山西省运城市2025-2026学年高一上学期期末调研测试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1山西省运城市2025-2026学年高一上学期期末调研测试英语试题第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ATownsThatShapedAmericanMusicWhilecitieslikeNashville,Memphis,andNewOrleansarefamousformusic,therearesmallertownslikeLubbock,Clarksdale,andMacon,whichhaveshapedsomeofthemostinfluentialmusiciansofalltime.LubbockLubbockisasmalltownwithabigheartforart.It’sbestknownasthebirthplaceofBuddyHolly,oneofthemostimportantfiguresinrockandroll.ThetownhonorsHollywithstreetartfeaturinghisfamousglasses,andaperformancecenternamedafterhim—theBuddyHollyHall.Hisinfluencecanbeseenalloverthetown.ShreveportInthe1940sand50s,ShreveportwasamajorcenterofAmericanmusic.ItwashometotheLouisianaHayride,aradioshowwheremusicstarslikeElvisPresley,HankWilliams,andJohnnyCashbegantheircareers(职业).Theshowwassoinfluentialthatitwascalled“TheCradleoftheStars”,anditbecamesecondonlytotheGrandOleOpryinimportanceforcountrymusic.ClarksdaleClarksdaleisasmalltownintheMississippiDeltawherethesoundofbluesmusicstarted.It’sfamousastheplacewheremusicianslikeRobertJohnson,MuddyWaters,andHowlin’Wolfgrewup.Itseemslikeyoucouldhearbluesplayingaroundeverycorner,sevennightsaweek.MaconMaconisatownfullofhistoryandmusic,withamixofSoutherncharm(魅力)andmodernculture.It’sknownas“thecitywheresoul(灵魂)lives”,andthat’struebecauseit’swherebothLittleRichard,the“ArchitectofRockandRoll”,andOtisRedding,the“KingofSoul”,grewup.VisitorscantourtheCapricornSoundStudios,whereSouthernrockmusicwasborn.1.WhichtownhasacloseconnectiontoBuddyHolly?A.Macon. B.Lubbock. C.Shreveport. D.Clarksdale.2.WhatisClarksdalefamousfor?A.Jazzmusic. B.Bluesmusic. C.Rockandroll. D.Countrymusic.3.WherewillyougoifyouwanttoexplorethehistoryofSouthernrockmusic?A.TheGrandOleOpry. B.TheLouisianaHayride.C.TheBuddyHollyHall. D.TheCapricornSoundStudios.【答案】1.B2.B3.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四座小镇及其对美国摇滚音乐、乡村音乐、蓝调音乐和灵魂乐产生的深远影响。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据Lubbock部分中“It’sbestknownasthebirthplaceofBuddyHolly,oneofthemostimportantfiguresinrockandroll.ThetownhonorsHollywithstreetartfeaturinghisfamousglasses,andaperformancecenternamedafterhim—theBuddyHollyHall.Hisinfluencecanbeseenalloverthetown.(它以BuddyHolly的出生地而闻名，BuddyHolly是摇滚界最重要的人物之一。该镇以他著名的眼镜为特色的街头艺术来纪念Holly，还有一个以他命名的表演中心——BuddyHolly大厅。他的影响在镇上随处可见。)”可知，Lubbock小镇与BuddyHolly关系密切。故选B项。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据Clarksdale部分中“ClarksdaleisasmalltownintheMississippiDeltawherethesoundofbluesmusicstarted.(Clarksdale是密西西比三角洲的一个小镇，蓝调音乐就是从这里开始的。)”可知，Clarksdale小镇因蓝调音乐而闻名。故选B项。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据Macon部分中“VisitorscantourtheCapricornSoundStudios,whereSouthernrockmusicwasborn.(游客可以参观南方摇滚乐的诞生地Capricorn录音室。)”可知，如果想了解南方摇滚乐的历史，应该前往Capricorn录音室。故选D项。