广西壮族自治区南宁市邕衡教育2025-2026学年高三上学期11月月考英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1广西壮族自治区南宁市邕衡教育2025-2026学年高三上学期11月月考英语试题第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.Wheredidthemangoyesterday?A.Toamuseum. B.Toatenniscourt. C.Toalibrary.【答案】C【原文】W:Jennysaidsheplannedtoplaytenniswithyouyesterday,butyouwerenotathome.M:IwenttotheCityLibrarytoborrowsomebooksformyresearchonmuseums.2.Howdidthewomanfeelatthebeginningofthecontest?A.Nervous. B.Confident. C.Excited.【答案】A【原文】M:HowwasyourEnglishSpeechContestyesterday?W:Honestlyspeaking,Icouldn’tcalmdownatfirst.Butwiththecontestgoingon,Ibecamemoreandmoreconfident.Afterthecontest,Ifeltexcited.3.Whydidthemanapologizetothewoman?A.Heservedwrongfood. B.Heoverturnedadrink. C.Hemistookherforawaitress.【答案】B【原文】M:Sorry,Miss.Iupsettheglass.Iwasn’tnoticingtherewasaglassofdrinkonthetable.W:Itwasjustaglassofwater.Let’saskthewaitresstotakecareofit.4.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Athome. B.Inacafé. C.Inacinema.【答案】A【原文】W:It’sblowingprettyhardoutthere.I’dratherstayherebythefireplace,underthisblanket,andwatchamovie.M:OK.I’llmakeussomehotchocolate.5.Whatwillthewomando?A.Lockthedoors. B.Informthecustomers. C.Repairthespeakers.【答案】B【原文】M:Canyougoaroundanddotheclosingannouncementforeveryonewhoisstillhere?I’mgoingtolockthedoors.W:Sure.Ihopewegetthespeakersfixedsoon,though.It’shardworkfindingeveryoneinthisbigstore.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。6.Whataretheguardsbannedfromdoing?A.Beingphotographed. B.Carryingloadedguns. C.Interactingwithothers.7.WhatisLucy’sattitudetowardstherules?A.Sheopposesthem. B.Sheunderstandsthem. C.Shequestionsthem.【答案】6.C7.B【原文】M:HowdidyouenjoyBuckinghamPalace,Lucy?W:It’samazing.Haveyouseentheguardsoutside—theoneswhowearuniforms?M:Yes.Theyareactuallyrealsoldiers,withloadedguns.W:Yeah.Itookmypicturewithone.Ifeltsorryforhim,becausehewasnotallowedtomove,totalk,ortoevenlookatyou.M:Well,youwouldn’twanttogetintoanargumentwithoneofthem.W:Iknow,andIappreciatewhytherulesarethere.Theyaretheretodoajob,guardingthepalace,notgreetingexcitedtourists.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。8.Whatisamustfortheposition?A.Hands-onprogrammingexperience.B.Abachelor’sdegreeincomputerengineering.C.Skillsrelatedtodevelopingapplications.9.WhatisMr.Leelikeaccordingtohisowndescription?A.Ambitious. B.Hardworking. C.Modest.10.Whatwillthespeakersprobablytalkaboutnext?A.Theworkingtime. B.Thepaidvacation. C.Thesalary.【答案】8.B9.A10.C【原文】W:So,Mr.Lee,asit’sanentry-levelengineeringposition,werequireyouhaveatleastabachelor’sdegreeincomputerengineering.Also,itwouldbebetterifyouhadsomehands-onprogrammingexperienceorskillsrelatingtodevelopingapplications.M:Myfinalschoolprojectwasdevelopingamobileapplication.W:Good.Doyouconsideryourselfhardworking?M:Iwon’tdescribemyselfthatway.Ijustfeelthatsometimesit’smoreimportantforyoutofindthemosteffectivewaytodealwithanissue.Thejobshouldhelpmegrowinmycareer.Iwanttoseemyselfbeingateamleaderin3to5years.W:Iadmiremenwithambition.Well,Mr.Lee,ourworkingtimeisfrom9:00a.m.to5p.m.onweekdays.Thepositionalsoincludestwoweeks’paidvacationeveryyear.M:AndI’dliketoknowhowmuchIcangetpaid.W:Well,weoffer...