江苏省南京、镇江、徐州联盟校2024-2025学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1江苏省南京、镇江、徐州联盟校2024-2025学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Doctorandpatient. B.Husbandandwife. C.Parentandchild.【答案】A【原文】M:Madam,whatseemstobetheproblem?W:Ifeelterrible.I’vegotacoldandIhaveapainhereonmyneck.I’mnotsleepingwelleither.2.Whatistheweatherlikenow?A.Rainy. B.Snowy. C.Sunny.【答案】A【原文】M:It’srainingagain.Theweatherreportsaysit’sgoingtosnowtonight.Idon’tlikethiskindofweather.W:Butit’sgoingtobesunnythisweekend.3.WhatisJohndoingnow?A.Playingfootball. B.WatchingTV. C.Doingrevision.【答案】C【原文】M:Kate,don’tmakenoise.Thisfootballmatchisgreat.W:IthinkyoushouldturnofftheTV.BothJohnandIaregoingoverourlessons.4.Whenwillthenextbusleave?A.At9:30. B.At9:35. C.At10:00.【答案】C【原文】M:Whendoesthebusleaveforthezoo?W:Thebusesleaveeveryhalfanhour.Youjustmissedthenine-thirtybusbyfiveminutes.5.Wheredoesthewomanplantotakeherholidaythisyear?A.InCanada. B.InTurkey. C.InItaly.【答案】B【原文】M:Areyougoingonholidaywithyoursisteragainthisyear?W:Yes.She’llcomehomefromCanadatomorrow,andthenwe’regoingawaynextweek.M:Whereareyougoing?W:I’vebookedahotelinTurkey.MysisterwantstogotoItalyagain,soIhopeshedoesn’tmind.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。6.Whyistheblousesoexpensive?A.It’sfromChina. B.It’smadeofsilk. C.Itlooksnice.7.Howmuchwillthewomanpayintotal?A.150dollars. B.240dollars. C.300dollars.【答案】6.B7.B【原文】W:Thatsleevelessblouselooksverynice.Howmuchisit?M:150dollars,Madam.W:Oh,whydoyouwantsomuchforit?Anordinaryblousecostsonlyabout50dollars.Sowhatissospecialaboutthisone?M:ItismadeofChinesesilk.Ifyou’rewearingablousemadeofrealsilk,you’llfeelverycoolonahotday.W:Well,sinceit’ssogood,I’llbuyone.M:Ifyoubuytwo,youcanhavethemfor120dollarseach.W:OK,Icangiveonetomymother.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。8.Whatisthemanplanningtobuy?A.Agarden. B.Ahouse. C.Afarm.9.Whatdoweknowaboutthehouse?A.Itislarge. B.Itneedsfixing. C.Ithasonebedroom.10.Whatdoesthemansuggestgrowing?A.Corn. B.Rice. C.Potatoes.【答案】8.C9.B10.C【原文】W:Oh,wherearewegoing?M:Iwanttoshowyousomething.W:Iknow,butwhatisit?M:Afarm.It’sjustdownthisroad.It’sasmallplace,butatleastitwouldbeourown.W:Afarm?Howcanweaffordtobuyafarm?M:Itisn’tlarge,onlyoneacre.Wewouldn’thavetopayverymuchrightnow.W:Isthereahouseonthefarm?M:Asmallonewithtwobedrooms,butitneedstoberepaired.Icandothejobmyself.W:OK.Isthereenoughspaceforakitchengarden?M:Thereisabouthalfanacrebehindthehouse.That’splentyofspace.Wecanprobablygrowalotofourownfood.W:Whatareyouthinkingaboutgrowing?M:Well,itreallyisn’tbigenoughforcornorrice.Ithinkwemaytrytoraiseacropofpotatoes.W:Dowehaveenoughmoneytogetallofthese?M:Ithinkwe’vesavedenough.WecanalsoaskJohnaboutthemoneyheborrowedfromus.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。11.Whendidthemanbeginhisfirsthorseridinglesson?A.Yesterday. B.Lastweek. C.Amonthago.12.Whatdidthemanthinkofhisfirsthorseridinglesson?A.Boring. B.Difficult. C.Interesting.13.Whatdidthewomansayaboutherteacher?A.Shewasagoodteacher. B.Shewasanexcellentrider. C.Shewasahumorousperson.