四川省成都市武侯区部分学校2025-2026学年高一上学期1月月考英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1四川省成都市武侯区部分学校2025-2026学年高一上学期1月月考英语试题第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读（共两节，满分60分）第一节（共19小题；每小题2.5分，满分47.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AGrowingGreenThumbsCallie’sKidsbyCallowayNurseryDenton,940/591-8865;FlowerMound,972/691-2650;Lewisville,972/315-3133.LEARN:Kidsages5-12canexploreandplantintheCallowaygardenswithaparent/caregiver’ssupervisionat9:30amonthefirstorthirdWednesdaysfromJunetoAugust.Agardenexpertwillsharetipsandadviceforthebestgardeningpracticesduringthe45-minutesession(beginningonJune2).Preregistrationonlineisrequired.COST:FreeDentonChildren’sCommunityGarden2200BowlingGreenAve.,Denton,940/349-2883.LEARN:Jointheweekendworkatthecommunitygarden,wherecaregivers,parentsandmastergardenershelpchildrenofallagesplantnewvegetables,watertheplants,harvestfromthegardensandmore.Theinstructorsalsoleadgamesaboutnutrition,goodandbadinsectsandmore.10am-5pmonSaturdays.COST:FreeCoppellCommunityGardens255ParkwayBlvd.,CLEARN:Kidsofallages(withaparent/caregiver)canvolunteerateithertheHelpingHandsGarden(255ParkwayBlvd.)orGroundDeliveryGarden(450S.DentonTapRoad).Childrenwillhavetheopportunitytotill(耕)theground,plantvegetables,harvestfromthegardenandmore.Mastergardenersareavailableonsite;allharvestedfoodsareeithersoldatthecommunity'sfarmers’marketordonatedtotheareafoodbank.WorkbeginseverySaturdayatabout9am.COST:Free1.IfachildwantstoplantintheCallowaygardens,he/she______.A.needstoregisteronlinebeforehandB.shouldbepresenteveryWednesdaymorningC.mustbeundersupervisionthroughouttheyearD.canvisitformoreinformation2.Whichofthefollowingcanbelearnedfromthepassage?A.AllthethreegardensarebasedinDenton.B.ExpertsinCallowayGardensaretippedfortheirinstructions.C.KidsinCoppellCommunityGardensmaytakeharvestshome.D.ActivitiesinDentonChildren’sCommunityGardensareentertaining.3.Thispieceofwritingismostprobablyissuedby______.A.afoodindustryinbadneedoffundingB.awebsitepromotinggardeningfacilitiesC.aninstitutionofferinglearningprogramsD.anassociationpublicizingbotanicalgardens【答案】1.A2.D3.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了三个适合孩子们参加的园艺课程。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Preregistrationonlineisrequired.”可知，如果一个孩子想在卡洛威花园种植，他/她需要先在网上注册，故A项正确。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“wherecaregivers,parentsandmastergardenershelpchildrenofallagesplantnewvegetables,watertheplants,harvestfromthegardensandmore.Theinstructorsalsoleadgamesaboutnutrition,goodandbadinsectsandmore.”可知，在丹顿儿童社区花园，照顾者、家长和园丁大师帮助不同年龄段的孩子种植新蔬菜、浇水、从花园收获等等，指导老师还领孩子们玩有关营养、好昆虫和坏昆虫等方面的游戏，由此可知，丹顿儿童社区花园的活动很有趣，故D项正确。【3题详析】推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了三个适合孩子们参加的园艺课程，因此这篇文章很可能是由提供学习课程的机构发表的，故C项正确。BThetitleof“Aaron’syoungerbrother”wasgiventomeattheageofsix.Itwasalabelstucktomeandallpeoplehadtodowastorefertotheimaginarylabelandtheywouldknowhowtoaddressme.IwantedtodefeatAaron,whosefamehadreducedmetoanamelesstennisplayer.Thenthedayeventuallyapproached.AsIshookAaron'shandatthestartofthematch,Istaredathimwithdetermination.