听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。11.Whatdoweknowaboutthedocument?A.It’swritteninEnglish. B.It’sforthewoman’sstudy. C.It’sover300pages.12.Whatdoesthemansayisthemostdifficulttotranslate?A.Ancientculturestudies. B.Newtechnology. C.Modernnovels.13.Howmuchwouldthewomanpay?A.$40,000. B.$35,000. C.$30,000.【答案】11.B12.A13.A【原文】M:PreciseTranslation.CanIhelpyou?W:Yes.I’vegotthisdocumentformyresearch.It’sinHebrew.IneedittobetranslatedintoEnglish.M:CanIseeit?W:Sure,here.It’sabouttheculturesoftheancientMiddleEast,lessthan300pages.M:Hmm.30,000dollars,andwe’llgetitdoneinthreemonths.W:Thatmuch?M:Well,ifitwereamodernnoveloraboutsomenewtechnology,it’dbemuchcheaper.Ancientculturestudiesarethehardest.W:Butthreemonthsaretoolong.Canyougetitdoneinamonth?M:Thenyou’llhavetopay40,000dollars.Youcan’timaginehowdemandingyourtaskis.W:Uh,adiscountmaybe?Howabout35,000dollars?M:Sorry.W:(sighing)Allright.Butyouhavetoguaranteethequality.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。14.Whatisthewomandoing?A.Chairingameeting. B.Presentinganaward. C.Hostinganinterview.15.Howdoesthemandescribehimselfasachild?A.Confidentandmusical. B.Bookishandshy. C.Sociableandimaginative.16.Whatdidtheman’suncledoforaliving?A.Heranarecordcompany.B.Heplayedinarockband.C.Heworkedinaudioproduction.17.Howdidtheman’sunclehelphiminhiscareer?A.Byteachinghimtoplayguitar.B.Byinvitingsomestarsforhim.C.Byintroducinghimtothemusicworld.【答案】14.C15.B16.C17.C【原文】W:Howdoesitfeeltohavewonalifetimeachievementawardforyourmusic,Mr.Jackson?M:Honestly,Istillcan’tquitebelieveit!ItfeelslikeonlyyesterdaythatIpickedupmyfirstguitar.W:Wereyoualwaysmusicalasachild?M:Notatmyveryyoungage,anyway.Iusedtofeelmoreconfidentinpilesofbooksthanincrowds.Icouldneverhaveimaginedperforminginpublic.W:So,whatchanged?M:IspentthesummerwithmyauntanduncleinNewYork.Myuncleworkedatasmallrecordcompany.Oneday,hetookmetoworkwithhim.Hesatmeinthegreenroomwhilehewasrecordingandeditingtheaudio.Iwasjustchillingouttherewhensuddenlyagroupofrockstarswalkedin!W:Wow!M:Thebandwassokindtome.Theguitaristtaughtmetoplayafewsimpletunes.IloveditsomuchthatUncleJohntookmetoworkseveralmoretimesduringthatsummer.Afterthat,Iwasaddicted.Ibeggedmyparentsforaguitar,anditjusttookofffromthere.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。18.Whatprobablymadeyoungseabirdsleavetheirnests?A.Hunger. B.Climate. C.Loneliness.19.Whatdidthespeakerdotohelptheyoungseabirds?A.Shetreatedtheirinjuries. B.Shecarriedthemtonests. C.Shedrewpublicattention.20.Whatdidthespeakerthinkoftheexperience?A.Rewarding. B.Challenging. C.Effortless.