Unit 5 Good manners（单元自测·江苏扬州专用）（解析版）

-2026学年八年级下册英语单元自试（江苏扬州专用）Unit5·培优卷学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________（时间：100分钟，满分：120分）一、单项选择(共15小题；每小题1分，计15分)在下列各题A、B、C、D四个选项中选择一个能填入题干空白处的最佳答案。1．—Couldyoupleasestepasidealittle?Yourchairis________myway.—Ohno,I’msosorry!Ididn’trealizeIwasblockingyou.A．on B．in C．at D．by【答案】B【详解】句意：——您能稍微挪一下吗？您的椅子挡着我的路了。——哦不，非常抱歉！我没意识到我挡着您了。on在……上；

in在……里；

at在……地点，时刻；by通过。onone’swayto...意为“在去……的路上；inone’sway意为“挡道/妨碍某人”；at与way结合无明确语义；bytheway表示“顺便说一下”。根据“I’msosorry!Ididn’trealizeIwasblockingyou.”可知，此处表示椅子挡住了路。故填in。2．—Mylittlebrotheralwaysreachesacrossthetableforfood.—Youshouldteachhimgood________,includingwaitingpolitelyandnotreachingoverothers.A．hobbies B．manners C．politeness D．advice【答案】B【详解】句意：——我弟弟总是在餐桌前伸手去拿食物。——你应该教他良好的礼仪，包括礼貌地等待，不要越过别人去拿东西。考查名词辨析。hobbies爱好；manners礼仪，礼貌；politeness有礼貌；advice建议。根据“includingwaitingpolitelyandnotreachingoverothers.”可知，此处指礼仪。故选B。3．—Tom,asyourbestfriend,Ihopeyoucanalwaysshareyourthoughts________withme.Youknowyoucantrustme.—Thankyou,David.Itmeansalottome.A．openly B．patiently C．quietly D．loudly【答案】A【详解】句意：——Tom，作为你最好的朋友，我希望你能一直坦诚地和我分享你的想法。你知道你可以信任我。——谢谢你，David。这对我来说意义重大。考查副词辨析。openly坦诚地、公开地；patiently耐心地；quietly安静地；loudly大声地。根据“Youknowyoucantrustme.”可知，可以信任对方，因此是能坦诚地分享想法。故选A。4．—Let’splayfootballwithDavid.Howaboutcallinghim?—Davidispreparingfortomorrow’scompetition(比赛)athome.Pleasedon’t________him.A．push B．support C．cheer D．trouble【答案】D【详解】句意：——我们和David一起踢足球吧。给他打个电话怎么样？——David正在家里准备明天的比赛。请不要打扰他。考查动词辨析。push推；support支持；cheer欢呼；trouble打扰。根据“Davidispreparingfortomorrow’scompetitionathome.”可知，David正在准备比赛，所以不应该去打扰他。故选D。5．Onceyoupromise________something,youshould________.A．todo;keepyourword B．doing;keepyourwordC．todo;breakyourword D．doing;notbreakyourword【答案】A【详解】句意：一旦你答应去做某事，你就应该信守诺言。考查非谓语动词和动词短语。keepyourword信守诺言；breakyourword食言；notbreakyourword不要食言。第一空，promisetodosth.“答应做某事”，是固定搭配，因此用todo；第二空，根据句意，答应别人后应该“信守诺言”，“keepyourword”符合。故选A。6．Weshouldwait________whenwewaitforthebus.A．indanger B．inline C．introuble D．infact【答案】B【详解】句意：当我们等公共汽车时，我们应该排队等候。考查介词短语辨析。indanger处于危险中；inline排队；introuble陷入麻烦；infact事实上。根据“whenwewaitforthebus”可知，等公交车时应排队等候，符合公共秩序常识。故选B。7．MrBrownwastoobusy__________thepapers__________hismobilephone.A．tomark;tocheckB．tomark;checking C．marking;checking D．marking;tocheck【答案】D【详解】句意：布朗先生太忙于批改试卷，没时间看手机。考查动词短语。tomark评分，动词不定式；tocheck检查，不定式；checking检查，动名词/现在分词）；marking标记，动名词/现在分词。根据固定搭配“bebusydoing”忙于做某事，因此busy后接doing，表示“忙于做某事”；toobusydoingsth.todosth.