福建省厦门市2025届高中毕业班第一次质量检测英语试题

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1福建省厦门市2025届高中毕业班第一次质量检测英语试题第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。A4GlobalArtFairstoSeein2025Theartmarketrisesandfalls,butartfairsareforever.Herearesomefairscomingupin2025.ArtDubai:Dubai,Apr.18-20Foundedin2007,ArtDubaiusuallyfeaturesaround120galleries,some65percentofwhicharefromtheGlobalSouth.Thefairhasasectionfordigitalworks—nottypicalatotherfairs.Thesoloprojectsection,Bawwaba,isworthseeing.ExpoChicago:Chicago,Apr.25-27ExpoChicagowasestablishedin2012.The2024editionhad170galleriesfrom29countriesexhibitingtheirartworks.OneofthosewasClaireOliverGalleryofNewYork,whichhasparticipatedineveryeditionsofar.“Welovethisfair,”ClaireOliversaid.“Thevisitorsareengaged,askgreatquestionsandaretrulycurious.”TokyoGendai:Yokohama,Sept.12-14Asianartfairshavebeengrowingrapidly.Thebiggestregionalplayer,ArtBaselHongKong,wasjoinedbySingapore’sArtSGin2023,thesameyearasthefirsteditionofTokyoGendai.Thefairhad69galleriesshowingcontemporaryartinJuly2024foritssecondedition.“Thefocusisoncutting-edgeandcontemporarywork,”saidTimBlum,whorunsthegalleryBlum.ParisPhoto:Paris,Nov.13-16Heldannually,ParisPhotowillhaveits28theditionin2025.Despitethephotographyfocus,organizerssaythefairhascrossoverappeal.“We’veexpandedtherangeofcollectors—wegetnotonlyphotographypeople,butcontemporaryartcollectors,”saidthefair’sartisticdirector,AnnaPlanas.1.WhatisspecialaboutArtDubai?A.Itsactiveinteraction. B.Itselectronicartworks.C.Itscutting-edgecollections. D.Itsthemeonphotography.2.Whichfairhasthelongesthistory?A.ArtDubai. B.ExpoChicago. C.TokyoGendai. D.ParisPhoto.3.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.Toexplaintheworkofartists. B.Tomakeassessmentsonartmarket.C.Torecommendupcomingartfairs. D.Topredictfuturedevelopmentofart.BAttheParis2024Olympics,sportclimbingfeaturedtwomedaleventsformenandwomen:SpeedandacombinedBoulder&Leadevent.Behindthescenes,thereisacrucialbutoftenunseenfigure—MartinHammerer,headoftheexperiencedteamresponsiblefortheLeadroutes,whohasbeensettingroutesinternationallysince2007.“Theactualdesigntookplaceattheclimbingwall.TheInternationalFederationofSportClimbing(IFSC)pre-selectedthematerial,whichwethenusedtosettheroutes,”HammererexplainedwhenaskedabouthisworkinParis.“Westartedwiththefinals—whichwasthehighlight—andworkedbackwardtothesemi-finals.Aftercompletingaroute,wephotographedit,removedandstoredtheholdsforlateruse.”Thefocusfortheroutesettersistoofferachallengingbutalsofaircompetition.RoutesforthecombinedBoulder&Leadeventwerecarefullydesignedtoensurethatspecialistsinonedisciplinedidn’thaveanunfairadvantage.“Ouraimistoofferabalancedcompetition,”Hammerersaid.“Forthepodiums(领奖台),theathleteshavetobereallystronginbothdisciplines.”Routesettingreliesheavilyontheteam’screativity.Thestylehaschangedoverthepast15years,withtoday’srouteslooserandmoredynamic.“Thematerialsandstructureshavealsochangedgreatly,”Hammerersaid.“Everyseasonweadapttotheathletesanew.”Routesettingusedtobequiteindependentandgreatlyinfluencedclimbingstyle.“Butnow,federationssettrainingroutesforathletes.Whenweseethisonsocialmedia,wegetnewinputforourwork,”Hammererreflected.AsHammereroncesaid,“Climbersevolve,andsomustwe.”Hecontinuestoshapethefutureofclimbing—oneroute,onechallenge,onestoryatatime.4.WhatdoesHammererdo?A.Hecompetesinsportclimbingevents. B.HecoachesathletesfortheOlympics.C.Hedesignsroutesforsportclimbing. D.Hejudgesclimbingcompetitions.5.Whatisparagraph2mainlyabout?A.Thematerialsusedforroutesetting. B.Theprocessofsettingclimbingroutes.C.Thecriteriaforroutesofvariedlevels. D.Thelocationselectedforroutesetting.6.HowdidHammerer’steamachievetheiraim?A.Bybalancinginnovationandadaptation.B.Bystickingtofederations’trainingroutes.C.Bypromotingtheirconceptthroughsocialmedia.D.Bydiscipliningthemselvestofollowstrictguidelines.7.WhatmessagedoesHammererconveyinthelastparagraph?A.Practicemakesperfect. B.Changeistheonlyconstant.C.Slowandsteadywinstherace. D.