

Sincethetimeofthedinosaurs,thekingcrabhasbeenlayingeggsattheseasideinaset

way.Toavoidpredatorfish,theeggsarealwaysfarfromseawaterandprotectedby

sand.Inthefollowingtwomonths,theeggsundergodramaticchangesrelatedtothe

cyclesofthemoon.Whenthesecondspringtidecomes,theyoungkingcrabshave

matured.43Mostofthemammals,eitherthegiantelephantorthesmallshrew,havethe

sameaveragetotalnumberofheartbeatsintheirlifetime.Shrewsliveonlyfbrtwoanda

halfyears,andspendtheirlifeatahighspeedandhightempo.Animalslikeshrewswith

apulserateof600perminutehaveanaveragetotalofeighthundredmillionheartbeats

throughouttheirlife.TheAfricanelephanthasapulserateof25beatsperminute,anda

lifespanof60years.Thesizeofthebodydeterminesthespeedoflife.44Asweget

older,oursenseoftimeisbeinginfluencedbythephysiologicalchangesofourbody.

Theelderlyspendmoretimeresting,anddofewsports.45Forachild,aweekisseenas

alongtime.A.Foranadult,timegoesfastyearbyyear.B.Ilcontrols,fbrexample,the

flappingofbirds'wings,thebeatingoftheheartandtherisingandsettingofthesun.C.

Thelargertheanimalis.thelongeritslifespanisandthesloweritslifetempois.D.The

tidegoesoutwhenthemoonmovesawayanditsattractionisweaker.E.Wealwaystend

tothinkalltheanimalshavethesamesenseoftimeashumanbeings.F.Thesecond

springtidetakesthembacktothesea.

II、

标准答案：B

知识点解析：“空41”前面的句子“RhythmcontrolseverythinginNature”是主题句。

“空41”的句子应该是陈述主题句的细节。选项B的“Itcontrols,forexample,the

flappingOfbirds'wings,thebeatingoftheheartandtherisingandsettingofthesun”是

主题句的例解。controls是两个句子的词汇连接手段，两个句子的内容也连贯。所

以B是答案。

12、

标准答案：D

知识点解析：“空42”前面两句说，月亮对大海施加力量和影响，其地心吸力造成

涨潮。“空42”后的句子涉及第二次涨潮。可以推断，位于这两个句子之间的“空

42”的内容应该与大海和潮汐有关。选项D说的是退潮。因此是答案。

13、

标准答案：F

知识点解析：第二段说到生长在潮汐地区的动物具有预测潮汐的本能。然后举

kingcrab为例。赏远离海岸产卵，并将之埋在沙下，防止食肉鱼吞食。到第二次春

潮来临时，小邕已破壳而出。“空43”应该填什么呢?选项F出现secondspring,这

是与上一句联系的信号。再看内容，它是上一句意思的自然发展。所以，F是答

案。

14、

标准答案：C

知识点解析：第四段说到哺乳动物不管寿命长短、体形大小，其一生心跳总次数大

致相同。作者举体形大、寿命长的大象和体形小、寿命短的shrew（磊髓）为例说

明。本段的倒数第二句是结论:Thesizeofthebodydeterminesthespeedoflifeo”空

44”应该填什么呢?估计应该与上述结论有关。选项C的“Thelargertheanimalis,

thelongeritslifespanisandthesloweritslifetempois”是对上一句的结论的细化说

明。所以，C是答案。

15、

标准答案：A

知识点解析：第五段说到随着年龄的增长，生理变化会影响人的时问感。“空45”

