考研英语（二）模拟试卷16

考研英语（二）模拟试卷16

一、完型填空（本题共20题，每题1.0分，共20分。）

Sowhatisdepression?Depressionisoftenmoreaboutangerturned[Cl)thanit

isaboutsadness.Butit'susually[C2]assadness.Depressioncan[C3]

atallages,fromchildhoodtooldage,andit'stheUnitedStates'No.[C4]

problem.Whensomeoneisdepressed,herbehavior[C5]changeandshe

losesinterestinactivitiesshe[C6]enjoyed(likesports,music,friendships).The

sadnessusuallylastseverydayformostofthedayandfortwoweeksormore.What

[C7]depression?A[C8]eventcancertainlybring[C9]

depression,butsomewillsayithappens[CIO]aspecificcause.Sohow

doyouknowifyou'rejusthavingabadday[Cl1]arereallydepressed?

Depressionaffectsyour[C12],moods,behaviorandevenyourphysicalhealth.

Thesechangesoftengo[C13]orarelabeled[C14]simplyabadcase

oftheblues.Someonewho'struly[C15]depressionwillhave[C16]

periodsofcryingspells,feelingsof【Cl7】(likenotbeingabletochange

yoursituation)and[C18](likeyou'llfeelthiswayforever),irritationor

agitation.Adepressedpersonoften[C19]fromothers.Depressionseldomgoes

awaybyitself,andthegreatest[C20]ofdepressionissuicide.Theriskof

suicideincreasesifthedepressionisn'ttreated.

1、[Cl]

A、on

B、down

C、inward

D、up

标准答案：C

知识点解析：选项C“inward”(在内心)与其前面的“turned”一词结合在一起构成一个

过去分词短语(即：turnedinward),在句中作定语，用来限定修饰其前面的名词

“anger”。本文第一段讨论"抑郁症”(depression)的定义,“inward”(在内心)一词恰当

准确地表达了“抑郁症”之特点。考生在解题时要注意主旨思想对确定选项的指导意

义。

2、[C2]

A、depicted

reported

C、prohibited

D、expressed

标准答案：D

知识点解析：选项Depressed”（表现）与其前后部分构成一个完整的“主谓”结构，

其大意是：“但是抑郁症通常表现为悲伤该句中的“悲伤”（sadness）暗示本题选项

应该是“expressed”（表现），因为“悲伤”是抑郁症的一种外在“表现”形式。考生在解

题时要注意一句话中前后语言成分之间的逻辑关系。

3、[C3]

A^happen

B、convey

C、fade

D^deter沁rate

标准答案：A

知识点解析：选项A“h叩pen”与其前后部分构成一个“主谓”结构，其主语是“抑郁

症”，其状语是“从儿童时期到老年时期的不同年龄段“。这些语言成分，尤其是状

语暗示“抑郁症”存在和发生的范围，故选项A"happcn”（发生）是最佳选项。考生在

解题时要深入理解句子中各种语言成分的语意功能。

4、[C4]

A^social

B、academic

C、literary

D^health

标准答案：D

知识点解析:选项D"health”（健康）作为限定性词语修饰其事的名词“problem”（问

题）。选项D"health”（健康）来修饰名词“problem”（问题）的原因在于：本文主要讲述

抑郁症（depression）,这是一个“健康''问题。考生在解题时要注意文章中心论题在解

题时的主导作用。

5、[C5]

A^patterns

B、links

C、intuition

D、conscientiousness

标准答案：A

知识点解析：选项A"pattems”（模式）与其前面的名词“behavior”（行为）一词结合在一

起构成了一个固定的袤达术语，即“behaviorpatterns”（行为模式）。考生在解题时要

注意某些常用固定术语的识别与运用。

6、[C6]

A^mostly

B、once

C、fairly

D^desperately

标准答案：B

知识点解析：选项B“once工从前，曾经）与其前后部分结合在一起构成一个完整的

定语从句，即“sheonceenjoyed"（她从前喜欢的），用来限定修饰其前面的名词

“activities”（活动）。该句的主句所使用的是一般现在时，定语从句使用的是一般过

去时，这一点已经暗示出了本题的正确选项B“once”（从前，曾经）。考生在解题时

要注意原文中时态和语态等语法现象所给出的暗示。

7、[C7]