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.CIfyouyawn(打哈欠)moreandpretendtobeinterestedoften,researchersmayhaveanexplanation:aglobalriseinboredom.Boredomhasrisensignificantlyoverthepast15years,anewpapersuggests.Italsoproposesapossiblecause:thegrowinguseofsocialmedia.“Technologyhasdrivenusintoanageofconstantdigitalengagement.Withendlessrewardingstimulationafingertipaway,however,peoplearebecomingincreasinglybored,”theauthorswroteinCommunicationsPsychology.Onecitedexperimenttrackedover100,000Americanadolescentsfornearlyadecade,findingamodestbutsignificantriseinboredomfrom2011,measuredonafive-pointscale.Anotherstudyofover28,000Chinesestudentsshoweda14%increaseinboredombetween2009and2020,basedontheBoredomPronenessScale.Howtheseresultsareinterpretedisopentodebate.JamesDanckert,aprofessorofcognitiveneuroscience,thinksitreasonablethatboredomisontheriseandsocialmediamayplayapart.“Thefunctionofboredom,however,istopushyouintoaction,”Danckertargues.Hebelievesthekeyliesintakingpartinunpredictable,meaningfuleventswhereyoumustmakeactivechoices.Impromptuconversationswithsomebodycanfilltheserequirements.Danckertdoubtssocialmediaticksthesameboxes.“Whenyoustartscrolling(滑动)onyourphone,atonofwhatyou’regoingtoseethereishighlypredictable,”hesaid.Themorepredictableourworldbecomes,thelessmeaningfulitisandthemoreboringitbecomes.ProfessorAndreasElpidorou,anexpertinthefieldofboredomstudies,agrees.Digitalmediamay“forceusintoacontinuousengagementwithacontentthatisinterestingenoughtoentertainbutnotmeaningfulenoughtofulfil,”hesaid.However,hesuspecteditwasnottheonlyfactor,adding,“Iworrythisistooconvenientanexplanation.I’mnotsayingitisn’ttrue,butIworryitmayonlybepartiallytrue.”8.Whydoestheauthormentionthequoteinparagraph2?A.Tosupportthefindingofanewpaper.B.Toreviewthebenefitsofdigitalengagement.C.Toprovidesolutionstoovercomingboredom.D.Tohighlightthesuggestionsgivenbyresearchers.9.Whatdothetwostudiesmentionedinparagraph3focuson?A.Theincreaseinboredomlevels. B.Thehistoricaltrendofboredom.C.Theeffectofboredomonhumanbehavior. D.Thelinkbetweenboredomandtechnology.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“impromptu”meaninparagraph4?A.Structured. B.Informal. C.Detailed. D.Unprepared.11.WhatisElpidorou’sattitudetowardstheresultsofboredomresearch?A.Appreciative. B.Objective. C.Tolerant. D.Dismissive.DWildchimpanzeesseemtolearnskillsfromeachotherandthen—muchashumansdo—improveonthosetechniquesfromonegenerationtothenext.Inparticular,youngfemalesthatmigrate(迁徙)betweengroupsbringtheirculturalknowledgewiththem,andgroupscancombinenewtechniqueswithexistingonestogetbetteratsearchingforfood.Such“cumulativeculture”meanssomechimpanzeecommunitiesarebecomingmoretechnologicallyadvanced—althoughvery,veryslowly.“Ifchimpanzeeshavesomeculturalknowledgethatthecommunitythey’removingintodoesn’thave,theymaypassiton—justinthesamewaywepassonthegenes(基因),”saysAndrewWhitenattheUniversityofStAndrews.“Andthenthatculturebuildsup.”Scientistsknewchimpanzeesusedtoolsandpassedontheknowledge,buttheirlackofsignificantinnovationcomparedtohumanspuzzledresearchers.CassandraGunasekaramattheUniversityofZurichsuspectedshemightbeabletoapplygeneticanalysistothepuzzle.Toseeifyoungfemalesbringtheirskillsetsintotheirnewgroups,sheandhercolleagueslookedatdatapreviouslycollectedbyotherresearchgroupsat35studysitesinAfricaandincludedinformationaboutwhattools,ifany,eachanimalused,aswellastheirgeneticconnectionsoverthepast15,000years.