福建省泉州某中学2024-2025学年高二下学期开学考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1福建省泉州某中学2024-2025学年高二下学期开学考试英语试题第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ABestVolunteerProgramsfor2024Zimbabwe—VolunteerattheAfricanWildlifeReserveAreyoulookingforameaningfulwaytospendyourvacation?OurAfricanWildlifeReserveinZimbabwecoulduseyourhelp!Countlessdocumentarieshavefeaturedthisprogram.Volunteersworkcloselywithawiderangeofanimals,specializinginthereleaseoftortoises(乌龟),vervetmonkeys,leopards,andsomanymore.Notonlywillyoucareforthebrilliantwildlife,butyouwillalsolearnhowtocollectdataandconductresearch.SriLanka—Women’sEnglishLiteracyandEmpowermentProgramMakethemostoutofyourtravelsbyhelpingmiddletolower-classwomenimprovetheirEnglishskills.Youarehelpingthesewomencreatemorejobopportunitiesandcareerchoices.ThisprogramisonthesouthwestcoastofSriLanka,withinthebeautifulcityofGalle.Thevolunteershaveaccesstowonderfulbeachesandgettoexplorethecharmingcity.Belize—PrivateIslandMarineExperienceFortheultimatemarine(海洋的)protectionvacation,looknofurther!ProtectandexploretheBelizeBarrierReeffromthehome-baseofaprivateisland.Volunteertasksincluderemovinginvasive(侵入的)speciesandcontributingtoawhalesharkdatabase.Thisvolunteerprogramistheleaderofinvasivespecies(lionfish)removalinallBelize!Indonesia—EducationEnrichmentinBaliBecomeavolunteerinoneofIndonesia’smostfamousandpicturesqueislands,Bali.Helpusprovidefreeeducationalenrichmenttochildrenfromlocalcommunities.Afterpublicschoolfinishes,volunteershelpthestudentscompletetheirhomeworkorworkonimprovingtheirEnglish,math,andreadingskills.1.WhomostprobablyprefertoattendAfricanWildlifeReserveprogram?A.Vacationcampers. B.Documentaryproducers.C.Animallovers. D.Adventureexplorers.2.WhatistheaimofthePrivateIslandMarineExperienceprogram?A.Toprotectthesealife. B.Todevelopnewwildlifeparks.C.Todiscovermarineresources. D.Toconductbiologicalresearch.3.WhatdothevolunteersinSriLankaandIndonesiahaveincommon?A.Theyarefromlocalcommunities. B.Theyarebetteratcareerchoices.C.Theyareeagertoexplore. D.TheyarehelpfulinEnglish.【答案】1.C2.A3.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍的是四个独特的国际志愿者项目，包括动物保护、女性赋权、海洋保护及儿童教育，为志愿者提供多样化的选择。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据Zimbabwe—VolunteerattheAfricanWildlifeReserve部分中的“Volunteersworkcloselywithawiderangeofanimals,specializinginthereleaseoftortoises,vervetmonkeys,leopards,andsomanymore.(志愿者们与各种各样的动物紧密合作，专门从事乌龟、长尾黑颚猴、豹子等多种动物的释放工作。)”可知，最有可能倾向于参加非洲野生动物保护区项目的人是动物爱好者。故选C项。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据Belize—PrivateIslandMarineExperience部分中的“ProtectandexploretheBelizeBarrierReeffromthehome-baseofaprivateisland.Volunteertasksincluderemovinginvasivespeciesandcontributingtoawhalesharkdatabase.(从私人岛屿的大本营出发，保护和探索伯利兹堡礁。志愿者的任务包括移除入侵物种并为鲸鲨数据库做贡献。)”可知，志愿者的任务包括移除入侵物种并为鲸鲨数据库做贡献，由此可知，该计划目的是保护海洋生物。故选A项。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据SriLanka—Women’sEnglishLiteracyandEmpowermentProgram部分中的“Makethemostoutofyourtravelsbyhelpingmiddletolower-classwomenimprovetheirEnglishskills.(通过帮助中下层妇女提高英语技能，让你的旅行变得更有意义。)”