【答案】11.A12.A13.B【原文】W:Hi,Ihearyou’rehavinghorseridinglessons?M:Yes.We’llbeabletogoridingtogether.W:Great!Whendidyoustart?M:Isawanadvertisementaboutamonthago.SoMumphonedtheplaceandwevisiteditlastweek,butIonlyhadmyfirstlessonyesterday.W:Howwasit?M:Allwedidwasbrushthehorses.Itwasn’tdifficultbutIwantedtoride.Ihopethenextlessonwillbeinteresting.W:Iremembermyfirstlesson.Igotaridinghatasabirthdaypresent,plusbootsandtrousers,soIhadlotsofthings.Butmyfriend’smumhadtolendmeherjacketbecauseitwassocoldthatday.M:Whatwasyourteacherlike?W:Shewonalotofprizesforhorseriding,butIdon’tthinkshereallyknewhowtoteachusandshewasn’talwaysfun.ButIkeptgoing,andnowIloveriding!听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。14.WhydoesthewomangotoEnglandtoday?A.Tovisitafriend. B.Togoshopping. C.Todobusiness.15.Whatkindofticketswillthewomanbuy?A.Singleones. B.First-classones. C.Weeklyreturnones.16.Whenwillthereturnflightleave?A.At8:15a.m. B.At6:50p.m. C.At9:30p.m.【答案】14.C15.C16.B【原文】W:IwouldliketobuytwoticketsformeandmyfriendtoEngland,please.AndIneedtoleavetoday.Thereissomethingurgentonbusiness.M:Areyouawarethatpriceswithouttwoweeks’advancenoticewillbeveryhigh?AndtodayisSaturday.I’mafraidtheremaybenoticketsleft.Oh,luckily,herearetwoticketstoLondon,butit’seconomy,notfirst-class.Willthatbeone-wayorround-trip?W:IwishIcouldstaythere,butunfortunatelyitwillhavetobearound-tripticket.M:Whenwouldyouliketoreturn?W:Iwillstaythereforsevendays.M:OK.IhaveyoubookedonFlight513leavingat8:15a.m.andarrivinginEnglandat8:05p.m.tonight.ThereturnisFlight514leavingon5thNovemberat6:50p.m.andarrivinginNewYorkat9:30p.m.ontheveryday.W:Perfect!IstillhavetimetogototheshopsintheairportbeforeIgo.Oh,buthowmucharethey?M:TwoweeklyreturnticketstoNewYork.Itis150poundsintotal.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。17.Howlongwillittaketogettothemuseum?A.About20minutes. B.About30minutes. C.About50minutes.18.Whatisspecialaboutthetripforthestudents?A.Theycanpickupancientpotstostudy.B.Theycantakeoldringsoutoftheglasscase.C.They’lltakearelatedtestwhenbackatschool.19.HowdothestudentsfindinformationintheTechnologyCenter?A.ByusingiPads. B.Byusingcomputers. C.ByaskingJaneWitton.20.Whatdoesthespeakerwantthestudentstodoafterthetrip?A.Makepostcards B.Drawposters. C.Givereports.【答案】17.A18.A19.A20.B【原文】W:Hello,everyone.I’mgoingtotellyouaboutourtriptotheCityMuseum.Themuseumisn’tfar—it’llonlytakeusabout20minutestogetthere.Therewillbeseveraleventsduringthedayandyou’llhavethechancetowalkaroundthemuseumforatleast50minutes.Atfirstwe’lllistentothemuseumdirectorJaneWittonforabout30minutes,tellingusaboutwhatthereistosee.Usuallyinamuseumyou’renotallowedtotouchwhat’sonshow,butonthisvisit,weare!You’llallworkingroups,andeachgroupwillbegivenpotstopickupandlookat,andthinkaboutwhattheywereusedfor.You’llstudysomeancientringstoo,althoughI’mafraidthey’llstayintheirglasscase.ThemuseumalsohasaTechnologyCenterforeducationandresearch.You’llbeabletofindoutlotsofinterestingfacts.Ratherthanusingcomputers,though,iPadswillbeprovided.Youcanworkonthesetosearchforinformation.Whenyou’vefinishedyourresearch,forthefinalactivityyou’lldoaquiztoseehowmuchyoucanremember.Whenwegetbacktoschool,I’dlikeyoutodesignandmakesomethingforotherstudentstosee.Themuseumhassentussomeoftheirpostcards,whichcangiveyouideasforthepostersIwantyoutodraw.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ADisinformation,whichisfalseinformationspreadonpurpose,hasbecomeacauseofconcernrecently.Inresponsetothisrisingglobalthreat,theUnitedNationsInformationCentre(UNIC)Canberraanditspartnerswillbeorganizingatwo-dayconference,DISINFOPACIFIC,onNovember11and12,2024.Theconferencewillfocusonstrategiesforpreventingandreducingdisinformation,aswellasapplyingbestpracticestoaddressthisglobalchallenge.Itaimstoprovideaforum(论坛)forjournalists,socialmediaexperts,educators,researchers,policy-makersandcommunicationsprofessionals,fromwithinandoutsidetheUN.Currently,weareinsearchofsocialmediavolunteerstoprovideonlineassistanceforthisconference.Requirements:·Outstandingoralandwrittencommunicationskills·Professionalgraphic(绘图的)designexperience·Priorinvolvementindesigningdocumentlayouts·In-depthfamiliaritywithgraphicdesignapps·WorkingknowledgeoftheEnglishlanguageNote:Adegreeingraphicdesignorarelatedfieldisconsideredaplus.Responsibilities:·Developingacomprehensivesocialmediareleaseplan·Assistinginchoosingtherighttypesofmediaandupdatingconferenceinformationonadailybasis·Workingtogetherwithourcommunicationsteamtocreatesocialmediaactivitiesaccordingtoagreedrequirements·Developingaseriesofsocialmediaresourcesoncethefinalconceptisagreedupon,withaparticularfocusonayouth(universitylevel)studentaudienceJoinusnowasasocialmediavolunteerandhelpbuildafuturewithlessdisinformation.YouwillalsohavetheopportunitytobuildconnectionswiththeUNICCanberraanditspartnersandlearnaboutthewaysinwhichsocialmediacommunicationcansupportthepromotionofaconferencecenteringondisinformation.Findoutmoreat/opportunities.21.Accordingtothepassage,volunteersshould.A.holdadegreeingraphicdesignB.beabletodevelopgraphicdesignappsC.haveagreatcommunicativecompetenceD.beasfluentinEnglishasnativespeakers22.Ifselected,volunteerswill.A.releaseaUNICworkplan B.helpdesignsocialmediaactivitiesC.evaluatethefinalconcept D.provideweeklymediaupdates23.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.Topromoteaconference. B.Toseekonlinevolunteers.C.Tohighlightaglobalthreat. D.Tointroduceanorganization.【答案】21.C22.B23.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了联合国信息中心堪培拉分部组织的DISINFOPACIFIC会议，招募社交媒体志愿者的要求和职责。【21题详析】细节理解题。根据文章Requirements:部分“Outstandingoralandwrittencommunicationskills(出色的口头和书面沟通技巧)”可知，志愿者应具备良好的沟通能力。故选C。【22题详析】细节理解题。