“Thegeneticsgiveusakindoftimemachineintothewayculturehasbeentransmitted(传播)acrosschimpanzees,”saysWhiten.Somechimpanzeesusedcomplextools,forexampleadrillingstickandafishingbrushforhunting.TheresearchersfoundthechimpanzeeswiththemostadvancedtoolsetswerethreetofivetimesmorelikelytosharethesameDNAasthosethatusedsimpletoolsornotoolsatall,eventhoughtheymightlivethousandsofkilometresaway.Andadvancedtoolusewasalsomorestronglyassociatedwithfemalemigrationcomparedwithsimpleornotooluse.“Ourinterpretationisthatthesecomplextoolsetsarereallyinventedbyperhapsbuildingonasimplerformfrombefore,andthereforetheyhavetodependontransmissionbyfemalesfromthecommunitiesthatinventedtheminitiallytotheothercommunities,”saysWhiten.“Itshowsthatcomplextoolswouldrelyonsocialexchangesacrossgroups—whichisverysurprisingandexciting,”saysGunasekaram.12.Whichbestdescribes“cumulativeculture”inparagraph2?A.Theimmediateadoptionofadvancedtoolsforfood.B.Thegradualbuild-upofculturalknowledgeovertime.C.Theindependentinventionoftoolswithoutpriorskills.D.Thepreservationofculturalknowledgeforgenerations.13.HowdidGunasekaram’steamconducttheirresearch?A.Byobservingchimpanzeesat35studysites.B.Byanalyzingexistingdataonchimpanzees.C.Bycomparingchimpanzeesintermsoftheirtooluse.D.Byinvestigatinggeneticconnectionsofchimpanzees.14.Whatledtochimpanzees’useofcomplextools?A.Humaninfluences. B.Food-huntingstrategy.C.Socialcompetition. D.Cross-groupinteractions.15.Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?A.Thelearninggapsbetweenchimpanzeesandhumans.B.Theenvironmentalimpactonchimpanzees’behaviors.C.Thegeneticdiversityofchimpanzeesinthewilderness.D.Theroleoffemalechimpanzeesinculturaltransmission.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Inpsychology,theword“prove”isusedcarefully,muchlikeapainterapplieseachbrushstroke(笔触)withgreatcare.Unlikethestrongconclusionsinphysicalsciences,psychologicalresearchbuildsabiggerpicturethroughmanysmallstudies.____16____Hisdiscoverywasnotasuddenbreakthroughbuttheresultofhardanddetailedwork.Similarly,ElizabethLoftus’sresearchdoubtshowaccuratewitnessreportsare.Insteadofcallingit“unreliable,”researchersusetermslike“potentialunreliability.”____17____So,theyusewordslike“demonstrate”and“suggest”toshowtheuncertaintyintheirconclusions.____18____Instead,Iteachmystudentstothinkcriticallyabouthowtouseit,muchlikeagardenerwhocaresforplants.Whenstudentsfirstusetheword,Iencouragethemtothinkaboutfactorsthatcouldchallengetheirconclusions.Forexample,Imightaskthem,“Howdoweknowthatnotallparticipantshadfalsememories?”Or,forFrenchstudents,“WhymightthesefindingsnotapplytoFrenchculture?”Thisapproachhelpsstudentsgraspthecomplexityofpsychologicalresearchanddevelopcriticalthinkingskills.Itencouragesthemtoreflectandanalyze,helpingthemcommunicatetheirfindingswithaccuracy.____19____Inpsychology,“proving”somethingislikebuildingasymphony.____20____Ineducation,teachingcriticalthinkingandclearlanguageuseisessentialforunderstandingthecoreofpsychologicalresearch.A.Thisindicatesthatfindingsmightchange.B.Inmyclassroom,Idonotbantheword“prove.”C.Eachpieceofevidenceaddstoalargerunderstanding.D.Psychologicaltheoriesareoftenrevisedasnewevidenceemerges.E.Asateacher,Ioftenremindmystudentstousethiswordappropriately.F.Thismethodalsobuildsappreciationforthedepthofpsychologicalinquiry.G.Forexample,EricKandelspentyearsstudyingseaanimalstolearnhowmemoryworks.第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。WhenIwasgrowingup,Iheldontootightlytothingsandideas,whichcausedmealotofstress.Itwasn’tuntilachanceencounterwithawiseoldpainterthatIbegantoseethe____21____inlettinggoandwelcomingthechange.Onesunnyafternoon,I____22____astandofcolorfulabstractpaintings.Theelderlyartistnoticedmestaringatoneparticularpiece.