以及Indonesia—EducationEnrichmentinBali部分中的“Afterpublicschoolfinishes,volunteershelpthestudentscompletetheirhomeworkorworkonimprovingtheirEnglish,math,andreadingskills.(公立学校放学后，志愿者帮助学生完成家庭作业或致力于提高他们的英语、数学和阅读技能。)”可知，在斯里兰卡和印度尼西亚的志愿者共同点在于他们在英语方面是有帮助的。故选D项。BTherearemanykindsofjobsintheworld,andifpeoplecan’tfindtheiridealjob,theycanalwayscreateone.MollyLewisdidjustthatbybecomingaprofessionalwhistler(吹口哨的人).ShaneO’NeillwritesinTheWashingtonPost,“Ifyou’reafamouscomedian,youmaygetthefrightening‘Tellmeajoke!’fromastranger.Ifyouthinkthat’sbad,trybeingaprofessionalwhistler.”“Ithappensallthetime,”saidMollyLewiswithasmile.“SometimesI’lloblige.”Lewisreleasedheralbum,OntheLips,inFebruary,topromotewhistling.“Peopleoftendon'tknowmuchaboutwhistlemusicapartfromsomepopsongs,”Lewissaid.“ButIthinkit'sabeautifulinstrument.”Peoplegraduallynoticewhistlemusic.Shewhistledasinger'sWhatWasIMadeFor?,whichappearedintheBarbiemovie.Lewisaddsdepthtowhistling,whichisusuallyseenascheerfulorabsent-minded.Sheisinspiredbyartistslikethecouple,MartyandElayne.“Theyplayedfor37years,fivenightsaweek,anditwasveryspecial,”Lewissaid.LewislearnedtowhistleatfourbuttookitseriouslyafterseeingPuckerUp,a2005documentaryaboutcompetitivewhistling.SheattendedtheInternationalWhistlersConventionin2012andhasperformedinmusicclubssincethen.Startingin2017,LewisperformedshowscalledCafeMollyatZebulon,attractingmanynotablefigures.Ontour,sheaimstocreateanatmosphereofelegance,anatmosphereshehopestobringhomewithOntheLips.4.Whichcanexplaintheunderlinedword“oblige”inparagraph2?A.Accept. B.Decline. C.Promise. D.Ignore.5.WhatdidLewisintendtodowithheralbum?A.Stresstheroleofwhistling. B.Getwhistlingrecognized.C.Givecreditforamovie. D.Attractyoungsters'attention.6.WhatdidLewisthinkofMartyandElayne?A.Theyareexcited. B.Theyarefrightened.C.Theyarestressed. D.Theyarecommitted.7.HowdidPuckerUpaffectLewis?A.Itgavehereasyaccesstomusicclubs. B.Itearnedherinternationalreputation.C.Itdeepenedherdevotiontowhistling. D.Itrecognizedhertalentasawhistler.【答案】4.A5.B6.D7.C【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了MollyLewis通过推广口哨音乐，让更多人认识到口哨的美妙，并成为职业吹口哨者的故事。【4题详析】词句猜测题。根据第二段中的“Ifyou’reafamouscomedian,youmaygetthefrightening‘Tellmeajoke!’fromastranger.Ifyouthinkthat’sbad,trybeingaprofessionalwhistler.(如果你是一名喜剧演员，在某个时候，你会从一个陌生人那里得到可怕的‘给我讲个笑话!’。如果你认为这很糟糕，试着做一名专业的吹口哨者。)”可知，有时候喜剧演员被陌生人要求讲个笑话，可能会感觉很糟糕，而如果做名专业的吹口哨者则不会有这种糟糕的体验，由此可推测出，“‘Ithappensallthetime,’saidMollyLewiswithasmile.‘SometimesI’lloblige.’(‘这种事经常发生，’MollyLewis笑着说。‘有时候我会oblige。’)”表示的是作为吹口哨者她总会被要求吹个口哨，而她有时候会答应请求，所以猜测oblige表“同意，接受”的意思。故选A项。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“Lewisreleasedheralbum,OntheLips,inFebruary,topromotewhistling.(Lewis于2月发行了她的专辑《OntheLips》，以推广吹口哨。)”可知，她发行这张专辑是为了推广口哨音乐，让更多人认识到口哨音乐的美妙。故选B项。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据第五段第三句“Theyplayedfor37years,fivenightsaweek,anditwasveryspecial(他们练习了37年，每周练习五个晚上，这很特别)”可知，MollyLewis认为这对夫妇非常投入和敬业。故选D项。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“LewislearnedtowhistleatfourbuttookitseriouslyafterseeingPuckerUp,a2005documentaryaboutcompetitivewhistling.SheattendedtheInternationalWhistlersConventionin2012andhasperformedinmusicclubssincethen.