表示“太忙做某事而不能做另一事”，因此第一空用marking，第二空用tocheck。故选D。8．I__________feeltiredafterwork.ButnowI__________it.A．getusedto;usedto B．usedto;usedto C．usedto;amgettingusedto D．getusedto;beusedto【答案】C【详解】句意：我过去常常在工作后感到疲惫。但现在我逐渐习惯它了。考查usedto与getusedto的辨析。usedtodosth.表示“过去常常做某事（现在不做了）”；getusedto(doing)sth.表示“逐渐习惯于（做）某事”。根据“Butnow”可知，前半句说的是过去的状态，用usedto；后半句表示现在逐渐适应，用getusedto，此处用现在进行时态，所以用amgettingusedto。故选C。9．--ThefilmDeadtoRights(《南京照相馆》)wasso__________thatalltheviewerswere__________totearsinthecinema.--Yes.It’soneofthebestmoviesI’veeverseen.A．moving;moved B．moving;moving C．moved;moving D．moved;moved【答案】A【详解】句意：——电影《南京照相馆》如此感人，以至于所有观众在电影院里都被感动得流泪了。——是的，这是我看过的最好的电影之一。考查形容词辨析。moving令人感动的；moved被感动的。第一空修饰电影，用表示“令人感动的”moving；第二空表示观众“被感动”，用moved。故选A。10．Thereis_______interestingbookaboutmanners._______bookiswrittenbyafamouswriter.A．a;The B．an;The C．a;A D．an;An【答案】B【详解】句意：有一本关于礼仪的有趣的书。这本书是由一位著名作家写的。考查冠词用法。第一空，book为可数名词单数，此处是泛指“一本有趣的书”，interesting以元音音素开头，故用不定冠词an；第二空，特指前文提到的“那本书”，用定冠词the。故选B。11．—________doyouusuallydotoshowyourpoliteness?—Iusuallysay“Excuseme”whenIneedtopassbyothers.A．What B．When C．Where D．How【答案】A【详解】句意：——你通常做什么来展示你的礼貌？——当我需要经过别人身边时，我通常说“打扰一下”。考查疑问词辨析。What什么；When何时；Where哪里；How如何。根据答句“Iusuallysay‘Excuseme’...”可知，问句询问的是“做什么”来表现礼貌，应使用疑问词What提问。故选A。12．Pleasetakeanumbrellawithyou________itrains________.A．sothat;intheway B．eventhough;inthiswayC．assoonas;bytheway D．incase;ontheway【答案】D【详解】句意：请随身带把伞，以防在途中下雨。考查连词短语及介词短语辨析。第一空，sothat以便；eventhough尽管；assoonas一……就；incase以防。空格后的从句“itrains”是带伞的原因或可能发生的情况，应用“incase”引导条件状语从句，表示“以防”。第二空，intheway挡路；inthisway用这种方法；bytheway顺便说；ontheway在路上。根据句意，此处指“在途中”下雨，应用“ontheway”。故选D。13．Theposterisprobablydesignedto________.A．showmannersatatheatre B．announceameetingC．offeranonlinesingingcompetition D．introducearadioprogramme【答案】A【详解】句意：这张海报的设计目的很可能是展示剧院礼仪。考查常识。showmannersatatheatre展示剧院礼仪；announceameeting宣布一场会议；offeranonlinesingingcompetition提供一场线上歌唱比赛；introducearadioprogramme介绍一档广播节目。根据海报中的“Stayinyourseat!”、“Watchandlisten!”、“Notalkingoreating!”、“Nomobilephones!”、“Respectactorsandactresses!”可知，都是剧院观看演出时的礼仪规范。故选A。14．TheguestspraisedTomandhisyoungersisterbecausethey________wellatmealtime.A．willbehave B．behaved C．havebehaved D．werebehaving【答案】B【详解】句意：客人们表扬了汤姆和他的妹妹，因为他们在用餐时表现得很好。考查动词时态。willbehave将表现，一般将来时；behaved表现，过去式；havebehaved已经表现，现在完成时；werebehaving正在表现，过去进行时。根据主句“praised”使用了一般过去时，且“atmealtime”表示过去的具体时间，从句动作也发生在过去，需用一般过去时。故选B。15．—What’simportantduringmystudytripabroad,Mr.Wang?