BLastweekend,Itookmy4-year-oldgrandsonOlivertothepark.Hehadbeenpestering(纠缠)metotakehimtotheparktowatchtheducksinthepond;Ifinallyrealizedhiswish.IwentinthinkingI’dbetheteachertoteachhimabouttheducks,butthatday,Oliverendedupteachingmemore.Hehadnogoals.4-year-oldsdon’tneedgoals.Assoonaswestepped50feetintothepark,Oliverlookedupatthesky,wherebigsoftcloudsmovedslowly.Hestoodstill,smiling,andfoundrealjoyinwatchingthem.I’dlongforgottenclouds’magic:Mymindwasfilledwiththingstodo,butwatchingtheirslowmovementcouldbesoothingandreducemyworriesandnervousness.Next,Oliverfocusedonthebigtrees,laughingastheirbranchesshookinthewind.Whenasmallbirdjumpedonthegrass,heranafterit,laughingasthoughitwerethefunniestthingintheworld.Inthatmoment,nothingelsematteredtohim.Hiscuriosityneverdisappeared,especiallywhenitcametofallenleaves.Hehuntedforthem,bigandsmall,treatingeachonelikeatreasure.Heonlysawthemastoolsforplay.Noscreensortoyswereneeded.Nearby,kidsplayedwiththeirparents,anddogwalkerspassedby.Oliverwavedateveryone,holdingouthishandforhighfiveswith4-and5-year-olds,whosmiledandsaidhiback.Hismixofrealwordsandkidtalkdidn’tstophim—hejustwantedtoconnect,withoutjudgment,orfear.Thebiggestlessonhitmethen:liveinthemoment.Heneveraskedthetime,whenwe’dleave,orwhatwouldbenext.Whetherhewasrunningaftersticks,pettingadog,orrunningacrossthegrass,hewasentirelyinthemoment.ThathourwithOliverremindedmeofthewonderweloseasadults,andofmanythingswecanlearnfromachild’ssimple,unplannedjoy.4.WhydidtheauthortakeOlivertothepark?A.Tocleanthepark. B.Tofeedtheducks.C.Toactasateacher. D.Towatchtheducks.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“soothing”inparagraph2mean?A.Dangerous. B.Confusing. C.Comforting. D.Changeable.6.WhatdoweknowaboutOliverfromparagraph3?A.Hewasafraidofmeetingpeople.B.Hehadfunplayingtoysinthepark.C.Hehadastrongcuriosityaboutfallenleaves.D.Hedidn’tgetalongwellwithotherchildreninthepark.7.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A.Knowledgeispower. B.Nowisallthatcounts.C.Friendshipcomesfromgettingtogether. D.Nothingismoreimportantthaneducation.【答案】4.D5.C6.C7.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者带孙子去公园玩的经历。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Hehadbeenpestering(纠缠)metotakehimtotheparktowatchtheducksinthepond;Ifinallyrealizedhiswish.(他一直缠着我，要我带他去公园看池塘里的鸭子；我最终实现了他的愿望)”可知，Oliver一直缠着作者带他去公园看池塘里的鸭子，作者最终满足了他的愿望。故选D项。【5题详析】词句猜测题。根据前文“Hestoodstill,smiling,andfoundrealjoyinwatchingthem.I’dlongforgottenclouds’magic:Mymindwasfilledwiththingstodo(他站着不动，面带微笑，从看着他们身上找到了真正的快乐。我早就忘记了云的魔力：我的脑子里满是要做的事情)”以及之后的转折以及后文“andreducemyworriesandnervousness(减少我的担忧和紧张)”可知，划线单词和“减少我的担忧和紧张”并列，表达同样的意思，推知，应是“放松”之意，和C项意思相近。故选C项。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段“Hiscuriosityneverdisappeared,especiallywhenitcametofallenleaves.Hehuntedforthem,bigandsmall,treatingeachonelikeatreasure.(他的好奇心从未消失，尤其是对落叶的好奇。他到处寻找，无论大小，把每一个都当作珍宝)”可知，Oliver对落叶有着强烈的好奇心。故选C项。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Thebiggestlessonhitmethen:liveinthemoment.Heneveraskedthetime,whenwe’dleave,orwhatwouldbenext.Whetherhewasrunningaftersticks,pettingadog,orrunningacrossthegrass,hewasentirelyinthemoment.ThathourwithOliverremindedmeofthewonderweloseasadults,andofmanythingswecanlearnfromachild’ssimple,unplannedjoy.(我从中得到的最大教训是：活在当下。他从来没有问过时间，我们什么时候离开，或者接下来要做什么。无论他是在追树枝、抚摸狗，还是在草地上奔跑，他都完全沉浸在当下。和Oliver在一起的那一小时让我想起了我们作为成年人所失去的奇迹，也让我想起了我们可以从一个孩子简单的、计划外的快乐中学到很多东西)”可知，作者领悟到最重要的一点：要活在当下。