【答案】18.A19.C20.A【原文】W:Lastyear,IsawakindofseabirdwhenIwasvisitinganisland.Aswintercomes,theadultseabirdswillmigratetoawarmerplace,leavingtheirbabiesbehind.Andshortlyafter,theyoungseabirdswillalsoflyofftheirneststhemselves.Insteadofsearchingfortheirparents,theyaremorelikelytofindsomethingfortheirstomach.Inthedaylight,youngseabirdsheadouttosea.However,whentheyreturnhomeatnight,it’sadifferentstory.Usingstarsfornavigation,thesebirdscanbeeasilymisdirectedbythelightofthetown.Tohelpthebirds,Ijoinedavolunteerteam.Wemanagedtobroadcastthisphenomenonbothonlineandinthecommunity.What’smore,wecarriedthelostbirdsdowntothebeachandthrewthemuphighbeforedawn.Someseabirdsweren’treadytobereleasediftheywereinjuredorwhatever.Inthatcase,theyweretakentothelocalhospital.WheneverIsawthemsoarintothesky,Ifeltnothingbuteverybitofmyeffortpaidoff!第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ATypesofGreenCars:FromGasSaverstoFullElectricsFromefficientgas-poweredvehiclestoplug-inhybridsandall-electricmodels,thisguidehelpsyouunderstandthewiderangeofgreencaroptionsandwhichmightberightforyou.Gas-OnlyFuel-EfficientVehiclesThesearetraditionalvehiclesthatuseadvancedengineeringtodeliverbetterfueleconomy.Oftenlabeledas“eco”or“green”,theyincludeimprovementssuchaslightermaterialsandenginestart-stopsystems.Goodfor:·Budget-consciousbuyers·Highwaycommuters·AreaswithlimitedcharginginfrastructureDrawbacks:Fullydependentongasolineandsubjecttorisingfuelpricesandvehicleemissions.HybridElectricVehicles(HEVs)HybridElectricVehiclescombineagasolineenginewithanelectricmotor.Itsmotorassiststheengineandregeneratesenergy.Youdon’tplugthemin;theychargeonthego.Goodfor:·Urbandriverswithstop-and-gotraffic·Long-distancecommuters·DriversnotreadyforfullelectrificationDrawbacks:Relyongasolineandhavesmallerbatteriesthanplug-inhybridsorEVs.Plug-InHybridElectricVehicles(PHEVs)PHEVsofferbothagasengineandalargerrechargeablebattery.Youcanplugthemintochargethebattery.Itoffers15—60electricmilesbeforethegasenginestarts.Goodfor:·Short-distancecommuters·Householdswithhomecharging·DriverswhowantelectricexperiencewithoutfullcommitmentDrawbacks:Morecomplexdrivetrains;requirebothfuelingandcharging.BatteryElectricVehicles(BEVsorEVs)Fullyelectriccarsarepoweredonlybyelectricity.Theymustbepluggedintorechargeanddonotusegasolineatall.Goodfor:·Driverswithpredictabledailyroutes·Accesstohomeorpubliccharging·ZerotailpipeemissionsgoalsDrawbacks:Chargingtimeandavailabilitycanbeahurdleforsomelifestylesorroad-trippers.21.WhatisadisadvantageofGas-OnlyFuel-EfficientVehicles?A.Theoutdatedenginesystem. B.Theunfashionablestyling.C.Thecostofahighinitialpurchase. D.Theburdenofrisingfuelexpenses.22.WhatdoHEVsandPHEVshaveincommon?A.Bothhavelargebatteries. B.Bothhavetwopowersources.C.Bothmustbepluggedintorecharge. D.Botharesuitableforlongcommutes.23.Whomaythetextbeintendedfor?A.Vehiclepurchasers. B.Mechanicalengineeringmajors.C.Automotiveengineers. D.Environmentalactivists.【答案】21.D22.B23.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了从节能汽油车到插电式混合动力车和全电动车型等不同类型的环保汽车，分析了它们各自的特点、适用人群及缺点，旨在帮助读者了解各种环保汽车选项并做出合适的选择。【21题详析】细节理解题。