根据文章Responsibilities:部分“Workingtogetherwithourcommunicationsteamtocreatesocialmediaactivitiesaccordingtoagreedrequirements(与我们的通讯团队合作，根据商定的要求创建社交媒体活动)”可知，志愿者将会帮助设计社交媒体活动。故选B。【23题详析】推理判断题。结合全文及文章第三段“Currently,weareinsearchofsocialmediavolunteerstoprovideonlineassistanceforthisconference.(目前，我们正在寻找社交媒体志愿者，为此次会议提供在线支持)”可知，本篇文章的主要目的是为DISINFOPACIFIC会议招募在线志愿者。故选B。BLeAnnSolmonson,aprofessionalcounselor(顾问)inNacogdoches,Texas,hasseenfamiliesfallintoapatternaschildrenreachadolescence(青春期):Theyouthwantmoreautonomyandbegintopushagainsttheirparents’rules.Inresponse,theparentstightentheircontrolorgivepunishment,onlytohavetheadolescentpushbackharderandbreakmorerules.Thusconflictshappen.“Adolescents’goalistofigureout‘WhoamI?WheredoIfitin?’andbeginthatseparationfromtheirparents.Someofthatdevelopmentleadstotryingoutnewthings,”saysSolmonson.“Thesearenaturalthingsthatcanfueldisagreements.”Incounseling,Solmonsonoftenasksateenandhisorherparentstonameasmallconflicttheystrugglewith.Sheinvitestheteentoexplainhisorherviewsaboutthedisagreement.Then,sheencouragestheparentstogivetheirviewsandrepeatwhattheirchildsaid.Usually,theparentsimmediatelyjumptowhytheteen’stakeiswrong.Ifthishappens,Solmonsonwillremindthemthatshewantstohearwhattheythinkoftheirchild’sviewis,notwhetherit’srightorwrong.Shealsogivestheadolescentthesameassignment:Paraphrase(转述)yourparents’positionwithoutgivinganopiniononwhatwassaid.Theaim,sheexplains,istodevelopunderstandingtowardtheotherparty’sviewpoint.Parentsoftenneedtoworkonhowtheyrespondtotheirteenwhenwhattheyseeasamistakeoccurs.Cooperatingwiththeteentofindoutwhatledtothesituationandwhattheyneedtosolveitwillpreventthemfurtheringtheconflict,Solmonsonstresses.Insteadofrespondinginanger,shecoachesparentstousesupportivestatementslike“Thatmusthavebeensostressful.Howcanwepreventthathappeningagain?”Moreover,Solmonsonoftenstressesthatifparentswantrespectduringdisagreementswiththeirchild,they’llneedtoshowitthemselves.Ifateenanswersdisrespectfully,Solmonsoncoachesparentstorespondsaying,“I’mgoingtogiveyouado-over.Doyouneedaminutetothinkabouthowtosaythat?”ratherthanblowingupinanger.24.Whatdochildrenexpecttodowhenturningadolescents?A.Preventparent-childconflicts. B.Controltheiranger.C.Becomemoreindependent. D.Setnewboundaries.25.Whatisparents’commonresponsetoSolmonson’squestionincounseling?A.Summarizingtheirexperience. B.Pointingoutthechild’srisk-takingbehaviors.C.Offeringtheiropinionsaboutdisagreements. D.Explainingthewrongnessofthechild’sviews.26.WhatisSolmonson’sadviceforparentswhentheirteenmakesamistake?A.Dealwithitontheirown. B.Worktogetherforitscause.C.Ignoreitwithoutdiscussion. D.Giveimmediatepunishment.27.Whatcanweknowfromthelastparagraph?A.Parentsshouldmodelrespectfortheirteens. B.Teensoftendisrespecttheirparents.C.Itisnecessaryforparentstoblowupangrily. D.Disagreementsarehardtosolve.【答案】24.C25.D26.B27.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了得克萨斯州纳科多奇斯的专业顾问LeAnnSolmonson关于青少年与父母之间冲突的看法和建议。