“That’smymasterpiece,”hesaid,with____23____inhiseyes.Curious,Iaskedhimabouthis____24____practice.Hewasoncefocusedondetailandcontrol,which____25____hiscreativity.Acriticalmomentcamewhenastrongwindblewacrosshiscanvas(画布),____26____thecolorsinunpredictableways.Insteadofthrowingawaythe____27____piece,hedecidedtoworkwiththeaccident,addingnewelementsthattransformedthe____28____intosomethingevenmorebeautiful.Sincethen,hehadstarted____29____theunexpected,allowingeachbrushstroketoleadhimtonewartistic_____30_____.Hiswordsinspiredmeto_____31_____someofmypossessionslikeoldbooksandclothes._____32_____,thisnotonlyorganizedmyspacebutalsoclearedmymindfornewexperiencesandthoughts.Inmylife,Ifoundthatbybeingopento_____33_____,IcouldadaptmorereadilytochallengesandseizeopportunitiesthatImighthave_____34_____missed.Icametounderstandthatlettinggoisn’taboutgivingupbutnewopportunitiesfor_____35_____.21.A.trouble B.cost C.beauty D.interest22.A.cameacross B.knockedover C.laidout D.putaway23.A.pride B.firmness C.trust D.hope24.A.simple B.popular C.romantic D.creative25.A.ignored B.matched C.demonstrated D.limited26.A.organizing B.mixing C.absorbing D.reducing27.A.completed B.ruined C.traditional D.similar28.A.dream B.life C.painting D.wind29.A.predicting B.controlling C.changing D.accepting30.A.courses B.talents C.discoveries D.collections31.A.release B.treasure C.gather D.store32.A.Regrettably B.Unluckily C.Surprisingly D.Basically33.A.discussion B.imperfection C.fashion D.uncertainty34.A.still B.ever C.therefore D.otherwise35.A.profession B.growth C.education D.guidance第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Originallyconstructedaround256BCEbytheStateofQinasanirrigation(灌溉)andfloodcontrolsystem,Dujiangyanisaremarkableexampleofancient____36____(engineer)skillandisstillinusetoday.DuringtheWarringStatesperiod,peoplelivingalongthebanksoftheMinRiverweretroubledbyannualflooding.IrrigationengineerLiBing____37____(lead)ateamtoconstructanembankment(堤坝)toredirectpartoftheriver’sflowuponthoroughinvestigation.ThentheycutachannelthroughMountYuleitoletouttheextrawater.Duringtheconstruction,cuttingthechannelprovedtobeamuchmorechallengingtaskthan____38____(anticipate),asthetoolsavailablecouldnotbreakthroughthehardrockofthemountain.Therefore,theyuseda____39____(combine)offireandwatertoheatandcooltherocksuntiltheybroke____40____couldberemoved.Oncecompleted,thesystempreventedfloodsandmadeSichuanoneofChina’smostproductive____41____(agriculture)regionsbyusingtheredirectedwater____42____irrigation.NowifyouvisitDujiangyan,youwillseeanunusualconstruction____43____lookslikeafish’smouth.Thisfamousattraction,Yuzui,togetherwithtwootherimportantparts,namely,FeishayanandBaopingkou,____44____(design)scientificallytocontrolthewaterflowthroughouttheyear.Recognizedas_____45_____UNESCOheritagesite,Dujiangyanhasirrigatedfarmswhilepreventingfloodsforover2,000years.第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）46.假定你是李华，交换生Emily想参加中国日报社主办的“印象中国(MyChinaMoments)”英文作品征集活动，来信向你咨询。请给她写一封回信，内容包括：(1)作品类型；(2)作品内容及创意。注意：(1)写作词数应为80个左右；(2)请在答题纸的相应位置作答。___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二节（满分25分）47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Marywasveryhappywhenshegotherdreampart-timejobatthelocalbookshop.Itwasrightnexttoherschool,soshecouldwalkthereafterclasses.Herboss,Mr.Thompson,wasveryniceandtrustedherwithlotsofimportanttasksfromthebeginning.Oneafternoon,Mr.ThompsongaveMaryandherclassmateAlexaspecialtask.Hewantedthemtomakeaplantopromoteanewbookseriesallwrittenbyteenagers.“Thisseriesisuniquebecauseitreflectsthevoicesofyoungauthors,”Mr.Thompsonexplained.“I’mcountingonyoutwotocomeupwithsomethingthatwilltrulyconnectwiththeyoungreaders.You’llhavetofinalizeyourplanbeforeFridaysincetheschoolReadingFestivalisjustaroundthecorner.”Marywasveryexcitedandhappytohelp.Shenoddedeagerly.“Absolutely,Mr.Thompson!Ican’twaittogetstarted.”Shewassothrilledthatshecouldn’tstopsmilingonherwayhome.Finally,therewasachancetoshoweveryonewhatsheco