广东省湛江市2024-2025学年高一上学期期末调研考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1广东省湛江市2024-2025学年高一上学期期末调研考试英语试题第一部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AHereareseveralChineselocationsnamed“BestTourismVillage”bytheUNWTO.XidivillageLocatedinHuangshanintheeasternprovinceofAnhui,Xidiisanancientvillagedatingback970years.ItwaslistedasaUNESCOWorldHeritageSitein2000andisfamousforitshistoricalarchitectureincludingamemorialarchway(牌楼)andancestraltemplesanditsHuizhouculture.YucunvillageYucunsitsinAnjiintheeasternprovinceofZhejiang,whichhastransformedfromapollutedvillageintoatourismdestinationsurroundedbyclearwaterandgreenmountainsthankstothelocalauthoritiesandresidents’greatefforts.HuanglingvillageLocatedinWuyuan,JiangxiProvince,Huanglingisanancientvillagebuiltonahillsideatanaltitudeofabout1,260meters.Thevillagehasahistorydatingback600yearsandisknownforthetraditionofair-dryingagriculturalproductswithbamboo-woventrays.ZhaganavillageZhagana,meaning“stonebox”intheTibetanlanguage,sitsatanaltitudeof3,500metersintheGannanTibetanautonomousprefectureofGansuProvince.Withsteepmountains,forests,lakesandgrasslands,therearealsostonewallsthatshapethevillageintoa“stonepalace”.JingzhuvillageLocatedinChongqing,Jingzhuisrichinnaturalresourcesincludingforests,grasslandsandvalleys.Thestrongculturalvibes(氛围)andfolkactivities,suchasshadowpuppets,waxprintingandbambooweaving,makethevillageapopulartouristdestination.XiajiangvillageThisvillageliesinamountainousareainChun’anCounty,ZhejiangProvince,withahistorydatingbackabout800years.Ithasearnedastrikingspotforitsunspoilednaturalbeautyandauniqueculturalheritagethatspansfromtraditionalfolkculturetohistorical“redculture”.1.Wherecanyouenjoyoldtemplesandspeciallocalculture?A.Xidivillage. B.Huanglingvillage.C.Zhaganavillage. D.Jingzhuvillage.2.WhatcanyouseeinZhaganavillage?A.Bambooweaving.B.Thehighestmountain.C.Specialstonebuildings.D.Variousagricultureproducts.3.WhatdoYucunvillageandXiajiangvillagehaveincommon?A.Theyhaveahistoryofnearly1,000years.B.Theyarelocatedinthesameprovince.C.Theyusedtobeseriouslypolluted.D.Theywerebuiltbylocalresidents.【答案】1.A2.C3.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了中国几个被联合国旅游组织评选出的“最佳旅游乡村”。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据Xidivillage部分中“ItwaslistedasaUNESCOWorldHeritageSitein2000andisfamousforitshistoricalarchitectureincludingamemorialarchway(牌楼)andancestraltemplesanditsHuizhouculture.(2000年，它被联合国教科文组织列为世界遗产，以其历史建筑而闻名，包括牌坊、古寺庙和徽州文化)”可知，在安徽西递村有着古老的寺庙和独特的徽州文化，如果对古寺庙和当地文化感兴趣可以去西递村。故选A。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据Zhaganavillage部分中“Withsteepmountains,forests,lakesandgrasslands,therearealsostonewallsthatshapethevillageintoa“stonepalace”.(这里有陡峭的山脉、森林、湖泊和草原，还有石墙，把村庄塑造成一个“石头宫殿”)”可知，在这里可以看到很多特殊的石头建筑。故选C。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据Yucunvillage部分中“YucunsitsinAnjiintheeasternprovinceofZhejiang,whichhastransformedfromapollutedvillageintoatourismdestinationsurroundedbyclearwaterandgreenmountainsthankstothelocalauthoritiesandresidents’greatefforts.