【24题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Theyouthwantmoreautonomyandbegintopushagainsttheirparents’rules.(年轻人想要更多的自主权，并开始反抗父母的规则)”和第二段中“Adolescents’goalistofigureout‘WhoamI?WheredoIfitin?’andbeginthatseparationfromtheirparents.Someofthatdevelopmentleadstotryingoutnewthings(青少年的目标是弄清楚‘我是谁？我适合哪里？’并开始与父母分离。其中一些发展导致了尝试新事物)”可知，当孩子们进入青春期时，他们期望变得更加独立。故选C项。【25题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Incounseling,Solmonsonoftenasksateenandhisorherparentstonameasmallconflicttheystrugglewith.Sheinvitestheteentoexplainhisorherviewsaboutthedisagreement.Then,sheencouragestheparentstogivetheirviewsandrepeatwhattheirchildsaid.Usually,theparentsimmediatelyjumptowhytheteen’stakeiswrong.(在咨询中，Solmonson经常要求青少年和他或她的父母说出他们正在努力解决的一个小冲突。她邀请青少年解释他或她对分歧的看法。然后，她鼓励父母给出他们的观点，并重复他们的孩子说过的话。通常，父母会立刻跳到为什么孩子的看法是错的)”可知，在咨询中，父母对Solmonson问题的常见反应是解释孩子观点的错误性。故选D项。【26题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Cooperatingwiththeteentofindoutwhatledtothesituationandwhattheyneedtosolveitwillpreventthemfurtheringtheconflict,Solmonsonstresses.(Solmonson强调，与父母合作找出导致这种情况的原因以及他们需要解决什么，将防止他们进一步加剧冲突)”可知，当青少年犯错时，Solmonson建议父母与其合作，共同找出问题的原因。故选B项。【27题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Moreover,Solmonsonoftenstressesthatifparentswantrespectduringdisagreementswiththeirchild,they’llneedtoshowitthemselves.(此外，Solmonson经常强调，如果父母希望在与孩子发生分歧时得到尊重，他们需要自己把尊重展现出来)”可知，最后一段主要讲的是父母应该以身作则，尊重青少年。由此推知，从最后一段我们可以知道父母应该为青少年树立尊重的榜样。故选A项。CArthasalwaysoccupiedaspecialplaceinsociety.Manypeopleconsiderartiststobetheultimateauthoritiesonthenatureandexpressionofbeauty.Formuchofhistory,thepracticeofartwasmysterious,andartistswereviewedasbeingsomewhatoddandoftenmad.Eventhewordmostcommonlyassociatedwithartists—inspiration—hasitsownmagicalqualities.Literally,“inspiration”isthebreathinginofaspirit.Artistswerethoughtofaspeoplewhowereuniquelyinspiredtocreate.Ofcourse,artistscontributedtothismythology(神话).Manyartistscreditedtheirtalentstothepresenceofsomesupernaturalpower.Wholemovementsofarthavecenteredonthesupposedlyotherworldlynatureofart.Forexample,theRomanticpoetsbelievedthatartwasatermthatmeantanultimateexpressionofbeautyandtruth.Thesearchforthisidealledthemtoexplorebothnaturalandsupernaturalthemesintheirworks.Anotherpersistentviewofartregardeditsdivorcefromlogic.Reasonandlogicweretheprovinceofscientistsandphilosophers,whereascreativityandinsightweretheareaoftheartists.Thetwoseparateaspectsofthemindweresupposedtoremaindistinct.Butin1704,amajorbreakthroughoccurred.SirIsaacNewton,mathematicianandphysicist,publishedhisstudyoflight,Opticks.OneofNewton’smajordiscoverieswasonthenatureofcolor.Usingaprism(棱镜),Newtonfoundthatwhitelightisactuallycomposedofallthecolorsoftherainbow.Heevenprovidedascientificexplanationforthepresenceofrainbows.Theartisticcommunitywasshocked.Ascientisthadtakenabeautifulandmagicalexperienceandreducedittothesimplerefractionofbeamsoflightthroughtheprismofaraindrop.Ascientisthadventuredintotheirsacredterritory.Morethanahundredyearslater,JohnKeats,oneofthemostfamousRomanticpoets,accusedNewtonofreducingbeautyby“unweavingtherainbow.”Hiscolleague,SamuelTaylorColeridge,famouslyremarkedthatthesoulsoffivehundredNewtonswouldbeneededtomakeoneShakespeare.Andyet,fromanotherperspective,Newtondidnotreducethebeautyoftherainbow;heenhancedit.Inhissearchtouncoverthesecretsoftherainbow,Newtondemonstratedthewonder,creativity,andinspirationofanartist.Healsogavetheworldanotheropportunitytoexperiencethesublime(绝妙).Newton’sdiscoverypavedthewayforthedevelopmentofthescienceofspectroscopy,awayofanalyzingthechemicalmakeupoflight.Nowscientistscanlookatthestarsandknowtheircomposition.Thesenseofwonderthisabilitycreatesisnotmuchdifferentfromthewonderthepoetorartistfeelswhenstaringatthosesamestars.28.Accordingtothepassage,whatwasthecommonviewofartistsinhistory?A.Artistswereconsideredlogicalandrational.B.Artistswereseenasinspiredandsomewhatstrange.C.Artistswereprimarilyfocusedonscientificdiscovery.D.Artistswerethoughttobewithoutanysupernaturalbeliefs.29.HowdidtheRomanticpoetsreacttoNewton’sdiscoveryaboutlightandcolor?A.Theybelieveditaddedanewdimensiontotheappreciationofbeauty.B.TheycreditedNewton’sinsightstomysticalinfluences.C.Theywereinspiredtointegratemorescientificthemesintheirpoetry.D.Theyfeltitfadedthepoeticbeautyofnaturalphenomena.30.WhydoestheauthormentionJohnKeats’andSamuelTaylorColeridge’sviewsonIsaacNewton?A.Toemphasizethesuperiorcreativityofpoetsoverscientists.B.Tohighlighttheimpactofscientificdiscoveriesonartisticperception.C.TostatethatShakespeare’sknowledgeofbeautywasunmatched.D.ToshowthatRomanticpoetsobjectedtoscientificprogress.31.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.TheArtisticInterpretationofScience B.TheContrastbetweenArtandLogicsC.TheInterplayofArtandScience D.IsaacNewton’sInfluenceonArts【答案】28.B29.D30.B31.C【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。本文主要探讨了艺术与科学的相互作用，即艺术在社会中的特殊地位，以及科学发现对艺术家的影响。【28题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Formuchofhistory,thepracticeofartwasmysterious,andartistswereviewedasbeingsomewhatoddandoftenmad.Eventhewordmostcommonlyassociatedwithartists—inspiration—hasitsownmagicalqualities.Literally,“inspiration”isthebreathinginofaspirit.Artistswerethoughtofaspeoplewhowereuniquelyinspiredtocreate.(在历史上的大部分时间里，艺术实践都是神秘的，艺术家们被视为有些古怪，而且常常是疯狂的。甚至最常与艺术家联系在一起的词——灵感——也有其神奇的特质。从字面上看，“灵感”是一种精神的呼吸。艺术家被认为是具有独特启发而进行创作的人)”可知，历史上对艺术家的普遍看法是艺术家被认为是有灵感的，而且有点奇怪。故选B项。【29题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Morethanahundredyearslater,JohnKeats,oneofthemostfamousRomanticpoets,accusedNewtonofreducingbeautyby“unweavingtherainbow.”Hiscolleague,SamuelTaylorColeridge,famouslyremarkedthatthesoulsoffivehundredNewtonswouldbeneededtomakeoneShakespeare.(一百多年后，著名浪漫主义诗人约翰·济慈指责牛顿通过“拆解彩虹”而减少了美的存在。他的同事塞缪尔·泰勒·柯勒律治也曾有名言称，需要五百个牛顿的灵魂才能造就一个莎士比亚)”可知，浪漫主义诗人对牛顿关于光和颜色的发现作出反应，他们觉得它淡化了自然现象的诗意美。故选D项。