(Lewis在四岁时学会了吹口哨，但在观看了2005年关于竞技吹口哨的纪录片《PuckerUp》后，他认真对待了这件事。她于2012年参加了国际惠斯勒大会，此后一直在音乐俱乐部演出。)”可知，这部纪录片让她开始认真对待吹口哨，更加投入其中。故选C项。CPatagoniaisapartofSouthAmerica,flatandtreeless.Itsclimateiscoldanddry.Therearemoresheepthanpeopleacrosstheland.ButsomeexcitingfindshavemadePatagoniaahotandwell-knownplace.Thebonesofthelargestdinosaursandahugenestofdinosaureggswerefoundthere.Patagoniawasnotalwayssuchanemptyandboringplace.Around90millionyearsago,itwaswarm.Itgotplentyofrain.Thisclimatewasperfectformanykindsofplantsandanimals.Therewereforestsoftalltrees.Itwasagreatplaceforplant-eatingdinosaurs.EventhehugestplanteaterscouldfindplentytoeatThethreelargestdinosaurskeletonsintheworldareplanteatersfromPatagonia.Noneoftheskeletonsiscomplete.Butscientistshaveenoughbonesfromthesebiganimalstopicturewhattheylookedlike.Allofthemhadlongnecksandtails,theirsizewastrulyamazing,from105to131feetlong.Theyallwalkedonfourfeet.Patagoniaisalsotheplacewheretheskeletonofthelargestmeat-eatingdinosaurwasdiscovered.Thismeateaterwasabouthalfaslongasthebiggestplanteaters.However,itsbigandsharpteethmadeitapowerfulkiller.Sofar,Patagonia’scoolestdiscoveryisn’tskeletonsbutahugedinosaurhatching(孵化)ground.Therewerethousandsofdinosaureggsintheground!Scientistshavelearnedalotfromstudyingtheseeggs.Theywerelaidabout80millionyearsago.Iftheyhadhatched,thedinosaurbabieswouldhavebeenabout1.25feetlong.Whenfull-grown,theywouldhavebeen45feetlong.Theseexcitingdinosaurfindsinspirepeople’sinterestinPatagonia.Nowdinosaurscientistsfromaroundtheworldarehardatworkthere.Eachonehopestomakeagreatfind.Anotheramazingdinosaurdiscoverymaybejustaroundthecorner.8.WhatmadePatagoniaafamousplace?A.Thefinds. B.Thehistory. C.Theclimate. D.Theforests.9.WhatwasPatagonialike90millionyearsago?A.Itseldomrainedthere. B.Itwasverycoldthere.C.Fewanimalslivedthere. D.Talltreesgrewthere.10.WhatisthecoolestdiscoveryinPatagonia?A.Dinosaurbabies. B.Thehatchingground.C.Dinosaurskeletons. D.Thedeadlymeateaters.11.Whatcouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.WhereDinosaursLaidEggs. B.HowDinosaursWereFound.C.WhereDinosaursOnceLived. D.HowDinosaursDisappeared.【答案】8.A9.D10.B11.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了巴塔哥尼亚地区从一个寒冷干燥的地方变成因恐龙化石发现而闻名的热点地区的过程。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“ButsomeexcitingfindshavemadePatagoniaahotandwell-knownplace.Thebonesofthelargestdinosaursandahugenestofdinosaureggswerefoundthere.(但一些令人兴奋的发现使巴塔哥尼亚成为一个热门且知名的地方。在那里发现了最大的恐龙骨骼和一大窝恐龙蛋。)”可知，是这些恐龙化石的发现使巴塔哥尼亚变得著名。故选A。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Around90millionyearsago,itwaswarm.Itgotplentyofrain.Thisclimatewasperfectformanykindsofplantsandanimals.Therewereforestsoftalltrees.Itwasagreatplaceforplant-eatingdinosaurs.Eventhehugestplanteaterscouldfindplentytoeat.(大约9000万年前，那里气候温暖，雨水充沛。这种气候非常适合各种植物和动物。那里有高大的森林。对植食性恐龙来说，这是一个绝佳的栖息地。即使是最大的植食性恐龙也能找到充足的食物。)”可知，9000万年前的巴塔哥尼亚气候温暖多雨，有很多高大的树木。故选D。