故选B项。CWearewhatweeat.It’sanoldbutmeaningfulexpression.Arecentstudyshowsthatpeopleeatinghealthyfoodinproperamountslivelonger.Butwhichareashavethebestdiets?TheLancetGlobalHealthjournalpublishedfindings.Researchersstudieddietsin187countriesfrom1990to2010.Theyfoundthatthehealthiestdiets—Mediterranean,NewNordic,FrenchandJapanese—arequitedifferentbutsharesomethings.Theyareallheavyonlocal,seasonalfoodsandlimitprocessedfoods.Theyhavemanyvegetablesandseafoodbutlittleredmeat.ManystudiesprovetheMediterraneandietishealthy.Itincludesfruits,vegetables,wholegrains,nutsandoliveoil.There’salsomoderatefishandpoultry.Redmeat,sugaryandsaltyfoodsarenotcommoninit.TheWorldHealthOrganizationsaysJapanesepeoplelivelong.Womentherehavealifeexpectancyof87,andmen80.ResearchersbelievetheJapanesedietisthereasonforsuchlonglifespans.TheJapanesediethaslow-calorie,nutrient-richfoodslikeseaweed,tofu,misosoup,rice,vegetablesandfish.PeopleinOkinawaliveevenlonger.Andlocalfoodtraditionsmayhelpexplainwhy.Forexample,theystopeatingwhen80%full.Theirdietisrichinnutritiousvegetables.Thoughhabitsarechanging,theislandisstillhometomanypeopleover100yearsofage.Researchersthinkeatingfewercaloriesforlonghelps.However,Frenchpeopleeatfattyfoodsbutdonotgetfat.Andtheylivealongtime.Researcherscallthisthe“FrenchParadox.”Aparadoxissomethingmadeupofoppositesandseemsimpossiblebutitis,infact,possible.ThereasonwhytheFrencheatfattyfoodswithoutgettingfatmaybesimple.Theyeatless.ServingsizesinFrenchrestaurantsandinproductssoldinstoresaresmallerthanthoseintheUnitedStates.Andgenerallyspeaking,mostFrenchpeopledonotsnack.Thismeanstheydonoteatfoodbetweenmeals.8.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisacommonfeatureofthehealthiestdiets?A.Emphasizelocalandseasonalfoods.B.Richinprocessedfoodsforconvenience.C.Highinredmeatandsugaryfoods.D.Includelargeamountsofsnacksbetweenmeals.9.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueabouttheMediterraneandiet?A.Itincludesmoderatefishandpoultry.B.Redmeatandsugaryfoodsarerarelyeaten.C.Itemphasizesprocessedfoodsfordailymeals.D.Fruits,vegetables,andoliveoilarepartofthediet.10.Theunderlinedword“paradox”inthesentence“Researcherscallthisthe‘FrenchParadox.’”mostlikelymeans:A.Acommonandexpectedsituation.B.Somethingthatseemscontradictorybutistrue.C.Aproblemthatcannotbesolved.D.Awidelyacceptedscientificfact.11.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Japanesepeoplelivelongerbecausetheyeatonlyvegetablesandfish.B.Healthydietsaroundtheworldsharecertainfeaturesandcontributetolonglife.C.TheFrenchcaneatfattyfoodsandnotgainweightbecausetheyeatless.D.Processedfoodsshouldbecompletelyavoidedtolivelonger.【答案】8.A9.C10.B11.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了世界各地健康饮食的共性与长寿关联。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Theyfoundthatthehealthiestdiets—Mediterranean,NewNordic,FrenchandJapanese—arequitedifferentbutsharesomethings.(他们发现，最健康的饮食——地中海、新北欧、法国和日本——有很大不同，但也有一些共同之处。)”、和第二段中“Theyareallheavyonlocal,seasonalfoodsandlimitprocessedfoods.(它们都大量使用当地的时令食物，并限制加工食品。)”可知，最健康的饮食的共同特征是强调当地和时令食物。故选A。