根据“Gas-OnlyFuel-EfficientVehicles”部分“Drawbacks:Fullydependentongasolineandsubjecttorisingfuelpricesandvehicleemissions.(缺点：完全依赖汽油，且容易受到燃油价格上涨和车辆排放问题的影响)”可知，这类车的缺点是完全依赖汽油，并且受油价上涨的影响。选项D“不断上涨的燃油费用带来的负担”与此信息完全对应。故选D。【22题详析】细节理解题。根据“HybridElectricVehicles(HEVs)”部分“HybridElectricVehiclescombineagasolineenginewithanelectricmotor.Itsmotorassiststheengineandregeneratesenergy.(混合动力汽车将汽油发动机与电动马达相结合。其电动马达会辅助发动机运转，并实现能量回收)”和“Plug-InHybridElectricVehicles(PHEVs)”部分“PHEVsofferbothagasengineandalargerrechargeablebattery.(插电式混合动力汽车配备了汽油发动机和一个更大的可充电电池)”可知，HEV和PHEV都同时具备汽油发动机和电动机(或可充电电池)这两种动力来源。故选B。【23题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“Fromefficientgas-poweredvehiclestoplug-inhybridsandall-electricmodels,thisguidehelpsyouunderstandthewiderangeofgreencaroptionsandwhichmightberightforyou.(从高效的燃油动力汽车到插电式混合动力车以及全电动汽车，本指南将帮助您了解各种环保汽车的种类，并为您推荐适合您的车型)”以及后续内容围绕不同车型的优缺点、适用人群展开，语言通俗易懂，旨在为潜在购车者提供信息和决策参考。因此，这篇文章最可能的目标读者是打算购买汽车的人。故选A。BIhitanimportantmilestonethisweek.About100,000peoplehavereadmywritings.IneverexpectedthisscalewhenIdecidedtowriteonearticleeveryweekday.Itmademewonder:wouldIkeeponwritingifnooneeverreadmywords?Theanswerisyes,whichbringsmetoaninterestingquestion:whyIwriteinthefirstplace.Sure,IwritebecauseIenjoytheprocess.Ihavealwayslovedwriting,andIfinallyreachedalevelwhereIcanwritecomfortablyinEnglisheventhoughit’snotmynativelanguage.Plus,writingfeelsessentialtomymentalgymroutine.But,themoreIwrite,themoreIrealizewritingismuchmorethanthat.Writingallowsustocraftourownworld,tountangleourconfusedthoughts,todesignourownmentalmodelsandtomakesenseofourlives.Writingletsussortoutourmessythoughtsandturnwonderingthoughtsintolittlecarriersthatmaytakealifeoftheirownonceoutsideourminds.Inaworldthat’ssounpredictable,writingistheonlythingIfeelIhavecompletecontrolover—notthekindofanxiousandillusorycontrolwethinkwehavewhenwe’rescared,buttheliberatingkindthatonemayexperiencewhenpracticingacraft.Writingexpandsthemind,enlightensexperienceandcreatesdeepconnectionswithpeoplearoundtheworld.Iteducatesyouandothers—andintheprocess,youmayfindyourself.Amongthousandsoflinkedwordsandpages,youstarttoseepatternsemerging—patternsthatrevealmoreaboutyourmindthananybookwrittenbysomeoneelse.Ifyou’vebeenthinkingaboutwriting,doit.Ifyoualreadywrite,keepatit.It’soneofthefewcraftsthatrequiresnospecialtoolorinvestment.Justtime,passion,anddedication.Committoitandyouwillfindnewmeaningswherenoneexistedbefore.24.Whydidtheauthormentionhermilestone?A.Topresentthechallengeofwriting. B.Todisplayherachievementinwriting.C.Tointroducetheimpactofwriting. D.Tohighlightheroriginalintentionofwriting.25.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“untangle”inparagraph3mean?A.Convey. B.Inspire. C.Clarify. D.Hide.26.Whatcanbeinferredfromthecompletecontrolbroughtbywriting?A.It’sacontroloverreaders’understanding.B.It’sacontrolofanxietyandmisconception.C.It’safeelingoffreedomfromunpredictability.D.It’safeelingoffreedombornofpracticingaskill.27.Whatistheauthor’smainpurposeinwritingthepassage?A.Toencouragemorepeopletowrite. B.Togiveadviceonwritingskills.C.Toguidetowritewithlessinvestment. D.Torevealthepatternsofwriting.