【10题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第五段“Sofar,Patagonia’scoolestdiscoveryisn’tskeletonsbutahugedinosaurhatchingground.Therewerethousandsofdinosaureggsintheground!(到目前为止，巴塔哥尼亚最酷的发现不是骨骼，而是一个巨大的恐龙孵化地。地下有成千上万的恐龙蛋。)”可知，最酷的发现是恐龙孵化地。故选B。【11题详析】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“PatagoniaisapartofSouthAmerica,flatandtreeless.Itsclimateiscoldanddry.Therearemoresheepthanpeopleacrosstheland.ButsomeexcitingfindshavemadePatagoniaahotandwell-knownplace.Thebonesofthelargestdinosaursandahugenestofdinosaureggswerefoundthere.(巴塔哥尼亚是南美洲的一部分，地势平坦，没有树木。它的气候寒冷干燥。这片土地上的羊比人还多。但一些令人兴奋的发现使巴塔哥尼亚成为一个热门且知名的地方。在那里发现了最大的恐龙骨骼和一大窝恐龙蛋。)”以及第四段“Patagoniaisalsotheplacewheretheskeletonofthelargestmeat-eatingdinosaurwasdiscovered.Thismeateaterwasabouthalfaslongasthebiggestplanteaters.(巴塔哥尼亚也是发现最大肉食性恐龙骨骼的地方。这种肉食性恐龙的长度约为最大植食性恐龙的一半。)”可知，主要介绍了巴塔哥尼亚地区因发现恐龙化石而变得著名，这些化石揭示了恐龙曾经生活在这里的证据。因此，最佳标题是“WhereDinosaursOnceLived(恐龙曾经生活的地方。)”。故选C。DImagineabusyrestaurant:dishesclattering,musicplaying,peopletalkingloudlyoveroneanother.It’sawonderthatanyoneinthatkindofenvironmentcanfocusenoughtohaveaconversation.AnewstudybyresearchersatBrownUniversity’sCarneyInstituteforBrainScienceprovidessomeofthemostdetailedinsightsintothebrainmechanismsthathelppeoplepayattentioninsuchdistraction,aswellaswhat’shappeningwhentheycan’tfocus.Inanearlierpsychologystudy,theresearchersestablishedthatpeoplecanseparatelycontrolhowmuchtheyfocus(byenhancingrelevantinformation)andhowmuchtheyfilter(bytuningoutdistraction).Theteam’snewresearch,publishedinNatureHumanBehavior,showstheprocessbywhichthebraincombinesthesetwocriticalfunctions.Toconductthestudy,RitzadministeredacognitivetasktoparticipantswhilemeasuringtheirbrainactivityinanFMRI(FunctionalMagneticResonanceImaging)machine.Participantssawamassofgreenandpurpledotsmovingleftandright,likeaswarmoffireflies.Thetasks,whichvariedindifficulty,involveddistinguishingbetweenthemovementandcolorsofthedots.Forexample,participantsinoneexercisewereinstructedtoselectwhichcolorwasinthemajorityfortherapidlymovingdotswhentherateofpurpletogreenwasalmost50/50.Ritzandhisco-writerShenhavthencomparedtheprocesstohowhumansharmonizemuscleactivitytoperformcomplexphysicaltasks.“Inthesamewaythatwebringtogethermorethan50musclestoperformaphysicaltasklikeusingchopsticks.Ourstudyfoundthatwecanintegratemultiplevarietiesofconcentrationsinordertoperformactsofmentalflexibility,”saidRitz,whoconductedthestudyasaPhDstudentatBrown.“Thesefindingscanhelpustounderstandhowwehumansareabletoexhibitsuchtremendouscognitiveflexibility—topayattentiontowhatwewant,whenwewantto,”Shenhavsaid.“Theycanalsohelpusbetterunderstandlimitationsonthatflexibility,andhowlimitationsmightappearincertainattention-relateddisorderssuchasADHD(注意力缺陷及多动障碍),whichwewillstudyandconductinthefuture.”12.Whydoestheauthormentionthebusyrestaurantatthebeginningofthetext?A.Toshowoneexampleofworkingenvironment. B.Tocomplainwhypeoplecan’tfocusattention.C.Toencouragepeopletotalkintherestaurant. D.Toshowpeople’sattentionamongdistraction.13.Whatisthethirdparagraphmainlyabout?A.Theresearchresult. B.Theresearchprocess.C.Theresearchquestions. D.Theresearchparticipants.14.Whatdopeopledowhentheyarecarryingoutflexibleacts?A.Theyadjustvariousformsofattention.B.Theybringtogethermorethan50muscles.C.Theypayattentiontothecomplexphysicaltask.D.Theyuseinstrumentslikechopstickstohelpthem.15.AccordingtoShenhav,whatcantheresearchersdointhefuture?A.Ensurecognition. B.Showflexibility. C.Researchdiseases. D.Limitattention.