考研英语(一)模拟试卷172_第1页
考研英语(一)模拟试卷172_第2页
考研英语(一)模拟试卷172_第3页
考研英语(一)模拟试卷172_第4页
考研英语(一)模拟试卷172_第5页
已阅读5页,还剩15页未读 继续免费阅读

下载本文档

版权说明:本文档由用户提供并上传,收益归属内容提供方,若内容存在侵权,请进行举报或认领

文档简介

考研英语(一)模拟试卷"2

一、完型填空(本题共20题,每题7.0分,共20分。)

Accordingtocertainbeercommercials,thecontemporaryversionofsuccess[Bl]

inmovinguptoapremiumbrandthatcostsadimeorsomoreperbottle.Credit­

cardcompanieswouldhaveyou[B2]successinheresinowningtheirparticular

pieceofplastic.[B3]theflagofsuccess,modern-style,liberalartscollegesare

withering[B4]businessschoolsareburgeoning,andyetevenbusinessschools

arehavinganincreasinglyhardtime[B5]facultymembers,becauseteaching

isn't[B6]"successful"enough.Amiciabroadconsensus[B7]thereis

aglutoflawyersandanepidemicofstranglinglitigation,recordnumbersofyoung

peoplecontinuetoflocktolawschool[B8],fortheindividualpractitioner,a

lawdegreeisstillconsideredasafeticket.Many,byexternal[B9],willbe

"successes".Yetthereisadeadeninganddangerousflawintheirphilosophy:Ithaslittle

room,littlesympathyandlessrespectforthenoblefailure,forthepersonwho[BIO]

pastthelimits,who[Billgloriouslyhighandfallsunashamedly

[BI2]Thatsortofambitiondoesn'thavemuchplaceinaworld[B13]

successisprovedbyworldlyreward[B14]byaccomplishmentitself.

Thatsortofambitionisincreasinglythoughtofasthedomainofirredeemableeccemrics,

[B15]peoplewhohaven'tquitecaughton—andthereisgreatsocialpressure

nottobeoneofthem.Theironyisthattoday'ssuccess-chasersseemobsessedwiththe

ideaofnotsettling.Yetindoggedly[B16]theratherbrittlespeciesofsuccess

nowinfashion,theyare[B17]themselvestoachokinglynarrowswathofturf

alongtheentire[B18]ofhumanpossibilities.Doesitever[B19]to

themthat,frequently,successiswhatpeoplesettlefor[B20]theycan'tthinkof

somethingnobleenoughtobeworthfailingat?

1、[Bl]、、

A、consists

B、composes

C>constitutes

D、makesup

标准答案:A

知识点解析;本题考查近义词辨析。四个选项中,只有consist和in能构成短语,

意为“在于”。

2、[B2]

A、believe

B、believed

C、believing

D^tobelieve

标准答案:A

知识点解析:本题考查固定句型。这里用的固定句型是havesb.dosth.,在这个

句型中,have意为“使,让”,是使役动词,其宾语的补足语用动词原形。所以正确

答案为A。

3、[B3]

A、With

B>Under

C、Below

D^Behind

标准答案:B

知识点解析:本题考查介词用法。under的一个引中义是“在……(原因、条件等)之

下“,根据句意,应选B。undertheflagof...意为“在...的旗帜下

4、[B4]

A、while

B、however

C、but

D、nevertheless

标准答案:A

知识点解析:本题考查逻辑关系。此处对两种情况进行对比,即“……文学院在枯

萎凋零而商学院则在迅速发展……”,因此,应选A。

5、[B5]

A^evaluating

B、finding

C>ensuring

D、admitting

标准答案:B

知识点解析:本题考查上下文推理。evaluating意为“评估”:finding意为“找到”:

ensuring意为“确保,保证“;admitting意为“准许加入,接纳工根据句意“即使是商

业学校,找教员也越来越难”,空格处的词应是B。

6、[B6]

A、acknowledged

considered

C、regarded

D、recognized

标准答案:B

知识点解析:本题考查上下文推理。acknowledge意为“承认”,recognize意为“认

出;承认”,都不符合句意;consider和regard都表示“认为,把看作''等意思,

符合句意,但regard要与as连用,而consider后面的as可省略,因此应选B。

7、[B7]

A、which

what

C、that

D^where

标准答案:C

知识点解析:本题考查连接词。空格处的连接词引导的是同位语从句。引导同位语

从句的只能是thato

8、[B8]

A、because

B、though

C、if

D、whether

标准答案:A

知识点解析:本题考查逻辑关系。空格处连接词引导的从句说明前一句所谈情况的

原因,因此,应选because。句意是:“尽管人们一致认为律师人数过多,供过于

求,而且,诉讼之盛行有如流行病,令人窒息,但年轻人仍不断涌向法学院,其人

数之多创最高记录。这是因为对个体开业者来说,法学学位仍被看作是一张生活的

保险单。’’