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Theyareallheavyonlocal,seasonalfoodsandlimitprocessedfoods.Theyhavemanyvegetablesandseafoodbutlittleredmeat.ManystudiesprovetheMediterraneandietishealthy.Itincludesfruits,vegetables,wholegrains,nutsandoliveoil.There’salsomoderatefishandpoultry.Redmeat,sugaryandsaltyfoodsarenotcommoninit.(这些饮食都大量选用当地当季食材，且限制加工食品的摄入。它们富含蔬菜和海鲜，但红肉摄入量较少。多项研究证实，地中海饮食十分健康。它包含水果、蔬菜、全谷物、坚果和橄榄油。此外，还有适量的鱼类和家禽。红肉、含糖和含盐食物在其中并不常见。)”可知，地中海饮食强调日常饮食中的加工食品是错误的，因为地中海饮食限制加工食品。故选C。【10题详析】词句猜测题。根据倒数第二段“However,Frenchpeopleeatfattyfoodsbutdonotgetfat.Andtheylivealongtime.Researcherscallthisthe“FrenchParadox .”Aparadoxissomethingmadeupofoppositesandseemsimpossiblebutitis,infact,possible.(然而，法国人食用高脂肪食物却不会发胖，而且寿命也很长。研究人员将这一现象称为“法国Paradox”。paradox指的是由对立面构成、看似不可能但实际可能的事物。)”可知，法国人吃高脂肪食物却不会发胖，而且寿命很长，这看起来是矛盾的，但却是真实的，所以paradox的意思是“看似矛盾但真实存在的事物”。故选B。【11题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段中“Arecentstudyshowsthatpeopleeatinghealthyfoodinproperamountslivelonger.Butwhichareashavethebestdiets?(最近的一项研究表明，适量食用健康食品的人寿命更长。但是哪些地区的饮食最好呢？)”以及根据第二段“Theyareallheavyonlocal,seasonalfoodsandlimitprocessedfoods.Theyhavemanyvegetablesandseafoodbutlittleredmeat.ManystudiesprovetheMediterraneandietishealthy.Itincludesfruits,vegetables,wholegrains,nutsandoliveoil.There’salsomoderatefishandpoultry.Redmeat,sugaryandsaltyfoodsarenotcommoninit.(这些饮食都大量选用当地当季食材，且限制加工食品的摄入。它们富含蔬菜和海鲜，但红肉摄入量较少。多项研究证实，地中海饮食十分健康。它包含水果、蔬菜、全谷物、坚果和橄榄油。此外，还有适量的鱼类和家禽。红肉、含糖和含盐食物在其中并不常见。)”可知，本文主要介绍了世界上最健康的饮食，包括地中海、新北欧、法国和日本饮食，它们有一些共同之处，都大量使用当地的时令食物，限制加工食品，多吃蔬菜和海鲜，少吃红肉，这些健康的饮食有助于长寿。因此，本文的主旨是“世界各地的健康饮食有一些共同特征，有助于长寿”。故选B。DFiveyearsago,FrenchnavyofficerJérômeChardonwaslisteningtoaradioprogramaboutthejourneyofthebar-tailedgodwit(斑尾塍鹬),whichfliesabout14,000kilometers,movingfromNewZealandtoAlaska.Chardonknewhowhardthejourneywouldbe,asheavystormshitPacificislandcommunitiesfrequently.Yet,bar-tailedgodwitspassthroughtheareauninjured.Chardonwonderedwhetherlearninghowgodwitsnavigatecouldhelpusavoiddisasters.ThisJanuary,ateamfromFrance’sNationalMuseumofNaturalHistory(NMNH)begantotestChardon’sidea.ResearchersledbyFrédéricJiguetequipped56birdsoffivespecieswithcutting-edgeanimaltrackingtechnology.Theyattachedtags(标签)tothebirdsinFrenchPolynesia.Thesetagssendthebirds’locationstotheInternationalSpaceStation,whichsendsthedatabacktoscientistsonEarthwhocanthenfollowthebirdsastheyhuntforfood,moveandrest—allthewhilewaitingtoseehowthebirdsrespondtonaturaldisasters.Theprojectisfocusingonbirds’abilitytohearthelow-frequencysoundthathumanscan’thear,andresearchersbelieveitmightbethemostlikelysignalbirdswouldusetosensedisasters.Ina2014study,scientiststrackinggolden-wingedwarblersinAmericafoundthatthebirdsflewupto1,500kilometerstoescapefromanoutbreakoftsunamithatkilled35peopleandcostmorethanonebilliondollars.Thisshowedthey’dheardthestormsysteminadvance.“Trackingthatbehaviorofbirdsmayhelpusdevelopanearlywarningsystem,”Jiguetsays.Bernard,afamoustsunamiscientist,said,“Don’toverstressthetsunamiwarningaspectofthisproject,becausemosttsunamisareharmlesslysmall,andfalsealarmscauseeconomicdamage.”