—Respectlocalhabits.Asthesayinggoes,“________.”A．PracticemakesperfectB．OldhabitsdiehardC．WheninRome,doastheRomansdoD．Don’tburnthecandleatbothends【答案】C【详解】句意：——王老师，我在国外学习旅行时什么最重要？——尊重当地习惯。俗话说：“入乡随俗”。考查谚语理解。Practicemakesperfect熟能生巧；Oldhabitsdiehard积习难改；WheninRome,doastheRomansdo入乡随俗；Don’tburnthecandleatbothends不要过度劳累。根据上文“Respectlocalhabits”可知，此处应表示“入乡随俗”的含义。故选C。二、完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，计15分)阅读下面短文，从文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。Wehavealreadyknownthatthesamethingwillhave16meaningsindifferentcultures.HereIhavemore.Chinesepeople17say“Thankyou”tofamilymembersorclosefriends.Itisthoughtthatyouarenot18enoughtothemoryoutreatthemasstrangersifyousay“Thankyou”tothem.ButintheWesternworld,“Thankyou”isoneofthemostused19.Teacherswillthankastudentfor20aquestion.Awifewillthank21forwashingthedishes.Amotherwillthankhersonforpassingaplate.“Thankyou”intheeyesof22peoplemeangratitudeorappreciation.Valueisabout23peopleimagineorregardsomething.Itactuallyreflectsthewaypeoplethink.Howpeoplethinkofdragonsisatypical(典型的)24.DragonsareregardedasGodandthought25thesymboloftheChinesenation.ButintheWest,peoplethinkdragonsasdinosaurs.Mostofthetime,dragons26evilandbadthings.27differenceisaboutmeaningsofcolourwefeel.Chinesepeople28redtobluebutwesternersdotheopposite.29redmeansluckinChina,Chineseoftenuseredtodecorateatfestivals.ButredstandsforbloodandrevolutionsintheWest.Soredisregardedasa(n)30colourintheWest.Westernpeoplethinkbluerepresentspeace.16．A．same B．similar C．different D．common17．A．never B．seldom C．often D．always18．A．close B．honest C．clever D．kind19．A．expressions B．word C．sentences D．language20．A．having B．asking C．answering D．showing21．A．herteacher B．hermother C．herson D．herhusband22．A．Chinese B．Japanese C．Western D．Eastern23．A．what B．how C．why D．which24．A．story B．idea C．example D．way25．A．as B．for C．like D．with26．A．standfor B．askfor C．payfor D．lookfor27．A．Other B．Theother C．Others D．Another28．A．like B．prefer C．love D．enjoy29．A．But B．So C．However D．Because30．A．lucky B．warm C．cold D．unlucky【答案】16．C17．B18．A19．A20．C21．D22．C23．B24．C25．A26．A27．D28．B29．D30．D【导语】本文通过对比中西方文化差异，重点分析了“感谢用语”、“龙的形象”和“颜色象征”三个方面的不同理解。文章旨在说明价值观差异源于人们看待事物的方式不同。16．句意：我们已经知道，同样的事情在不同的文化中会有不同的含义。same相同的；similar相似的；different不同的；common普通的。根据“indifferentcultures(在不同的文化中)”和常识可知，同样的事情在不同的文化中会有不同的含义。故选C。17．句意：中国人很少对家人或好朋友说“谢谢”。never从不；seldom很少；often经常；always总是。根据“enoughtothemoryoutreatthemasstrangersifyousay“Thankyou”tothem.”可知，中国人很少对家人或好朋友说“谢谢”。故选B。18．句意：如果你对他们说“谢谢”，他们会认为你和他们不够亲近，或者你把他们当作陌生人对待。close亲近的；honest诚实的；clever聪明的；kind和善的。根据“Itisthoughtthatyouarenot...enoughtothemoryoutreatthemasstrangersifyousay“Thankyou”tothem.”可知，此处指他们认为你和他们不够亲近。故选A。19．句意：但在西方世界，“谢谢”是最常用的表达方式之一。expressions表达；word字；sentences句子；language语言。根据“Teacherswillthankastudentfor...aquestion.”可知，在西方世界，“谢谢”是最常用的表达方式之一。故选A。20．句意：老师会感谢学生回答问题。having有；asking问；answering回答；showing展示。根据“Teacherswillthankastudentfor...aquestion.”可知，此处指回答一个问题。故选C。21．句意：妻子会感谢丈夫洗碗。herteacher她老师；hermother她妈妈；herson她儿子；herhusband她丈夫。根据“Awifewillthank”可知，此处指妻子感谢丈夫。故选D。22．句意：“谢谢”在西方人的眼中意味着感激或欣赏。Chinese中国的；Japanese日本的；Western西方的；Eastern东方的。