“I’mgoingtobeatyoutoday.”Igatheredtheconfidencetoclaimovertheoutcomeofthematch.Aaronlaughedcarelesslyasheturnedhisbacktowardsme.Forabriefmoment,Iregrettedthatdisplayofover-confidence.Inervouslyshiftedmyweightfromonefoottotheother.Thetenniscourtseemedtostretchoutfurtherthanusual.Mysweatyhandstightenedaroundmyracket(球拍)—thefifthonepasseddowntomefromAaron.Weenteredintoaheatedfight.Iwasperseveringasexpected,andIwasnotsurehowlongitwouldtakebeforeIwithdrew.Weweredowntothelastround,neckandneckinpoints.Imadeamistake,thenAaronleapedup,stretchinghisarmout.Thesuncasthisimageoverme,remindingmethatIwouldalwaysbewalkinginhisshadowifIcouldn’tprovemyself.Ireadiedmyselfforthefinishingblow,imagesofAaron’spastmatchesfloodingthroughmymind.IrecalledthehabitofhishitintheWorldTennisTournament,extendingmyarmtotheleftinanticipationofwheretheballwasgoingtoland.Theballmadecontactwithmyracketandwaslobbed(吊高球)overAaron’shead.Hecoulddonothingbutwitnesshisundefeatedstatusbeingerasedbyhisyoungerbrother.WhileIwasstillenjoyingtheunfamiliarfeelingofvictory,amanwhomIrecognisedfromaprofessionalclubapproachedme.“Whatisyourname,son?”heasked.Asmilespreadacrossmyface.4.Whatusedtotroublethewriter?A.Thelongingforrecognition. B.Theeagernesstobearlabels.C.Thedesiretobeatennisplayer. D.Thehardshipofphysicaltraining.5.Howdidthewriterfeelatthebeginningofthematch?A.Defeated. B.Anxious. C.Optimistic. D.Honored.6.WhatcanwelearnaboutAaronfromparagraph4?A.Headoptedhisusualtrickinthematch.B.Hepurchasedatennisracketforthewriter.C.Hehadanobviousadvantageinthelastround.D.HewithdrewfromtheWorldTennisTournament.7.Whichisthebesttitleforthetext?A.ThePriceforOneMistake B.FromNobodytoSomebodyC.WhyBrotherhoodMatters D.Aaron'sLast-minuteVictory【答案】4.A5.C6.A7.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述了作者努力在网球场上战胜哥哥的故事。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Thetitleof“Aaron’syoungerbrother”wasgiventomeattheageofsix.Itwasalabelstucktomeandallpeoplehadtodowastorefertotheimaginarylabelandtheywouldknowhowtoaddressme.IwantedtodefeatAaron,whosefamehadreducedmetoanamelesstennisplayer.Thenthedayeventuallyapproached.(“亚伦的弟弟”的称号是在我六岁的时候给我的。这是一个贴在我身上的标签，人们所要做的就是引用这个想象中的标签，他们就会知道如何称呼我。我想打败亚伦，他的名气让我变成了一个无名的网球运动员。然后这一天终于来临了。)”可知，哥哥的名气一直困扰着我，我非常渴望被认可，故选A项。【5题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段中“AsIshookAaron’shandatthestartofthematch,Istaredathimwithdetermination.“I’mgoingtobeatyoutoday.”Igatheredtheconfidencetoclaimovertheoutcomeofthematch.(比赛开始时，当我和亚伦握手时，我坚定地看着他。“我今天要打败你。”我鼓起信心宣布比赛结果。)”可知，作者在比赛开始时是非常乐观的，故选C项。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段中“IrecalledthehabitofhishitintheWorldTennisTournament,extendingmyarmtotheleftinanticipationofwheretheballwasgoingtoland.Theballmadecontactwithmyracketandwaslobbed(吊高球)overAaron’shead.Hecoulddonothingbutwitnesshisundefeatedstatusbeingerasedbyhisyoungerbrother.(我回忆起他在世界网球锦标赛上击球的习惯，向左边伸出手臂，期待着球落在那里。球碰到了我的球拍，从亚伦的头上被抛了过去。他只能目睹自己的不败地位被弟弟抹去。)”可知，亚伦采用了往常的技巧，被作者预估到，提前采取了措施，故选A项。【7题详析】主旨大意题。根据第一段中“Thetitleof“Aaron’syoungerbrother”wasgiventomeattheageofsix.Itwasalabelstucktomeandallpeoplehadtodowastorefertotheimaginarylabelandtheywouldknowhowtoaddressme.IwantedtodefeatAaron,whosefamehadreducedmetoanamelesstennisplayer.Thenthedayeventuallyapproached.