【答案】24.D25.C26.D27.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者先由自己达到“约十万读者”的里程碑引出对写作动机的反思，随后阐述写作带来的多方面意义并在结尾鼓励读者开始并坚持写作。【24题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“About100,000peoplehavereadmywritings.IneverexpectedthisscalewhenIdecidedtowriteonearticleeveryweekday.Itmademewonder:wouldIkeeponwritingifnooneeverreadmywords?Theanswerisyes,whichbringsmetoaninterestingquestion:whyIwriteinthefirstplace.(约有10万人阅读了我的作品。当初我决定每个工作日写一篇文章时，从未料到会有如此规模的读者群。这让我思考：如果没有人阅读我的文字，我还会继续写作吗？答案是肯定的，这让我想到了一个有趣的问题：我当初为何要写作呢？)”可知，作者提及里程碑的目的是把外在成绩作为引子，引出更深层的自问“我为何写作”，而非单纯炫耀成就，故选D。【25题详析】词句猜测题。根据第三段“Writingallowsustocraftourownworld(写作让我们能够构建属于自己的世界)”以及“untangleourconfusedthoughts（____混乱的思绪）”、“designourownmentalmodels（设计思维模式）”，并列短语语义相近，均为“梳理、明确”相关含义。“confusedthoughts”（混乱思绪）需通过写作变得清晰，故untangle意为“理清、阐明”，与clarify同义。故选C。【26题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段“Inaworldthat’ssounpredictable,writingistheonlythingIfeelIhavecompletecontrolover—notthekindofanxiousandillusorycontrolwethinkwehavewhenwe’rescared,buttheliberatingkindthatonemayexperiencewhenpracticingacraft.(在一个如此难以预测的世界里，写作是我唯一能完全掌控的事情——这不是那种在我们感到恐惧时所认为的那种焦虑且虚幻的掌控，而是一种在从事一项技艺时可能会体验到的自由掌控感)”可知，写作带来的掌控感是一种源自于实践技艺的自由感，故选D。【27题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Ifyou’vebeenthinkingaboutwriting,doit.Ifyoualreadywrite,keepatit.(如果你一直在考虑写作这件事，那就动手去做吧。如果你已经开始写作了，那就坚持下去)”可知，作者的主要目的是鼓励更多人开始并坚持写作，故选A。CResearchers,FengyinDuandhercolleaguesatSoutheastUniversityinNanjing,China,havemadeabreakthroughbydevelopinganewtypeofcement(水泥)inwhichtinyreflectivecrystals(晶体)ofamineralcalledettringitecollectonthesurface.Thisnewmaterial,calledsupercoolcement,hasthepotentialtokeepbuildingscooler,cutdownenergyuse,andhelpcitiesfightagainstclimatechange.Normally,cementabsorbsinfrared(红外线)radiationfromthesunandtrapsheatduringtheday,makingbothbuildingsandcitieshotter.Butthisnewsupercoolcementworksdifferently.Itsendssunlightbackandalsogivesoffheatintothesky,meaningitdoesnotstoretheheatinside.Insimplewords,itactslikeamirrorduringthedayandaradiatoratthesametime.Tomakeit,theteamusedcommonmineralslikelimestoneandgypsum,crushedthemintodust,mixedwithwater,andpouredintomolds.Airbubbleshelpedcreatesmallspaceswherereflectivecrystalscouldgrow.Thesecrystalsthenmadethecementcapableofscatteringsunlighteffectively.Testsshowedthatthenewcementworkedefficiently.Atestshowedthatthenewcementcanreducesurfacetemperaturesby9.7F(5.4℃)underdirectsunlightcomparedtotraditionalcement.Inonerooftoptest,whentheairtemperaturewasabout101°F(38.4℃),thesurfaceofthesupercoolcementstayednearly10degreescoolerthantheairaroundit.“It’sausefulmaterial,”saysOscarBrousseatUniversityCollegeLondon.“Youincreasethereflectivecapacityaswellasincreasingtheemissivity,soanyenergythatiscapturedorconductedtothematerialisemittedefficientlyback.”However,measuringonlythesurfacetemperatureofthematerialdoesn’ttellushowitwillperformintherealworld,saysBrousse,soitshouldundergofurthertesting.