【答案】12.D13.B14.A15.C【语篇解读】本文是篇说明文。文章主要讲述了布朗大学卡尼脑科学研究所为了解帮助人们在分心时集中注意力的大脑机制，以及当他们无法集中注意力时发生了什么所进行的研究。【12题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“AnewstudybyresearchersatBrownUniversity’sCarneyInstituteforBrainScienceprovidessomeofthemostdetailedinsightsintothebrainmechanismsthathelppeoplepayattentioninsuchdistraction,aswellaswhat’shappeningwhentheycan’tfocus.(布朗大学卡尼脑科学研究所的研究人员进行的一项新研究提供了一些最详细的见解，以了解帮助人们在这种分心时集中注意力的大脑机制，以及当他们无法集中注意力时发生了什么)”可知，文章开始提到人们在嘈杂的餐厅能够专注于自己的谈话，而不会分心，是为了显示人们在有干扰的环境中的注意力。故选D。【13题详析】主旨大意题。根据第三段“Toconductthestudy,RitzadministeredacognitivetasktoparticipantswhilemeasuringtheirbrainactivityinanFMRI(FunctionalMagneticResonanceImaging)machine.Participantssawamassofgreenandpurpledotsmovingleftandright,likeaswarmoffireflies.Thetasks,whichvariedindifficulty,involveddistinguishingbetweenthemovementandcolorsofthedots.Forexample,participantsinoneexercisewereinstructedtoselectwhichcolorwasinthemajorityfortherapidlymovingdotswhentherateofpurpletogreenwasalmost50/50.(为了进行这项研究，Ritz对参与者进行了一项认知任务，同时用FMRI（功能性磁共振成像仪）测量他们的大脑活动。参与者看到一团绿色和紫色的圆点左右移动，就像一群萤火虫。这些任务的难度各不相同，包括区分点的运动和颜色。例如，在一项练习中，参与者被要求在紫色到绿色的比率几乎是50%的情况下，选择快速移动的点的大多数颜色)”可知，该段主要介绍了研究的具体过程。故选B。【14题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段“Inthesamewaythatwebringtogethermorethan50musclestoperformaphysicaltasklikeusingchopsticks.Ourstudyfoundthatwecanintegratemultiplevarietiesofconcentrationsinordertoperformactsofmentalflexibility(就像我们把50多块肌肉聚集在一起来完成像使用筷子这样的体力活动一样。我们的研究发现，我们可以将多种不同的注意力集中在一起，以实现精神上的灵活性)”可知，当人们进行灵活性动作时，会调节不同形式的注意力，把它们集中在一起。故选A。【15题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Theycanalsohelpusbetterunderstandlimitationsonthatflexibility,andhowlimitationsmightappearincertainattention-relateddisorderssuchasADHD(注意力缺陷及多动障碍),whichwewillstudyandconductinthefuture.(它们还可以帮助我们更好地理解这种灵活性的局限性，以及局限性如何出现在某些与注意力相关的疾病中，比如多动症，我们将在未来对其进行研究和指导)”可知，Shenhav表明研究者们未来会研究某些与注意力相关的疾病。故选C。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。So,whatdoesittaketobegreat?Ithoroughlyrejectthe“10years,10,000hours”notionthatanyonecanbeanexpertiftheyjustputinenoughtime.___16___Anotherrealitythoughisthatyoucan’tcontrolyourgenes.Ifyoureceivedgoodonesfromyourparentsthankthem.Ifyoudidn’t,don’tblameyourparentsbecausetheydidn’tchoosetheirgeneseither.___17___Inbornabilityiscertainlyawonderfulthingtohavebeengiven,butitisabitoverrated.___18___Whatthismeansisthatyouneedinbornabilitytobegreat,butitisn’tenough.Theworldisfullofgiftedfailures,of“can’tmisskids”whomissed.Talentisonlythestartingpointtogreatnessand,ifyou’refortunateenoughtohavewonthegeneticlottery,itputsyouaheadofthefieldatthebeginningtheracetobegreat.