(“亚伦的弟弟”的称号是在我六岁的时候给我的。这是一个贴在我身上的标签，人们所要做的就是引用这个想象中的标签，他们就会知道如何称呼我。我想打败亚伦，他的名气让我变成了一个无名的网球运动员。然后这一天终于来临了。)以及全文内容可知，文章主要讲述了作者从小就生活在哥哥亚伦的光环下，被贴上了“亚伦的弟弟”的标签，作者不断努力并最终在球场上打破了哥哥不败的神话，得到了大家的认可的故事，B项“从无名小卒到大人物”概括文章主旨，适合作为标题，故选B项。CForthousandsofyears,peoplehaveknownthatthebestwaytounderstandaconceptistoexplainittosomeoneelse.“Whileweteach,welearn,”saidRomanphilosopherSeneca.Nowscientistsarebringingthisancientwisdomuptodate.They’redocumentingwhyteachingissuchafruitfulwaytolearn,anddesigningcreativewaysforyoungpeopletotakepartininstruction.Researchershavefoundthatstudentswhosignuptotutor(辅导)othersworkhardertounderstand.thematerial,recallitmoreaccuratelyandapplyitmoreeffectively.Studentteachersscorehigheronteststhanpupilswho’relearningonlyfortheirownsake.Buthowcanchildren,stilllearningthemselves,teachothers?Oneanswer:Theycantutoryoungerkids.Somestudieshavefoundthatfirst-bornchildrenaremoreintelligentthantheirlater-bornsiblings(兄弟姐妹).ThissuggeststheirhigherIQsresultfromthetimetheyspendteachingtheirsiblings.Noweducatorsareexperimentingwithwaystoapplythismodeltoacademicsubjects.Theyarrangecollegeundergraduatestoteachcomputersciencetohighschoolstudents,whointurninstructmiddleschoolstudentsonthetopic.Butthemostcutting-edgetoolunderdevelopmentisthe“teachableagent”—acomputerizedcharacterwholearns,tries,makesmistakesandasksquestionsjustlikeareal-worldpupil.Computerscientistshavecreatedananimated(动画的)figurecalledBetty’sBrain,whohasbeen“taught”aboutenvironmentalsciencebyhundredsofmiddleschoolstudents.StudentteachersareinspiredtohelpBettymastercertainmaterials.Whilepreparingtoteach,theyorganizetheirknowledgeandimprovetheirownunderstanding.Andastheyexplaintheinformationtoit,theyidentifyproblemsintheirownthinking.Feedbackfromtheteachableagentfurtherimprovesthetutors’learning.Theagent’squestionsforcestudenttutorstothinkandexplainthematerialsindifferentways,andwatchingtheagentsolveproblemsallowsthemtoseetheirknowledgeputintoaction.Aboveall,it’stheemotionsoneexperiencesinteachingthatimprovelearning.Studenttutorsfeelupsetwhentheirteachableagentfails,buthappywhenthisvirtualpupilsucceedsastheydevelopprideandsatisfactionfromsomeoneelse’saccomplishment.8.WhyisRomanphilosopherSenecamentioned?A.Toreachaconclusion. B.Toconfirmanopinion.C.Tomakeacomparison. D.Tointroduceatopic.9.WhatcanbelearnedaboutBetty’sBrain?A.Itisacharacterinapopularanimation. B.Itisateachingtoolunderdevelopment.C.Itisacutting-edgeappindigitalgames. D.Itisatutorforcomputersciencestudents.10.Whatdostudentsdototeachtheirteachableagent?A.Theymotivateittothinkindependently. B.Theyaskittodesignitsownquestions.C.Theyencourageittogiveimmediatefeedback. D.Theyusevariouswaystoexplainmaterialstoit.11.Whatisthewritingpurposeofthepassage?A.Toencouragefirst-bornchildrentobetutorsoftheirsiblings.B.Toexplainhowteachingothersimprovesone’sownlearning.C.TointroducethedevelopmentofteachableagentslikeBetty’sBrain.D.Todescribetheemotionalchangesofstudentswhentutoringothers.【答案】8.D9.B10.D11.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了教学如何促进自身学习及其背后的原理。