跨文化交际与翻译真题

跨文化交际与翻译真题2015.6.5临床专业

一、案例分析(答题说明：每题10分，合计10.0分。)

1.Situation:TwoAmericans,BillandTony,aretalkingabout

Tony'sunhappyexperiencewithhisChinesecollege.

Bill:Hi,Tony.How'reyoudoing?

Tony:Fine.Justgotbackfromvisitingthehomeofoneofmy

Chinesecolleagues.

Bill:Oh,haveagoodtime?

Tony:Ohyes,verygood.MindyoufIwasbithurtaboutthe

waytheytreatedmypresent.Yousee,Iknowtheylikewestern

musicsoIbroughtthembacksomeofthelatesttapesfromthe

UK.Hadthemallwrappedupbeautifullyandgavethemtothem

assoonasIgotinsidethedoorandwhatdoyouthinkhappened?

Bill:What?

Tony:Nothing.Well,moreorless,theysaidthankyoubut

thenjustputthemawayinacorner.Didn'tevenbotherto

unwrapthem.ImustsayIfeltabitmiffedafterallthetrouble

Fdtaken.

参考答案：答题点:GiftgivingintheWest

三、跨文化单选(答题说明：每题1分，合计15.0分。)

C22.CathyistalkingtoherfriendsBillandTodoutsidethe

cinema.Cathy:Well,whatdidyouthinkofthefilm,then?

Bill:Oh,Ithoughtitwasgreat.Didn'tyouthinkso?

Tod:

A)Well,maybe.

B)NozIdon'tlikeit.

C)Yes,inaway.Butrveseenbetter.

D)Yes.Idaresayyou'reright.ButFveseenbetter.

D23.AtSamantha7sflat,RuthhasjusttoldSandythatshe

isreallyfedupwithherpresentjob.

Sandy:Well,Ruth,maybeyououghttotryandgetanother

one.Itshouldn'tbetoohardforsomeonelikeyou.

Ruth:Yes,Icoulddothat,Isuppose.Well,Icanthinkaboutit

anyway.Sandy:

A)Yes,youdothat.

B)That'sthespirit.

C)That'syourwayout.

D)Good.

D24.Bethistalkingtoherfriend,Brenda.

Beth:Iwonderifyou'dmindpostingthisletterformeon

yourwayhome,Brenda?

Brenda:

A)You'rewelcome.

B)Idon'tcare.

C)Idon,tmind.

D)Sure.

A25.Situation:XiaoMaisaninterpreter.Onedayaforeign

visitor,MrYoder,talkstohim.

Yoder:YourEnglishisquitefluent.

Ma:

A)Thankyou.It*skindofyoutosayso.

B)No,no,myEnglishispoor.

C)Noznotatall.

D)Oh,no.Farfromthat,Istillhavealongwaytogo.

B26.BettyisaforeignstudentinChina.ShehasmetZheng

Yu.

Betty:Iwastoldthatyouwonthe100-meterraceintheall

citytrackmeetthismorning.Congratulations!

ZhengYu:

A)Justlucky.

B)Thankyou.

C)Ican'tsayIdidwellthismorning.

D)Icouldhavedonebetterifithadn,tbeensocold.

B27.Yourfriend,smother,MrsYoder,askedifyouwould

likesomethingtoeat.Whatwouldyousaytorefusepolitely?

A)Notforthemoment,thankyou,MrsYoder.Fmfull.

B)No,thanks,Yvejusthadlunch.

C)Oh,no,MrsYoder.Ihaven7tlonghadlunch.

D)rmfullandhavenoroomforanymore.

A28.MrTimmshasarrivedforameetingwhich,

unfortunately,hasbeencancelled.

MrsBanks:Izmterriblysorryaboutnotlettingyouknow

sooner,MrTimmeszbutunfortunatelyitwascancelledatthelast

minuteandtheresimplywasnztenoughtimetoinform

everyone.

MrTimms:

A)Oh,don'11etitworryyou,MrsBanks.Iquiteunderstand.

B)Oh,that'sOK,MrsBanks.Iunderstand.

z

C)Ohzitdoesntmatter,MrsBanks.

D)Oh,donztworryaboutit,MrsBanks.

B29.Ifyouareattendingafamilygatheringandwouldlike

toknowwhatthefamilialrelationshipisbetweenonemember

andanother,youmayask:

A)Isheyour...?

B)Howareyourelated?

C)Who'sthatwoman?

D)What'stherelationshipbetweenyouandthatwoman?

A30.Onthewaytotheschoolcinema,LisawProfessorBlake

A)Oh,can'tcomplain.

B)I7mverywell,too,thankyou.