“Eveniftheattempttodevelopabird-basedtsunamiearlywarningsystemfails,theprojectwillstillhelpscientistsprotectbirds.Inthatsense,theresearchhasalreadyyieldedresults,”Jiguetsaid.“Thefirstseason’strackingdatahasbecomeausefulclueforbirdexpertstoprotectthesespeciesamongrisingseasandthechangingclimate.”12.Whatistheresearchers’purposeintrackingbirdsofdifferentspecies?A.Tolearnmoreabouttheirlifestyles.B.Toknowtheirreactionstodisasters.C.Totestananimaltrackingtechnology.D.Tohelpthemadapttothelocalenvironment.13.Whyisthe2014studymentionedinparagraph3?A.Toprovebirdscansensedisastersinadvance.B.ToprovetsunamisarecommoninAmerica.C.Toshowhumanscan’thearlow-frequencysounds.D.Toshownaturaldisasterscauseseveredamagetopeople.14.WhatwouldJiguetthinkoftheirresearch?A.Successful. B.Challenging.C.Rewarding. D.Meaningless.15.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Howarenaturaldisastersposingathreattosociety?B.Isitnecessarytodevelopanearly-warningsystem?C.Whydoweneedtopreparefornaturaldisasters?D.Canbirdsgiveacluetonaturaldisasters?【答案】12.B13.A14.C15.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。鸟类能够帮助人类预警自然灾害吗？法国专家FrédéricJiguet带领的研究团队正在展开研究。【12题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Chardonwonderedwhetherlearninghowgodwitsnavigatecouldhelpusavoiddisasters.(Chardon想知道，了解塍鹬如何导航是否可以帮助我们避免灾难)”及第二段中的“ThisJanuary,ateamfromFrance’sNationalMuseumofNaturalHistory(NMNH)begantotestChardon’sidea.ResearchersledbyFrédéricJiguetequipped56birdsoffivespecieswithcutting-edgeanimaltrackingtechnology.(今年1月，来自法国国家自然历史博物馆(NMNH)的一个团队开始测试Chardon的想法。由FrédéricJiguet领导的研究人员为5个物种的56只鸟类配备了尖端的动物追踪技术)”及“Thesetagssendthebirds’locationstotheInternationalSpaceStation,whichsendsthedatabacktoscientistsonEarthwhocanthenfollowthebirdsastheyhuntforfood,moveandrest—allthewhilewaitingtoseehowthebirdsrespondtonaturaldisasters.(这些标签将鸟类的位置发送到国际空间站，国际空间站将数据传回地球上的科学家，然后他们可以跟踪鸟类寻找食物，移动和休息——同时等待观察鸟类如何应对自然灾害)”可推知，研究人员追踪不同种类鸟类的目的是了解它们对灾难的反应。故选B。【13题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Ina2014study,scientiststrackinggolden-wingedwarblersinAmericafoundthatthebirdsflewupto1,500kilometerstoescapefromanoutbreakoftsunamithatkilled35peopleandcostmorethanonebilliondollars.Thisshowedthey’dheardthestormsysteminadvance.(在2014年的一项研究中，科学家们追踪了美国的金翅莺，发现这些鸟飞到1500公里远的地方躲避海啸，这场海啸造成35人死亡，损失超过10亿美元。这表明他们提前听到了风暴系统的声音)”可推知，作者提到2014年的研究是为了证明鸟类确实可以提前感知自然灾害。故选A。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的““Eveniftheattempttodevelopabird-basedtsunamiearlywarningsystemfails,theprojectwillstillhelpscientistsprotectbirds.Inthatsense,theresearchhasalreadyyieldedresults,”Jiguetsaid.(“即使开发基于鸟类的海啸预警系统的尝试失败了，该项目仍将帮助科学家保护鸟类。从这个意义上说，这项研究已经取得了成果。”Jiguet说)”可推知，Jiguet认为他们的研究是值得的、有意义的。故选C。【15题详析】主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“Chardonwonderedwhetherlearninghowgodwitsnavigatecouldhelpusavoiddisasters.(Chardon想知道，了解塍鹬如何导航是否可以帮助我们避免灾难)”及第二段中的“ThisJanuary,ateamfromFrance’sNationalMuseumofNaturalHistory(NMNH)begantotestChardon’sidea.ResearchersledbyFrédéricJiguetequipped56birdsoffivespecieswithcutting-edgeanimaltrackingtechnology.(今年1月，来自法国国家自然历史博物馆(NMNH)的一个团队开始测试Chardon的想法。由FrédéricJiguet领导的研究人员为5个物种的56只鸟类配备了尖端的动物追踪技术)”可知，本文主要介绍了法国国家自然历史博物馆的一个团队正在使用追踪器观察鸟类，目的是发现它们能够提前感知自然灾害的原因并运用到人类生活中。