9、[B9]

A、levels

B、criteria

C>standards

D、rule

标准答案:C

知识点解析•:本题考查近义词辨析。level意为“水平,水准”,rule意为“规则”,两

项都不符合句意;criteca和standard均有“标准”之意,但criteria指用来判断、批

评事物的“标准”,这个标准可以是个人所依据的标淮;siandard是事先制定出来的

用来衡量事物的质量、品质等公认的“客观标准”。句意是:“用外在的标准来判

断,许多人将成为,成功人士”这里所说的标准是既定的公认标准,因此,应用

standard。

10、[B10]

A、ventures

B、surpasses

C^attempts

D、risks

标准答案:A

知识点解析:本题考查习惯用法。surpass意为“超过,超越”,是及物动词;

allemp[意为“企图,试图”,后跟不定式或名词、代词;risk意为“冒……的危险”,

后跟动名词或名词;venture意为“冒险”,可作不及物动词,后跟副词或介词。A

满足句子结构的要求。

11、[B11]

A^reaches

B>aims

C、ascends

D^directs

标准答案:B

知识点解析:本题考查上下文推理。reach意为“达到,够到“;aim意为“旨在,

以……为目的”;ascend意为“攀登,上升”;direct意为“指向,以……为对象”。句

子此处指目标高远的人,因此,B符合句意。

12、[B12]

A、short

B、apart

C、behind

D、through

标准答案:A

知识点解析:本题考查上下文推理。fan和四个选项都能构成短语。fallShor【意为

“达不到标准,低于“:fallapart意为“散开,崩溃";fallbehind意为“落在后面。

fallthrough意为“失败”。此处指目标高远的人没能达到自己的目标,因此,A符合

句意。

13、[B13]

A、whose

B、where

C^which

D、that

标准答案:B

知识点解析:本题考查关系副词。空格处的词引导的是定语从句,其先行词表示地

点,所以,引导这个从句的应该是关系副词where。句意是:“在一个成功是由世

俗的奖赏来证明的世界里,这种抱负是没有多少容身之处的。”

14、[B14]

A、otherthan

B、morethan

C^ratherthan

D、lessthan

标准答案:C

知识点解析:本题考查上下文推理。otherthan意为“不同于";morethan意为“超

过“;ratherthan意为“而不是";lessthan意为“不(太),少于“。C符合句意,此处

指:“……成功由世俗的奖赏所证明而不是成就本身。”

15、[B15]

A、with

B、for

C>to

D、of

标准答案:D

知识点解析:本题考查句子结构。空格处及其后面的部分也是一个。f短语,修饰

名词domain,表示所属关系。句意是:“人们逐渐认为这样的抱负属于不可救药的

行为古怪的人,属于那些不谙世事的人……”故D为正确答案。

16、[B16]

A、hunting

B、pursuing

C、seeking

D、following

标准答案:B

知识点解析:本题考查上下文推理。hunt意为“猎取,捕猎”;pursue意为“追赶,

追逐“;seek意为“找寻,寻求“;fol—low意为“跟随”。四个选项中,B最符合句

意。句意是:“然而,在坚持不懈地追求当今流行去]相当脆弱的种种成功的时

候,……”

17、[B17]

A、restricting

B、restraining

C、bounding

D、enclosing

标准答案:A

知识点解析:本题考查近义词辨析。restrict意为“限制,控制",restrict…t。意为

“限制在";restrain意为“限制,抑制“,restrain...from意为“克制...使不”;bound

意为“限制",不与io连用;enclose意为“围在里面,使与世隔绝、不与I。连用。

句意是:”……他们把自己限制在令人窒息的一刈之地。“A符合句意和句子结构,

是正确答案。

18、[BI8]

A、range

extent

C、scope

D^domain

标准答案:A

知识点解析:本题考查近义词辨析。range意为“范围”,尤指各种种类,可供选择

的范围;exlent意为“广度,长度”,指某事物扩展所及的距离,尤指线的距离;

scope指活动、影响等的“范围”,还指掌握的深度或涉及的广度;domain指活动、

思想等的“领域,范围”。本句指人类有着各种可能性,因而用range表示范围c

19、[B19]

A、happen

B、occur

C、come

D、approach

标准答案:B

知识点解析:本题考查近义词辨析。come意为“出现,产生”,可以说:Anidea

comestomymind.(我想至II一个主意。)但不能说:Itcomestomethat…;approach

意为“靠近,接近“,不符合句意;happen和occur均有“发生”的意思,但occur还

表示“(某想法)出现在脑中,被想到”的意思,这正符合句意:“他们有没有想

到……''