C)Sameoldthing.

D)OK.

z

B35.MrGreenssecretary,PatKentzwenttotheairportto

meetMrBarnesforherboss.

WhatwouldMissKentsaywhenshemeetMrBarnes?

A)Excuseme,wouldyoubeMrBarnes?

B)AreyouMrBarnes?

C)Excuseme,wouldyoupleasetellmeifyouareMrBarnes?

D)YouareMrBarnes,aren'tyou?

A36.Patrickissittinginacarwithsomefriends.Hehasjust

askedifanyonemindshimsmoking.Oneofthefriendsinthecar,

Gillian,isallergictosmoke.Whatwouldshesay?

A)WouldyoumindifIsaidno,Patrick?

B)Can'tyoustaywithoutsmoking?

C)IfsnotOK.

D)No,ofcoursenot.

43-47题共用题干：

Overthepastcentury,allkindsofunfairnessand

discriminationhavebeencondemned.Butoneinsidiousform

continuestothrive:alphabetism.Thisreferstodiscrimination

againstthosewhosesurnamesbeginwithaletterinthelower

halfofthealphabet.

IthaslongbeenknownthatataxifirmcalledAAAcarshasa

bigadvantageoverZodiaccarswhencustomersthumbthrough

theirphonedirectories.Lesswellknownistheadvantagethat

AdamAbbotthasinlifeoverZoeZysman.Englishnamesare

fairlyevenlyspreadbetweenthehalvesofthealphabet.Yeta

largenumberoftoppeoplehavesurnamesbeginningwith

lettersbetweenAandK.

ThustheAmericanpresidentandvice-presidenthave

surnamesstartingwithBandCrespectively;and26ofGeorge

Bush'spredecessorshadsurnamesinthefirsthalfofthe

alphabetagainstjust16inthesecondhalf.Evenmorestriking,

sixofthesevenheadsofgovernmentoftheG7richcountriesare

alphabeticallyadvantaged.Theworld/sthreetopcentral

bankersareallclosetothetopofthealphabet,evenifoneof

themreallyusesJapanesecharacters,asaretheworld'sfive

richestmen(Gates,Buffett,Allen,EllisonandAlbrecht).

Canthismerelybecoincidence?Onetheory,dreamtupin

allthesparetimeenjoyedbythealphabeticallydisadvantaged,is

thattherotsets

inearly.Atthestartofthefirstyearininfantschool,teachers

seatpupilsalphabeticallyfromthefront,tomakeiteasierto

remembertheirnames.SoshortsightedZysmanjuniorgetsstuck

inthebackrowzandisrarelyaskedtheimprovingquestions

posedbythoseinsensitiveteachers.Atthetimethe

alphabeticallydisadvantagedmaythinktheyhavehadalucky

escape.Yettheresultmaybeworsequalifications,becausethey

getlessindividualattention,aswellaslessconfidencein

speakingpublicly.

Thehumiliationcontinues.Atuniversitygraduation

ceremonies,theABCsproudlygettheirawardsfirst;bythetime

theyreachtheZysmansmostpeopleareliterallyhavingaZZZ.

Shortlistsforjobinterviews,electionballotpapers,andlistsof

conferencespeakers:alltendtobedrawnupalphabetically,and

theirrecipientsloseinterestastheyploughthroughthem.

A43.WhatdoestheauthorintendtoillustratewithAAAcars

andZodiacears?

A)Akindofoverlookedinequality.

B)Atypeofconspicuousbias.

C)Atypeofpersonalprejudice.

D)Akindofbranddiscrimination.

D44.Whatcanweinferfromthefirstthreeparagraphs?

A)InbothEastandWest,namesareessentialtosuccess.

B)ThealphabetistoblameforthefailureofZoeZysman.

C)Customersoftenpayalotofattentiontocompanies;

names.

D)Someformofdiscriminationistoosubtletorecognize.

C45.The4thparagraphsuggeststhat.

A)questionsareoftenputtothemoreintelligentstudents

B)alphabeticallydisadvantagedstudentsoftenescapefrom

class

C)teachersshouldpayattentiontoalloftheirstudents

D)studentsshouldbeseatedaccordingtotheireyesight

B46.Whatdoestheauthormeanby“mostpeopleare

literallyhavingaZZZ〃inParagraph5?

A)Theyaregettingimpatient.

B)Theyarenoisilydozingoff.

C)Theyarefeelinghumiliated.

D)Theyarebusywithwordpuzzles.

D47.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothetext?

A)PeoplewithsurnamesbeginningwithNtoZareoftenill-

treated.B)VIPsintheWesternworldgainagreatdealfrom

alphabetism.