根据“ButintheWesternworld,“Thankyou”isoneofthemostused”可知，“谢谢”在西方人的眼中意味着感激或欣赏。故选C。23．句意：价值是关于人们如何想象或看待事物。what什么；how如何；why为什么；which哪一个。根据“Itactuallyreflectsthewaypeoplethink.”可知，价值是关于人们如何想象或看待事物。故选B。24．句意：人们对龙的看法是一个典型的例子。story故事；idea主意；example例子；way方式。根据“Howpeoplethinkofdragonsisatypical(典型的)”可知，此处介绍人们对龙的看法的典型的例子。故选C。25．句意：龙被视为神，被认为是中华民族的象征。as作为；for为了；like比如；with和。根据“DragonsareregardedasGod”可知，龙被认为是中华民族的象征，bethoughtas为固定搭配，意为“被认为”。故选A。26．句意：大多数时候，龙代表邪恶和不好的事情。standfor代表；askfor询问；payfor支付；lookfor寻找。根据“ButintheWest,peoplethinkdragonsasdinosaurs.”可知，多数时候，龙代表邪恶和不好的事情。故选A。27．句意：另一个区别是我们所感受到的颜色的含义。Other其他的，修饰可数名词复数；Theother两者中的另一个；Others其他人或者物；Another另一个。根据“Howpeoplethinkofdragonsisatypical(典型的)”可知，此处指举另一个区别的例子。故选D。28．句意：中国人更喜欢红色而不喜欢蓝色，而西方人则相反。like喜欢；prefer更喜欢；love爱；enjoy欣赏。根据常识可知，中国人更喜欢红色而不喜欢蓝色，因此选prefer，prefersth.tosth.“更喜欢某物而不是另一物”。故选B。29．句意：因为红色在中国意味着幸运，所以中国人在节日里经常用红色来装饰。But但是；So所以；However然而；Because因为。根据“redmeansluckinChina,”可知，前后之间构成因果关系，前因后果，因此选Because符合题意。故选D。30．句意：因此，在西方，红色被认为是不吉利的颜色。lucky幸运的；warm温暖的；cold寒冷的；unlucky不吉利的。根据“ButredstandsforbloodandrevolutionsintheWest.”可知，在西方，红色被认为是不吉利的颜色。故选D。三、阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，计30分)阅读下列内容，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。AIntheeyesofmanyforeigners,Chinesearethebesthostsandtheworstguestsintheworld.AndWesternhostssometimeslookrudeintheeyesofChineseguests.Itisbecausetheguest-hostrelationshipinChinaisquitedifferentfromthatinsomeWesterncountries.InChina,guestsarealmostlikegods.WheneverIenteraChinesefriend’shome,thereisalwaysfruitonthetableforme,andsomeoneisquicktobringmeacupofteaorwater.IntheWest,generallytheguestisnotagod.Actingaccordingtothehost’swayofdoingthingsisusualbehaviorforaguest.Mywife’smother,averykindChineselady,doesn’tsmoke.WhenIseesomeofherguestssmokinginherhouse,asanon-smoker,Ifeelunhappy.Usually,Iwanttostopthemdirectly,butImustrealizethatinChina,tobeagoodhost,shemustnotdothat.InmostNorthAmericanhomes,ifyouareaguest,andthehostsarenotsmokers,youshouldnotsmokeintheirhouse.Attheveryleast,youshouldask,“IsitOKifIsmoke?”Butdon’tbesurprisediftheysay,“No,youcan’tsmoke.”Inmyculture,ifyousmokeintheirhouse,youareabadguest,butiftheydon’tallowyoutosmokeintheirhouse,theyarenotrudehosts.Inaword,nomatterwhereyouare,thebestwaytobeagoodguestistoadaptto(适应)thehabitsofyourhosts.31．WhenaWesternguestvisitsaChinesefamily,heoften_________.A．buyssomefruit B．bringsacupoftea C．smokes D．feelslikeagod32．Whatwillthewriterprobablysayifaguestwantstosmokeinhishouse?A．Let’ssmoketogether. B．Sorry,youcan’tsmokehere.C．Smokingisabadhabit. D．It’sOKifyousmokehere.33．Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A．TheBestHostsB．TheBestGuestsC．DifferentCulturesinDifferentCountriesD．DifferentGuest-hostRelationshipsinDifferentCultures【答案】31．D32．B33．D【导语】本文主要讲述了中西方在待客之道上的文化差异。31．细节理解题。根据“InChina,guestsarealmostlikegods.WheneverIenteraChinesefriend’shome,thereisalwaysfruitonthetableforme,andsomeoneisquicktobringmeacupofteaorwater.”可知，在中国，客人被视为“神”一样的存在，会受到热情款待，因此西方客人到中国家庭做客时，会感受到自己像“神”一样被对待。故选D。32．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“InmostNorthAmericanhomes,ifyouareaguest,andthehostsarenotsmokers,youshouldnotsmokeintheirhouse.Attheveryleast,youshouldask,‘IsitOKifIsmoke?’Butdon’tbesurprisediftheysay,‘No,youcan’tsmoke.’”