【8题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段中““Whileweteach,welearn,”saidRomanphilosopherSeneca.Nowscientistsarebringingthisancientwisdomuptodate.(罗马哲学家Seneca说：“我们教的时候，也在学。”现在，科学家们正在将这一古老的智慧带到现代。)”可知，文章开头引用Seneca的话是为了引出文章主题——教学促进学习。故选D。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Butthemostcutting-edgetoolunderdevelopmentisthe“teachableagent”—acomputerizedcharacterwholearns,tries,makesmistakesandasksquestionsjustlikeareal-worldpupil.ComputerscientistshavecreatedananimatedfigurecalledBetty’sBrain,whohasbeen“taught”aboutenvironmentalsciencebyhundredsofmiddleschoolstudents.(但目前正在开发的最前沿的工具是“可教的智能体”——一个像现实世界中的学生一样学习、尝试、犯错和提问的计算机角色。计算机科学家创造了一个名为Betty’sBrain的动画人物，数百名中学生已经“教”过它环境科学。)”可知，Betty’sBrain是一个正在开发中的教学工具。故选B。【10题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Theagent’squestionsforcestudenttutorstothinkandexplainthematerialsindifferentways,andwatchingtheagentsolveproblemsallowsthemtoseetheirknowledgeputintoaction.(智能体的问题迫使学生导师用不同的方式思考和解释材料，而观察智能体解决问题则让他们看到自己的知识付诸实践。)”可知，学生们用不同的方式向可教的智能体解释材料。故选D。【11题详析】推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“Researchershavefoundthatstudentswhosignuptotutor(辅导)othersworkhardertounderstandthematerial,recallitmoreaccuratelyandapplyitmoreeffectively.(研究人员发现，报名辅导他人的学生更努力地理解材料，更准确地回忆材料，并更有效地应用材料。)”可知，文章主要介绍了教学如何促进自身学习及其背后的原理，如通过辅导他人来加深自己的理解、应用可教的智能体等，因此文章的写作目的是解释教学如何促进自身学习。故选B。DTheinterplaybetweenliteratureandscientificresearchhasbeenevidentthroughouthistory.Atasurfacelevel,literatureoftenanticipatesfuturescientificdevelopments,andscience,inturn,providesarichsourceofinspirationforliterarycreation.However,theinteractionbetweenthesetwogoesbeyondmerecreativity;itinvitesdeeperthoughtsontheethical(道德的)andphilosophicalimpactsoftechnologicaladvancements.Forinstance,sciencefictionworkslikeIsaacAsimov’sI,Robotplayadirectroleinshapingandinspiringthedevelopmentofartificialintelligence(AI).Thisbookpicturesafuturewhererobotscoexistwithhumansandaregovernedbythe“ThreeLawsofRobotics”.Theselawsnotonlyinfluencethereal-worldAIresearchbutalsobecomeacornerstoneinthedebatesurroundingAIethics.Thesefictionallawsprovidemorethanjustablueprintforscientists;theyserveasabridge,makingcomplextechnologicalissueseasierforthepublictograsp.Yet,theinfluenceofliteratureonscienceextendsevenfurther.TakeLiuCixin’sTheThree-BodyProblemasanexample.Thescientistsinthisfictionarenotmerelypioneersofscientificbreakthroughs—theyalsorepresentthedifficultchoicesandinnerconflictsthathumanityfaces.Throughtheirstruggles,Liupresentsaprofoundquestion:Assciencepushesusintonewterritory,arewetrulypreparedtobeartheresponsibilityfortheunforeseenimpactsoftechnologicaladvancementsinthefuture?Thetruevalueofliteratureinrelationtoscienceisitsabilitytostirthepot.Itnotonlyquestionwhatwecanachievethroughsciencebutalsowhetherweshouldpursuetheseachievements.Whilesciencefocusesonproblem-solvingandinnovation,literaturemakesusconsiderthebroaderinfluenceonnatureandsociety,ensuringourprogressisguidedbywisdom,understanding,andhumanity.12.WhatdoweknowaboutI,Robot?A.Itinstructsscientistsindetail. B.Itboostsresearchonbridges.C.Itfacilitatespublicaccesstoscience. D.Itsetslawsforrobotsintherealworld.13.WhydoestheauthormentionTheThree-BodyProblem?A.Topointoutthecomplexityofscience.B.Towarnaboutthedangersoftechnology.C.Toshowliterature’smoralconcernsaboutscience.D.Tosuggestliterature’sdirectinfluenceoninnovation.14.