由此可知，D项Canbirdsgiveacluetonaturaldisasters?(鸟类是否能给人类提供灾害预警？)适合作本文标题。故选D。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HowCanIBuildMyFriendships?Buildingandkeepinghealthyfriendshipstakeseffortandbalance.Friendshipsgrowonsharedsupport.____16____Showingyourfriendsthatyoucarestrengthensyourbond.Beingagoodfriendyourselfisjustasimportantashavinggoodfriendsaroundyou.Herearesomekeywaystobuildyourfriendships:____17____Takeaninterestinwhat’shappeninginyourfriends’lives.Showyou’relisteningthrougheyecontact,bodylanguage,andshortcommentslike“Thatsoundsgreat.”Whenyourfriendsarefacingdifficulties,listenwithunderstandingandavoidofferingadviceunlesstheyaskforit.Sometimes,justbeingtheretolistenisthebestsupportyoucangive.Bedependableandtrustworthy.____18____Besomeoneyourfriendscancountonbykeepingpromisesandshowingupontime.Whenafriendsharessomethingpersonalwithyou,respecttheirprivacyandkeepitprivate.Followingthroughonyourpromisesandbeingreliablehelpsbuildstronger,lastingconnections.Stayconnectedandavailable.Buildingdeeperfriendshipstakestime.Makeanefforttoseefriendsregularlyandcheckinwiththembetweenmeet-ups.____19____It’snaturaltofeelabitawkwardwhengettingtoknowsomeonenew,butdon’tletthatstopyou.Asyouconnectmoreoften,you’llfindthattheinitialawkwardnessfadesandadeeperbondbeginstoform.Remember,it’snevertoolatetomakenewfriendsorreconnectwitholdones.Puttingtimeandenergyintofriendshipscanimproveyouremotionalwell-beingandcontributetoamorepositiveoutlookonlife.____20____Theyhelpyougetthroughtoughtimesandmakegoodmomentsevenmorespecial.A.Beanactivelistener.B.Friendsbringjoyandsupport.C.Trustisimportantforclosefriendships.D.Bemindfulthatfriendshipsrequireeffort.E.Spendingtimewithfriendscanmakeyoufeelbetterandhappier.F.Sometimesyouhelpout,andothertimesyou’retheonereceivinghelp.G.Evensmallgestures,likeatextorphonecall,canmakeabigdifference.【答案】16.F17.A18.C19.G20.B【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何建立和维护健康的友谊。【16题详析】上文“Buildingandkeepinghealthyfriendshipstakeseffortandbalance.Friendshipsgrowonsharedsupport.(建立和保持健康的友谊需要努力和平衡。友谊在相互支持中成长。)”说明友谊需要相互支持，F项“Sometimesyouhelpout,andothertimesyou’retheonereceivinghelp.(有时候你帮助别人，有时候你是接受帮助的人。)”承接上文，说明友谊需要互帮互助，符合语境。故选F。【17题详析】根据下文“Takeaninterestinwhat’shappeninginyourfriends’lives.Showyou’relisteningthrougheyecontact,bodylanguage,andshortcommentslikeThatsoundsgreat.(对你的朋友的生活发生的事情感兴趣。通过眼神交流、肢体语言和简短的评论，如那听起来不错，来表明你在倾听。)”可知，本段主要说明的是要做一个积极的倾听者，A项“Beanactivelistener.(做一个积极的倾听者。)”引起下文，符合语境。故选A。【18题详析】根据本段小标题“Bedependableandtrustworthy.(要可靠和值得信赖。)”以及后文“Whenafriendsharessomethingpersonalwithyou,respecttheirprivacyandkeepitprivate.(当朋友和你分享一些私人的事情时，要尊重他们的隐私，并保密。)”可知，本段说明的是信任对于亲密的友谊很重要，C项“Trustisimportantforclosefriendships.(信任对亲密的友谊很重要。)”引起下文，符合语境。故选C。【19题详析】根据上文“Makeanefforttoseefriendsregularlyandcheckinwiththembetweenmeet-ups.(努力定期与朋友见面，并在聚会之间与他们联系。)”可知，上文提到了要花时间和朋友相处，G项“Evensmallgestures,likeatextorphonecall,canmakeabigdifference.(即使是一个小小的举动，比如一条短信或一个电话，也会产生很大的影响。)”承接上文，进一步说明和朋友相处的具体方式，符合语境。故选G。【20题详析】根据上文“Puttingtimeandenergyintofriendshipscanimproveyouremotionalwell-beingandcontributetoamorepositiveoutlookonlife.