(余村位于浙江省东部的安吉县，由于当地政府和居民的巨大努力，已从一个污染严重的村庄转变为被清澈的水和绿色山脉环绕的旅游目的地)”以及Xiajiangvillage部分中“ThisvillageliesinamountainousareainChun’anCounty,ZhejiangProvince,withahistorydatingbackabout800years.(位于浙江省淳安县山区的下姜村有着大约800年的历史)”可知，这两个村都是位于浙江省境内的。故选B。BThefirsttimeIrealizedthatIhadaloveforsportscompetitionswasduringtheFieldDayinprimaryschool.Smallformyage,andmoreofabook-loverthanasports-lover,Ihadsufferedthatspecialhumiliationofbeingpickedlastforvariousgymteams.TheFieldDay,whichfocusedonindividual(个体的)skills,however,wasdifferent.IntheSoftballThrowevent,Igotmyfirsttasteofsportingvictory.Creditgoestotheexampleofmyfirstcoach,myfather.Heliftedweightseverymorningathome.Heboughtusallbaseballglovesandhats,andinthewarmmonths,wespenthoursplayingcatch.Whenfallcame,ourbackyardfootballgamesbeganwithpassingpractice.OnceIgottoseventhgradeandwenttomiddleschool,ourentirestudentbodywasassignedtoeithertheRedortheWhiteteam.Throughouttheyear,wecompetedagainsteachotherinvariousgamesandexercisesforpoints.IeventuallybecamepresidentofTheCommitteeofGames,speedingupmycompetitivefever.Ialsoplayedonthefieldhockeyteamandthebasketballteam.Andathome,playingtennis,skating,skiingandbikingweresimplynormalthingswedid.AsIattendedcollege,myroommateandIeventookupthehabitofcompletingRoyalCanadianAirForce(RCAF)exerciseseveryday,apracticethatcontinuedintomymarriage,whenwehadnosparemoneytousetojoinagym.So,though,itshockssomeofourfriends,thatearlyfoundation(基础)developedinadulthoodintoasportsandfitnessfocus,considerednecessaryevenonvacation.Istilllovereadingandthearts,too.AsfarasI’mconcerned,lifeistherichestwithmyfeetinbothworlds.4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“humiliation”meaninparagraph1?A.Shame. B.Regret. C.Glory. D.Responsibility.5.Intheauthor’sview,whatledtohervictoryintheSoftballThrowevent?A.Herconfidenceinhersportsskills. B.Thesportstalentfromherfather.C.Heradvancedsportsglovesandhats. D.Thetrainingofferedbyherfather.6.Whathappenedaftertheauthorsteppedintoadulthood?A.Shecontinuedherpassionforsports. B.Shepreferredreadingtoworkingout.C.Sheregularlyexercisedonweekends. D.ShejoinedRoyalCanadianAirForce.7.Whatistheauthor’spurposeofwritingthearticle?A.Toshowherfather’sguidanceonsports.B.Toexpressherloveforsportsandfitness.C.Tostressthebenefitsofphysicalexercise.D.Toshareherchildhoodmemoriesaboutsports.【答案】4.A5.D6.A7.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者从童年到成年对体育从疏远到热爱的过程。【4题详析】词句猜测题。由文章第一段中“Smallformyage,andmoreofabook-loverthanasports-lover,Ihadsufferedthatspecialhumiliationofbeingpickedlastforvariousgymteams.(就我的年龄而言，我个子矮小，而且我更喜欢读书，而不是体育运动。我曾遭受过一种特别的humiliation，在各种体育运动队中，我都是最后一个被选中的)”可知，作者提到她曾经因为体型较小而经常成为体育团队中最后被挑选的一员，这让她感到羞愧、羞耻。humiliation在这里的意思是“羞愧，羞耻”。A.Shame羞愧，羞耻；B.Regret遗憾；C.Glory荣耀；D.Responsibility责任。故选A。【5题详析】细节理解题。由文章第一段中“Creditgoestotheexampleofmyfirstcoach,myfather.Heliftedweightseverymorningathome.Heboughtusallbaseballglovesandhats,andinthewarmmonths,wespenthoursplayingcatch.Whenfallcame,ourbackyardfootballgamesbeganwithpassingpractice.(这要归功于我的第一个教练，我的父亲。他每天早上在家举重。他给我们每个人都买了棒球手套和帽子，在温暖的月份里，我们花几个小时玩接球游戏。秋天来临时，我们的后院足球比赛开始于传球练习)”可知，在作者看来，她父亲提供的训练导致了她在垒球投掷项目中的胜利。