前面一句说到老人，“空45”后面一句说到小孩。由此可以判断，“空45”的内容会

涉及另一个年龄段。选顶A说了一个成年段。所以，A是答案。

WatchingMicrocurrentsFlowWecannowwatchelectricityasitflowsthrougheventhe

tiniestcircuits.Byscanningthemagneticfieldgeneratedaselectriccurrentsflowthrough

objects,physicistshavemanaged41.Thetechnologywillallowmanufacturers

toscanmicrochipsforfaults,aswellasrevealingmicroscopicdefectsinanythingfrom

aircrafttobanknotes.GangXiaoandBenSchragatBrownUniversityinProvidence,

RhodeIsland,visualizethecurrentbymeasuringsubtlechangesinthemagneticfieldof

anobjectand42Theirsensorisadaptedfromanexistingpieceoftechnologythatisused

tomeasurelargemagneticfieldsincomputerharddrives."Weredesignedthemagnetic

sensortomakeitcapableofmeasuringveryweakchangesinmagneticfields,Hsays

Xiao.Theresultingdeviceiscapableofdetectingacurrentasweakas10microamperes,

evenwhenthewireisburieddeepwithinachip,anditshowsupfeaturesassmallas40

nanometresacross.Atpresent,engineerslookingfordefectsinachiphavetopeeloffthe

layersandexaminethecircuitsvisually;thisisoneoftheobstacles43Butthenew

magneticmicroscopeissensitiveenoughtolookinsidechipsandrevealfaultssuchas

shortcircuits,nicksinthewiresorelectromigraiion-whereadenseareaofcurrentpicks

upsurroundingatomsandmovesthemalong."Itislikewatchingariverflow,'*explains

Xiao.Aswellasscanningtinycircuits,themicroscopecanbeusedtorevealtheinternal

structureofanyobjectcapableofconductingelectricity.Forexample,itcouldlook

directlyatmicroscopiccracksinanaeroplanesfuselage,44Thetechniquecannotyet

pickupelectricalactivityinthehumanbrainbecausethecurrentthereistoosmall,but

Xiaodoesn'truleitoutinthefuture."Icanneversaynever,"hesays.Althoughthe

researchershaveonlyjustmadethetechnicaldetailsofthemicroscopepublic,itis

alreadyonsale,fromelectronicscompanyMicroMagneticsinFallRiver,Massachusetts.

Itiscurrentlythesizeofarefrigeratorandtakesseveralminutestoscanacircuit,bin

XiaoandSchragareworking45A.toshrinkittothesizeofadesktopcomputerandcut

thescanningtimeto30secondsB.tomakingchipsanysmallerC.totaketinychipswe

requireD.topicturetheprogressofthecurrentsE.convertingtheinformationintoa

colorpictureshowingthedensityofcurrentateachpointF.faultsinthemetalstripofa

forgedbanknoteorbacteriainawatersample

16、

标准答案：D

知识点解析：manageto+v.是“设法做成”的意思。picture在此是动词，€<topicture

theprogressofthecurrents"意为“绘出电流运行图

17、

标准答案：E

知识点解析：by在句中引导两个在句法结构上并列的分词短语：一个是measuring

subtlechangesinthemagneticfieldofanobject,另一个是convertingtheinformation

intoacolorpictureshowingthedensityofcurrentateachpointo

convert...into...的意思是''把...转变为...

18、

标准答案：B

知识点解析：“obstacleto+名词性成分”的意思是“……的障碍工

19、

标准答案：F

知识点解析：faultsinthemetalstripofaforgedbanknote和bacteriainawatersample

与前文中的microscopiccracksinanaeroplane'sfuse.age在意思上是并列的关系。

20、

标准答案：A

知识点解析：这部分所说的体积的减小和所需时间的缩短恰好与前半句中提到的冰

箱大小的体积和所需数分钟的时间形成了对比。

HeatIsKillerExtremelyhotweatheriscommoninmanypartsoftheworld.Although

hotweatherjustmakesmostpeoplefeelhot,itcancauseseriousmedicalproblems一

evendeath.Floods,storms,volcanoeruptionsandothernaturaldisasterskillthousandsof

peopleeveryyear.41Expertssayheatmaybenature'sdeadliestkiller.Recently,

extremeheatwasblamedforkillingmorethanonehundredpeopleinIndia.Itisreported

thatthetotalheatofahotdayorseveraldayscanaffecthealth.42Expertssayheat

wavesoftenbecomedangerouswhenthenighttimetemperaturedoesnotdropmuchfrom

thehighestdaytimetemperature.Thiscausesgreatstressonthehumanbody.43Stayout

ofthesun,ifpossible.Drinklotsofcoolwater.Wearlightcoloredclothingmadeof

naturalmaterials;avoidwearingsyntheticclothing.Makesuretheclothingisloose,

permittingfreedomofmovement.Andlearnthedangersignsofthemedicalproblems,

suchasheadacheandvomiting,thatarelinkedtoheat.44Thepainisawarningthatthe

bodyisbecomingtoohot.Doctorssaythosesufferingheadacheormusclepainshould

stopallactivityandrestinacoolplaceanddrinkcoolliquids.Donotreturntophysical

activityforafewhoursbecausemoreseriouscondi