20、[B20]

A、when

B、as

C、since

D、because

标准答案:A

知识点解析:本题考查逻辑关系。空格处的词引导的从句相当于条件句,表示

“在……的情况下,所给选项中.只有when符合卜下文的意思0句意是:“他们是

否想到,只有在人们想不出有更崇高的、值得以失败为代价而求之的情况下,才会

去追求成功以安身立命。”

二、阅读(常规阅读理解)(本题共20题,每题7.0

分,共20分。)

MenorcaorMajorca?Itisthattimeoftheyearagain.Thebrochuresarepilingupin

travelagentswhilenewspapersandmagazinesbulgewithadviceaboutwheretogo.But

thetraditionalpackagedholiday,aBritishinnovationthatprovidedman-ytimidnatives

withtheirfirstexperienceofwarmsand,isnotwhatitwas.Indeed,theindustryis

anxiouslyawaitingaHighCourtrulingtofindoutexactlywhatitnowis.Twothings

havechangedthewayBritonsresearchandbooktheirholidays:low-costairlinesandthe

Internet.Insteadofbuyingaready-madepackageconsistingofaflight,hotel,carhire

andassortedentertainmentfromatouroperator'sbrochure,itisnowconvenienttoput

togetheratripusinganonlinetravelagentlikeExpediaorTravelocity,whichlastJuly

boughtLastminLite,comfor£577million,orfromtheproliferatingwebsitesofairlines,

hotelsandcar-rentalfirms.Thishasledsometosoundthedeathknellforhigh-street

travelagentsandtouroperators.Therehavebeenupheavalsandclosures,butthe

traditionalfirmsarestartingtofightback,inpartbymovingmoreoftheirbusiness

online.FirstChoiceHolidays,forinstance,sawitspre-taxprofitriseby16%to£114

millionintheyeartotheendofOctober.Althoughthetotalnumberofholidaysbooked

hasfallen,thecompanyisconcentratingonmorevaluablelong-haulandadventuretrips.

FirstChoicenowsellsmorethanhalfitstripsdirectly,eitherthroughtheInternet,over

thetelephoneorfromitsowntravelshops.Itwantsthattoreach75%withinafewyears.

Othertouroperatorsareshowingsimilarhustle.MyTravelmanagedtocutitslossby

almosthalfin2005.ThomasCookandThomsonHolidays,nowbothGermanowned,are

alsobullishaboutthecomingholidayseason.Highstreettravelagentsarehavinga

toughertime,though,notleastbecausemanyleadingtouroperationshavecutthe

commissionstheypay.Somehigh-streettravelagentsarealsolearningtolivewiththe

Internet,helpingpeoplebookcomplicatedtripswhichtheyhaveresearchedonline,

providingadviceandtackingonotherservices.Thisisseenasagrowtharea.Butifan

agentputstogetherseparateflightsandhotelaccommodation,isthatapackage,too?The

CivilAviationAuthority(CAA)saysitisandtheagentshouldholdanAirTravel

OrganisersLicence,whichprovidesfinancialguaranteestorepatriatepeopleandprovide

refunds.1heschemedatesfromtheearly1970s,whensomelargeBritishtravelfirms

wentbust,strandingcustomersontheCostas.Althoughsuchfailuresarelesscommon

thesedays,theCAAhadtohelpoutsome30,000peoplelastyear.TheAssociationof

BritishTravelAgentswenttotheHighCourtinNovembertoarguesuchbookingsare

nottraditionalpackagesandsodonotrequireagentstoacquirethecostlylicences.While

thecourtdecides,millionsofBritonswillhappilyclickawaybuyingonlineholidays,

unawareofthedifference.

21、Basedonthefirstpaiagraph,whichofthefollowingscouldbethetitleoftext?

A、Anannualholiday.

B、AHighCourtruling.

C、Anewpackage.

D、ABritishinnovation.

标准答案:C

知识点解析:这是一道细节推导题。本题的答案信息来源在第一段的第四句,这句

话是全文的中心主旨句,其大意是“传统的一揽子假日旅游不再是过去的样子了”,

即已经呈现出新的形式,由此可以推断本题的正确答案应该是C选项“Anew

package”(一种新的一揽子假日旅游形式)。考生在阅读时要重视识别原文的中心主

旨句。

22ThetextsuggeststhattheshiftinthemethodofholidaybookinginUKisassociated

with

A、thepopularityofelectronics.

B、thecostlylicences.

C、hotelsandcarrentalfirms.

D、thetraditionalideology.

