福建省莆田市城厢区五校2024-2025学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1福建省莆田市城厢区五校2024-2025学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AFindYourNextAdventure:ChangbaiMountainTouristResort,JilinProvinceAreyoutiredofyourbusyscheduleandlookingforaplacetorelax?Hereisanational-leveltouristdestinationperfectforyourholiday.Now,beginyournewadventure!Thisappealingsiteoffersfeaturesrangingfromhistoricalandenvironmentalsignificancetocleanlakesandvariouswildanimals,frombeautifulresourcestocolorfulthemezones—itallawaitsyourdiscovery.LocatedinthesoutheastofJinlinprovince,China,ChangbaiMountainisanational5A-leveltouristresortandoneofthe10mostfamousmountainsinChina,whichhasrichnaturalresources,including2,596kindsofwildplantsand2,442kindsofwildcreatures.Whenvisitorsclimbthismountain,theymaygetachancetoseeManchuriantiger,thekingofanimals:Meanwhile,ChangbaiMountainisfamousasavolcanoinmodernChina,butitslasteruption(爆发)wasmorethan300yearsagoin1702.ItisalsotheheadstreamoftheSonghuaRiver,TumenRiverandYaluRiver.ChangbaiMountaingivesdifferentcolorsinthefourseasonsoftheyear.Itisanamazingchoicefortouriststoadmirenaturalbeauty!OpeningTime:6:00a.m.—4:00p.m.(NorthGate);6:00a.m.-3:00p.m.(WestGate).TicketPrice:Adult,120yuan(fullprice);Senior(age65+)andChildunderfivegofreeanddonotneedaticket.Discount:Thedisabled,soldiers,teachers,andstudentsenjoyhalfprice.Address:Chibeidistrict,Antutown,YanbianKoreanautonomousprefecture(自治州).Airport:ChangbaishanAirport.1.WhatcanweknowaboutChangbaiMountain?A.ItisregardedasthetallestmountaininChina. B.Ithastheworld’slargesttigerpopulation.C.Itisfamousasanactivevolcano. D.Itisthesourceofthreemajorrivers.2.Howmuchshouldtwomiddleschoolstudentsandamanaged63payfortheirtickets?A.120yuan. B.240yuan. C.300yuan. D.360yuan.3.Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?A.Atravelbrochure. B.Abookreview. C.Anofficialreport. D.Ananimalposter.【答案】1.D2.B3.A【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了长白山旅游度假区的相关信息，包括其位置、自然资源、开放时间、票价、地址和机场等信息。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“ItisalsotheheadstreamoftheSonghuaRiver,TumenRiverandYaluRiver.(它也是松花江、图们江、鸭绿江的源头)”可知，长白山是三条主要河流的源头。故选D。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据倒数第四段“TicketPrice:Adult,120yuan(fullprice);Senior(age65+)andChildunderfivegofreeanddonotneedaticket.(票价：成人120元（全价）；老人（65岁以上）和5岁以下儿童免费，不需要门票)”以及倒数第三段“Discount:Thedisabled,soldiers,teachers,andstudentsenjoyhalfprice.(优惠：残疾人、军人、教师、学生享受半价优惠)”可知，两个中学生和一个63岁的老人应该付60+60+120=240。故选B。【3题详析】推理判断题。根据标题“FindYourNextAdventure:ChangbaiMountainTouristResort,JilinProvince(寻找你的下一个冒险：吉林省长白山旅游度假区)”结合文章主要介绍了长白山旅游度假区的相关信息，包括其位置、自然资源、开放时间、票价、地址和机场等信息。由此推知，文章可能选自一本旅行手册。故选A。