故选D。【6题详析】推理判断题。由文章第二段中“AsIattendedcollege,myroommateandIeventookupthehabitofcompletingRoyalCanadianAirForce(RCAF)exerciseseveryday,apracticethatcontinuedintomymarriage,whenwehadnosparemoneytousetojoinagym.(当我上大学时，我和室友甚至养成了每天完成加拿大皇家空军（RCAF）训练的习惯，当我们没有多余的钱去参加健身房时，这种习惯一直持续到我结婚)”和最后一段中“So,though,itshockssomeofourfriends,thatearlyfoundation(基础)developedinadulthoodintoasportsandfitnessfocus,considerednecessaryevenonvacation.(因此，尽管这让我们的一些朋友感到震惊，但这种早期的基础在成年后发展成为运动和健身的重点，甚至在度假时也被认为是必要的)”可知，成年后作者继续保持着对运动的热情。故选A。【7题详析】推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是根据文章第一段中“ThefirsttimeIrealizedthatIhadaloveforsportscompetitionswasduringtheFieldDayinprimaryschool.(我第一次意识到我对体育比赛的热爱是在小学的体育比赛日期间)”和最后一段中“So,though,itshockssomeofourfriends,thatearlyfoundation(基础)developedinadulthoodintoasportsandfitnessfocus,considerednecessaryevenonvacation.(因此，尽管这让我们的一些朋友感到震惊，但这种早期的基础在成年后发展成为运动和健身的重点，甚至在度假时也被认为是必要的)”可知，文章主要讲述了作者从小热爱体育，并把这种对体育的热爱持续到了成年，作者写这篇文章的目的是表达她对运动和健身的热爱。故选B。CWhenevervisitingamuseum,inadditiontoappreciatingthewisdominthesehistoricalbooks,SongJingalsofocusesonhowtheyarebound(装帧)andpresented.This“bookdoctor”hasbeenworkingintherestoration(修复)departmentforancientbooksforeightyears.AfterfinishingstudiescourseatPekingUniversityin2015,shehasbeenworkedinrestoringmorethan100ancientculturalrelics.Atthemoment,SongisworkingonrestoringacopyofYongleDadian,anencyclopediacreatedin1408intheMingDynasty.Acceptingthechallenge,Songandhercolleaguesspentsixmonthsresearchinganddecidingonhowtorepairthebooks.“MostbooksfromYongleDadianhavesuffereddamagetotheiroriginalbinding,”Songsaid.“Torestorethemtotheiroriginalform,weneedtogatherinformationfromvarioussources,”sheexplained.Inthepast,restorershadtorelyontheirexperiencetochoosethesuitablematerialstouse.Astechnologyhasimproved,theycanuseanewmethodthroughmicroscopes.However,technologycanonlyhelpsomuch,asrestorationstillneedsnecessaryhand-onskills,includingcuttingandbrushingpaperandbinding.Therestorationalsorequiresstrongcontrolwhenbrushingthepaper.“Ifthepressureisnotcontrolledwellduringthebrushingprocess,thepapermaytear,butifthetouchistoolight,thepaperwon’tstay,”Songexplained.Becauseofthetoughandcomplexprocess,theancientbooksrestorationtechniqueofthenationallibrarywaslistedasanational-levelintangibleculturalheritagein2008.“IamgladthatIcanbeofsomehelpininspiringmoreyoungpeopletofindtheirlifelongloveinthefieldofculturalheritagepreservation,”saidSong.8.WhatdoesSongJingdoasa“bookdoctor”?A.Repairsoldbooks. B.Writeshistoricalbooks.C.Appreciatesculturalheritage. D.Collectsinformationabouthistoricalevents.9.WhatcanwelearnaboutYongleDadianfromparagraph2?A.Itisnotingoodshape. B.ItisamusicbookofMingDynasty.C.Itsrestorationworkhasbeenfinished. D.Ittakesaboutsixmonthstorepairthebooks.10.WhichofthefollowingwordsbestdescribeSongJing?A.Patientandoutgoing. B.Devotedandskillful.C.Generousandcurious. D.Smartandwarm-hearted.11.WhatdoesSongthinkofherjobaccordingtothelastparagraph?A.Tough. B.Boring. C.Well-paid. D.Meaningful.【答案】8.A9.A10.B11.D【语篇解读】本文为说明文。