C)Thecampaigntoeliminatealphabetismstillhasalong

waytogo.D)Puttingthingsalphabeticallymayleadto

unintentionalbias.

48-52题共用题干：

Whatthedream-phantasydoeswiththephysicalstimuli

cannotberegardedaspurposeful.Thephantasyplaysa

tantalizinggamev/iththem,andrepresentstheorganicsourceof

thestimuliofthedreaminquestion

byanysortofplasticsymbolism.Indeed,Schemerholdsthat

thedream-phantasyhasacertainfavoritesymbolforthe

organismasawhole:namely,thehouse.Fortunately,however,

foritsrepresentations,itdoesnotseemtolimititselftothis

material;itmayalsoemployawholeseriesofhousesto

designateasingleorgan;forexample,verylongstreetsofhouses

fortheintestinalstimulus.Inotherdreamsparticularpartsofthe

housemayactuallyrepresentparticularregionsofthebody,as

intheheadache-dream,whentheceilingoftheroom(which

thedreamseescoveredwithdisgustingtoad-likespiders)

representsthehead.

Quiteapartfromthesymbolofthehouse,anyothersuitable

objectmaybeemployedtorepresentthosepartsofthebody

whichexcitethedream.Thusthebreathinglungsfindtheir

symbolintheflamingstovewithitswindyroaring,theheartin

hollowchestsandbaskets,thebladderinround,ball-shaped,or

simplyhollowobjects.Itisparticularlynoteworthythatattheend

ofsuchaphysicallystimulateddreamthephantasy,asitwere,

unmasksitselfbyrepresentingtheexcitingorganoritsfunction

unconcealed.Thusthe^tooth-exciteddream"usuallyends

withthedreamertakingatoothoutofhismouth.

Thedream-phantasymay,however;directitsattentionnot

merelytotheformoftheexcitingorgan,butmayevenmakethe

substancecontainedthereintheobjectofsymbolization.Thus,

forexample,thedreamexcitedbytheintestinalstimulimaylead

usthroughmuddystreets,

thedreamduetostimulifromthebladdertofoamingwater.

Orthestimulusassuchfthenatureofitsexcitation,andthe

objectwhichitcovets,arerepresentedsymbolically.Or,again,the

dream-egoentersintoaconcreteassociationwiththe

symbolizationofitsownstate;as,forexample,wheninthecase

ofpainfulstimuliwestruggledesperatelywithviciousdogsor

ragingbulls.Disregardingallthepossiblelengthinessof

elaboration,aphantasticsymbolizingactivityremainsasthe

centralforceofeverydream.

B48.Thedream-phantasytendstorepresenttheorganismas

awholeby.

A)asymbolB)ahouseC)astreetD)asymbol

A49.Accordingtothepassage,whichsymbolizationis

probableinadream?

A)aceilingcoveredwithspidersrepresentsahead.

B)spidersrepresentaroom.

C)roaringwindrepresentsabreathinglung.

D)aballrepresentsaheartinchest.

C50.Accordingtothepassage,attheendofaphysically

stimulateddream,.

A)thedreamerdreamstotakeatoothoutofhismouth

B)thedreamerdreamstotakeoffhismask

C)thephantasyusuallyrevealswhichorganexcitedthe

dream

D)thephantasybecomesveryclearandexciting

D51.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?

A)Dreamscanbeexcitedbytheintestinalstimuli.

B)Thedream-phantasymaynotdirectitsattentiontothe

excitingorgan.C)Viciousdogsorragingbullsarecommonly

seeninbaddreams.

D)Whenwedreamoffoamingwater,wemaybefeeling

unwellinbladder.

A52.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?

A)Thedream-phantasy,physicalstimuliandsymbolization.

B)Thedream-phantasyplaysaninterestinggamewith

physicalstimuli.C)Partsofthebodyexcitethedream.

D)Phantasyisthecentralforceofdreams.

53-57题共用题干：

Inourculture,thesourcesofwhatwecallasenseof

“mastery”—feelingimportantandworth-while,andthe

sourcesofwhatwecallasense"pleasure”—findinglife

enjoyablearenotalwaysidentical.Womenoftenaretold”You

can'thaveitall."Sometimeswhatthespeakerreallyissaying

is:“Youchoseacareer,soyoucan'texpectto

havecloserrelationshipsorahappyfamilylife."or"You

haveawonderfulhusbandandchildren-What'sallthisabout

wantingacareer?”Butwomenneedtounderstandanddevelop

bothaspectsofwell-being,iftheyaretofeelgoodabout

themselves.

