考研英语（阅读）模拟试卷331

考研英语(阅读)模拟试卷331

一、阅读(常规阅读理解)(本题共2。题，每题

分,共20分。)

Thenumbersin(hejobsreportforFebruarywerebad,but(hetrendswereworse.More

(hanhalfOfthe4.4millionjobslostsinceDecember2007,whentherecessionbegan,

vanishedinthelastfourmonths.4'Theunemploymentralehasalsosurgedto8.1

percentlastmonthfrom7.6percentinJanuary-andfrom5.0percentwhenthe

recessionbegan.Theranksoftheunemployednowtotal12.5millionpeople.It's

fortunate,then,thatthenation'sfirstlineofdefenseagainstrisingjoblessness一

unemploymentinsurance-wasreinforcedinthestimuluslawthatpassedlastmonth.The

lawincreasesunemploymentbenefitsby$25aweekandallowsstatestoextendthose

benefitsthroughtheendoftheyear.Italsoprovides$7billiontothestatestocovermore

than500,000workersoftenpart-time,low-wageandfemale—whoarcdeniedjobless

benefitsunderoutdatedrulesthatapplyinmanystates.Thosestates,ofcourse,must

reformtheirsystemstospecificallyincludethoseworkersandtobringtheirprograms

moreinlinewithfederalguidelines.CongressandtheObamaadministrationmustalso

bepreparedtodomoreasunemploymentworsensasitinevitablywillin(hiscontracting

economy.InIl(h-hourwranglinglastmonth,aprovisionwasstruckfromthestimulus

billthatwouldhaveprovidedMedicaidcoveragetounemployedworkerswhodonot

qualifyorcannotaffordtostayoniheirformeremployers'grouphealthinsurance.The

measureshouldbereintroducedandpassedintolaw.Indeed,alljob-relatedpolicies

shouldacknowledgethatemploymentisunlikelytoturnaroundanytimesoon.That's

becausetheeconomy'sotherheadwinds—thehousingbustandthestock-market

wipeout—willdelayanylabormarketrecovery.Withbothsalesandpricesforhomes

declininginmostplaces,manypeoplewhomightotherwisemovetotakeanewjobarc

compelledtostayput,especiallyifasalewouldnotbringinenoughmoneytopayoffthe

mortgage.Withstockstanking,manyworkersarclikelytopostponeretirement,

impairingupwardmobilityforotherworkersandcrowdingoutnewentrantstothework

force.Thatmeansthatinadditiontoprovidingrelieffortoday'sunemployed,greater

emphasismustbeplacedonjobtrainingandretrainingandonbettereducationatall

levels.Ifajobslumpisshortandshallow,oldjobscomeback.Ifitislonganddeep,like

(hecurrentone,someoldjobsneverreturnandevensomeindustriesneverrevive.That

makesitimperativetoprepareasanationfortheprospectofavastlydifferentfuture.

1、Thetrendswereworse,asisevidencedbythefactthat.

A^unemploymentinsurancewasreinforcedinthestimuluslaw

B、asmanyas12.5millionpeopleinAmericaareunemployed

C、theunemploymentratekeptincreasingsincerecessionbegan

D、inuicthan2.2milliuiijobsdisappcaicdinthelastfuuiiiiunlli5

标准答案：C

知识点解析：根据第一段中的“Theunemploymentratehasalsosurgedto8.Ipercent

lastmonthfrom7.6percentinJanuary-andfrom5.0percentwhentherecession

began"，C应为答案。

2^Underthestimuluslawpassedrecently,.

A、theweeklybenefitforeachunemployedworkerreaches$25

B、evenpart-timeworkersareentitledtounemploymentbenefits

C、morethanhalfamillionworkersareincludedintheinsurance

D^thestateinsuranceprogramsareinlinewithfederalguidelines

标准答案；B

知识点解析:根据第二段中的"Italsoprovides$7billiontothestatestocovermore

than500000workers...oftenpart-time,low-wageandfemale…B应为答案。

3、TheObamaadministrationisexpectedto.

A^improveunemployedinsurance

B、detertheeconomyfromworsening

C、introduceaneffectivestimulusbill

D、protectpeoplefromlosingtheirjobs

标准答案：A

知识点解析：根据第三段中的“CongressandtheObamaadministrationmustalsobe

preparedtodomoreasunemploymentworsens....”和“aprovisionwasstruck...that

wouldhaveprovidedMcdicaidcovcragetounemployedworkers...A应为答案。

4、Itisimpliedinthetextthatfacilitatesthelabormarketrecovery.