标准答案:A/

知识点解析:这是一道细节推导题。本题的答案信息来源在第二段的首句,该句的

大意是:“两种事情改变了英国人研究和预定其假日旅游的方式:低廉的机票和互

联网。”从此句可以推断出本题的正确答案是A选项“thepopularityofelectronics”(电

子的普及)。考生在阅读时应注意原文中所涉及的因果关系。

23、Accordingtothetext,whichofthefollowingistrue?

A、Toputtogetheratripusingatraditionaltravelagentisnothardatpresent.

B、losoundthedeathknelltortouroperatorisunacceptableandinhumane.

C、Somehigh-streettravelagentsdefythemodelofsurvivingwiththeInternet.

D^TraditionaltourfirmsgrapplewiththeInternet.

标准答案:D「

知识点解析:这是一道细节推导题。本题的答案信息来源在第三段的第二句,其大

意是:“虽然一直有动荡和倒闭,但是传统旅游公司在通过将更多的业务转移到互

联网上进行抵抗。”从此句可以推断出本题的正确答案应该是D选项“Traditional

tourfirmsgrapplewiththeInternet”(传统的旅游公司利用互联网克服困难)。考生阅

读时要注意发挥识别原文重点句的能力,更要重视根据原文信息进行分析的能力。

24、Theword"hustle"inthetopicsentenceofthefourthparagraphmostprobably

denotes

A、demand.

hostility.

C、sale.

D、prejudice.

标准答案:C

知识点解析:这是一道词汇题。原文第四段第一句中的“hustle”一词的含义是“竭力

地兜售“,所以本题的正确答案是C选项“sale”(出售)。考生在不认识原文中的陌生

词语时可以根据上下文进行推断,第四段首句的“hus—tle”前面的“similar”(类似的)

暗示从上段中可以找到本题的答案。

25Accordingtothefirstandlastparagraphs,whichofthefollowingisstillin

suspense?

A^Alegaldefinition.

B>Acongestioncharge.

C、Financialguarantee.

D、Anadventuretrip.

标准答案:A

知识点解析:这是一道细节归纳题。本题的答案信息在首段尾句和尾段地倒数第

一、二句。首段的尾句大意是“实际上,该行业正在焦急等待着最高法院的裁定以

便能准确获知传统的一揽子假日旅游现在是什么样子”。尾段倒数第一、二句的大

意是“英国旅行代理协会在11月到最高法院上诉,认为这种预定不是传统的一揽子

旅游……。当最高法院还在决定的时候,众多的英国人……”从上面的内容分析,

目前仍然悬而未决的问题是:法院还未给出一个有关传统假日旅游的定义。故本题

的正确答案是A选项“alegaldefinition”(一个法律上的定义)。

TheBushadministrationisgoingtoproposefar-reachingnewruleswhichwouldgive

peoplewithdisabilitiesgreateraccesstotensofthousandsofcourtrooms,swimming

pools,golfcourses,stadiums,theaters,hotelsandretailstores.Theproposalwould

substantiallyupdateandrewritefederalstandardsforenforcementoftheAmericansWith

DisabilitiesAct,whichisalandmarkcivilrightslawpassedwithstrongbipartisansupport

in1990.Thenewruleswouldsetmorestringentrequirementsinalotofareasand

addresssomeissuesforthefirsttime,inanefforttomeettheneedsofanaging

populationandincreasingnumbersofdisabledwarveterans.Morethansevenmillion

businessesandallstateandlocalgovernmentagencieswouldbeinfluenced.The

proposalincludessomeexemptionsforpartsofexistingbuildings,butanynew

constructionorrenovationswouldhavetocomply.Thenewstandardswouldaffect

everythingfromthelocationoflightswitchestotheheightofretailservicecounters,to

theuseofmonkeysas"serviceanimals"forpeoplewithdisabilities,whichwouldbe

forbidden.TheWhiteHouseapprovedtheproposalinMayafterafive-monthreview.It

willbepublishedintheFederalRegisteronTuesday,with60daysforpubliccomment.

Afterconsideringthosecomments,thegovernmentwouldissuefinalruleswiththeforce

oflaw.Already,theproposalisstirringconcern.1heUnitedStatesChamberof

Commercesaysitwouldbeonerousandcostly,whileadvocatesfordisabledAmericans

sayitdoesnotgofarenough.SincethedisabilitylawwassignedbythefirstPresident

Bush,advancesintechnologyhavemadeservicesmoreavailabletopeoplewith

disabilities.ButJusticeDepartmentofficialssaidtheywerestillreceivinglargenumbers

ofcomplaints.Inrecentmonths,thefederalgovernmenthassettledlawsuitssecuring

moreseatsfbrdisabledfansatMadisonSquareGardeninNewYorkandatthenation's

largestcollegefootballstadium,attheUniversityofMichigan.TheJusticeDepartment

acknowledgedthatsomeofthechangeswouldhavesignificantcosts.Butoverall,itsaid,

thevalueofthepublicbenefits,estimatedat¥54billion,exceedstheexpectedcostsof

¥23billion.Inaneconomicanalysisoftheproposedlulcs,theJusticeDepartmentsaid

theneedforanaccessibleenvironmentwasgreaterthaneverbecausetheIraqwarwas

"creatinganewgenerationofyoungmenandwomenv/ithdisabilities."JohnL.