___19___Youhavetoworkhard.pushyourlimits,andstrugglemightilytogettothefinishforanythinginlifeworthpursuinggreatnessin.Ultimately,beinggreatisn’taboutbeingobjectivelygreatbecause,asnotedabove,thechancesthatyouwillachievetruegreatnessinsomeaspectofyourlifeis,statistically,verysmall.___20___Idefinethatasfullyrealizingwhateverabilityyouwerebornwith.Thatinbornabilitymaynotbeenoughtobeasuperstarinyourareaofachievement,but,ifyoudowhatisnecessary,youwillfindareasonablelevelofsuccess.A.Instead,letitgoandfocusonwhatyoucancontrol.B.But,ofcourse,racesaren’twonatthestart,butatthefinishC.Rather,yourgoalshouldbetofindyourownpersonalgreatness.D.Inbornabilityisanecessarybutnotsufficientcontributortogreatness.E.Youmightthinkthatpersonalgreatnessisn’tthesameastruegreatness.F.Therealityisthatgenesmatter,whetherinbornintelligenceorinbornphysicaltalent.G.Theyenjoythestrugglestheyexperiencedandthesatisfactionofovercomingthem.【答案】16.F17.A18.D19.B20.C【语篇解读】这是一篇议论文。文章就怎样才能成为伟大的人发表自己观点，即充分认识到你与生俱来的任何能力，从而找到一个合理的成功水平。【16题详析】由上文“So,whatdoesittaketobegreat?Ithoroughlyrejectthe‘10years,10,000hours’notionthatanyonecanbeanexpertiftheyjustputinenoughtime.(那么，怎样才能成为伟大的人呢？我坚决反对‘10年，10000小时’的观点，即只要投入足够的时间，任何人都可以成为专家。)”可知，作者这里否定只要时间足够就能成为专家，而F项Therealityisthatgenesmatter,whetherinbornintelligenceorinbornphysicaltalent.(事实上，基因很重要，无论是天生的智力还是天生的身体天赋。)符合语境，即提出自己的观点——基因决定能否成为伟人，且Thereality与下文Anotherreality对应，有启下作用。故选F项。【17题详析】由上文“Anotherrealitythoughisthatyoucan’tcontrolyourgenes.Ifyoureceivedgoodonesfromyourparentsthankthem.Ifyoudidn’t,don’tblameyourparentsbecausetheydidn’tchoosetheirgeneseither.(另一个现实是，你无法控制你的基因。如果你得到了父母的好基因，感谢他们。如果你没有，不要责怪你的父母，因为他们也没有选择自己的基因。)”可知，这里讲你无法控制你的基因，而A项Instead,letitgoandfocusonwhatyoucancontrol.(相反，不必追究它，专注于你能控制的事情。)符合语境，其中Instead与上文形成转折，cancontrol也与上文can’tcontrol形成对比。故选A项。【18题详析】由下文“Whatthismeansisthatyouneedinbornabilitytobegreat,butitisn’tenough.(这意味着你需要天生的能力才能变得伟大，但这还不够。)”可知，这里讲天生的能力也并不足够让你变得伟大，而D项Inbornabilityisanecessarybutnotsufficientcontributortogreatness.(天生的能力是伟大的必要因素，但还不够。)符合语境，其中Inbornability与上下文对应，下句也对本句进行了解释说明，所以本句有启下作用。故选D项。【19题详析】由上文“Talentisonlythestartingpointtogreatnessand,ifyou’refortunateenoughtohavewonthegeneticlottery,itputsyouaheadofthefieldatthebeginningtheracetobegreat.(天赋只是伟大的起点，如果你足够幸运地赢得了基因彩票，它会让你在比赛一开始就处于领先地位。)”可知，这里主要讲天赋只是让你起点领先，但不保证终点能领先。而B项But,ofcourse,racesaren’twonatthestart,butatthefinish(但是，当然，比赛不是在开始时获胜，而是在结束时获胜)符合语境，其中atthestart与上文atthebeginning对应，atthefinish与下文gettothefinish对应，所以本句有承上启下作用。故选B项。【20题详析】由下文“Idefinethatasfullyrealizingwhateverabilityyouwerebornwith.Thatinbornabilitymaynotbeenoughtobeasuperstarinyourareaofachievement,but,ifyoudowhatisnecessary,youwillfindareasonablelevelofsuccess.(我将其定义为充分认识到你与生俱来的任何能力。这种与生俱来的能力可能不足以成为你成就领域的超级明星，但如果你做了必要的事情，你会找到一个合理的成功水平。)”可知，这里主要讲充分认识到你与生俱来的任何能力来实现适合你自己的伟大，而C项Rather,yourgoalshouldbetofindyourownpersonalgreatness.(相反，你的目标应该是找到自己的个人伟大之处。)符合语境，其中yourownpersonalgreatness为下文that的指代内容，所以本句有启下作用。故选C项。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。