文章主要介绍了古籍修复师宋静的工作内容、她在修复《永乐大典》等古籍方面的努力与挑战、技术方法的更新，以及她对自己职业价值的认识。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Whenevervisitingamuseum,inadditiontoappreciatingthewisdominthesehistoricalbooks,SongJingalsofocusesonhowtheyarebound(装帧)andpresented.This“bookdoctor”hasbeenworkingintherestoration(修复)departmentforancientbooksforeightyears.(每当参观博物馆时，除了欣赏这些史书中的智慧，宋静也会关注它们是如何装订和呈现的。这位“书医”在古籍修复部工作了8年。)”可知，她的工作是修复古书。故选A。【9题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Atthemoment,SongisworkingonrestoringacopyofYongleDadian,anencyclopediacreatedin1408intheMingDynasty.Acceptingthechallenge,Songandhercolleaguesspentsixmonthsresearchinganddecidingonhowtorepairthebooks.“MostbooksfromYongleDadianhavesuffereddamagetotheiroriginalbinding,”Songsaid.“Torestorethemtotheiroriginalform,weneedtogatherinformationfromvarioussources,”sheexplained.(目前，宋正在修复一部明代1408年编纂的百科全书《永乐大典》。宋和她的同事们接受了挑战，花了六个月的时间研究并决定如何修复这些书。宋说：“永乐大典的大部分书籍的原始装订都受到了损坏。”。她解释说：“为了将它们恢复到原始状态，我们需要从各种来源收集信息。”。)”可知，表明《永乐大典》的原始装订遭受了损害，并非处于良好状态。故选A。【10题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Whenevervisitingamuseum,inadditiontoappreciatingthewisdominthesehistoricalbooks,SongJingalsofocusesonhowtheyarebound(装帧)andpresented.This“bookdoctor”hasbeenworkingintherestoration(修复)departmentforancientbooksforeightyears.(每当参观博物馆时，除了欣赏这些史书中的智慧，宋静也会关注它们是如何装订和呈现的。这位“书医”在古籍修复部工作了8年。)”、第三段““Ifthepressureisnotcontrolledwellduringthebrushingprocess,thepapermaytear,butifthetouchistoolight,thepaperwon’tstay,”Songexplained.(宋解释说：“如果在刷纸过程中压力控制不好，纸张可能会撕裂，但如果触感太轻，纸张就不会留下来。”。)”、最后一段““IamgladthatIcanbeofsomehelpininspiringmoreyoungpeopletofindtheirlifelongloveinthefieldofculturalheritagepreservation,”saidSong.(宋说：“我很高兴能在激励更多年轻人在文化遗产保护领域找到他们一生的挚爱方面有所帮助。”)”可知，文章第三段描述了修复古籍需要的手艺和技巧，说明宋静的技术非常熟练。此外，文章第二段提到宋静已经从事古籍修复工作八年了，并在最后一段提到宋静很高兴能够为激发更多年轻人对文化遗产保护领域的热爱做出贡献，这表现出她对工作的投入和敬业。故选B。【11题详析】推理判断题。最后一段中““IamgladthatIcanbeofsomehelpininspiringmoreyoungpeopletofindtheirlifelongloveinthefieldofculturalheritagepreservation,”saidSong.(宋说：“我很高兴能在激励更多年轻人在文化遗产保护领域找到他们一生的挚爱方面有所帮助。”)”可知，她认为自己的工作是有意义的。故选D。DWhenlearningaforeignlanguage,mostpeoplefallbackontraditionalways:reading,writing,listeningandrepeating.ButBrianMathias’researchteamfoundoutthatifyougesture(做手势)withyourarmswhilestudying,youcanrememberthevocabularybetter,evenmonthslater.AsMathiasdescribes,theyhad22German-speakingadultslearnatotalof90inventedwordsoverfourdays.Whilethetestsubjectsfirstheardthenewvocabulary,theywereshownavideoofapersonmakingagesturethatmatchedthemeaningoftheword.Whenthewordwasrepeated,thesubjectsperformedthegesturethemselves.Fivemonthslater,theywereaskedtotranslatethevocabularytheyhadlearnedintoGerman.Atthesametime,theyhadequipmentattachedtotheirheadsthatsentweakdistractingsignalstotheirprimarymotorcortex(运动皮层)—thebrainareathatcontrolsvoluntaryarmmovements.Thosewhoperformedbetteronthetaskshowedahigherlevelofactivityintheirmotorcortex.Theresearchersconcludedthatthemotorcortexcontributedtothetranslationofthevocabularylearnedwithgestures.Theeffectdidnotoccurwhenthesubjectswereonlypresentedwithmatchingpicturesinsteadofgestures.AnotherresearchgroupledbyLeipzighadyoungadultsandeight-year-oldchildrenlistentonewvocabularyforfivedays,pairedwithmatchingpicturesorvideosofgestures.Aftertwomonths,thetwomethodswerestillequallyeffective.Butaftersixmonths,theadultsbenefitedmorefromthegesturesthanthepictures,whilethechildrenwerehelpedequallybyboth.Butitisnotonlythemotorcortexitselfthatpromoteslearning.Themeaningexpressedbythegesturealsofiguresin,“Ithinkweunderusegestureinourclassrooms,”Goldin-Meadowsays.“Goodteachersandgoodlistenersuseit,butnotalwaysinasystematicway.Othersdon’tnecessarilybringitintotheclass—anditcouldbeusedmoreoftenandmoreeffectively.”12.WhatdoweknowaccordingtoBrianMathias’research?A.Thoseonlypresentedwithmatchingpicturesperformedbetter.B.Themotorcortexhadnothingtodowiththevocabularylearning.C.Theresearchconcludedthatgesturesbenefitedvocabularylearning.D.22German-speakingadultsandchildrenwerechosenasthetestsubjects.13.Whywasequipmentattachedtothesubjects’headsduringMathias’test?A.Tocountwords. B.Torecordemotion.C.Toinfluencebrainactivity. D.Togivecluestoquestions.14.WhatdoesLeipzig’sresearchtellusaboutlanguagelearning?A.Adultsandchildrenareequallygoodlearners.B.Pictureshavelittleinfluenceonlanguagelearning.C.Picturesarefoundmorehelpfulthanvideosforchildren.D.Benefitsofgesturesaremoreobviousinadultsinthelongrun.15.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestteachersdointheclassroom?A.Makebetteruseofgestures.B.Teachlisteninginasystematicway.C.Avoidtraditionalteachingapproaches.D.Dosomescientificresearchesonteaching.【答案】12.C13.C14.D15.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了研究发现利用手势学习外语更有利于记忆单词。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“ButBrianMathias’researchteamfoundoutthatifyougesture(做手势)withyourarmswhilestudying,youcanrememberthevocabularybetter,evenmonthslater.(但BrianMathias的研究团队发现，如果你在学习时用手臂做手势，即使几个月后，你也能更好地记住词汇。)”可知，BrianMathias的研究总结出运用手势有利于单词学习。故选C。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Atthesametime,theyhadequipmentattachedtotheirheadsthatsentweakdistractingsignalstotheirprimarymotorcortex(运动皮层)—thebrainareathatcontrolsvoluntaryarmmovements.(与此同时，他们的头上安装了设备，向他们的初级运动皮层——控制自主手臂运动的大脑区域——发送微弱的分散注意力的信号。)”可知，这种设备会影响大脑活动。故选C。【14题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Aftertwomonths,thetwomethodswerestillequallyeffective.Butaftersixmonths,theadultsbenefitedmorefromthegesturesthanthepictures,whilethechildrenwerehelpedequallybyboth.(两个月后，这两种方法仍然同样有效。但六个月后，成年人从手势中受益比图片更多，而孩子们则从两者中得到了同等的帮助。)”可知，从长远来看，手势学习的好处对成年人更明显。故选D。【15题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的““Ithinkweunderusegestureinourclassrooms,”Goldin-Meadowsays.“Goodteachersandgoodlistenersuseit,butnotalwaysinasystematicway.Othersdon’tnecessarilybringitintotheclass—anditcouldbeusedmoreoftenandmoreeffectively.”(戈尔丁-梅多说：“我认为我们在课堂上没有充分利用手势。好的老师和好的听众会使用它，但并不总是系统地使用。其他人不一定会把它带到课堂上，但它可以更经常、更有效地使用。”)”可推测出，作者建议老师更充分地使用手势。故选A。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Mentally(精神上)strongpeopleareabletodealwithandrecoverfromeventhemostterribleconditions.Todevelopyourmentalstrength,herearesomesuggestions.BelieveinyourselfYou’vemadeitthisfar.