BOpinionsdifferonthequestionofwhetheritisbettertoliveinthecityorinthecountryside.However,duetotherapidupwardtrendinhousepricesincities,peopleareincreasinglychoosingtomovetoarural(乡村的)area.Reasonenoughtotakeacloserlookattheargumentsforlivinginthecityandinthecountry.Livinginthecitycontinuestobeextremelypopular.Theproportionofthepopulationlivinginruralareashasbeenfallingcontinuouslysincethemiddleofthe19thcenturywhichwasmarkedbyindustrialization(工业化).Moreandmorepeoplemovedtothecitiestofindwork.Infrastructureisoneofthebiggestadvantagesofcities.Awell-developednetworkofpublictransportationoftenmakesthatacarisnotabsolutelynecessary.Inthecountryside,ontheotherhand,youalmostalwaysneedacartobeflexible(灵活的).Relatedtoinfrastructure,mobilityisalsoanargumentforlivinginthecity.Veryoften,ruralregionsarenotoronlyconnectedtotherailnetworkandalsodonothaveanadequatebussystem.Inthecities,thereisawiderangeofentertainingoptions,fromculturalopportunitiesandotherclubs.Thelatter,however,areincreasinglyfoundinthecountrysideaswell.Inaddition,ruralareasoffermanyoptionsforoutdooractivities.Theexpansionofdigitalnetworksisstillinitsbeginningsinsomeruralregions.Here,thecityclearlyhasthebetteroffer.However,thisissettochange,andvariousresearchprojectsandplanstoexpanddigitalnetworksareintendedtopromotetheconnectionofruralresidentialareas.4.Whatisthefunctionofthefirstparagraph?A.Tointroducethemaintopic.B.Toraisereaders’interest.C.Toputforwardareason.D.Topresentdifferentopinions.5.Whatresultedinthegrowthofthepopulationincities?A.Colorfuloutdooractivities.B.Lowhousingprices.C.Morejobopportunities.D.Strongculturalatmosphere.6.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardslifeinthecountryside?A.Uncaring. B.Optimistic. C.Doubtful. D.Grateful.7.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Themeansoftransportationinthecity.B.Thesimilaritiesbetweendifferentcultures.C.Theadvantagesoflivinginthecountryside.D.Thedifferentviewsonlivinginthecityortheruralarea.【答案】4.A5.C6.B7.D【语篇解读】本文是篇议论文。在城市生活好还是在农村生活好？文章就这一话题，对生活在城市和农村的优缺点分别进行了阐述和讨论。【4题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“Reasonenoughtotakeacloserlookattheargumentsforlivinginthecityandinthecountry.”（理由足以让我们仔细看看是住在城市还是住在乡村）可知，第一段提出了住在城市还是住在农村都是有一定理由的；而第二、三、四段主要是描述了住在城市或农村各自的利弊，是对住在城市或农村选择的解释说明，所以第一段是为了引出主要话题的。故选A。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Theproportionofthepopulationlivinginruralareashasbeenfallingcontinuouslysincethemiddleofthe19thcenturywhichwasmarkedbyindustrialization(工业化).Moreandmorepeoplemovedtothecitiestofindwork.”（生活在农村地区的人口比例自19世纪中叶以工业化为标志以来一直在下降，越来越多的人到城市去找工作。）可知，自工业化以来，城市的就业机会增多，越来越多的人到城市去找工作，导致了农村人口的减少和城市人口的增长。故选C。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段“Thelatter,however,areincreasinglyfoundinthecountrysideaswell.Inaddition,ruralareasoffermanyoptionsforoutdooractivities.”（然而，后者也越来越多地出现在农村。此外，农村地区还提供了许多户外活动的选择。）和最后一段“However,thisissettochange,andvariousresearchprojectsandplanstoexpanddigitalnetworksareintendedtopromotetheconnectionofruralresidentialareas.”（然而，这种情况将会改变，各种研究项目和扩大数字网络的计划都旨在促进农村居民区的连接。）可知，作者认为虽然农村生活目前还有一些不便，但今后会逐渐改变，作者对此是持乐观态度的。故选B。【7题详析】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Opinionsdifferonthequestionofwhetheritisbettertoliveinthecityorinthecountryside.”（关于住在城市好还是住在农村好这个问题，人们意见不一。）及全文内容可知，本文主要讨论了人们对于住在城市还是农村所持有的不同观点。故选D。