Wodalch,chiefofthedisabilityrightssectionoftheJusticeDepartment,said:"Disability

isinherentinthehumancondition.Thevastmajorityofindividualswhoarefortunate

enoughtoreachanadvancedagewillbenefitfromtheproposedrequirements."

26、WhichofthefollowingsistrueabouttheBushadministration'sproposalofnew

rules?

A、Itismadeonbehalfoftheagingpeopleanddisabledformerarmymen.

ItisarevisededitionoftheAmericansWithDisabilitiesAct.

C、ItisalandmarkcivilrightslawwiththesupportsfrombothParties.

D、Itisthefirstproposalsettingstricterrequirementfbrsomeissues.

标准答案:A:

知识点解析:本题考查对原文相关细节的准确理解。答案信息来源在文章第一段。

第一段的结论句提及"Thenewnileswould...inanefforttomeettheneedsofanaging

populationandincreasingnumbersofdisabledwarveterans''文中inanefforttomeetthe

needsof(为了满足...的需求)对应A项中的onbehalfof(为了....的利益);an

agingpopulation(老龄人口)对应A选项中的theagingpeople(老龄化的人);disabled

warvelerans(残疾老兵)对应A选项中的disabledformerarmymen(残疾退伍军人)。

可以得知选项A为正确答案。

27>Thecurrentpubliccommentsontheproposalare

A、pleasant.

B、impractical.

C、inconsistent.

D、accordant.

标准答案:C

知识点解析:本题考查对原文相关细节的准确理解。答案信息来源在第三段,在

already,…后才是当前(current)的评论。可以看到美国商会认为该提议“费力且代价

不菲。”(onerousandcostly),而倡导者们认为该提议“做得不够充分”(doesnotgofar

enough),这两种评价显然是截然相反的,C选项“不一致的”正确。

28、Thecaseofsecuringmoreseatsfordisabledfansismentionedinparagraph4to

A、illustratetheJusticeDepartmentofficials'heavyburden.

B、provethedisabledfans,enthusiasmforsport-cvcnts.

C、indicatethelowefficiencyofmodemtechnology.

D^exemplifytheinadequacyoftheaccessibleserviceforthedisabled.

标准答案:D

知识点解析:本题考查考生对文章中例子及语境的理解。举例是为了主题,即证明

本段段首所指明的现象“科技进步已经使残疾人享受到更多的服务”(advancesin

technologyhavemadeservicesmoreavailabletopeoplewithdisabilities),(且”还有大量

的投诉”(stillreceivinglaigenumbersofcomplaints)o但是也不能单纯地看待这个现

象,为什么有投诉?这个现象说明“残疾人享受的服务增加了.但是还不够".如此

一来,本段的功能就清晰可见一一总结上一段的问题(不同的评论)并引出下一段的

论征(虽然昂贵,但有价值)。因此,D选项“举例证明残疾人可享受的服务还不够”

这个例子是对本段主旨的正确理解。

29、Wccanlearnfromthelastparagraphthattheproposedruleswould

A、becostlyandimposepressureonthegovernment.

B、beprofitableandbringintereststocitizens.

C>bebeneficialtoboth(heagedandthedisabled.

D、beacompensatetothoseIraqwarvictims.

标准答案:C

知识点解析:本题考查对原文相关细节的准确理解。答案信息来源在第五段,主要

检索对该提议的评价。一方面iheJusticeDepartmen指出伊拉克战争带来“年轻残疾

人“,从而需要残疾人服务;另一方面,JohnL.Wodatch指出“人总会肢体不灵便

的,人到了一定年纪就会受益于该提议“。故C选项为正确答案。

30、WhichofthefollowingscouldbethetitleoftheText?