____16____.Holdontoitevenonemoremoment,andyoucansurvivewhateveryou’regoingthrough.Itwon’tbeeasy,sowhenyoufeellikeyou’reabouttofallapart,closeyoureyes,takeadeepbreathandremindyourselfyoucandoit.RediscoveryourinterestinlifeEmotionallystrongpeoplevieweachdayasagift.Theytrytostructurethemselvessothatthegiftistakenadvantageoffully.____17____—playingwithleavesinthefall,drawingasmallanimal,oreatingasweet.Findthatinnerchild.Bethatinnerchild.Yourabilitytobementallyandemotionallystrongdependsonit.____18____Doeseverylittlethingangeryou?____19____.Trycuttingyourlifedowntoafewkeyvaluesthatmeantheworldtoyou,anddon’tworryaboutanythingelse.AsSylviaRobinsononcesaid,“Somepeoplethinkit’sholdingonthatmakesonestrong—sometimesit’slettinggo.”ReachouttothosewhomeanthemosttoyouSpendtimewithfriendsandfamily,alongwithotherswhoaresupportiveandpositive.Ifnooneisavailable,makenewfriends.Andiftherearenofriendstobefound,helpotherswhoareingreaterneed.____20____.A.PickyourfightswiselyB.BethankfulforwhatyouhaveC.TellyourselfyoucanmakeitthroughjustonemoredayD.Youcanfindstrengthsinbetteringsomeoneelse’slifeE.AskyourselfwhyandwhethertheselittlethingsmatterF.It’senoughtomakeyoufindouthowstrangelyunluckyyouareG.Rememberwhenyouwereachild,youcouldgetexcitedbythesimplestwondersoflife【答案】16.C17.G18.A19.E20.D【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了一些可以令人精神强大的建议。【16题详析】根据上文“You’vemadeitthisfar.(你已经走到这一步了)”以及下文“Holdontoitevenonemoremoment,andyoucansurvivewhateveryou’regoingthrough.(哪怕再多坚持一会儿，你就能熬过你正在经历的一切。)”可知，此处是说你已经走到这一步了，再坚持一下，就能熬过去，C项“告诉自己再坚持一天就能成功”符合语境，故选C。【17题详析】根据下文“playingwithleavesinthefall,drawingasmallanimal,oreatingasweet.Findthatinnerchild.Bethatinnerchild.(在秋天玩树叶，画一只小动物，或者吃一颗糖。找到你内心的孩子。做那个内心的孩子。)”可知，此处是说孩童时代会因一些小事感到快乐，现在找到并在内心做那个孩子，G项“当你还是个孩子的时候，你会对生活中最简单的事感到兴奋。”符合语境，破折号后的“playingwithleavesinthefall,drawingasmallanimal,oreatingasweet”是对G项中“thesimplestwondersoflife”举例说明，故选G。【18题详析】根据本段中“Trycuttingyourlifedowntoafewkeyvaluesthatmeantheworldtoyou,anddon’tworryaboutanythingelse.AsSylviaRobinsononcesaid,‘Somepeoplethinkit’sholdingonthatmakesonestrong—sometimesit’slettinggo.’(试着把你的生活精简到几个对你来说最重要的关键价值观，不要担心其他任何事情。正如SylviaRobinson曾经说过的，‘有些人认为是坚持让一个人变得坚强——有时候是放手。’)”可知，本段主要是说要选择重要的事情，而放手其他的事情，A项“明智地选择困扰你的事情”适合作为小标题，故选A。【19题详析】空前“Doeseverylittlethingangeryou?(每一件小事都让你生气吗？)”提出问题：每一件小事都让你生气吗？E项“问问自己这些小事是否重要”承接上文，符合语境，E项中“theselittlethings”呼应上文“littlething”，故选E。【20题详析】上文“Andiftherearenofriendstobefound,helpotherswhoareingreaterneed.(如果找不到朋友，那就帮助那些更需要帮助的人。)”提到去帮助别人，D项“你可以在帮改善别人生活的过程中发现优点”符合语境，D项中“betteringsomeoneelse’slife”呼应上文的“helpothers”，故选D。第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。