(在友谊上投入时间和精力可以改善你的情绪健康，并有助于你对生活有更积极的看法。)”以及后文“Theyhelpyougetthroughtoughtimesandmakegoodmomentsevenmorespecial.(它们帮助你度过艰难时期，让美好的时刻更加特别。)”可知，上文提到了友谊的好处，下文中的“They”指代B项中的“Friends”。B项“Friendsbringjoyandsupport.(朋友带来快乐和支持。)”承上启下，符合语境。故选B。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。ItwasNewYear’sEve2022.Forthefirsttimeindecades,EleanorHeginbothamwasspendingtheholiday____21____.Herhusbandof62years,Erland,haddiedinJune.To____22____hermood,shedecidedtomakesomeholidaycardsanddrovetoanearby____23____todropthemoff.Whenshereturnedtoher____24____,though,itwouldn’tstart.Herheart____25____.Heginbothamthoughtof____26____roadsideassistance,butrealizingit’s____27____totakealongtimeforhelptoarriveonaholiday,shewentbackinsidethepostoffice.“Doesanyoneknowhowtojumpstartacar?”Heginbothamasked.OnewomannamedZein,withoutanyhesitation,____28____tohelp.Itwasgettingdarkandshecouldn’tmakeany____29____.ButZeininsistedthatshecouldhelpherout.Overthenext40minutes,morepeople____30____,takingtimetohelpastrangeronacoldholidayevening.Eventually,they____31____togetthecartostart.ZeinevendrovebehindHeginbothamtomakesureshegothome____32____.When____33____thecrowdofstrangers,allofwhomhadstoppedwhattheywerebusydoingandcametoher____34____thatday,HeginbothamthinksofafewlinesfromtheDickinsonpoem,“Adeedknocksfirstatthought.”“Adeedknocksfirstatthought,andatwill...Itthengoesoutanact,”Heginbothamsaid.“That’swhatgoodnessisabout,really,is____35____.Butfirstofall...ithastocomefromthemindandtheheart.Andthesepeoplewhoarekinddidthat.”21.A.regretfully B.restlessly C.alone D.aloud22.A.match B.lift C.recover D.maintain23.A.postoffice B.shoppingmall C.supermarket D.bookstore24.A.car B.station C.seat D.house25.A.raced B.hurt C.beat D.sank26.A.calling B.meeting C.sending D.expecting27.A.necessary B.lucky C.likely D.simple28.A.refused B.offered C.regretted D.failed29.A.attempt B.mistake C.trouble D.progress30.A.steppedup B.turnedaway C.brokedown D.gavein31.A.managed B.wanted C.tried D.hurried32.A.quickly B.safely C.happily D.freely33.A.considering B.awarding C.recalling D.encouraging34.A.rescue B.notice C.sense D.defense35.A.thought B.will C.action D.decision【答案】21.C22.B23.A24.A25.D26.A27.C28.B29.D30.A31.A32.B33.C34.A35.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述2022年新年前夜，丧偶的EleanorHeginbotham独自过节时，因汽车无法启动陷入困境，最终在包括Zein在内的多位陌生人主动帮助下成功脱困，这段经历让她对善意有了更深感悟的故事。【21题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：几十年来，EleanorHeginbotham第一次独自过节。A.regretfully遗憾地；B.restlessly不安地；C.alone独自地；D.aloud大声地。根据后文“Herhusbandof62years,Erland,haddiedinJune”可知，丈夫去世她此次过节是“独自”的，“alone”符合“失去伴侣后独自度过节日”的语境。故选C项。【22题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了让心情好起来，她决定做一些节日贺卡，然后开车去附近的邮局投递。A.match匹配；B.lift提升、使好转；C.recover恢复；D.maintain维持。根据后文“shedecidedtomakesomeholidaycards”可知，丈夫去世后心情低落，制作贺卡并投递是为了“让心情好转”，“liftone’smood”是固定搭配，意为“改善某人心情”，符合语境。故选B项。【23题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了让心情好起来，她决定做一些节日贺卡，然后开车去附近的邮局投递。A.postoffice邮局；B.shoppingmall购物中心；C.supermarket超市；D.bookstore书店。根据后文“dropthemoff”以及“shewentbackinsidethepostoffice”可知，开车去附近的邮局投递，“postoffice”符合场景。