CMydadpassedawaypeacefullyathomeyesterday,surroundedbyhisfamily.Wearefeelinggriefbutalsogratitude.Mydad’spassingwasnotunexpected-hewas94andhishealthhadbeenfailing-sowehaveallhadalongtimetoreflectonjusthowluckywearetohavehadthisamazingmaninourlivesforsomanyyears.Mydadhadagreatinfluenceonmydrive.WhenIwasakid,heneverletmeputverylittleeffortintothingsIwasgoodat,andhealwayspushedmetotrythingsIhated.Hemodeledanamazingworkethic（道德准则）asoneofthehardest-workingandmostrespectedlawyersinSeattle.Mydad'sinfluenceonourphilanthropy（慈善行为）wasjustbig.Throughoutmychildhood,heandmymomtaughtmebyexamplewhatgenerositylookedlikeinhowtheyusedtheirtimeandresources.TheBill&MelindaGatesFoundationwouldnotbewhatitistodaywithoutmydad.Morethananyoneelse,heshapedthevaluesofthefoundation.Finally,mydadhadapositiveinfluenceonmymostimportantroles-husbandandfather.WhenIamatmybest,IknowitisbecauseofwhatIlearnedfrommydadaboutrespectingwomenandguidingchildren'schoiceswithloveandrespect.Dadwrotemealetteronmy50thbirthday.“Overtime,”hewrote,“Ihavetoldyouandothersnottooverusetheadjectiveincredible.Thisisawordwithhugemeaningtobeusedonlyinextraordinarysettings.WhatIwanttosay,here,issimplythattheexperienceofbeingyourfatherhasbeen…incredible.”Iknowhewouldnotwantmetooverusetheword,butthereisnodangerofdoingthatnow.TheexperienceofbeingthesonofBillGateswasINCREDIBLE.PeopleusedtoaskmydadifhewastherealBillGates.Thetruthis,hewaseverythingItrytobe.Iwillmisshimeveryday.8.Theunderlinedpart“mydrive”inparagraph3refersto________.A.myattitudetowealth B.myinterestinwhatisroundC.mychoiceofwork D.myefforttosomething9.Basedonthetext,whichwordcanbeusedtodescribetheauthor'sfather?A.Honest. B.Creative. C.Generous D.Confident.10.Attheendofthetexttheauthorimpliesthat________.A.heregardedhisfatherashisrolemodelB.hisfatherdevelopedastrictparentingstyleC.peopleannoyedhimbyaskingwhotherealBillGateswas.D.thefamilywerenotallowedtousetheadjective“incredible”11.Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthetext?A.TorememberhisbelovedfatherB.Toinformpeopleofhisfather’sdeath.C.Toreflectonhisrelationshipwithhisfather.D.Toexplainhowhisfathergotonwiththefamily.【答案】8.D9.C10.A11.A【语篇解读】这是一篇夹叙夹议类的文章。本文是比尔盖茨缅怀自己的父亲写下的文章。文中描写了父亲一生的成就，对子女的教育和影响。【8题详析】词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“WhenIwasakid,heneverletmeputverylittleeffortintothingsIwasgoodat,andhealwayspushedmetotrythingsIhated.Hemodeledanamazingworkethic(道德准则)asoneofthehardest-workingandmostrespectedlawyersinSeattle.（当我还是个孩子的时候，他绝不会让我仅仅在自己擅长的领域浅尝辄止，他老是逼着我干我不爱干的事儿。他树立了了不起的道德榜样。他是西雅图地区工作最勤奋，最受人尊敬的律师）”可知，当作者还是个孩子的时候，作者的父亲从不让作者在擅长的事情上付出一点点努力，他总是推动作者去尝试自己讨厌的事情。他是西雅图工作最努力、最受尊敬的律师之一，树立了令人惊叹的职业道德。由此可知，作者的父亲以身作则，为作者树立了努力工作的榜样，并且推动作者努力去完成作者不喜欢的事情。在作者努力做事上给予了极大影响，故划线词与D项意思相近。故选D项。【9题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Throughoutmychildhood,heandmymomtaughtmebyexamplewhatgenerositylookedlikeinhowtheyusedtheirtimeandresources.TheBill&MelindaGatesFoundationwouldnotbewhatitistodaywithoutmydad.（在我整个童年时光，他和我妈用自己实际行动，用他们的时间和资源，告诉我们乐善好施应该是什么样的。如果没有我的父亲，就没有比尔梅林达·盖茨基金会的今天）”可知，作者的父亲和母亲为比尔梅琳达盖茨基金会做出了巨大贡献。从他们身上,作者明白了“慷慨”的概念。由此可知，作者的父亲致力于慈善事业，非常慷慨。故选C项。【10题详析】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中“PeopleusedtoaskmydadifhewastherealBillGates.Thetruthis,hewaseverythingItrytobe.