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“stirthepot”inparagraph4mean?A.Exploreandexplain. B.Challengeandreflect.C.Assumeandexamine. D.Educateandentertain.15.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Science:theBlueprintofLiterature B.Science:aWhisperinLiterature’sEarC.Literature:aCriticalInsightintoScience D.Literature:theGatewaytoScientificIdeas【答案】12.C13.C14.B15.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。文章讨论了文学与科学研究之间由来已久的相互影响力，强调文学对科学的影响不仅在于预测未来。文章以《我，机器人》和《三体》为例，揭示文学的真正价值在于引发人类对技术进步的思考，思考其对自然和社会的影响，以确保科学探索之路始终拥有智慧、理解和人文主义这三盏指路明灯。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Thesefictionallawsprovidemorethanjustablueprintforscientists;theyserveasabridge,makingcomplextechnologicalissueseasierforthepublictograsp.(这些虚构的定律为科学家们提供的不仅仅是一个蓝图；它们还充当了一座桥梁，让公众更容易理解复杂的技术问题)可知，这本书促进公众获取科学。故选C。【13题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段“Thescientistsinthisfictionarenotmerelypioneersofscientificbreakthroughs—theyalsorepresentthedifficultchoicesandinnerconflictsthathumanityfaces.Throughtheirstruggles,Liupresentsaprofoundquestion:Assciencepushesusintonewterritory,arewetrulypreparedtobeartheresponsibilityfortheunforeseenimpactsoftechnologicaladvancementsinthefuture?(在这部小说里，科学家们不仅仅是科学突破的先驱者——他们还代表着人类所面临的艰难抉择和内心冲突。通过描写他们的挣扎，刘提出了一个深刻的问题：随着科学将我们推向新的领域，我们是否真的做好了准备，去承担未来技术进步所带来的那些难以预见的影响的责任呢？)”可推知，作者提及小说《三体》是为了展示文学作品对科学的道德关切。故选C。【14题详析】词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“Itnotonlyquestionwhatwecanachievethroughsciencebutalsowhetherweshouldpursuetheseachievements.Whilesciencefocusesonproblem-solvingandinnovation,literaturemakesusconsiderthebroaderinfluenceonnatureandsociety,ensuringourprogressisguidedbywisdom,understanding,andhumanity.(它不仅质疑我们通过科学能够取得什么样的成就，还质疑我们是否应该追求这些成就。虽然科学专注于解决问题和创新，但文学让我们思考其对自然和社会更广泛的影响，确保我们的进步是由智慧、理解和人性所引导的)”可知，文学相对于科学的真正价值在于它能提出质疑和让我们思考。由此可推测“stirthepot”意思是“挑战和反思”。故选B。【15题详析】主旨大意题。根据第一段中“However,theinteractionbetweenthesetwogoesbeyonddmerecreativity;itinvitesdeeperthoughtsontheethical(道德的)andphilosophicalimpactsoftechnologicaladvancements.(然而，这两者之间的互动不仅仅是创造力；它引发了对技术进步的伦理和哲学影响的更深层次的思考)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要讲述了文学与科学研究之间的相互作用，文学不仅能预见未来科学发展，还能对科学技术进步带来的伦理和哲学影响进行深入思考，对科学进行批判性洞察。C选项“文学：对科学的批判性洞察”符合文章主旨，最适合作为文章的标题。故选C。第二节（共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容,从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Apanel(专家组)ofnutritionexpertsreleasedtheir2025dietaryguidelines.TheseguidelineswillinformandshapethefoodprogramsandpolicyoftheU.S.government.Overall,therecommendationsfortheguidelinessoundfamiliar.____16____Theyshouldalsoeatlessredmeatandprocessedmeats,aswellasvegetableslikepotatoes.____17____Severalofthemshowedlinksbetweenover-processedfoodsandbeingoverweightorobesity.Butthenutritionexpertssaidtheevidencewastoolimitedtomakerecommendations.Thepanelalsodidn’tchangerecommendationsaboutalcohol.Thecurrentguidelinesaretwodrinksorlessadayformenandoneforwomen.Additionally,thenutritionpaneldescribedahealthydietforpeoplebeginningattwoyearsold.