OnaSundayevening,IwasridinghomewhenIsawamaninfrontofme,abouthalfamileaway.Inoticedthemanwastravellingataspeedlowerthanme.So,Idecidedto____21____him.Ihadabouta____22____togoontheroadbeforeturningoff.SoIstartedcyclingfasterandfasterandeveryblock,Iwasgainingonhimjustalittlebit.Justwithinminutes,Iwasabout50m____23____him,soIgatheredallmy____24____andtriedhardtoovertakehim,andfinally,Iwasaheadofhim.And,finally,Icaughtupwithhimandpassedhimby.Within,whilehehadnocluethatwewereina____25____,Ifeltlikeawinner,“Iwon”.AfterI____26____him,IrealizedthatIhadbeenso____27____competingagainsthimthatIhad____28____myturn,hadgonenearlysix____29____pastitandhadtoturnaroundandgoallback.Isn’tthatwhat____30____inlife?Wespendmostofourtimein____31____withneighbors,friends,family,tryingtooutperformthem,ortryingtobeinfrontofthemthoughwewere____32____intheracewiththem.Weusemostofourtimeand____33____incompetitionandinsteadof____34____ourdestination,wemissoutonourown____35____toourhappylife.21.A.overtake B.follow C.beat D.contact22.A.hour B.mile C.kilometer D.minute23.A.over B.beside C.ahead D.behind24.A.spirit B.courage C.strength D.mind25.A.race B.group C.team D.channel26.A.told B.passed C.stopped D.informed27.A.tiredof B.focusedon C.worriedabout D.usedto28.A.lost B.changed C.found D.missed29.A.streets B.departments C.blocks D.buildings30.A.avoids B.defeats C.happens D.shows31.A.competition B.performance C.communication D.terms32.A.often B.usually C.ever D.never33.A.money B.speed C.energy D.luck34.A.ignoring B.reaching C.forgetting D.continuing35.A.paths B.doors C.bridges D.halls【答案】21.A22.B23.D24.C25.A26.B27.B28.D29.C30.C31.A32.D33.C34.B35.A【语篇解读】本文是篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过讲述作者在骑车回家的路上所发生的一段故事，提示人们不要将时间过多地浪费在和其他人攀比上，要专注于自己的目标，走自己的路。【21题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以，我决定超过他。A.overtake超过；B.follow跟随；C.beat打败；D.contact联系。根据下文的“soIgatheredallmyandtriedhardtoovertakehim,andfinally,Iwasaheadofhim.”（所以我集中了所有的力量，努力超越他，最后，我超过了他。）可知，作者是想要超过他。故选A。【22题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我在这条路上再走大约一英里就转弯了。A.hour小时；B.mile英里；C.kilometer公里；D.minute分钟。根据前文“OnaSundayevening,IwasridinghomewhenIsawamaninfrontofme,abouthalfamileaway.”（一个星期天的晚上，我正骑车回家，这时我看见一个男人在我前面，大约半英里远。）中的“halfamile”和“Inoticedthemanwastravellingataspeedlowerthanme.”（我注意到那个人的速度比我慢。）可知，那个人在作者前面半英里远，速度还比他慢，而作者想要超过他，应该是因为自己还有大约一英里的路程就转弯了。故选B。【23题详析】考查介词或副词词义辨析。句意：就几分钟内，我就在他身后50米的地方，所以我集中了所有的力量，努力超越他，最后，我超过了他。A.over越过；B.beside在……旁边；C.ahead副词，在前面；D.behind在……后面。根据句中“soIgatheredallmyandtriedhardtoovertakehim,”可知，作者之所以要全力以赴超过他，是因为差50米就追上他了，可见在他身后50米处。故选D。【24题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：就几分钟内，我就在他身后50米的地方，所以我集中了所有的力量，努力超越他，最后，我超过了他。A.spirit精神；B.courage勇气；C.strength力量；D.mind思想、头脑。根据句中“triedhardtoovertakehim”可知，骑车需要体力，想要超过他，就要集中所有力量。故选C。【25题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管他还没有意识到我们在比赛，我却感觉自己像个胜利者，“我赢了”。A.race速度竞赛、比赛；B.group群体；C.team小组；D.channel频道、渠道。根据句中“winner”和“Iwin”可知，作者把这次超过对方的过程当作了一次比赛，而自己是胜利者。故选A。【26题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我超过他之后，我意识到我太专注于和他竞争了，以至于我错过了该拐弯的地方，已经走过了将近六个街区，不得不掉头往回走。A.told告诉；B.passed经过；C.stopped阻止；D.informed通知。根据前文“And,finally,Icaughtupwithhimandpassedhimby.”（最后，我追上了他，从他身边经过。）可知，作者最终超过了他，从他身边经过。故选B。【27题详析】考查固定短语辨析。句意：在我超过他之后，我意识到我太专注于和他竞争了，以至于我错过了该拐弯的地方，已经走过了将近六个街区，不得不掉头往回走。A.tiredof厌倦；B.focusedon专注于；C.worriedabout担忧；D.usedto习惯于。根据前文“soIgatheredallmyandtriedhardtoovertakehim.”（所以我集中了所有的力量，努力超越他。）