A^theimpairmentofupwardmobility

B、theearlyretirementofmoreworkers

C、thetimelysetupofjob-relatedpolicies

D、（hethrivingsalesandpricesfbrhomes

标准答案：D

知识点解析：根据第四段中的"That'sbecause...thehousingbust...willdelayanylabor

marketrecovery'',D应为答案。

5、Greateremphasismustbeplacedonjobtrainingandretrainingsince.

A^providingreliefforunemployedisfarfromadequate

B、today'sunemployedshouldbepreparedfbrnewjobs

C、thecurrentrecessionisunexpectedlylonganddeep

D、theeconomicprospectofournationisstillobscure

标准答案：B

知识点解析：根据最后一段中的“Ifitislonganddeep,likethecurrenlone,some

oldjobsneverreturnandevensomeindustriesneverrevive'',B应为答案。

Momwasrightstandupstraight,brushyourhairandquitrunningaround.Thoserules

mayhaveseemedannoying,butitturnsouttheymakeallthedifferenceintheway

peopleperceiveyou.Actionsdon'tjustspeaklouderthanwords—theycancompletely

drownthemout.Andslouchingormovingtoofastthroughtheofficecanmakeyoulook

likeanunderling,accordingtobodylanguageexperts.There'smuchmorethatyourbody

canconvey.Infact,55%ofwhatyoucommunicateissaidthroughyourbodylanguage

andfacialexpression,accordingtoonestudy.Knowinghowtosendtherightmessage

canhelpyousucceedinworkandinlove.Tobeseenaspowerfulandconfidentonihe

job,(herulesareclear:Alwaysstandupstraightandofferasolidhandshake.Also,walk

fasthutnottoofast.Slowwalkersappeartobelessambitious,while(hosewhowalk(oo

speedilyarcclearlysubordinates,saysKevinHogan,authorofTheSecretLanguageof

Business.Thosewhowalkwithefficiencylooklikeleaders.Bothsexescansoftenupa

littlewhentheyleavetheworkplace.Inanamoroussetting,mencanroundtheirposture

andshouldbendalittle,sothattheireyesmeettheirdates'atthesamelevel.Eyecontact

iskeytoshowinganotherpersonthatyou'relistening,butthereisarightwayanda

wrongwaytodoit.Trainyoureyesontheotherperson's"goldentriangle",thearea

betweentheeyesandthetipofthenose.Butavoidstaringdirectlyintosomeone's

pupils——itcancomeoffascreepy.Inbothbusinessandpleasure,firstimpressionsare

crucial.Forafirstmeeting,thebestwaytogetonaperson'sgoodsideistoliterallystand

ontheirright-handside."Ifaguycomesupandtalkstoagirlonherleftside,he's

alreadylostthebattle,"saysHogan.Becauseofthewaythebrainworks,over90%ofthe

populationthosewhoarerighthanded—viewpeoplewhostandontheirrightmore

favorablythanthosewhostandontheirleft.Agreatwaytobuildupanotherperson's

comfortistomimichisorhermovements.Ifyourdatetakesasipofwine,dothesame

severalsecondslater.Ifyourbosscrossesherlegs,crossyourstoo.Mirroringis

something"weinstinctivelydowhenweareattracted;wejus!don'tnotice,"saysGregory

Hartley,authorofGetPeopletoDoWhatYouWant.Butwhetherwe'redoingit

unconsciouslyoronpurpose,itwillhavethesameeffect.

6、Theauthorbelievesthatv/henonecommunicateswithothers,actions.

A^don'tspeaklouderthanwords

B、aremoreimportantthanwords

C、cansubstitutewordscompletely

D、arenolessimpressivethanwords

标准答案：B

知识点解析:根据第二段中的"Actionsdon'tjustspeaklouderthanwords--theycan

completelydrownthemout"，B应为答案。

7、One'sconfidencecanbeperceivedby.

A、secretlanguageofbusiness

B、whetherheworkseffectively

C、hisnonverbalcommunication

D、whathesaysandwhathedoes

标准答案：C

知识点解析：根据第四段第一句"Tobeseenaspowerfulandconfidentonthejob»the

rulesareclear:Alwaysstandupstraightandofferasolidhandshake"，C应为答案。

8、1(seemsthateyecontactis

A^averytrickyartforustomaster

B、anoftenoverlookedskilltohave

C、consideredimpoliteoraggressive

D、usuallyassumedtoindicatehonesty

标准答案：A

知识点解析：根据第五段中的“…butthereisarightwayandawrongwaytodo

it.Trainyoureyes...itcancomeoffascreepy”,A应为答案。

9、Whenitcomestomakingthefirstimpression,.