____18____ThedietsofmostAmericansdon’tmeetthecurrentguidelines.MorethanhalfofAmericanadultshaveoneormorediet-relatedhealthcondition.____19____Thereportalsonotesthatnutrition-relatedlong-termhealthconditionswillcontinuetothreatenhealththroughouttheirlife.Thepanelupdatesthedietaryguidanceeveryfiveyears.____20____Relatedgovernmentofficialswillthenholdapublicmeetingtodiscusstherecommendationsbeforetheyarefinallyreleased.AllthismakesitpossibleforAmericanstoattachimportancetothedietaryguidelines.A.Thepanelconsideredmorethan40studies.B.Forahealthydiet,peopleshouldeatmorebeans.C.Thelasttimetheguidancewasupdatedwasin2020D.Thepublichas60daystocommentontheguidance.E.18millionindividualshaveinsecuresourcesoffood.F.Itishighinvegetables,fruits,nuts,wholegrainsandfish.G.Weshouldalsonotethatthere’ssomethingmissingintheguideline.【答案】16.B17.A18.F19.E20.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明。文章主要介绍了美国2025健康饮食指南对健康饮食方面的一些具体要求。【16题详析】上文“Overall,therecommendationsfortheguidelinessoundfamiliar.(总体而言，这些指南的建议听起来很熟悉)”表明有一些常见的建议，下文“Theyshouldalsoeatlessredmeatandprocessedmeats,aswellasvegetableslikepotatoes.(他们还应该少吃红肉和加工肉类，以及土豆等蔬菜)”说明建议的具体内容，包括少吃红肉和加工肉类，空处承上启下，B选项“为了健康饮食，人们应该多吃豆类”符合语境，people对应下文代词They，且与下文中的also相呼应，进一步列举了健康饮食的建议。故选B。【17题详析】下文“Severalofthemshowedlinksbetweenover-processedfoodsandbeingoverweightorobesity.(其中几项研究表明，过度加工食品与超重或肥胖之间存在联系)”表明了研究的结果，空处引起下文，A选项“专家组考虑了40多项研究”符合语境，morethan40studies与空后severalofthem呼应。故选A。【18题详析】上文“Additionally,thenutritionpaneldescribedahealthydietforpeoplebeginningattwoyearsold.(此外，营养专家组还描述了从两岁开始的健康饮食)”说明营养专家组对幼儿健康饮食做出描述，空处承接上文，F选项“它富含蔬菜、水果、坚果、全谷物和鱼类”符合语境，进一步描述了健康饮食的具体内容，it指代上文ahealthydiet。故选F。【19题详析】上文“ThedietsofmostAmericansdon’tmeetthecurrentguidelines.MorethanhalfofAmericanadultshaveoneormorediet-relatedhealthcondition.(大多数美国人的饮食不符合目前的指导方针。超过一半的美国成年人有一种或多种与饮食相关的健康问题)”表明美国饮食存在问题，空处承接上文，E选项“1800万人食物来源不稳定”符合语境，解释了美国存在饮食问题的原因。故选E。【20题详析】上文“Thepanelupdatesthedietaryguidanceeveryfiveyears.(专家组每五年更新一次饮食指南)”说明饮食指南每五年更新一次，下文“Relatedgovernmentofficialswillthenholdapublicmeetingtodiscusstherecommendationsbeforetheyarefinallyreleased.(相关政府官员将在最终发布建议之前召开公开会议进行讨论)”表明相关官员将召开公开会议讨论建议，空处承上启下，D选项“公众有60天的时间对指导方针发表意见”符合语境，theguidance与上文thedietaryguidance相呼应，说明了在发布建议之前，公众有时间发表意见，且下文中的then暗示了时间上的先后顺序，说明了更新饮食指南的流程。故选D。第三部分英语知识运用第一节完形填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从41～55各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项。Oneautumnmorning,Ispottedapairofwildgeeseonourpond.Thebeautifulsightcaughtmeby____21____becauseI’dneverseengeesetherebefore.Thinkingtheywouldsoonleave,I____22____thechancetogetclosetothem.Thenextmorning,thegeesewerestillmy____23____.Iwalkedroundtomailbox,showingthemImeantnoharm.Ihidbehindsometreesand____24____thehandsomepairquietlythroughthebranches.Iwassurprisedtoseetheywerestaringatme,too!Asdayspassed,Istarted____25____themonmytripstothemailbox.Theycranedtheirnecksandraisedtheirheads____26____butseemedtorealizeIwastheirfriend.Bythen,mycuriosityaboutwhytheywerestayingsolongatthepondchangedto____27____.Astheywerefeedinginthegrasstheotherday,Idiscoveredthereasonfortheir____28____:themalehadadamagedleftwingandhisfaithfulmatewouldn’tleavehimbehind.Iaskedabiologistwhattodo.Heexplainedthatsometimesa____29____wingwillhealbyitselfandsuggestedlettingnaturetakeitscourse.OnthefirstdayofNovember,IwasworkingintheneighbourhoodofthegeesewhenI____30____somemovementfromthecornerofmyeye.Bothgeesewererunningtowardsthepond.Theirwingswere____31____likecrazy,strugglingfortake-off.Graduallytheyflewoverthepondandcircledbacktowardsmeasiftosaygoodbye.Thentheywereoutofmy____32____.Theseason’sfirstsnowflakesfelltheverynextday.Thebirdsmusthave____33____thatwinterwascoming.Ibecamefondofthemduringtheir____34____visittoourpond.I’llneverforgettheir____35____toeachother.21.A.accident B.surprise C.nature D.fortune22.A.increased B.created C.resisted D.valued23.A.guests B.puzzles C.pets D.friends24.A.approached B.calmed C.observed D.protected25.A.turning B.leading C.driving D.greeting26.A.firmly B.warmly C.cautiously D.proudly27.A.concern B.sympathy C.rescue D.pleasure28.A.companion B.visit C.settlement D.care29.A.folded B.weak C.broken D.feathery30.A.held B.caught C.directed D.lost31.A.spreading B.sweeping C.shaking D.beating32.A.reach B.sight C.control D.help33.A.concluded B.indicated C.sensed D.illustrated34.A.unexpected B.satisfying C.short D.regular35.A.contribution B.promise C.treat D.devotion【答案】21.B22.D23.A24.C25.D26.C27.A28.B29.C30.B31.D32.B33.C34.A35.D【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在秋天的时候在自家池塘偶遇一对大雁，出于惊喜与珍惜，便悄悄观察、慢慢靠近。相处数日，作者发现雄雁翅膀受伤，这正是它们久留的原因。雌雁始终不离不弃。11月初，大雁伤愈起飞南飞，与作者告别。这场意外的相逢，让作者深深铭记大雁间的忠诚。【21题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这美丽的景象让我大吃一惊，因为我之前从未在那片地方见过大雁。A.accident事故，意外；B.surprise惊讶，惊喜；C.nature自然；D.fortune运气，财富。根据后文“becauseI’dneverseengeesetherebefore(因为我之前从未在那里见过大雁)”可知，作者之前从未见过大雁，因此这是一个“惊喜”。故选B项。【22题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：以为它们很快就会离开，所以我珍惜能与它们靠近的机会。A.increased增加，增长；B.created创造，创新；C.resisted抵制，阻挡；D.valued评价，重视，珍视。根据前文“Thinkingtheywouldsoonleave(以为它们很快就会离开)”可知，作者以为这对大雁只是暂时停留，很快离开，因此特别珍惜靠近它们的机会。故选D项。【23题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：第二天早上，那对大雁仍然是我的客人。A.guests客人；B.puzzles谜语；C.pets宠物；D.friends朋友。根据前文“Oneautumnmorning,Ispottedapairofwildgeeseonourpond.(在一个秋日的清晨，我看到我们的池塘里有一对野鹅。)”以及空前“still”可知，这对野鹅没有离开，第二天早上依然在，栖息在了作者家的池塘上，被作者视为“客人”。故选A项。【24题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我躲在几棵树后，透过枝叶静静观察着这对俊美的大雁。A.approached接近，靠近；B.calmed使平静，使镇静；C.observed观察，遵循；D.protected保护。根据前文“Ihidbehindsometrees(我躲在了一些树后面)”以及后文“Iwassurprisedtoseetheywerestaringatme,too!”可推知，作者躲在树后，透过树枝观察它们。故选C项。【25题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：日子一天天过去，我在去取信的路上，都会主动问候这对大雁。A.turning转动，转身；B.leading带路，引领；C.driving开车，驱使；D.greeting问候，打招呼。根据前文“Asdayspassed(随着日子一天天过去)”以及后文“Theycranedtheirnecksandraisedtheirheads(它们伸长脖子，抬起了头)”可推知，随着时间推移，作者与大雁关系缓和，不再陌生，去邮箱取信件时会跟它们打招呼，它们才会伸长脖子，抬起头以回应。故选D项。【26题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：它们小心翼翼地伸长脖子、抬起头，不过似乎已经意识到我是它们的朋友了。A.firmly坚定地，坚固地；B.warmly热情地，温暖地；C.cautiously谨慎地，小心地；D.proudly骄傲地。根据下文转折“butseemedtorealizeIwastheirfriend”以及常识判断，野生动物对人类是具有警惕性的，大雁伸长脖子抬头时，态度应该是谨慎的，它们一开始对人类会有防备心理，后来才慢慢意识到作者是朋友，因此，这里“cautiously”意为“谨慎地”，符合语境。故选C项。