可知，如果作者家里不允许吸烟，他会直接拒绝客人的吸烟请求。故选B。33．最佳标题题。全文通过对比中西方在待客之道上的差异，探讨了不同文化背景下主客关系的不同。因此，最合适的标题是“不同文化中的主客关系差异”。故选D。BTheUScelebratesValentine’sDayeachyearonFebruary14.Picturesofhearts,redrosesandboxesofchocolatesareeverywhere.Youcouldsaythat“loveisintheair”.ManyothercountriesandareascelebrateValentine’sDay,too,eachintheirownway.HereisalookatsomeValentine’sDaytraditions.ForSouthKoreans,Valentine’sDayhappensinthreeparts:February14,March14andApril14.OnFebruary14,womengivemengiftsofchocolatetoshowtheirlove.Onemonthlater,onWhiteDay,menshowtheirthanksbygivingwomenasweetgift.AndonApril14,BlackDay,singlepeoplewhodidn’tgetgiftsonFebruary14orMarch14oftengettogethertoeatspecialnoodles.UnlikemanyEuropeancountries,theWelshholidayiscalledSt.Dwynwen’sDayandtakesplaceonJanuary25.Thetraditionalgiftisalovespoon(勺子).Beginninginthe17thcentury,Welshmenmadebeautifulspoonstoshowtheirlovetothatspecialpersonintheirlives.TodayinWales,lovespoonsarealsogivenatweddings(婚礼),birthsandothercelebrations.ArgentinagivesawholeweektoloveinJuly.TheycallitSweetnessWeek.Ifyoukisssomeone,theyhavetogiveyousomecandies.SweetnessWeekstartedin1989.Acandycompany(公司)madeanadcalled“CandyforaKiss”.Theideawastogivethecompany’schocolatesandothercandiesinexchangeforasweetkissonthecheek.Itwassosuccessfulthatitturnedintoanewholiday!34．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“Valentine’sDay”meaninChinese?A．感恩节 B．情人节 C．表白日 D．礼品日35．WhenisWhiteDay?A．OnJanuary14. B．OnFebruary14. C．OnMarch14. D．OnApril14.36．WhatisthetraditionalgiftonSt.Dwynwen’sDay?A．Redroses. B．Boxesofchocolates. C．Sweetcandies. D．Lovespoons.37．WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?A．OnlytheUScelebratesValentine’sDayeachyear.B．InWales,lovespoonsweresometimesgivenatweddingsonlyinthe17thcentury.C．InArgentina,ifyouwanttokissothersonValentine’sDay,youmustgivethemcandiesfirst.D．DifferentcountriesandareascelebrateValentine’sDayindifferentways.【答案】34．B35．C36．D37．D【导语】本文为一篇说明文，讲述了美国、韩国、威尔士以及阿根廷不同的庆祝情人节传统。34．词句猜测题。根据第一段“Picturesofhearts,redrosesandboxesofchocolatesareeverywhere.Youcouldsaythat‘loveisintheair’.”可知，这一天到处都是心形的图片、红玫瑰和巧克力，空气中都洋溢着爱的气息。由此可推测，Valentine’sDay是情人节。故选B。35．推理判断题。由第一个表格“OnFebruary14,womengivemengiftsofchocolatetoshowtheirlove.Onemonthlater,onWhiteDay,menshowtheirthanksbygivingwomenasweetgift.”可知，2月14日女士送男士巧克力来表达爱意，一个月后，即“白色情人节”，男士会回礼以示感谢，由此可推断白色情人节是3月14日。故选C。36．细节理解题。由第二个表格“Thetraditionalgiftisalovespoon.”可知，在圣德文节，传统的礼物是爱之匙。故选D。37．细节理解题。根据第二段“ManyothercountriesandareascelebrateValentine’sDay,too,eachintheirownway.”可知，许多其他国家和地区也以各自的方式庆祝情人节。故选D。CAsubwayisnotjustanimportantformoftransport.Itisalsoawindowforotherpeopletolearnaboutlocalcultures.Beijing,ChinaTheBeijingSubwaywasopenedin1969andistheoldestsubwaysysteminChina.Ithasaddedsomemoderntechnologies.Allstationsnowhavetouch-screenmaps.Insomestations,peoplecanalsoseetraditionalChinesecultures.Forexample,onthewallsofafewstationsofLine8,therearesomepicturesofblueandwhiteporcelain(瓷).Stockholm,SwedenThesystemoftheStockholmSubwayhas100stationsinuse,ofwhich47areundergroundand53aboveground.ThefirstsubwaylineforStockholmwasopenedin1950.TheStockholmSubwayiswell-knownforitsdecorationofthestations.Itiscalledthelongestartgalleryintheworld.Over90percentofitsstationsaredecoratedwithpaintings.Afewstationsaredecoratedwithredbedrocks.Thismakesyoufeelasifyouareinacave(洞穴).London,UKTheLondonUndergroundortheTubeistheoldestsubwayintheworld.Itwasopenedin1863.DuringWorldWarII,itwasusedtoprotectpeoplefromGermanplaneattacksonLondon.Now,itisasymbolofthecity.Thereisnoairconditioninginthetrains,soitisveryhotinsummer.NewYork,USTheNewYorkCitySubwayhasthemostextensive(广泛的)publictransportationsystemintheworld,with469stations.Itisalsooneoftheworld’soldestpublictransitsystems.TheNewYorkCitySubwayruns24hoursaday.Ithasanexpresstrain(特快列车)onalmosteveryline.Youcangettoyourdestinationpromptly.Thetrainsthemselvesarefulloffun;youwillseepeopledoingmoonwalkdanceslikeMichaelJackson,playingtheguitarandsinging.38．TheLondonUnderground________.A．isalsocalledtheTube B．isthesymboloftheUKC．waswellprotectedduringthewar D．wasopenedin196939．InParagraphFive,theunderlinedword“promptly”probablymeans________.A．finally B．carefully C．quickly D．safely40．Thepassagemainlytellsushowsubwaysindifferentcitiesshowtheir________.A．beautifulart B．importanthistory C．localcultures D．busylife41．Wemayreadthepassagefroma________.A．travelmagazine B．sciencebook C．newspaperreport D．picturebook【答案】38．A39．C40．C41．A【导语】本文介绍了北京、斯德哥尔摩、伦敦和纽约的地铁，阐述了地铁不仅是重要交通方式，也是展示当地文化的窗口。38．细节理解题。根据“TheLondonUndergroundortheTubeistheoldestsubwayintheworld.”可知，伦敦地铁也被称为theTube。故选A。39．词句猜测题。根据“TheNewYorkCitySubwayruns24hoursaday.Ithasanexpresstrain(特快列车)onalmosteveryline.”可知，纽约地铁一天24小时运行，且几乎每条线都有特快列车，所以能快速到达目的地，“promptly”意思是“快速地”。故选C。40．主旨大意题。根据“Asubwayisnotjustanimportantformoftransport.Itisalsoawindowforotherpeopletolearnaboutlocalcultures.”以及后文对各地地铁的介绍可知，文章主要讲不同城市的地铁如何展示当地文化。故选C。41．推理判断题。文章介绍了不同城市的地铁及其文化特色，这类内容常见于旅游杂志。故选A。DTablemannersarehowtobehavewhenyoueatameal.Theyincludehowtohandleknives,forksandspoonandhowtoeatinpolitemanner.Tobehavewellabroad,youaretoknowsometablemanners.EatingMannersJapan:itis“perfectly”okaytoslurpwhenyoueatnoodles.Unlikemakingbignoises,slurpingslightlyisnotrude.Japanesealsosayittastesbetterifyouslurp.Russia:yourwristsshouldbeplacedontheedgeofthetablewhileeating,forkinlefthand,andknifeintheright.Itisnotgoodmannerstorestthemonyourlap.Keepyourelbowsoffthetable.Leavesomefoodonyourplatetoshowthatthehosthasgivenyouenoughtoeat.France:neverdiscussmoneyorreligionoverdinner.WhatisdifferentfromthemannersinRussiaisthatfinishingeverythingonyourplateisconsideredgoodmanners.Mexico:wheneveryoucatchtheeyeofsomeonewho’eating,evenastranger,it’sgoodmannerstosay“provecho”whichmeansenjoy.InMexico,diningismorethanameal.It’sasocialoccasion—lunchesareseldomquickandsupperscanlastforhours.Whereyousitmattersinthecountry.Beforeyougetseated,lookforplacecards,orwaituntilthehostseatsyou.Andyoumustsay“enjoyyourmeal”beforeyouleavethetable.DrinkingMannersAmerica:ifyouemptyabottleintosomeone’sglass,itobligesthatpersontobuythenextbottle.It’spolitetoputthelastdropsintoyourownglass.Australia:inapubit’susualtobuyaroundofdrinksforeveryoneinyourgroup.Whenit’syourturn,say“It’smyround”.Whenit’stheirround,theywillbuyitforyou.Don’tleavebeforeyou’veboughtaround.Japan:Don’tfillyourownglassofalcohol.Instead,youshouldpourforothersandwaitforthemtodoitforyou.42．