“Itdoesn’tmeanthatbecausethesurfaceis5℃lower,theairtemperaturewillbe5℃loweraroundit.Theeffectlocallymaybegreatlylimited.”28.Howisthenewcementdifferentfromnormalcement?A.Itcoolsthesurroundingair B.Itabsorbsmoreinfraredradiation.C.Ittrapsheatandwarmsbuildings. D.Itreflectssunlightandreleasesheat.29.Whatdoesparagraph3mainlytalkabout?A.Theproductionprocessofthenewcement.B.Thefunctionofthecrystalsinthenewcement.C.Thereasonforthenewcement’scoolingeffect.D.Theselectionofrawmaterialsforthenewcement.30.Howdoestheauthorpresenttheeffectofthenewcement?A.Bylistingcausesandeffects. B.Byshowingtestdata.C.Byquotingexperts’comments. D.Byintroducingatheory.31.WhatisOscarBrousse’sattitudetowardsthenewcement?A.Objective. B.Indifferent. C.Supportive. D.Doubtful.【答案】28.D29.A30.B31.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了东南大学研究团队开发的一种新型“冷却水泥(supercoolcement)”，重点讲其原理、制作方式、测试效果以及专家评价。【28题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Normally,cementabsorbsinfraredradiationfromthesunandtrapsheatduringtheday,makingbothbuildingsandcitieshotter.Butthisnewsupercoolcementworksdifferently.Itsendssunlightbackandalsogivesoffheatintothesky,meaningitdoesnotstoretheheatinside.(通常情况下，水泥会吸收太阳的红外线辐射，并在白天锁住热量，从而使建筑物和城市变得更加炎热。但这种新型超低温水泥的工作原理却有所不同。它会将阳光反射回去，并向天空释放热量，这意味着它不会将热量储存在内部)”可知，它与普通水泥的差别主要体现在“反射阳光并释放热量”，故选D。【29题详析】主旨大意题。根据第三段“Tomakeit,theteamusedcommonmineralslikelimestoneandgypsum,crushedthemintodust,mixedwithwater,andpouredintomolds.Airbubbleshelpedcreatesmallspaceswherereflectivecrystalscouldgrow.Thesecrystalsthenmadethecementcapableofscatteringsunlighteffectively.(为了实现这一目标，研究团队使用了常见的矿物质，如石灰石和石膏，将它们研磨成粉末，与水混合后倒入模具中。气泡起到了创造小空间的作用，使得反射性晶体能够在此生长。这些晶体随后使水泥能够有效地散射阳光)”可知，第三段核心内容是如何“制造这种新水泥”，即生产过程，故选A【30题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段“Testsshowedthatthenewcementworkedefficiently.Atestshowedthatthenewcementcanreducesurfacetemperaturesby9.7F(5.4℃)underdirectsunlightcomparedtotraditionalcement.Inonerooftoptest,whentheairtemperaturewasabout101°F(38.4℃),thesurfaceofthesupercoolcementstayednearly10degreescoolerthantheairaroundit.(测试表明这种新型水泥效果显著。一项测试显示，与传统水泥相比，在直接阳光照射下，这种新型水泥能将表面温度降低9.7华氏度（约5.4摄氏度）。在一次屋顶测试中，当气温约为101华氏度（约38.4摄氏度）时，这种超低温水泥的表面温度比周围空气低近10度)”可知，作者通过展示测试数据描述这种新型水泥的效果，故选B。【31题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段““It’sausefulmaterial,”saysOscarBrousseatUniversityCollegeLondon.“Youincreasethereflectivecapacityaswellasincreasingtheemissivity,soanyenergythatiscapturedorconductedtothematerialisemittedefficientlyback.”However,measuringonlythesurfacetemperatureofthematerialdoesn’ttellushowitwillperformintherealworld,saysBrousse,soitshouldundergofurthertesting.“Itdoesn’tmeanthatbecausethesurfaceis5℃lower,theairtemperaturewillbe5℃loweraroundit.Theeffectlocallymaybegreatlylimited.”(伦敦大学学院的奥斯卡·布罗塞表示：“这是一种很有用的材料。它既能提高反射能力，又能提高导热性，因此任何被该材料吸收或传导的能量都能被高效地重新释放出去。”