（人们曾经问我爸爸他是不是真的比尔·盖茨。事实是，他是我想成为的那种人）”可知，作者想成为父亲那样的人。由此推知，作者的父亲是作者的榜样，所以作者也想成为像他那样的人。故选A项。【11题详析】推理判断题。文章第一段作者提到自己的父亲昨天去世了。从第二段开始，作者开始回忆父亲对自己各方面的影响，叙述父亲一生的所作所为和成就。最后一段作者提到自己也想成为像父亲那样的人。很明显，作者通过这篇文章，来纪念深爱的父亲。故选A项。DWhenmysonwasalittlechild,helikedtoruninourdrivewayuntilhefell.Hewouldthenturntometoseeifhewashurt.Ifmyfaceshowedworry,hewouldburstoutcrying.IfImaintainedcalmness,hewouldbrushhimselfoffandgetbacktorunning.LearningthatIcouldsopowerfullyinfluencehismentalstatewasarevelation(启示).Herewasthishumanbeingwhowascountingonmetomakesenseoftheworld—notjusthowtotiehisshoesorrecitetheABCs,buthowtofeel.I’vespentthepast30yearsworkinginschools,andI’vewatchedthousandsofparentsengagewitheducatorsandwiththeirchildren.Toooften,Iwatchparentsoverfunctioning—takingawaytheirkids’confidencethatcomesfromstrugglingandpersevering,andexhaustingthemselvesintheprocess.We’rebiologicallywiredtopreventourchildren’ssuffering.Aparent’sfirstresponseisoftentoremoveobstacles(障碍)fromtheirchild’spath.Thisurgehasledtopop-culturebeliefaroundpushyparentingstyles,includingthe“HelicopterParent,”whofliesintorescueachildincrisis,andthe“SnowplowParent,”whoflattensanyobstacleintheirchild’sway.Inthe1960s,thepsychologistDianaBaumrinddescribedthreeparentingstyles,whichresearcherseventuallyexpandedtofour:authoritarian,permissive,uninvolved,andauthoritative.Authoritarianparentsmakealldecisionsfortheirchildrenwithlittleroomfornegotiation.Permissiveparentsavoidconflictbysettingfewboundaries.Uninvolvedparentsaredisconnected,providingminimalsupport.Authoritativeparentsallowforsomeflexibility,combiningclearexpectationswiththewillingnesstolisten.Authoritativeparentscanbereferredtoas“LighthouseParents”.Likealighthousethathelpssailorsavoidcrashingintorocks,“LighthouseParents”providefirmboundariesandemotionalsupportwhileallowingtheirchildrenthefreedomtodealwiththeirownchallenges.Theydemonstratethattheytrusttheirkidstohandledifficultsituationsindependently.Allparentsshowupasauthoritarian,permissive,uninvolved,orauthoritativeatdifferenttimes,dependingonthesituation.Butrememberingtoputparentinginperspective,focusingonlong-termoutcomesovershort-termsaves,canreducesomeofthestressofparentingwhilealsoproducingbetteroutcomesforchildren.12.Whydoestheauthormentionhisson’sfallinparagraph1?A.Toemphasizethepainchildrensufferintheirgrowth.B.Tohighlighttheimportanceofparents’emotionalstability.C.Toshowtheinfluenceparents’responseshaveonchildren.D.Toillustratechildren’sabilitytohandleproblemsindependently.13.Whatisapossibleresultofoverfunctioningaccordingtoparagraph2?A.Parents’anxietyandexhaustion.B.Children’sstrugglingandpersevering.C.Children’sdisappointmentwiththeirparents.D.Parents’lackofconfidenceinsolvingproblems.14.Whatdo“LighthouseParents”tendtodointheirparenting?A.Removeobstaclesfromtheirchildren’spath.B.Providetheirchildrenwithsupportandtrust.C.Avoidparticipatingintheirchildren’smatters.D.Makedecisionsfortheirchildrenwithoutnegotiation.15.Whichofthefollowingmaytheauthoragreewith?A.Parentsshouldlearntoletgoifnecessary.B.Beingaparentcomesataconsiderablecost.C.Parentsneedprioritizechildren’shappiness.D.Everyparentingstyleisadouble-edgedweapon.