WhenyouareattableinMexico,youshould________.A．keepsilentifyoucatchtheeyeofastrangerB．eatasquicklyasyoucantosaveyourtimeC．wishothershappywitheatingbeforeleavingthetableD．seatyourselfanywherebeforethehosttellyouto43．Accordingtothepassage,itisgoodmannersto________.A．keepquietwheneatingnoodlesinJapan B．leavesomefoodonyourplateinFranceC．puttheforkintherighthandinRussia D．taketurnstotreateachotherinAustralia44．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleofthepassage?A．Eatingmanners B．Drinkingmanners C．Tablemanners D．Countrymanners45．Thewritertellsusthetablemannersinmanycountriesinorderto________.A．attractustothesecountriestoenjoyforeignfoodB．helpusbehaveinapolitemannersindifferentcountriesC．teachesushowtohandleknives,forksandspoonsD．makeusbeabletoexpressthankstodifferenthosts【答案】42．C43．D44．C45．B【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了不同国家餐桌上的礼节，了解这些，有助于我们了解世界不同的文化背景，更好地做有礼貌的人。42．细节理解题。根据“Andyoumustsay‘enjoyyourmeal’beforeyouleavethetable.”可知，在你离开餐桌之前，你必须说“好好享受你的晚餐”意思与C选项吻合，故选C。43．细节理解题。根据“Inapubit’susualtobuyaroundofdrinksforeveryoneinyourgroup.Whenit’syourturn,say‘It’smyround’.Whenit’stheirround,theywillbuyitforyou.”可知，在酒吧里，通常为你小组里的每个人买一杯酒。轮到你时，说：“这轮轮到我了”。轮到他们的时候，他们会买给你。由此可推知在澳大利亚互相轮流请客是有礼貌的，故选D。44．最佳标题题。根据“Tablemannersarehowtobehavewhenyoueatameal.Theyincludehowtohandleknives,forksandspoonsandhowtoeatinpolitemanners.Tobehavewellabroad,youaretoknowsometablemanners.”以及全文可知，文中具体讲述了餐桌礼仪，所以C选项“Tablemanners”符合标题，故选C。45．推理判断题。根据“Tobehavewellabroad,youaretoknowsometablemanners”可知，作者告诉我们不同国家餐桌上的礼仪，是为了帮助我们在不同国家做一个举止规范懂礼貌的人，故选B。四、词汇运用(共10小题；每小题1分，计10分)根据句子意思，用括号中所给汉语提示或英语单词的适当形式填空。在答题卡标有题号的横线上，写出空缺处所填单词的正确形式。46．Heoften________(表现)likeachild,althoughheisinhisforties.【答案】behaves【详解】句意：他虽然四十多岁了，但常常表现得像个孩子。“表现”对应behave。He是第三人称单数，且often表示一般现在时，所以动词要使用第三人称单数形式behaves。47．Lookatthepicturesonthewallinthe________(走廊).Theyareours.【答案】hallway/hallways【详解】句意：看这条/这些走廊墙上的画。它们是我们的。根据“the”及句意，此处应填名词作介词in的宾语。“走廊”为名词hallway，可用单数形式hallway或复数形式hallways。48．Youshould________(遵守)thetrafficruleswhencrossingtheroad.【答案】obey【详解】句意：过马路时，你应该遵守交通规则。should是情态动词，后接动词原形；obey作动词，意为“遵守”，常与名词rules搭配使用。故填obey。49．Youshouldbe________(礼貌的)totheoldpeopleonthebus.【答案】polite【详解】句意：在公交车上，你应该对老人保持礼貌。“礼貌的”polite，形容词作表语。故填polite。50．Sheisa________(耐心的)teacherandalwayshelpsherstudentswiththeirproblems.【答案】patient【详解】句意：她是一位有耐心的老师，总是帮助学生解决问题。此处需要形容词作定语修饰名词teacher，patient意为“耐心的”，符合句意。故填patient。51．Theyhavejusthada________(discuss)aboutwheretospendtheirholidays.【答案】discussion【详解】句意：他们刚刚讨论了要去哪里度假。haveadiscussion“进行讨论”，是固定搭配。52．Don’tleaveAlice________(wait)outsideintherain.【答案】waiting【详解】句意：别让爱丽丝在外面雨中等着。句中“leave”在此处意为“让，使”，常见用法为“leavesbdoingsth”，表示“让某人一直做某事”；“waiting”是“wait”的动名词形式，在这里符合“leavesbdoingsth”这一结构，符合句意。53．Mymother________cooksbreakfastforusat7o’clockinthemorning.(normal)【答案】normally【详解】句意：我妈妈通常在早上7点为我们做早餐。空格处修饰动词cooks，需用副词，normal的副词形式为normally（通常）。54．Weshouldspeaktoothers________,it’sabasicpolitebehaviour.