和“Within,whilehehadnocluethatwewereina,Ifeltlikeawinner,“Iwon”.”（尽管他还没有意识到我们在比赛，我却感觉自己像个胜利者，“我赢了”。）可知，作者把超过他当作一场比赛，集中全力试图打败他，所以一直专注于和他竞争。故选B。【28题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我超过他之后，我意识到我太专注于和他竞争了，以至于我错过了该拐弯的地方，已经走过了将近六个街区，不得不掉头往回走。A.lost失去；B.changed改变；C.found发现；D.missed错过。根据句中“hadgonenearlysixpastitandhadtoturnaroundandgoallback.”可知，作者在经过拐弯处是又走了近六个街区，不得不掉头往后走，说明他错过了拐弯处。故选D。【29题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我超过他之后，我意识到我太专注于和他竞争了，以至于我错过了该拐弯的地方，已经走过了将近六个街区，不得不掉头往回走。A.streets街道；B.departments部门；C.blocks街区；D.buildings建筑物。根据第一段“SoIstartedcyclingfasterandfasterandeveryblock,Iwasgainingonhimjustalittlebit.”（所以我开始骑得越来越快，每过一个街区，我就会超过他一点点。）中的“block”可知，作者骑车是经过许多街区的。故选C。【30题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这难道不是生活中发生的事情吗？A.avoids避免；B.defeats战胜；C.happens发生；D.shows展示。根据第一、二段所描述的作者骑车的经历可知，这些就是我们生活中真实发生的事情。故选C。【31题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们大部分时间都在与邻居、朋友、家人竞争，试图超越他们，或者试图走在他们前面，尽管我们从来没有和他们比赛过。A.competition竞争；B.performance表演；C.communication交流；D.terms学期、术语。根据句中“tryingtooutperformthem,ortryingtobeinfrontofthem”可知，我们大部分时间都在和周围人竞争，试图超过他们。故选A。【32题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们大部分时间都在与邻居、朋友、家人竞争，试图超越他们，或者试图走在他们前面，尽管我们从来没有和他们比赛过。A.often经常；B.usually通常；C.ever曾经；D.never从未。根据连词“though”可知，前后两句之间为转折关系，根据前句“Wespendmostofourtimeinwithneighbors,friends,family,tryingtooutperformthem,ortryingtobeinfrontofthem”可知，前句指我们大部分时间都在竞争，后句应表示尽管我们从没有和他们比赛过。故选D。【33题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们把大部分的时间和精力用在竞争上，而不是达到我们的目标，我们错过了自己通往幸福生活的道路。A.money金钱；B.speed速度；C.energy精力；D.luck运气。根据前文“IrealizedthatIhadbeensocompetingagainsthimthatIhadmyturn,”（我意识到我太专注于和他竞争了，以至于我错过了该拐弯的地方）和“Wespendmostofourtimeinwithneighbors,friends,family,tryingtooutperformthem,ortryingtobeinfrontofthem”（我们大部分时间都在与邻居、朋友、家人竞争，试图超越他们，或者试图走在他们前面。）可知，我们与周围人竞争，不仅要花费很多时间，还要投入很多精力、专注于比赛，努力超越他们。故选C。【34题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们把大部分的时间和精力用在竞争上，而不是达到我们的目标，我们错过了自己通往幸福生活的道路。A.ignoring忽视；B.reaching到达；C.forgetting忘记；D.continuing继续。根据前文“IrealizedthatIhadbeensocompetingagainsthimthatIhadmyturn,”（我意识到我太专注于和他竞争了，以至于我错过了该拐弯的地方）和“insteadof”可知，作者因专注于比赛而错过了自己应该拐弯的地方，说明我们大部分的时间和精力都用在了比赛上，而不是到达自己的目的地上。故选B。【35题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们把大部分的时间和精力用在竞争上，而不是达到我们的目标，我们错过了自己通往幸福生活的道路。A.paths道路、通道；B.doors门；C.bridges桥梁；D.halls大厅。根据前文“IrealizedthatIhadbeensocompetingagainsthimthatIhadmyturn,hadgonenearlysixpastitandhadtoturnaroundandgoallback.”（我意识到我太专注于和他竞争了，以至于我错过了该拐弯的地方，已经走过了将近六个街区，不得不掉头往回走。）可知，作者因专注于比赛而错过了自己应该拐弯的地方，走错了路，最终不得不掉头返回，说明我们大部分的时间和精力都用在了比赛上，而不是到达自己的目的地上，就会错过自己应该走的路，从而错过了通往幸福生活的自己的道路。故选A。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Earthquakesareaformofnaturaldisaster.Theyaresopowerfulthattheycancausetallbuildings___36___(crash)totheground___37___justafewseconds.___38___(actual),mostofthedeathsinanearthquake___39___(lead)byfallinghouses.Newresearchdatafromearthquakezonesishelpingarchitectstodesign___40___(good)andsaferbuildings,___41___willnotbedestroyedduringanearthquake.Insteadof___42___(be)fixedinaplacelikemostordinar