【答案】12.C13.A14.B15.A【语篇解读】这是第一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要介绍几种常见的育儿方式并强调了要正确看待育儿的重要性，应关注长期结果且并在一定程度上允许孩子独立应对挑战。【12题详析】推理判断题。由文章第一段“Whenmysonwasalittlechild,helikedtoruninourdrivewayuntilhefell.Hewouldthenturntometoseeifhewashurt.Ifmyfaceshowedworry,hewouldburstoutcrying.IfImaintainedcalmness,hewouldbrushhimselfoffandgetbacktorunning.LearningthatIcouldsopowerfullyinfluencehismentalstatewasarevelation(启示).Herewasthishumanbeingwhowascountingonmetomakesenseoftheworld—notjusthowtotiehisshoesorrecitetheABCs,buthowtofeel.(当我儿子还是个小孩子的时候，他喜欢在我们的车道上跑，直到摔倒。然后他会转向我，看看他是否受伤了。如果我脸上流露出担忧，他就会放声大哭。如果我保持冷静，他就会把自己掸掉，重新开始跑步。得知我能如此有力地影响他的精神状态，这是一个启示。这个人指望我来理解这个世界——不仅仅是如何系鞋带或背诵ABC，还有如何去感受。)”可知，作者在第一段中提到了儿子的摔倒，以表明父母的反应对孩子的影响。故选C项。【13题详析】推理判断题。由文章第二段“Toooften,Iwatchparentsoverfunctioning—takingawaytheirkids’confidencethatcomesfromstrugglingandpersevering,andexhaustingthemselvesintheprocess.We’rebiologicallywiredtopreventourchildren’ssuffering.(我经常看到父母过度运作，剥夺了孩子从挣扎和坚持中获得的信心，并在这个过程中让自己筋疲力尽。我们天生就有防止孩子受苦的能力。)”可推测，过度运作的一个可能结果是让父母焦虑和疲惫。故选A项。【14题详析】细节理解题。由文章第三段“Likealighthousethathelpssailorsavoidcrashingintorocks,‘LighthouseParents’providefirmboundariesandemotionalsupportwhileallowingtheirchildrenthefreedomtodealwiththeirownchallenges.(就像帮助水手避免撞上岩石的灯塔一样，‘灯塔父母’提供了坚定的界限和情感支持，同时允许他们的孩子自由地应对自己的挑战。)”可知，“灯塔父母”倾向于为孩子提供育儿方面的支持和信任。故选B项。【15题详析】推理判断题。由文章第二段“Iwatchparentsoverfunctioning—takingawaytheirkids’confidencethatcomesfromstrugglingandpersevering,andexhaustingthemselvesintheprocess.We’rebiologicallywiredtopreventourchildren’ssuffering.Aparent’sfirstresponseisoftentoremoveobstacles(障碍)fromtheirchild’spath.Thisurgehasledtopop-culturebeliefaroundpushyparentingstyles,includingthe‘HelicopterParent,’whofliesintorescueachildincrisis,andthe‘SnowplowParent,’whoflattensanyobstacleintheirchild’sway.(我看到父母过度运作，剥夺了孩子从挣扎和坚持中获得的信心，并在这个过程中让自己筋疲力尽。我们天生就有防止孩子受苦的能力。父母的第一反应通常是消除孩子前进道路上的障碍。这种冲动导致了流行文化对强势育儿方式的信仰，包括‘直升机父母’和‘雪犁父母’，前者乘飞机来营救处于危机中的孩子，后者会平整孩子前进道路上的任何障碍。)”、第三段“Likealighthousethathelpssailorsavoidcrashingintorocks,‘LighthouseParents’providefirmboundariesandemotionalsupportwhileallowingtheirchildrenthefreedomtodealwiththeirownchallenges.(就像帮助水手避免撞上岩石的灯塔一样，‘灯塔父母’提供了坚定的界限和情感支持，同时允许他们的孩子自由地应对自己的挑战。)”和上下文可知，作者可能同意如果必要的话，父母应该学会放手让孩子自由地应对自己的挑战。故选A项。第二节七选五（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HowtoBreakaPhoneAddictionNearlyeveryoneknowsthatitispossibletobecomeaddictedtodigitaldevices.Theaveragesmartphoneusersrarelygotwohourswithoutusingtheirdevice,unlockingtheirphone50ormoretimesaday.____16____.Itisassociatedwithdepressionandanxiety.Ittargetslonelypeople.And26percentofcaraccidentsintheUStodayareduetotheuseofsmartphoneswhiledriving.Butinaworldofelectronicpayments(电子支付),digitaldocumentsandremotework,atrulysmartphone-freelifestyleisbecominglessandlesspractical.____17____.Thisisn’tjustamatterofsettingscreen-timelimitsyoucaneasilybreak.Rather,youcanstarttodevelopspecifichabitstoreplacetheunhealthyonesthatkeepsendingyoubacktoyourphone.Herearethreepracticesyoumightfindeffective.