A、courteousbehaviorhelpsenormously

B、apositiveattitudeisutmostimportant

C、maintainanupbeatmannerandasmile

D、expressyourindividualityappropriately

标准答案：A

知识点解析：根据第六段中的“…thebestwaytogetonaperson'sgoodsideisto

literallystandontheirright——handside.'Ifaguycomesupandtalkstoagirlonherleft

side,he'salreadylostthebattle.A应为答案。

10、Accordingtothetext,appropriatebodylanguage.

A、manifestsitselfinmimickingyourdate

B、promisesthesuccessinworkandinlove

C、helpsyoufeelmorestrongandconfident

D、helpscreateagoodfirstimpressionofyou

标准答案：D

知识点解析：根据第二段第—句"Thoserulesmayhaveseemedannoying,butitturns

outtheymakeallthedifferenceinthewaypeopleperceiveyou”，D应为答案。

Bythetimemostpeoplerealizedthatwhaleswerenotoversizefishbutwarm-blooded

mammalswithlargebrains,sophisticatedsocialstructuresandanelaboratelanguageof

squeals,clicksandlowmoans,itwasnearlytoolate.Theorgyofunrestrainedwhale

hunting,whichbeganinthe1600sandbecameindustrializedinthe19thcentury,had

alreadysentmanyspeciesintoseriousdecline.Environmentagroups,fearingthatthe

whaleswouldbecomeextinct,lobbiedhardtobringthehuntingandkillingtoahalt.In

1986(heycameveryclose:theInternationalWhalingCommission(IWC)voled(o

prohibitwhaling,allowingitonlyforscientificpurposesor.inahandfulofcases,suchas

amongnativepeoplesinAlaskaandGreenland,topreserveancientfood-gathering

practices.Butthetreatyhaspiovedalltooeasytogetaround.Japan,Icelandand

Norway,inparticular,haveslaughteredtensofthousandsofwhalesinthepast20years.

Thefirsttwocountriesclaimtheyaredoingitforscience,althoughmuchofthemeat

theytakeendsupondinnertables.Norwaydoesn'tevenbotherpretending.Itopenly

floutstheIWC'srules.NowJapanhastippedtheante:attheannualmeetingoftheIWC

lastweekintheCaribbeannalionofSi.KillsandNevis,theJupaiiusupushedllirougha

resolutioncallingforarepealofthewhalingmoratorium,declaringit"nolonger

necessary".Fonunatelyforihewhales,theresolutionisn'tbinding.Thevotewas33to32

infavor,butitwouldhavetakena75%majoritytooverturntheban.Forwhaling

opponents,however,thevotewasanominoussignofJapan'spowerovertheIWC—and

ofitswillingnesstousestrong-armtacticsandnot-so-subtlcbriberytogetitsway.Japan

hasreportedlyshoweredmorethan$100millioninaidinrecentyearsonislandnations

thatithaspersuadedtobackitspro-whalingpositions.AndthoughJapan'salliesdon't

havethevotestooverturnthewhalingban,ittakesonlyasimplemajoritytomakeother

changestotakefulurevotesonsecretballots,forexample,sothatnationscan'tbeheld

accountablefortheirpositions,ortoexcludeantiwhalinggroupsfromIWCmeetings.

Indeed,JapanlastweeksparredonceagainwithGreenpeace(heorganizationthat

agitatedhardestfortheoriginalban—untilJapanwaspressuredtobackoff.

11、Theauthorintendsprimarilytotellreadersinthefirstparagraphthat.

A、unrestrictedwhalingwillinevitablyresultinwhales'extinction

B、therehasbeensomeachievementintheprotectionofwhales

C、thewhaleswouldbecomeextinctintheforeseeablefuture

D^whalesarewarm-bloodedmammalsworthstrictprotecting

标准答案：B

知识点解析：第一段的重点在后两句"Environmentalgroups...lobbiedhardtobring

(hehuntingandkillingtoahalt.In1986theycameveryclose：theInternational

WhalingConunission(IWC)votcdtoprohibitwhaling...”，介绍了环保团体为保护鲸鱼

所做的工作和取得的成绩。所以，B应为答案。

12、TheInternationalWhalingCommission.

A、isdedicatedtotheprolecuonofever-decreasingwhales

B、allowsscientiststoslaughterwhalesfortheirresearch

C、isnotpowerfulenoughtoprohibitunrestrictedwhaling

D^triesitsbesttoprohibitthehuntingandkillingofwhales

标准答案：C

知识点解析：根据第一段最后一句“…theInternationalWhaling

Commission(IWC)votcdtoprohibitwhaling…”和第二段可知，尽管国际捕鲸协会通过

r捕鲸禁令，日本、冰岛、挪威等国依然找借口大量捕杀鲸鱼，甚至公开蔑视国际

捕鲸协会的规定.所以，C应为答案。

13、TheresolutionpushedthroughbytheJapaneseisn'tbindingbecause.