YoumightsayIfoundmarathoning,stepbystep.Orperhapsitfoundme.Iwas____21____anathletegrowingup.Infact,Ihaveahardtime____22____thattermtomyselfeventoday.ItstartedwhenIjoinedagroupofwomeninmyneighborhoodforadailythree-milewalk.Atfirstitwas____23____.Butsoon,mybodyadjustedandIwanted____24____.Beforelong,Iwasrunning5miles.ThenIsetagoaltorunahalfmarathon.AndIdidcompletetheCoveredBridgesHalfMarathon.Ithought,“Nowwhat?”Istartedto____25____amarathon.ItsohappenedthatI____26____ameetingonenightandlistenedtothespeakerandcoach,RickMuhr,andwasso____27____byhiswords.ItoldhimthatIhadsignedupfortheOceanStateMarathon,justaweekaway,andthatIreallydidn’tbelieveIcould____28____.Ricklockedeyeswithmeandsaid,“Trish,you’vedoneenoughtraining.You’llfinish!”Ineverhadsomeone____29____melikethat,letaloneareal,livecoach.Hegavemethe_____30_____Ineeded.Isetouttorunmy_____31_____marathonandcompleteditin4:25:00.LittledidIknowthatthiswouldbethebeginningofnearlyadecadeofmarathonanddistancerunning.Runningamarathonisn’tforeverybody.Butitisforanybody,anybodywhowantsto_____32_____theunreachableandtotakethat_____33_____intotherestoftheirlife.Whenyoucrossthefinishlineyoumayneverhavea_____34_____pictureofwhatyouaremadeofandcapableofaccomplishing.Your_____35_____oftheworldand,moreimportantly,ofyourselfwillforeverbechanged!21.A.always B.rarely C.never D.nearly22.A.applying B.appealing C.adjusting D.committing23.A.rare B.secure C.crucial D.hard24.A.some B.both C.more D.none25.A.report B.consider C.recall D.record26.A.held B.missed C.attended D.advocated27.A.angered B.inspired C.embarrassed D.amused28.A.finish B.participate C.win D.run29.A.callon B.relyon C.carefor D.believein30.A.confidence B.pleasure C.satisfaction D.prospect31.A.last B.first C.only D.second32.A.test B.identify C.imagine D.reach33.A.tendency B.conclusion C.preference D.experience34.A.bigger B.brighter C.clearer D.nicer35.A.view B.proof C.description D.design【答案】21.C22.A23.D24.C25.B26.C27.B28.A29.D30.A31.B32.D33.D34.C35.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者喜欢上马拉松的过程以及这项运动的意义。【21题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我从小到大都不是运动员。A.always总是；B.rarely很少；C.never从不；D.nearly几乎。根据上文“YoumightsayIfoundmarathoning,stepbystep.”和下文“ItstartedwhenIjoinedagroupofwomeninmyneighborhoodforadailythree-milewalk.”可推知，作者成年后才接触马拉松，所以在之前的成长过程中，她并不喜欢运动，不算运动员。故选C项。【22题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实上，即使在今天，我也很难把这个词用在自己身上。A.applying应用；B.appealing呼吁；C.adjusting调整；D.committing承诺。根据下文“thattermtomyself”可推知，作者觉得很难把“运动员”这一专有名词用在自己身上，applysth.tosb.是固定短语，意为“把……应用于…”。故选A项。【23题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一开始很难。A.rare罕见的；B.secure安全的；C.crucial关键性的；D.hard困难的。根据下文“Butsoon,mybodyadjusted”可知，一开始作者的身体没有适应，所以会觉得很难。故选D项。【24题详析】考查代词词义辨析。句意：但很快，我的身体适应了，我想要更多。A.some一些；B.both两者都；C.more更多；D.none一个也没有。根据上文“adailythree-milewalk”和下文“Beforelong,Iwasrunning5miles.”可知，作者由一开始的步行3英里转变到跑步5英里，说明在身体适应后，作者想要进行更多运动。故选C项。【25题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我开始考虑马拉松。A.report报告；B.consider考虑；C.recall回忆；D.record记录。根据上文“AndIdidcompletetheCoveredBridgesHalfMarathon.Ithought,“Nowwhat?””可推知，作者在完成了半程马拉松后开始寻找下一个目标，开始考虑全程的马拉松比赛。故选B项。【26题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天晚上，我碰巧参加了一个会议，听了演讲者兼教练RickMuhr的演讲，他的话让我深受鼓舞。