●____18____.Agooddealofdeviceoverusecanbeblamedon(归咎于)itsmindlessness(不用心).Thebestwaytoactagainstmindlesswatchingistobemindful.Settimeseachdayorweektolookatyoursmartphoneandreallyfocusonit.Don’tdoanythingelse;beallaboutthephoneforthoseminutes,asifitwereyourjob.●Turnoffyouralerts(提示信号).Mostaddictionsareassociatedwithdopamine(多巴胺),whichgovernsdesire.Smartphonesincreasedopamine,mainlythroughthesoundsindicatingthatsomeonemessagedormentionedyouandyoumustlookrightnowtosatisfyyourcuriosity.Thesolutionissimple:____19____.●Physicallyseparateyourself.Ifyou’retryingtoeathealthier,acommonpieceofadviceistoavoidhavingjunkfoodinthehouse.____20____.Mypersonalstrategyistochargemyphoneinthekitcheninsteadofthebedroom.It’sahabit,andasaresult,InevermissmyphonewhenIamgoingtosleep.A.Maketimeforwatching.B.Deviceaddictionisharmful.C.Settimelimitsforyourdailyscreenbrowsing.D.Thesameideaappliestothephone.E.Butbreakingphoneaddictionisn’tsohard.F.Abetterwayistomanageaddictivebehaviourthroughproperuse.G.Ifyouhaveasmartphone,turnoffallofthealertsexceptfortheimportantones.【答案】16.B17.F18.A19.G20.D【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些戒掉手机瘾的方法。【16题详析】根据下文“Itisassociatedwithdepressionandanxiety.Ittargetslonelypeople.And26percentofcaraccidentsintheUStodayareduetotheuseofsmartphoneswhiledriving.(它与抑郁和焦虑有关。它针对的是孤独的人。如今，美国26%的车祸是由于开车时使用智能手机造成的。)”可知，本段是在讲述对手机上瘾的危害，所以此空应该引起下文，讲述手机成瘾的危害，选项B“设备成瘾是有害的”符合语境。故选B。【17题详析】根据上文“Butinaworldofelectronicpayments,digitaldocumentsandremotework,atrulysmartphone-freelifestyleisbecominglessandlesspractical.(但在电子支付、电子文件和远程工作的世界里，一种完全没有智能手机的生活方式变得越来越不切实际。)”和下文“Thisisn’tjustamatterofsettingscreen-timelimitsyoucaneasilybreak.Rather,youcanstarttodevelopspecifichabitstoreplacetheunhealthyonesthatkeepsendingyoubacktoyourphone.(这不仅仅是设置屏幕时间限制的问题，你可以很容易地打破这些限制。相反，你可以开始培养特定的习惯，来取代那些让你不断回到手机上的不健康习惯。)”可知，上文提到完全摆脱智能手机的生活越来越不现实，下文则提到了一些具体的方法来摆脱对手机的依赖，所以此空应起到承上启下的作用，说明下文要介绍一些方法，选项F“一个更好的方法是通过正确使用来管理成瘾行为”符合语境。故选F。【18题详析】根据下文“Agooddealofdeviceoverusecanbeblamedon(归咎于)itsmindlessness(不用心).Thebestwaytoactagainstmindlesswatchingistobemindful.Settimeseachdayorweektolookatyoursmartphoneandreallyfocusonit.(设备过度使用的很大一部分可以归咎于它的心不在焉。对抗心不在焉的观看的最好方法就是专心。每天或每周设定时间看手机，并真正专注于它。)”可知，本段主要讲的是要留出专门的时间来看手机，选项A“留出时间来看手机”符合语境。故选A。【19题详析】根据上文“Mostaddictionsareassociatedwithdopamine(多巴胺),whichgovernsdesire.Smartphonesincreasedopamine,mainlythroughthesoundsindicatingthatsomeonemessagedormentionedyouandyoumustlookrightnowtosatisfyyourcuriosity.Thesolutionissimple.(大多数成瘾都与多巴胺有关，多巴胺控制着欲望。智能手机会增加多巴胺，主要是通过声音表明有人给你发信息或提到你，你必须马上查看以满足你的好奇心。解决办法很简单。)”可知，本段主要讲的是要关掉手机的提示音，选项G“如果你有一部智能手机，关闭所有提示信号，除了重要的那些”符合语境。故选G。【20题详析】根据上文“Ifyou’retryingtoeathealthier,acommonpieceofadviceistoavoidhavingjunkfoodinthehouse.(如果你想吃得更健康，一个常见的建议是避免在家里放垃圾食品。)”和下文“Mypersonalstrategyistochargemyphoneinthekitcheninsteadofthebedroom.It’sahabit,andasaresult,InevermissmyphonewhenIamgoingtosleep.(我个人的策略是在厨房而不是卧室给手机充电。这是一种习惯，因此，当我睡觉的时候，我从来不会想念我的手机。)”可知，上文讲的是避免在家里放垃圾食品，以戒掉对垃圾食品的依赖，下文讲的是避免把手机带进卧室，以戒掉对手机的依赖，所以此空应起到承上启下的作用，说明对垃圾食品的做法同样适用于手机，选项D“同样的想法也适用于手机”符合语境。