【30题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Morethanahundredyearslater,JohnKeats,oneofthemostfamousRomanticpoets,accusedNewtonofreducingbeautyby“unweavingtherainbow.”Hiscolleague,SamuelTaylorColeridge,famouslyremarkedthatthesoulsoffivehundredNewtonswouldbeneededtomakeoneShakespeare.Andyet,fromanotherperspective,Newtondidnotreducethebeautyoftherainbow;heenhancedit.Inhissearchtouncoverthesecretsoftherainbow,Newtondemonstratedthewonder,creativity,andinspirationofanartist.(一百多年后，著名浪漫主义诗人约翰·济慈指责牛顿通过“拆解彩虹”而减少了美的存在。他的同事塞缪尔·泰勒·柯勒律治也曾有名言称，需要五百个牛顿的灵魂才能造就一个莎士比亚。然而，从另一个角度来看，牛顿并没有减少彩虹的美丽；他反而增强了它。在探寻彩虹秘密的过程中，牛顿展现了艺术家般的奇妙、创造力和灵感)”可知，作者提到约翰·济慈和塞缪尔·泰勒·柯勒律治对艾萨克·牛顿的看法，来强调科学发现对艺术感知的影响。故选B项。【31题详析】主旨大意题。根据全文内容及最后一段中“Newton’sdiscoverypavedthewayforthedevelopmentofthescienceofspectroscopy,awayofanalyzingthechemicalmakeupoflight.Nowscientistscanlookatthestarsandknowtheircomposition.Thesenseofwonderthisabilitycreatesisnotmuchdifferentfromthewonderthepoetorartistfeelswhenstaringatthosesamestars.(牛顿的发现为光谱学的发展铺平了道路，光谱学是一种分析光的化学组成的方法。现在科学家可以观察星星并知道它们的组成。这种能力所产生的惊奇感与诗人或艺术家凝视同样的星星时所感受到的惊奇感并无太大区别)”可知，整篇文章探讨了艺术与科学之间的关系，尤其是科学发现如何影响了艺术家对自然现象的理解。文章既提到了艺术家对科学的抵触情绪，也提到了科学如何揭示了自然界的美，艺术与科学的相互作用，科学与艺术相互融合、相互影响。因此本篇文章最好的标题是C项“艺术与科学的相互作用”。故选C项。DMosttaxidriversneedasmartphonetogettotheirdestinations.Butsharks,itseems,neednothingmorethantheirownbodies—andEarth’smagnetic(磁的)field.AnewstudysuggestssomesharkscanreadEarth’sfieldlikeamapanduseittotravellongdistanceswithaccuracy.Sincethe1970s,researchershavesuspectedthatsomefishcandetectmagneticfields.Butnoonehadshownthatsharksusethefieldstofindtheirlocationornavigate(导航),partlybecausetheanimalsaren’tsoeasytoworkwith.It’sonethingifyouhaveasmallfish,orababyseaturtle,butwhenyouworkwithsharks,youhavetoupscaleeverything.BryanKeller,anecologistatFloridaStateUniversity,andhiscolleaguesdecidedtodojustthat.Theylinedabedroom-sizecagewithwireandplacedasmallswimmingpoolinthecenterofthecage.Byrunninganelectricalcurrentthroughthewiring,theycouldgenerateacustommagneticfieldinthecenterofthepool.Theteamthencollected20youngbonnetheadsharks—aspeciesknowntomigratehundredsofkilometers—offtheFloridacoast.Theyplacedthesharksintothepool,oneatatime,andletthemswimfreelyunderthreedifferentmagneticfields,appliedinrandomsuccession.Onefieldmimicked(模仿)Earth’snaturalfieldatthespotwherethesharkswerecollected,whiletheothersmimickedthefieldsatlocations600kilometersnorthand600kilometerssouthoftheirhomes.Theyusedsoftwaretotrackthesharks’responses,observingwhichdirectioninthetanktheyweretryingtoswimtowards.Whentheyoungsharkswereexposedtothemagneticfieldoftheplacetheywerecaptured,or‘home’,theystayedput.Butwhensubjectedtothesouthernmagneticfield,thesharkspersistentlychangedtheirheadingstoswimnorth,asiftryingtogetbackhome.Thissuggeststhatthesharkswereusingthemagneticfieldtoguidethem,similartohowhumansuseGPS.Surprisingly,theresearchersfoundthatthesharksdidn’tfavoranydirectionwhenswimmingunderthenorthernfield.Kellersaysthismightbebecausetheydon’tgonorthoftheirhomelocationsincethereisonlylandthere,andsotheyrarelyhavetofindtheirwaybacksouthagain.