Ourstudyshowsthat,forwomen,well-beinghastwo

dimensions.Oneismastery,whichincludesself-esteem,asense

ofcontroloveryourlife,andlowlevelsofanxietyanddepression.

Masteryiscloselyrelatedtothe“doing“sideoflife,towork

andactivity.Pleasureistheotherdimensions,anditiscomposed

ofhappiness,satisfactionandoptimism.Itistiedmorecloselyto

the“feeling“sideoflife.Thetwoareindependentofeachother.

Awomancouldbehighinmasteryandlowinpleasure,andvice

versa.Forexample,awomanwhohasagoodjob,butwhose

motherhasjustdied,mightbefeelingverygoodaboutherself

andincontrolofherworklife,butthepleasuresidecouldbe

damagedforatime.

Theconceptsofmasteryandpleasurecanhelpusidentify

thesourcesofwell-beingforwomen,andremedypastmistakes.

Inthepast,womenwereencouragedtolookonlyatthefeeling

sideoflifeasthesourceofallwell-being.Butweknowthatboth

masteryandpleasurearecritical.Andmasteryseemstobe

achievedlargelythroughwork.Inourstudy,allthegroupsof

employedwomenratedsignificantlyhigherinmasterythandid

womenwhowerenotemployed.

Awoman/swell-beingisenhancedwhenshetakeson

multipleroles.Atleastbymiddleadulthood,thewomenwho

wereinvolvedinacombinationofroles一marriages,motherhood,

andemploymentwerethehighestinwell-being,despite

warningsaboutstressandstrain.

D53.Itcanbeinferredfromthefirstparagraphthat.

A)forwomen,asenseof"mastery“ismoreimportant

thanasenseof"pleasure”

B)forwomen,asenseof"pleasure"ismoreimportant

thanasenseof"mastery”

C)womencan'thaveasenseof“mastery"andasense

of“pleasure“atthesametime

D)asenseof"mastery“andasenseof“pleasure”are

bothindispensabletowomen

B54.Theauthor*sattitudetowardswomenhavingacareer

is.A)criticalB)positiveC)neutralD)realistic

D55.Onecanconcludefromthepassagethatifawoman

takesonseveralsocialroles,.

A)itwillbeeasierforhertoovercomestressandstrain

B)shewillbemoresuccessfulinhercareer

C)herchancesofgettingpromotedwillbegreater

D)herlifewillbericherandmoremeaningful

A56.Whichofthefollowingcanbeidentifiedasasourceof

“pleasure"forwomen?

A)Familylife.

B)Regularemployment.

C)Multiplerolesinsociety.

D)Freedomfromanxiety.

C57.Themostappropriatetitleforthepassagewouldbe

A)TheWell-beingofCareerWomen

B)SourcesofMasteryandPleasure

C)TwoAspectsofWomen'sWell-being

D)FreedomRolesWomeninSociety

案例分析范围：

giftgiving,ethnicentrism,selfreliance,politeinvitation,

attitudetowardcompliment,democracy,都在课件上或者课本上

出现过。红皮书只要看UNIT3,4,5,8,10

案例分析只要答到点子上就给分，所以把几个维度判断出来就行

了

跨文化单选题

1.ThefollowingarethefeaturesofPolychronictimesystem

EXCEPT

A.Domanythingsatatime

B.Arecommittedtopeopleandhumanrelationship

C.Beconcernedaboutnotdisturbingothers

D.Basepromptnessontherelationship

2,Thefollowingarethefeaturesofmonochronictimesystem

EXCEPT

A.doonethingatatime

B.concentrateonthejob.

C.strongtendencytobuildlifetimerelationships

0.emphasizepromptness

3.WhichofthefollowingdoesNOTbelongtothecategory

ofconcepts?

A.rightorwrong

B.Godandman

C.ethics

0.antibiotics

4.Whichofthefollowingisanappropriatedescriptionof

EuropeanAmericanworldviewaboutthenatureoftime?

A.past-oriented

B.Present-oriented

C.nature-oriented

D.future-oriented

5.Whichofthefollowingisthemostappropriatedescription

forChinesewayofexpression?

A.explicit

B.unambiguous

C.direct

0.implicit

6.Thestudyofpragmaticsfocuseson.

A.howlanguageisactuallyused

B.Thestudyoftherelationshipbetweenwordsandwhatthey

standfororrepresent.

C.Themeaningofwords

D.therelationshipforwordstooneanother

7.1nadditiontocognitive,whatisconveyedthrough

communication?

A.affectivecontent

B.bodylanguage

C.paralanguage

0.environmentlanguage

8.Whatisconnotativemeaningofaword?

A.publicandobjectivemeaning

B.emotional