(polite)【答案】politely【详解】句意：我们应该礼貌地与他人交谈，这是基本的礼貌行为。修饰动词短语“speaktoothers”，需用副词形式，表示“礼貌地”。“polite”为形容词，其副词形式为“politely”。55．His________(behave)inpublicisnotgood.Heneedstoimprove.【答案】behavior【详解】句意：他在公共场合的行为举止不好。他需要改进。分析句子结构可知，句子缺少主语，“His”是形容词性物主代词，后接名词。“behave”是动词，其名词形式是“behavior”，表示“行为，举止”，在句中作主语。故填behavior。五、阅读表达(共5小题；每小题2分，计10分)阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答下列问题。注意：每题答案不得超过6个词。Someanimalsarehelpfultohumans.Asweknow,dogsareman’sbestfriends.Somepeoplekeepdogsaspets.Otherdogsaretrainedtohelppeoplewithspecialneedsandwecallthem“assistancedogs”.Guidedogs,forexample,helptheblindgetaroundsafely.Therearealsoautism(孤独症)assistancedogs.Asthenamesuggests,thedogssupportautisticchildren.Today,Chinahasmorethantenmillionautisticpatients.Nearlyone-fifthofthemarechildren.Astheyseemtoliveintheirown“world”,they’realsoknownas“childrenofthestars”.There’snomedicinetotreatautism.However,studiesshowthatdogscangivethemahelpinghand.In2021,thefirstschooltotrainautismassistancedogswassetupinShanghai.Attheendof2023,thefirstgroupofthreedogsfinishedtheirtraining.Theschoolheldaspecialgraduationceremony(毕业典礼)forthem.Attheceremony,theyshowedtheirskillsonstage.Familieswithautisticchildrenagedbetweenthreeandtwelvecanapplytohaveoneofthesedogs.Manyparentshaveshownaninterestintheprogramme.“It’shardforustogetclosetoourkids,”saidoneofthem.“Withthedogs,Ihopethattheycanfeellesslonely.”56．Whatcanhelptheblindgetaroundsafely?57．Ifthereare300autisticpatients,howmanychildrenareamongthem?58．Whendidpeoplesetupthefirstschooltotrainautismassistancedogs?59．Whatdidtheschooldoafterthethreedogsfinishedtheirtraining?60．Whohasshownaninterestintheprogramme?【答案】56．Guidedogs.57．60.58．In2021.59．Heldagraduationceremony.60．Manyparents.【导语】本文介绍辅助犬的作用，重点讲述中国孤独症辅助犬培训学校的成立、毕业情况及该项目受患儿家长关注。56．根据“Guidedogs,forexample,helptheblindgetaroundsafely.”可知，导盲犬可以帮助盲人安全出行，故填Guidedogs.57．根据“Nearlyone-fifthofthemarechildren.”可知，五分之一是儿童，300的五分之一为60，故填60.58．根据“In2021,thefirstschooltotrainautismassistancedogswassetupinShanghai.”可知，学校成立于2021年，故填In2021.59．根据“Theschoolheldaspecialgraduationceremonyforthem.”可知，学校为它们举办了毕业典礼，故填Heldagraduationceremony.60．根据“Manyparentshaveshownaninterestintheprogramme.”可知，许多家长对此感兴趣，故填Manyparents.六、缺词填空(共10空；每空1分，计10分)根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整。在答题卡标有题号的横线上，完整地写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。(每空一词)Inrecentyears,ithasbecomepopularforwomentowearatraditionalqipaodress,especiallyduringtheNationalCollegeEntranceExamination,betterk61as“gaokao”.Manymotherswearaqipaotowishtheirchildrengoodl62intheexam.ThereasonisthatqipaostandsfortheChinesephrase“qikaidesheng”,m63victory.Somepeopleb64qipaocamefromgowns(长袍)wornbywomenintheQingDynasty.InfluencedbyWesternc65,theychangedcontinuallyduringtheearly20thcentury,becomingmorefittedandbody-hugging(贴身的).Afteryearsofdevelopment,qipaoarenowm66dividedintoBeijingstyles,ShanghaistylesandHongKongstyles.Therearemanyd67incolouranddesign.TheBeijing-styleqipaoismoretraditionalthanShanghai-styleandHongKong-styleqipao.ThecoloursofBeijing-styleqipaoarem68brighter.High-qualityBeijing-styleqipaoareusuallymadebyhand,sothepriceisveryh69.Qipaoisaveryclassicproducttorepr