A.held举行；B.missed错过；C.attended参加；D.advocated提倡。根据下文“ameetingonenightandlistenedtothespeakerandcoach”可知，作者参加了一个会议，听了演讲。故选C项。【27题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.angered使愤怒；B.inspired激励；C.embarrassed使尴尬；D.amused使开心。根据下文“ItoldhimthatIhadsignedupfortheOceanStateMarathon,justaweekaway,andthatIreallydidn’tbelieveIcould”可推知，作者深受教练RickMuhr的话的鼓舞，所以才想和他分享自己的担忧，希望得到鼓励。故选B项。【28题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我告诉他，我已经报名参加了一周后的海洋州马拉松比赛，我真的不相信自己能跑完全程。A.finish完成；B.participate参与；C.win赢得；D.run奔跑。根据下文教练RickMuhr鼓舞的话“Trish,you’vedoneenoughtraining.You’llfinish!”可推知，作者怕自己无法完成马拉松比赛。故选A项。【29题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：从来没有人这么信任我，更不用说真正的、活的教练了。A.callon访问；B.relyon依赖；C.carefor照顾；D.believein相信。根据上文教练RickMuhr的话“Trish,you’vedoneenoughtraining.You’llfinish!”可知，教练表达了对作者的信任。故选D项。【30题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他给了我所需要的信心。A.confidence信心；B.pleasure快乐；C.satisfaction满意；D.prospect期望。根据上文“ItoldhimthatIhadsignedupfortheOceanStateMarathon,justaweekaway,andthatIreallydidn’tbelieve”可知，作者对完成马拉松没有信心，所以教练RickMuhr的鼓励给了她信心。故选A项。【31题详析】考查形容词和序数词词义辨析。句意：我开始跑我的第一次马拉松，并以4:25:00完成了它。A.last最后的；B.first第一；C.only唯一的；D.second第二。根据上文“ThenIsetagoaltorunahalfmarathon.AndIdidcompletetheCoveredBridgesHalfMarathon.Ithought,“Nowwhat?”Istartedto________amarathon.”可知，这是作者第一次跑全程马拉松。故选B项。【32题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但它适合任何人，任何想要达到不可企及的境界并将这种经历带入他们的余生的人。A.test测试；B.identify识别；C.imagine想象；D.reach到达。根据上文作者的经历可知，参加马拉松不是件容易的事情，结合句中“theunreachable(不可企及的境界)”可知，作者把完成马拉松比喻成到达不可企及的高点。故选D项。【33题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.tendency趋势；B.conclusion结论；C.preference偏爱；D.experience经历，经验。根据上文“Runningamarathonisn’tforeverybody.Butitisforanybody,anybodywhowantsto________theunreachable”可知作者讲完成马拉松相当于到达不可企及的境界，这是一种经历，一种可以铭记余生的经历。故选D项。【34题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当你跨过终点线时，你可能会对自己的素质和能力有最清晰的认识。A.bigger更大的；B.brighter更明亮的；C.clearer更清晰的；D.nicer更美好的。根据上文“whowantsto________theunreachable”可知，作者把完成马拉松比喻成到达不可企及的境界，结合句中“pictureofwhatyouaremadeofandcapableofaccomplishing”可推知，当冲过终点线时，你就突破了自己，会对自己有最清晰的认识，“否定词+比较级”等于最高级。故选C项。【35题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：你对世界的看法，更重要的是，你对自己的看法将永远改变!A.view看法；B.proof证明；C.description描述；D.design设计。根据上文“Whenyoucrossthefinishlineyoumayneverhavea________pictureofwhatyouaremadeofandcapableofaccomplishing.”可知，跨过马拉松的终点意味着突破极限会对自己有最清晰的认识，所以对世界和自己的看法将永远改变，故选A项。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Stampcollectinghasrecentlyemergedasafreshandinnovativeapproachforyoungpeopletodocumenttheirtravels.Insteadof____36____(mere)takingphotoswithfamouslandmarks,____37____(enthusiast)ofthisnewtrendeagerlyexploreeverycornerofvariousattractions,museums,andshopsduringtheirjourneysinsearch____38____variousstamps.Theyimprintthestamps,usuallywithsingleormulticoloredpicturesofthescenicspotsorimagesoffamouspeopleonpostcardsorintraveljournals,thus____39____(create)auniquememoryoftheirtravels.Freeorpaid,eachstampservesasarepresentationofthevisitor’s____40____(present)atthatspecificlocationanda____41____(treasure)partofthei