但布罗塞指出，仅仅测量材料表面的温度并不能告诉我们它在实际环境中的表现如何，所以还需要对其进行进一步测试。“这并不意味着因为表面温度降低了5℃，周围空气的温度也会降低5℃。这种效应在局部范围内的影响可能会受到极大限制。”)”可知，其态度既有认可也有科学性的谨慎，是不偏不倚的客观态度，故选A。DCleverdesignofthemenuoptionsonofferonanyonedaycanmakepeoplemuchmorelikelytochooseclimate-friendlyandhealthierfood,withoutanychangestotherecipes.Inatrialinacanteenusedby300peopleattheUniversityofBristol,thestudentswereofferedthesame15mealsusuallyservedeachweek—whatchangedwaswhichwereonofferatanyonemealtime.“We’renotchangingtherecipes,”saysAnnikaFlynn,ateammemberattheuniversity.“Everythingstaysthesame.It’sjusttheorderandthedaysonwhichthedishesarebeingserved.”Theapproachreducedthecarbonfootprintofthefoodtheyateby30percentandthesaturatedfat(饱和脂肪)contentby6percent.“Wewereabletoachievethesereductionswithoutconsumersor,inthiscase,students,knowing,”saysFlynn.Themethodworksbyusingrelativeattractiveness.Soifabeeflasagna(牛肉千层面)isapopularchoiceandalentilcurry(扁豆咖喱)isofferedalongsideitasagreenerchoice,mostpeoplemaystillgoforthelasagna.Butifthelentilcurryisofferedalongsidealesspopularmeal,morewillchoosethecurry.“Whatwerealizedisthatalotofinterventionstendtoencourageconsumerstoeatalittlebitmoreorlessofsomething,”saysFlynn.“Butthelikelihoodthatwechooseadishwillbemostlydependentonwhetheratastierdishisonoffer.”Thistechniqueisaformof“nudging”,developedundertheSNEAKproject.Flynnemphasizesthatsuchstealthyapproachescanbeadoptedinadditiontoencouragingpeopletoconsciouslychoosegreenerorhealthierfood.“Wecandoboth.SNEAKcansitalongsideawholehostofdifferentapproaches,”saysFlynn.Flynnsaysherteamisnowconsideringhowbesttorollouttheapproach.“Ithink,ultimately,wewouldliketodevelopaplatformwherefoodserviceproviderscouldinputtheirmenusanditwouldgenerateoptimizedmenustailoredtothatuniqueenvironment.”32.Whatwaschangedinthetrial?A.Theservingarrangementofthedishes. B.Thetotalnumberofweeklymeals.C.Thepromotionofhealthiermeals. D.Theingredientsoftherecipes.33.Howcanpeoplepromoteahealthydishaccordingtorelativeattractiveness?A.Byimprovingitstasteandappearance. B.Byadvertisingitshealthbenefitsclearly.C.Byofferingitnexttoalesspopulardish. D.Byputtingitatthefrontoftheservingline.34.WhatisFlynn’sfutureplanfortheSNEAKapproach?A.Tofurthertestitseffectiveness. B.Tomakeitmoreeco-harmonious.C.Todesignmenusforindividualtastes. D.Tomakeitaccessibleforfoodserviceproviders.35.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.TheNecessitytoAbandonTastyFoodB.ANewPathtoReducingCarbonFootprintC.MenuAdjustmentsforGreener,HealthierEatingD.GreenDietaryChoicesforUniversityCanteens【答案】32.A33.C34.D35.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了英国布里斯托大学通过巧妙设计菜单选项的呈现方式，引导人们选择更环保、更健康食物的“轻推”实验及其应用前景。【32题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Inatrialinacanteenusedby300peopleattheUniversityofBristol,thestudentswereofferedthesame15mealsusuallyservedeachweek—whatchangedwaswhichwereonofferatanyonemealtime.“We’renotchangingtherecipes,”saysAnnikaFlynn,ateammemberattheuniversity.