A^ExpensiveChangesProposedbyBush

B、PlanSeeksMoreAccessforDisabled

C、TheRevisionoftheAmericansWithDisabilitiesAct

D、CommentsontheGovernmentalProposal

标准答案:B

知识点解析:本题考查对•文章主旨和框架的理解。文章在首段提出布什政府提议建

立助残新标准。为残障人士提供更广泛的服务;第二段说明该提案影响范围广,要

求社会各界为残障人士考虑;第三段指出在该提案的评议过程中人们看法不一,倡

导者们认为如此做还不够;第四段通过残疾人的投诉证明他们享受的服务确实不

够:第五段从经济及人口的角度肯定了该提案的价值。全文一直围绕该提议展开,

而B选项中的Plan正是提议(proposal)的同义替换,旦内容与该提议内容相符,包

括了“残障人士”、“更多服务”的概念,是全文中心议题的提炼和概括,是正确选

项。

Artificialheartshavelongbeenthestuffofsciencefiction.In"Robocop",snazzycardiac

devicesaremadebyYamahaandJensen,andin"StarTrek",Jean-LucPicard,captainof

theEnterprise,hasoneimplantedintheyear2328.Inthepresentday,however,their

historyhasbeenmorechequered.Thefirstseriousattempttobuildonehappenedinihe

1980s,whenJarvik-7,madebyRobertJarvik,asurgeonattheUniversityofUtah,

capturedtheworld'sattention.ButJarvik-7wasacomplicatedaflairthatneededtobe

connectedviatubestomachinesoutsidethebody.Thepatientcouldnotgohome,nor

eventurnaroundinbed.Scientistshavetriedmanyotherdesigns,butallwereseenas

temporaryexpedientsintendedtotideapatientoveruntiltherealthingbecameavailable

fromahumandonor.Thatmaybeabouttochange.Thisweek,America'sFoodandDrug

AdministrationgaveitsapprovaltoanewtypeofartificialheartmadebyAbiomcd,a

firmbasednearBoston.Theagencygranteda"humanitariandeviceexemption",a

restrictedformofapprovalthatwillallowdoctorstoimplantthenewdeviceinpeople

whoseheartsareabouttofailbutwhocannot,forreasonssuchasintoleranceofthe

immunosuppressivedrugsneededtostoprejection,receiveatransplant.Suchpeople

havealifeexpectancyoflessthanamonth,butadozensimilarlyhopelesspatients

implantedwithAbiomed'sheartsurvivedforaboutfivemonths.UnlikeDr.Jarvik's

device,thisnewfangledbundleoftitaniumandpolyure-thaneaimstosetthepatientfree.

Anelectricmotorwhichrevolvesupto10,000timesaminutepushesanincompressible

fluidaroundtheAbiomedheart,andthatfluid,inturn,pushestheblood——firsttothe

lungstobeoxygenated,andthena-roundthebody.Powerissuppliedbyanelectric

currentgeneratedinapackoutsidethebody.Thisinducescurrentinthemotorinsidethe

heart.Alldiagnosticsaredoneremotely,usingradiosignals.Therearenotubesorwires

comingoutofthepatient.Thechargerisusuallypluggedintothemains,butifarmed

withaballcryilcanbucarriedaroundforhoursinavesturbackpack,thusallowingthe

patienttoroamfreely.Moststrikingly,thedevice'sinternalbatterycanlasthalfanhour

beforeitneedsrecharging.Thatallowssomeonetimetotakeashowerorevengofora

quickswimwithouthavingtowearthecharger.Abiomed'schairman,MichaelMinogue,

doesnotclaimthathisfirm'sproductwilldisplacehumantransplants.Evenso,thefirm

hasbigambitions.Itisalreadydevelopinganewversionthatwillbe30%

smaller(meaningmorewomencanuseit)andwilllastforfiveyears.Thatshouldbeready

by2008—320yearsearlierthanthewritersof"StarTrek"predicted.

31、"StarTrek"ismentionedinthetextinorderto

A>depictthelonghistoryofartificialheartsinsciencefiction.

B、enumerateartificialheartsofallsortsonsale.

C、providebackgroundforthediscussionofartificialhearts.

D、emphasizethegreateffortsmadebyYamahaandJenseninthedevelopmentof

artificialhearts.

标准答案:C

知识点解析:这是一道中心主旨类题目。本文的中心主旨段(即为中心主旨句所在

段落)是原文的第二段。原文的第一段是为第二段的到来进行的铺垫。故本题的正

确选项应该是C(为对人造心脏的讨论提供背景)。要注意:阅读中的例子是为作者

观点服务的,而不是单纯为了交代例子中的事情,段落中的例子一般是为了说明段

落主旨,而文章开头的例子一般是为了引出或者论证全文主旨。因此,考生在阅读

时要注意揣摩全文主旨和作者意图,找好主旨句和主旨段。

32、Itcanbeconcludedfromthesecondparagraphthat

A^theregulatoryapprovalislimitedwithrespecttothescopeofapplication.

R、thelifeexpectancywillnotheimprovedcomparedwiththatindicatedbythecurrent

record.