【27题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：到那时，我对它们为何在池塘逗留这么久的好奇，已然转变成了担忧。A.concern担心，忧虑；B.sympathy同情；C.rescue救援，营救；D.pleasure愉快，高兴。根据前文“Thinkingtheywouldsoonleave(以为它们很快就会离开)”可知，作者原本认为它们只是短暂停留，而这里“whytheywerestayingsolongatthepond(他们为什么会在池塘边待那么久呢)”讲到它们停留的时间挺长的，这应是有一定的原因的，而这个原因让作者开始担忧。故选A项。【28题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：几天前，当它们正在草地上觅食时，我发现了它们逗留于此的缘由：雄雁的左翅膀受了伤，而它忠诚的伴侣不愿抛下它独自离开。A.companion伴侣，同伴；B.visit访问，参观，逗留；C.settlement协议，解决；D.care关心，在意。根据后文“themalehadadamagedleftwingandhisfaithfulmatewouldn’tleavehimbehind(这只雄鸟的左翅膀受损了，而它那忠实的伴侣则不会抛弃它)”可知，雄鸟的左翅膀受伤了，这是它们在这里停留在此的原因。“visit”有“到访，停留”含义，符合语境。故选B项。【29题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他解释说，有时受伤的翅膀会自行愈合，他建议顺其自然，让身体自行恢复。A.folded折叠的，褶曲的；B.weak虚弱的；C.broken损坏的，破碎的；D.feathery轻软的；羽毛似的。分析语境可知，这里的“a______wing”应是呼应前文的“adamagedleftwing(受损的左翅膀)”，“broken”与“damaged”同义表达。故选C项。【30题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：十一月一日那天，我正在大雁栖息的附近忙活，眼角余光忽然瞥见有动静。A.held抓住，托住；B.caught接住，抓捕，瞥见；C.directed把……对准，指导；D.lost失去，丢失。根据后文“somemovementfromthecornerofmyeye(从眼角余光……些许动静)”可推知，这里指作者余光看到大雁有动作，即“瞥见动静”。故选B项。【31题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：它们的翅膀疯狂地拍打着，拼命地想要起飞。A.spreading伸展，扩散；B.sweeping打扫，清除；C.shaking摇动，使震惊；D.beating敲打，拍打。根据主语“Theirwings”、空后“strugglingfortake-off”以及常识可知，大雁起飞时会拍打翅膀。“beating”有“拍打”含义，是鸟类起飞的核心动作。故选D项。【32题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后它们就从我的视线中消失了。A.reach可到达的距离，（权力或能力）能及的范围；B.sight视力，视野，看见；C.control控制；D.help帮忙。根据前文“Graduallytheyflewoverthepondandcircledbacktowardsmeasiftosaygoodbye.(渐渐地，它们飞过池塘，然后又朝我盘旋着飞回来，仿佛是在向我道别。)”可知，大雁飞走了，消失在作者的视线中。“outofone’ssight”意为“看不见，离开某人的视线”。故选B项。【33题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些鸟儿一定是察觉到了冬天即将来临。A.concluded断定，推断出；B.indicated表明，象征；C.sensed感觉到，觉察到；D.illustrated加插图于，说明。根据前文“Theseason’sfirstsnowflakesfelltheverynextday.(第二天，这个季节的第一场雪花就飘落下来了。)”可知，大雁离开后，第二天就下雪了，结合常识可推知，大雁是通过本能感知到冬天将至。故选C项。【34题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在它们意外造访我家池塘的这段时间里，我喜欢上了这对大雁。A.unexpected出乎意料的；B.satisfying令人满意的；C.short短的，矮的，短缺的；D.regular规律的，经常的。根据前文“becauseI’dneverseengeesetherebefore(因为我之前从未在那里见过野生大雁)”可推知，作者应是之前从未见过大雁停留在自家池塘，因此，它们的逗留是出乎意料的。故选A项。【35题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我永远不会忘记它们对彼此的那份忠贞不渝。A.contribution贡献，促成作用；B.promise诺言，前途；C.treat款待，招待；D.devotion奉献。结合语境可知，这里的“eachother”指代“大雁彼此”，同时根据前文“themalehadadamagedleftwingandhisfaithfulmatewouldn’tleavehimbehind(这只雄鸟的左翼受损了，而它那忠实的伴侣则不会抛弃它)”可推知，作者这里感慨雌雁对受伤雄雁不离不弃，这是忠诚与挚爱。故选D项。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。Inthefinalofthemen’s100mfreestyleatthe2024ParisOlympics,ChineseathletePanZhanlesetan____36____(impress)recordtimeof46.40seconds,____37____clearexampleofhisextraordinarytalentandstrongdetermination.Thisisthe____38____(nine)goldmedalfortheChinesedelegationatthisOlympics,____39____(mark)amajorsuccessthatChineseswimming____40____(achieve)sincethebreakthroughofSunYangin2012.PanhasbecomethefastestswimmerintheworldatpresentandthemostshiningAsianstarintheswimmingpool.PanZhanlenotonlybringshonortotheChineseswimmingteam,butprovesthestrengthofChineseathletes.Itishissuccess____41____inspiresmoreChineseswimmerstoapplythemselvestoeven____42____(tough)