“Everythingstaysthesame.It’sjusttheorderandthedaysonwhichthedishesarebeingserved.”(在布里斯托大学的一间供300人使用的食堂进行了一项试验。学生们每周通常会享用15份同样的饭菜，不同之处在于每餐提供的菜品有所变化。“我们并没有改变菜谱，”该大学的团队成员安妮卡·弗林说道，“一切都没有改变。只是菜品的上菜顺序以及上菜的日子有所不同。”)”可知，试验中改变的不是菜品的数量或配方，而是菜品在特定餐点供应的顺序和日期，即菜品的供应安排。故选A。【33题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Butifthelentilcurryisofferedalongsidealesspopularmeal,morewillchoosethecurry.(但如果将扁豆咖喱与不太受欢迎的菜品一同上桌，那么更多的人就会选择吃咖喱了)”可知，根据“相对吸引力”原理，将一款健康菜品与一款不那么受欢迎的菜品一同提供时，选择健康菜品的人会更多。这直接对应了C选项“将其与一款不太受欢迎的菜品放在一起提供”。故选C。【34题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段Flynn的话“Ithink,ultimately,wewouldliketodevelopaplatformwherefoodserviceproviderscouldinputtheirmenusanditwouldgenerateoptimizedmenustailoredtothatuniqueenvironment.(我认为，最终我们的目标是建立一个平台，让餐饮服务提供商能够输入他们的菜单，然后该平台会根据特定的环境生成最优化的菜单)”可知，团队未来的计划是开发一个平台，让餐饮服务提供商可以输入他们的菜单，并由平台生成优化的菜单。这旨在将该方法推广并使其能够被餐饮服务提供商所使用。故选D。【35题详析】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Cleverdesignofthemenuoptionsonofferonanyonedaycanmakepeoplemuchmorelikelytochooseclimate-friendlyandhealthierfood,withoutanychangestotherecipes.(在任何一天所提供的菜单选项的设计若独具匠心，就能让人们更倾向于选择环保且健康的食品，而无需对食谱做出任何改动)”以及全文围绕一个核心实验展开：通过调整菜单选项的安排，在不改变食谱的情况下，成功引导人们选择了碳排放更低、更健康的食物。C选项“更环保、更健康的饮食菜单调整方案”最符合文章标题。故选C。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Noticingthatherschoollibraryhadfewbooksfeaturingcharacterswholookedlikeher,11-year-oldEmiKimdecidedtomakeachangebylaunchingtheMirrorBooksProject.____36____Withthemoney,sheboughtanddonatedbooksthatreflectawiderrangeofpeoplesoeveryonecanfeelincluded.Emibelievesthatfearoftheunknownoftenleadstounkindness.Sheseesbooksasbridges.____37____Shehopes,throughherproject,childrenwilllearntocelebratewhatmakeseachpersonuniqueandexploretheworld’sculturaldiversity.Hereffortshavealreadybroughtimpressiveresults.Thefirstfundraiserbroughtin$762,allowingEmitopurchase15booksforfivelocalschools.TheseselectionshighlightedstoriesbyandaboutPacificIslanders,AsianAmericans,AfricanAmericans,Indigenouspeoples,andLatinoandHispanicAmericans.____38____Thenasecondfundraiserraisedover$3,000.Withthosefunds,Emiacquired21booksfocusedonchildrenwithdisabilitiesandvariedfamilystructures,donatingsetsto12differentschools.____39____Emispendshoursreadinginthelibraryandwatchingonlinestorytellingvideos.Thiscarefulresearchhelpsherdiscovermanymeaningfulstories.AmongherfavoritesisEyesthatKissintheCorners,astoryaboutanAsiangirllearningtolovetheuniqueshapeofhereyes.AnotherisAKindofSpark,whoseneurodivergentprotagonistresonatesdeeplywithEmi.“Iwanteverychildtofindthemselvesinastory,”Emisaid.Herprojecthasalreadytouchedhundredsofstudents,whetherit’sachildwhofinallysawtheirfamilyinabook,oraclassmatewhohandedherathank-youcard.____40____Sheplanstocontinuehermission,onebookatatime.A.Choosingsuitablebooksisathoughtfulprocess.B.Herownloveforreadingbeganwhenshewasveryyoung.C.ThefirstsuccessinspiredEmitomakeanevengreaterimpact.D.Herteachersandparentswereincrediblyproudofherachievements.E.Thesemomentsfuelhercommitmentto