C、America'sFoodandDrugAdministrationgaveitsapprovaltoanewtypeofartificial

heart.

D、Doctorswillimplantthenewdeviceinpatientswhoseheartsareabouttofail.

标准答案:A

知识点解析:这是一道细节分析题。本题的答案信息来源在第二段的第二、三句,

尤其是第三句中的“arestrictedformofapproval”(一种局限性的准许形式),暗示“相

关准许是在一定范围内的准许,是一种受到某种限制的准许,并非绝对的准许”。

由此可以推断本题的答案应该是选项Ao考生在阅读时要对原文中的修饰限定性词

语认真对待和理解。

33、ComparedwithJarvik'sheart,Abiomed'sisadvancedinthat

A、theformerdocsnotneedconnectingtubesoutsidethebodyofapatient.

B、thelatterneedstubesorwirescomingoutofpatients.

C^theformerallowspatientstogohomeandeventurnaroundinbed.

D、thelattersetspatientsfreeduetothefactthattherearcnotubesorwirescomingout

ofthepatients.

标准答案:D

知识点解析;这是一道细节题。本题的答案信息来源在第三段的首句,其大意是;

“与Jarvik博士的装置不同,这种有二氧化钛和聚氨酯制成的维管束旨在使病人自

由。”本句中的“this”指代的是第二段尾句中的“Abiomed'sheart”。由此可以推断出

本题的正确选项应该是D。考生在阅读时要注意原文中的对立对比关系以及指代词

的功能和作用。

34、Accordingtothetext,thecurrentresearchconcentrateson

A^thecharger.

B、durationofthedevice.

C、theinternalbattery.

D、humantransplants.

标准答案:B

知识点解析:这是一道细节分析题。本题的答案信息在原文尾段的第三句,该句谓

语动词使用现在进行时态,表示“日前,现在“正在进行的动作和行为。尾段第三句

的大意是:“MichaelMinogue所在的公司目前正在开发一种新式样的心脏装置,该

装置将比目前的心脏装置小百分之三十,并且能够持续使用5年。”由此可见本题

的正确选项是Bo考生在阅读时要注意原文中所使用的时态和语态。

35、Thebesttitleofthetextcouldbe

A、TheStuffofScienceFiction.

TheHistoryofArtificialHearts.

C、TheChangeofHumanDonor.

D、APromisingNewArtificialHeart.

标准答案:D:

知火点解析:这是一道中心主旨题。本题的答案信息来源在原文笫二段的笫一、二

句,其大意是:“这也许就要改变了。本周,美国食品卫生管理局批准一种新型的

人造心脏,该心脏由设在波士顿附近的一家名为Abiomed的公司生产制造。”原文

第二段是全文的中心主旨段,第二段的第一、二句是全文的中心主旨句。由这两句

话来推断本文的正确选预是Do考生在阅读时要注意首先识别中心主旨段和中心主

旨句。

Recentyearshavebroughtminority-ownedbusinessesintheUnitedStatesnotonly

unprecedentedopportunitiesbutalsonewandsignificantrisks.Civilrightactivistshave

longarguedthatoneoftheprimaryreasonswhyBlacks,Hispanicsandotherminority

groupshavedifficultyestablishingthemselvesinbusinessisthattheylackofaccessto

thesizableordersandsubcontractsthataregeneratedbylargecompanies.NowCongress,

inapparentagreement,hasrequiredbylawthatbusinessesawardedfederalcontractsof

morethan$500,000dotheirbesttofindminoritysubcontractorsandrecordtheirefforts

todosoonformsfiledwiththegovernment.Actually,somefederalandlocalagencies

havegonesofarastosetspecificpercentagegoalsforapportioningpartsofpublicworks

contractstominorityenterprises.Corporateresponseappearstohavebeensubstantial.

Accordingtofigurescollectedin1977,theoverallnumberofcorporatecontractswith

minoritybusinessesrosefrom$77millionin1972to1.1billionin1977.Theprojected

totalofcorporatecontractswithminoritybusinessesfortheearly1980'sisestimatedto

beover$3billionperyearwithnoletupanlicipaledinthenextdecade.Promisingasitis

forminoritybusinesses,thisincreasedpatronageposesdangersforthem,too.First,

minorityfirmsriskexpandingtoofastandoverextendingthemselvesfinancially,since

mostarcsmallconcernsand,unlikelargebusinesses,theyoftenneedtomakesubstantial

investmentinnewplants,staff,equipmentandsooninordertoperformwork

subcontractedtothem.If,thereafter,theirsubcontractsareforsomereasonreduced,such

firmscanfacepotentiallycripplingfixedexpenses.Theworldofcorporatepurchasing

canbefrustratingforsmallentrepreneurswhogetrequestsforelaborateformalestimates

andbids.Bothconsumevaluabletimeandresources,andasmallcompany'seffortsmust

soonresultinorders,orboththemoraleandthefinancialhealthofthebusinesswill

suffer.AsecondriskisthatWhite-ownedcompaniesmayseektocashinonthe

increasingapportionmentthroughformationofjointventureswithminority-owned

firms.Ofcourse,inmanyinstancestherearelegitimatereasonsforjointventures:

apparently,Whiteandminorityenterprisescanteamuptoacquirebusinessthatneither

couldacquirealone.Butcivilrightgroupsandminoritybusinessownershave

complainedtoCongressaboutminoritiesbeingsetupas"fronts"withWhitebacking,

ratherthanbeingacceptedasfullpartnersinlegitimatejointventures.Third,aminority

enteq?risethatsecuresthebusinessofonelargecorporatecustomeroftenrunsthedanger

ofbecomingandremainingdependent.Eveninthebestofcircumstances,fierce

competitionfromlarger,moreestablishedcompaniesmakesitdifficultforsmall

concernstobroadentheircustomerbases:whensuchfirmshavenearlyguaranteedorders

fromasinglecorporatebenefactor,theymaytrulyhavetostruggleagainstcomplacency

arisingfromtheircurrentsuccess.

36、Theprinciplepurposeofthetextisto

A、presentacommonplaceideaanditsinaccuracies.

B、describeasituationanditspotentialdisadvantages.

C、proposeatemporarysolutiontoaproblem.

D、analyzeafrequentsourceofdisagreement.

标准答案:B

知识点解析:这是一道全文主旨题。第一段阐述了“最近几年来,美国少数民族企

业在遇到了前所未有的受好机会的同时,也面临着新的巨大的危险“现在国会已

经同意通过法律要求被奖励了价值50万美元以上的联邦合同企业要尽力找少数民

族分包者,并将有关情况报告给政府登记备案”。第三段起始句写道:“尽管资助的

增加给少数民族企业带来了很大的希望,这样做同时也给他们带来了风险。''然

后,文章从三个方面具体说明了这种风险。故正确选项应该是B,作者描述了一种

情况.并且分析了它的不足之处。

37、Accordingtothetext,civilrightsactivistsarguethatonedisadvantageunderwhich

minority-ownedbusinesseshavetraditionallyhadtolaboristhattheyhave

A、beenespeciallyvulnerabletogovernmentmismanagementoftheeconomy.

B、beendeniedbankloansatratescomparabletothoseaffordedlargercompetitors.

C>nothadsufficientopportunitytosecurebusinesscreatedbylargecorporations.

D、notbeenabletoadvertiseinthosemediathatreachlargenumbersofpotential

customers.

标准答案:C

知识点解析:这是一道细节理解题。本题答案信息来源在第一段第二句,大意是:

长期以来,公民权利激进分子一直声辩说,黑人、西班牙裔美国人和其他少数民族

团体很难在商业上立足,其主要原因是它们很少得到大公司的大额订单和分包合

同。可见,选项C正确。

38、Thetextsuggeststhatthefailureofalargebusinesstohaveitsbidsforsubcontracts

resultquicklyinordersmightcauseitto

A^experiencefrustrationbutnotseriousfinancialharm.

BNhavetorecorditseffortsonformsfiledwiththegovernment.

C、increaseitsspendingwithminoritysubcontractors.

D、reviseitsprocedureformakingbidsforfederalcontractsandsubcontracts.

标准答案:A」

知识点解析:这是一道推理判断题。本题答案信息来

温馨提示

  • 1. 本站所有资源如无特殊说明,都需要本地电脑安装OFFICE2007和PDF阅读器。图纸软件为CAD,CAXA,PROE,UG,SolidWorks等.压缩文件请下载最新的WinRAR软件解压。
  • 2. 本站的文档不包含任何第三方提供的附件图纸等,如果需要附件,请联系上传者。文件的所有权益归上传用户所有。
  • 3. 本站RAR压缩包中若带图纸,网页内容里面会有图纸预览,若没有图纸预览就没有图纸。
  • 4. 未经权益所有人同意不得将文件中的内容挪作商业或盈利用途。
  • 5. 人人文库网仅提供信息存储空间,仅对用户上传内容的表现方式做保护处理,对用户上传分享的文档内容本身不做任何修改或编辑,并不能对任何下载内容负责。
  • 6. 下载文件中如有侵权或不适当内容,请与我们联系,我们立即纠正。
  • 7. 本站不保证下载资源的准确性、安全性和完整性, 同时也不承担用户因使用这些下载资源对自己和他人造成任何形式的伤害或损失。

评论

0/150

提交评论