故选A项。【24题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但当她回到车上时，车却发动不起来了。A.car汽车；B.station车站；C.seat座位；D.house房子。前文提到“drovetoanearby...”（开车去附近的……），投递完贺卡后应是回到“车”上，“car”与前文“drove”呼应。故选A项。【25题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的心沉了下去。A.raced疾驰；B.hurt受伤；C.beat跳动；D.sank下沉。根据前文“itwouldn’tstart.”可知，她的心沉了下去。故选D项。【26题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Heginbotham想打电话求助道路救援，但意识到节日期间救援可能要花很长时间，于是她回到了邮局里。A.calling打电话；B.meeting遇见；C.sending发送；D.expecting期待。根据后文“roadsideassistance”可知，道路救援通常需要通过“打电话”联系，“callingroadsideassistance”符合“求助”的常规方式。故选A项。【27题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Heginbotham想打电话求助道路救援，但意识到节日期间救援可能要花很长时间，于是她回到了邮局里。A.necessary必要的；B.lucky幸运的；C.likely可能的；D.simple简单的。根据后文“onaholiday”可知，节日期间服务资源紧张，救援“可能”延迟。故选C项。【28题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个名叫Zein的女人，毫不犹豫地主动提出帮忙。A.refused拒绝；B.offered主动提出；C.regretted后悔；D.failed失败。根据后文“Zeininsistedthatshecouldhelpherout”可知，Zein是“主动提出”帮忙，“offeredtohelp”符合语境。故选B项。【29题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：天越来越黑，却毫无进展。A.attempt尝试；B.mistake错误；C.trouble麻烦；D.progress进展。“itwasgettingdark”（天变黑）与“but”（转折）提示，尽管Zein尝试帮忙，但汽车仍未修好，没有“进展”，“progress”符合“事情无推进”的状态。故选D项。【30题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：在接下来的40分钟里，更多人主动上前，在寒冷的节日夜晚抽出时间帮助一个陌生人。A.steppedup主动上前；B.turnedaway转身离开；C.brokedown出故障；D.gavein屈服。根据后文“takingtimetohelp”可知，人们愿意花时间帮忙，说明这些人是“主动上前”提供帮助，“steppedup”符合“主动参与”的行为。故选A项。【31题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：最终，他们成功让汽车发动了起来。A.managed设法做到；B.wanted想要；C.tried尝试；D.hurried匆忙。“eventually”（最终）提示经过努力，他们“成功”启动了汽车，“managedtodosth”表示“设法做成某事”，强调结果，符合语境。故选A项。【32题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：Zein甚至开车跟在Heginbotham后面，确保她安全到家。A.quickly快速地；B.safely安全地；C.happily开心地；D.freely自由地。根据前文“ZeinevendrovebehindHeginbotham”可知，夜晚且Heginbotham独自驾车，Zein跟在后面是为了“安全”，“safely”符合“保驾护航”的目的。故选B项。【33题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当回忆起那天那些陌生人——他们都放下了手头的事来救她时，Heginbotham想起了狄金森诗中的几行：“善举先源于想法。”A.considering考虑；B.awarding奖励；C.recalling回忆；D.encouraging鼓励。故事发生在过去，此处是Heginbotham事后“回忆”当时的场景，“recalling”符合“回想过去事件”的语境。故选C项。【34题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当回忆起那天那些陌生人——他们都放下了手头的事来救她时，Heginbotham想起了狄金森诗中的几行：“善举先源于想法。”A.rescue救援、帮助；B.notice注意；C.sense感觉；D.defense防御。根据前文“shecouldhelpherout”可知，陌生人帮助Heginbotham解决汽车故障，属于“救援/帮助”她脱离困境，“cometoherrescue”是固定搭配，意为“前来救她”，符合语境。故选A项。【35题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“这就是善意的本质，其实就是行动。但首先……它必须源自思想和内心。而那些善良的人做到了这一点。”A.thought想法；B.will意愿；C.action行动；D.decision决定。前文提到诗句“Adeedknocksfirstatthought...Itthengoesoutanact”（善举先源于想法……然后转化为行动），此处Heginbotham总结善意的本质是“行动”，“action”与诗句中的“act”呼应，符合逻辑。故选C项。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Nocultureintheworldhasproducedalongercontinuoustraditionofgardendesignthan____36____ofChina.Originally,atypicalChinesegardenmerelywasmadeupofusefultreesplanted____37____thewallsaroundafarmhouse.InaChinesegarden,astrong____38____(believe)inasenseofunitywithnatureisrequired.Theconceptof____39____(it)designisto“bringouttherhythmofnature”.Itisaplace,____40____