“Thiscouldsupportthetheorythattheirabilitytogobackhomeisalearnedbehavior,”hesays.Theymightnotknowwhattodointhenorthernfieldbecause“they’veneverbeenupthere.”saysKeller.Keller’sresearchaddsasignificantpiecetothestill-incompletepuzzleofsharkbiology.Sharkshavebeendecliningatanalarmingrateduetomostlyoverfishingandhabitatchange.Studyingthelifecyclesandmigrationpatternsofsharkscanhelpusunderstandwhatareastoprotectwhenmanagingmarinespaces.32.WhyisitdifficultforresearcherstoprovethatsharkscanreadEarth’sfield?A.Sharksaretoohardtofollowandobserve.B.Sharksarenotsensitivetomagneticfields.C.Sharksaredifficulttostudyinalaboratorysetting.D.Sharksareonthelistofendangeredspecies.33.AccordingtoKeller,whatmightbethereasonwhysharksdon’tfavoranydirectionwhenswimmingunderthenorthernmagneticfield?A.Theydon’tliketheclimateinthenorth.B.They’veneverbeentothenorthoftheirhomebefore.C.Theylearnedtodosowhentheywereyoung.D.Thenorthernmagneticfieldwasnotstrongenough.34.Fromthepassage,wecaninferthatKeller’sresearchissignificantbecauseit________.A.providesanewmethodforcapturingsharks.B.supportstheideathatsharks’migrationpatternsarerandom.C.addscrucialinformationtoourunderstandingofsharkbiology.D.suggeststhatsharksshouldbeprotectedfromoverfishing.35.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.SharksuseEarth’smagneticfieldtofindtheirwayonseas.B.Researchersdiscoveredanewwaytostudysharksinlabs.C.Sharkpopulationsaredecliningduetohabitatchange.D.Sharkshavealearnedbehaviorofreturningtotheirhome.【答案】32.C33.B34.C35.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项研究发现鲨鱼可以利用地球的磁场导航，这为我们增加了对鲨鱼生物学的理解。【32题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Butnoonehadshownthatsharksusethefieldstofindtheirlocationornavigate(导航),partlybecausetheanimalsaren’tsoeasytoworkwith.It’sonethingifyouhaveasmallfish,orababyseaturtle,butwhenyouworkwithsharks,youhavetoupscaleeverything.(但没有人能证明鲨鱼利用磁场来找到它们的位置或导航，部分原因是这些动物不太容易研究。如果只是小鱼或小海龟还好，但和鲨鱼一起工作时，你必须放大一切)”可知，研究人员很难证明鲨鱼可以读取地球磁场是因为鲨鱼太大，很难在实验室环境中研究。故选C。【33题详析】细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“Surprisingly,theresearchersfoundthatthesharksdidn’tfavoranydirectionwhenswimmingunderthenorthernfield.Kellersaysthismightbebecausetheydon’tgonorthoftheirhomelocationsincethereisonlylandthere,andsotheyrarelyhavetofindtheirwaybacksouthagain. “Thiscouldsupportthetheorythattheirabilitytogobackhomeisalearnedbehavior,”hesays.Theymightnotknowwhattodointhenorthernfieldbecause“they’veneverbeenupthere.”saysKeller.(令人惊讶的是，研究人员发现，当鲨鱼在北部海域下游泳时，它们不喜欢任何方向。Keller说，这可能是因为它们不会去它们家园的北部，因为那里只有陆地，所以它们很少需要再找到返回南方的路。他说：‘可以支持这样一种理论，即它们回家的能力是一种习得的行为。’他们可能不知道在北方田野做什么，因为‘他们从来没有去过那里。’凯勒说。)”可知，根据凯勒的说法，鲨鱼在北磁场下游泳时没有任何方向偏好可能是因为它们从未去过家以北的地方。故选B。【34题详析】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Keller’sresearchaddsasignificantpiec