故选D。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，共15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。ThismorningIwasreadingabookoutsidemyfavoritebeachsidecoffeeshopwhenan18-year-oldboysatdownnexttomeandsaid,‘The___21___inyourhandsisgreat,isn’tit?’Iclosedthebookandwestarted___22___.Hetoldmehewasgettingreadyto___23___highschoolnextweekandthenstartedhiscollegelifeinthefall.Buthehadno___24___whathewantedtodowithhislife.Heaskedmemanyquestions,andI___25___themaswellasIcould,tryingtogive___26___advicewiththetimeIhad.Andafterahalf-hourconversation,hethankedmeandwepartedways.ButonmywayhomeIrealizedthe___27___Ihadwiththat18-year-oldboywas___28___quitenostalgic(令人怀念的).Hemademe___29___thetimewhenIwashisage,morethantwentyyearsago.Ihadsomany___30___backthen.So,Istartedthinkingabouthisquestionsagain,andIbeganrememberingallthehelpfullittlethingssomeonetoldme___31___Iwas18.The___32___isthatyou’dbetterdoyourbest,one___33___,notallatonce.Andaboveall,laughwhenyoucan,apologizewhenyoushould,andletgoofwhatyoucan’t___34___wheneverythingdevelops.Lifeisshort,yet___35___.Enjoytheride!21.A.book B.magazine C.radio D.newspaper22.A.reading B.dancing C.chatting D.singing23.A.graduatefrom B.giveup C.getto D.lookfor24.A.right B.idea C.excuse D.money25.A.avoided B.refused C.doubted D.answered26.A.proper B.strict C.humorous D.wrong27.A.competition B.experiment C.argument D.conversation28.A.angrily B.sadly C.actually D.bravely29.A.forget B.remember C.waste D.discuss30.A.chances B.choices C.questions D.challenges31.A.when B.until C.how D.though32.A.reason B.truth C.silence D.cause33.A.ontime B.atatime C.intime D.fromtimetotime34.A.volunteer B.imagine C.change D.cheat35.A.similar B.strange C.difficult D.amazing【答案】21.A22.C23.A24.B25.D26.A27.D28.C29.B30.C31.A32.B33.B34.C35.D【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位成年人在海滩边的咖啡店与一位即将高中毕业的18岁男孩的对话，对话让这位成年人回忆起自己年轻时的经历，并分享了对生活的感悟。【21题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：今天早上，我正在我最喜欢的海边咖啡店外面看书，一个18岁的男孩坐在我旁边说：“你手里的书很棒，是吗？”A.book书；B.magazine杂志；C.radio收音机；D.newspaper报纸。根据上文“ThismorningIwasreadingabookoutsidemyfavoritebeachsidecoffeeshop(今天早上，我在我最喜欢的海滨咖啡店外面看书)”可知，此处是指男孩说作者手里的“书”很棒。故选A项。【22题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：合上书，我们开始聊天。A.reading阅读；B.dancing跳舞；C.chatting聊天；D.singing歌唱。根据上文第1题的分析，上文“Iclosedthebook(我合上书)”和下文“Hetoldme(他告诉我)”“Andafterahalf-hourconversation(聊了半个小时后)”可知，此处是指我们开始“聊天”。故选C项。【23题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：他告诉我他准备下周从高中毕业，然后在秋天开始他的大学生活。A.graduatefrom毕业于；B.giveup放弃；C.getto到达；D.lookfor寻找。根据下文“andthenstartedhiscollegelifeinthefall(然后在秋天开始他的大学生活)”可知，此处是指从高中“毕业”。故选A项。【24题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但他不知道自己一生想做什么。A.right权利；B.idea想法；C.excuse借口；D.money金钱。根据下文“whathewantedtodowithhislife(他一生想做什么)”可知，此处是指他对未来没有明确的“想法”或计划。故选B项。【25题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他问了我很多问题，我尽我所能地回答，试图在有限的时间内给出恰当的建议。A.avoided避免；B.refused拒绝；C.doubted怀疑；D.answered回答。根据上文“Heaskedmemanyquestions(他问了我很多问题)”可知，此处是指作者尽其所能地“回答”。故选D项。