A、itexploitsillegaltacticstoaccomplishitsaim

B、onlyafewnationsbackitspro-whalingposition

C^itsnot-so-subtlebriberytacticshasbeenrevealed

D、morevotesareneededtooverturnthewhalingban

标准答案：D-

知识点解析：根据第四段前两句"Fortunalelyfbrthewhales,theresolutionisn't

binding.Thevotewas33to32infavor,butitwouldhavetakena75%majorityto

overturntheban"，D应为答案。

14、Itisimpliedthat.

A^futurevoteswillhetakenonsecretballots

B、Greenpeacestronglysupportsthewhalingban

C、nationsopenlytakingpro-whalingpositionarefew

D、bothAlaskaandGreenlandareagainstthewhalingban

标准答案：B''

知以点解析：根据全文最后一句"JapanlastweeksparredonceagainwithGrccnpcacc

theorganizationthatagitatedhardestfortheoriginalban…"，B应为答案。

15、Thetextismainlyabout.

A^revengeofthewhalehunters

B、theprotectionofdecliningwhales

C、Japan'spowerfulcommandoftheIWC

D^thetacticsusedtooverturnthewhalingban

标准答案：A

知识点解析：本文第一段.主要介绍由于捕杀过度，鲸鱼数量大幅度减少的危机，并

介绍环保团体为保护鲸鱼所做的工作和取得的成绩。其他四段主要介绍口本等国家

不顾捕鲸禁令，继续捕杀鲸鱼的恶劣行径，以及为了废止捕鲸禁令所施展的各种伎

俩。所以，A应为答案。

Let'ssayapatientwalksintomyofficeandsayshe'sbeenfeelingdownforthepastthree

weeks.Amonthago,hisfianceelefthimforanotherman,andhefeelsthere'snopointin

goingon.Hehasnotbeensleepingwell,hisappetiteispoorandhehaslostinterestin

nearlyallofhisusualactivities.ShouldIgivehimadiagnosisofclinicaldepression?Or

ismypatientmerelyexperiencingwhat(he14th-centurymonkThomasaKempiscalled

"thepropersorrowsofthesoul"?Theanswerismorecomplicatedthansomecriticsof

psychiatricdiagnosisthink.Tothesecritics,psychiatryhasmedicalizednormalsadness

byfailingtoconsiderthesocialandemotionalcontextinwhichpeopledeveloplow

moodforexample,afterlosingajoborexperiencingthebreakupofanimportant

relationship.Thisdiagnosticfailure,theargumentgoes,hascreatedabogusepidemicof

increasingdepression.Intheirrecentbook"TheLossofSadness"(Oxford,2007),Allan

V.HorwitzandJeromeC.Wakefieldassertthatforthousandsofyears,symptomsof

sadnessthatwere"withcause"wereseparatedfromthosethatwere"withoutcause".

Onlythelatterwereviewedasmentaldisorders.Withtheadventofmoderndiagnostic

criteria,theseauthorsargue,doctorsweredirectedtoignorethecontextofthepatient's

complaintsand.focusonlyonsymptoms—poorappetite,insomnia,lowenergy,

hopelessnessandsoon.Thecurrentcriteriaformajordepression,theysay,largelyfailto

distinguishbetween"abnormal"reactionscausedby"internaldysfunction"and"normal

sadness"broughtonbyexternalcircumstances.Andtheyblamevestedinterestsdoctors,

researchers,pharmaceuticalcompaniesforfosteringthisbloaiedconceptofdepression.

Yes,mostpsychiatristswouldconcede(hatinthespaceofabrief"managedcare"

appointment,it'sveryhardtounderstandmuchaboutthecontextofthepatient's

depressivecomplaints.Andyes,undersuchconditions,somedoctorsaretemptedto

writethatprescriptionforProzacorZoloftandmoveontothenextpatient.Butthe

vexingissueofwhenbereavementorsadnessbecomesadisorder,andhowitshouldbe

treated,requiresmuchmorestudy.Mostpsychiatristsbelievethatundertreatmentof

severedepressionisamorepressingproblemthanovcrtreatmcntof"normalsadness".

Untilsolidresearchpersuadesmeothcnvisc,Iwillmostlikelyseepeoplelikemyjilted

patientasclinicallydepressed,notjust"normallysad"—andIwillprovidehimwith

whateverpsychiatrictreatmentheneedstofeelbetter.

16、Ifapersonfeelsthere'snopointingoingon,hemostprobably.

A^failstosleepandeatwell