【26题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.proper合适的；B.strict严格的；C.humorous幽默的；D.wrong错误的。根据上文第5题的分析可知，作者在与男孩的对话中，尽可能回答了他的问题，并试图给出一些建议。这些建议应该是“合适的”或“恰当的”，以帮助男孩。故选A项。【27题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但在回家的路上，我意识到我和那个18岁男孩的谈话实际上很令人怀念。A.competition竞争；B.experiment实验；C.argument争论；D.conversation交谈。根据上文“Andafterahalf-hourconversation,hethankedmeandwepartedways.(聊了半个小时后，他向我道了谢，然后我们分道扬镳。)”可知，此处是指上文所提到的作者与男孩之间的“谈话”或“交谈”。故选D项。【28题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.angrily生气地；B.sadly悲伤地；C.actually实际上；D.bravely勇敢地。根据空格后“quitenostalgic”可知，此处是指作者和男孩的谈话“实际上”是 令人怀念的。故选C项。【29题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他让我想起了二十多年前我在他这个年纪时的情景。A.forget忘记；B.remember记得、回想起；C.waste浪费；D.discuss讨论。根据下文“whenIwashisage,morethantwentyyearsago.(二十多年前，当我像他这么大的时候)”可知，此处是指“回想起”当年的情景。故选B项。【30题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：那时我有很多问题。A.chances机会；B.choices选择；C.questions问题；D.challenges挑战。根据下文“So,Istartedthinkingabouthisquestionsagain,(所以，我又开始思考他的问题)”可知，此处是指作者那时像男孩一样有很多“问题”。故选C项。【31题详析】考查连词词义辨析。句意：所以，我又开始思考他的问题，我开始回忆起我18岁时别人告诉我的所有有用的小事情。A.when在……时候；B.until直到……时；C.how如何；D.though尽管。根据上文“Ibeganrememberingallthehelpfullittlethingssomeonetoldme(我开始记起别人告诉我的所有有用的小事)”可知，此处需要一个时间状语从句，表示“当我18岁时候”。故选A项。【32题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：事实是，你最好尽力而为，一次只做一件事，而不是一下子都做。A.reason原因；B.truth真相、事实；C.silence寂静；D.cause原因。根据下文“you’dbetterdoyourbest(你最好尽力而为)”可知，本段是作者在给出一些具体建议，所以此处指“事实是”。故选B项。【33题详析】考查介词短语辨析。句意：同上。A.ontime按时；B.atatime每次；C.intime及时；D.fromtimetotime偶尔。根据下文“notallatonce(不是一次全部完成)”可知，此处是指“每次”只做一件事。故选B项。【34题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：最重要的是，能笑的时候就笑，该道歉的时候就道歉，当一切都在发展的时候，放手那些你无法改变的事情。A.volunteer自愿做；B.imagine想象；C.change改变；D.cheat欺骗。根据上文的“letgoof”可知，此处是指放手无法“改变”的事情。故选C项。【35题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：生命短暂，却令人惊奇。A.similar相似的；B.strange奇怪的；C.difficult困难的；D.amazing令人惊奇的。根据下文“Enjoytheride!(享受旅程吧！)”可知，此处是指生命虽短，但“令人惊奇”。故选D项。第二节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Duringmystayinaforeigncountry,Ioftenmissedmyhometownanditsdeliciousfoods.Idreamedofporridge,dumplingsand____36____(noodle)inmyhometown.AfterIreturnedtomyhometown,Iwouldsometimesrecallmyhostmomcooking____37____(taste)foodsinthekitchen.Eachcountryhasitsowncultureand____38____(tradition)cooking.AlthoughWesterncookinghasagreatinfluence____39____theworld,China’slonghistoryandrichculturehavegivenbirthtoaspecialChinesecookingart.Chinesefoodculturefindsitsexcellenceintasteandfragrance(香味),settingitapart____40____thefoodcultureofothercountries.____41____afoodcritichassaid,“ThereisnodoubtthatinthisfieldChinahasshownagreater____42____(creative)thananyothercountries.”Indeed,theChineseareamongthepeoplesoftheworld____43____havebeenveryinterestedinfoodandeating.China’sfoodculturestartedinancienttimesandwithseveralthousandyearsofefforts,Chinesefoodhasbecome____44____(increasing)popular.WhathappenswhenChinesecookingmeetsWesterncooking?Onethingiscertain:botharechanging_____45_____fastthatweoftendon’tnotice.Butit’sgoodtolearnaboutboth.【答案】36.noodles37.tasty38.tradition