A、cures

B、checks

C、triggers

D、logs

标准答案：C

知识点解析：选项Chiggers”（引发）所在的是第三段首句.即第三段的主题句。本

句后面的一句（即第三段第二句）谈论“…event…bring…depression%事情产

生或导致……抑郁症）。根据第三段第二句的大意可推断第三段第一句应该提出“什

么事情引发或导致抑郁症”这一问题。考生在解题时要注意段落主题句与段落其他

句子之间的语意关系。

8、[C8]

A^solemn

B、sarcastic

C^slender

D^stressful

标准答案：D

知识点解析：选项D“slressful”（有压力的）一词用来修饰其后面的名词“evenl”（事

情），这两个词结合起来作主语。根据本句的谓语和宾语的大意，即”……能够肯定

产生抑郁症”，可以推断“产生抑郁症”的一定是一种“有压力的”事情。考生在解题

时要注意利用原文中的主谓宾关系进行合理推导。

9、[C9]

A^on

B、around

C、up

D^under

标准答案：A

知识点解析：选项A“on”与其前面的“bring”一词结合在一起构成一个固定的表达方

法“bringon”（产生，导致）。考生在解题时要注意语言中一些常用固定方法的正确使

用。

10、[C10]

为最佳选项。考生在解题时要注意并列平行结构，还要注意并列平行结构本身的语

意关系。

14、[C14]

A、by

B、as

C、in

D、for

标准答案：B

知识点解析：选项B's”在本句中与其前面的成分结合在一起构成一个固定的表达

形式“belabeledas…”（把……称为；把……列为，把……归类为）。考生在解题时要

注意一些常用固定形式的识别和理解。

15、[C15]

A、battling

B、substituting

C、reproaching

D、menacing

标准答案：A

知识点解析：选项A“battling”（与……斗争或搏斗）与其前后的成分结合在一起构成

一个定语从句，即“who'trulybattlingdepression”（与抑郁症真正抗争的人）。之所以

选项A“batUing”是由于本句主句“主谓宾”结构所表达的内容（即：那些……的人会

有长期的阵哭，感到无助和无望……）。这些人一定是患「抑郁症并正在与抑郁症

抗争的人们。考生在解题时要注意句子中其他成分的暗示功能与作用。

16、[C16]

A、justified

B、extended

C、identified

D、matched

标准答案：B

知识点解析：选项B“exlended”（长的；延长的）在本句中形容词的作用是用来限定

和修饰其后的名词“periods'、（期间，一段时间）。众所周知：修饰限定“时间”概念的

词语一般是表达“长或短”含义的词。考生在解题时要注意词汇之间的合理修饰关

系。

17、[C17]

A、selfishness

B、helplessness

C、strategy

D、emotion

标准答案：B

知识点解析：选项'helplessness”（无助，无能）在原文中借助丁…and”一词与其前后

的"extendedperiodsofcryingspells"和"hopelessness”结合在一起构成名词的并列平

行关系。第17题空白处后面括号中的词语含义（即："无法改变自己的状况”）暗示

了本题的正确选项B“he1p1essness”（无助，无能）。考生在解题时要注意原文中的一

些解释说明词语所提供的解题思路。

18、[C18]

A、vibration

B、vicinity

C、reservation

D^hopelessness

标准答案：D

知识点解析：选项D“hopelessness”（无望）在原文中借助于“and”一词与其前面的

“extendedperiodsofcryingspells"和“feelingsofhelplessness”结合在一起构成了一个

名词的并列平行结构。第18题空白处后面括号中的成分，BP"youmfeelthisway

forever''（你觉得永远会这样下去），明确暗示本题的正确选项D“hopelessness”（无

望）。考生在解题时要注意原文中的解释说明词语所提供的暗示。

19、[C19]

A、withdraws

Boverwhelms

C、invades

D、exploits

标准答案：A

知识点解析：选项A“withdraws”（退缩，离开）与其前后的成分结合在一起构成一个

完整的“主谓宾”结构，其含义是：“抑郁的人通常独处从19题空白处后面的

“fromolhers”可以判断本句谈论抑郁的人与他人之间相处之道。众所周知，抑郁的

人是远离群体的人，故本题的正确选项应该为A“withdraw”（离开，退缩）。

20、[C20]

A、fabric

B、patent

C、danger

D、passion

标准答案：C

知识点解析：选项C“dange「"（危险）一词与其前后成分结合起来构成一个完整的“主

系表”结构，其含义是：“抑郁症最大的危险是自杀。”本题的正确选项

C“danger”（危险）是通过全文最后一句中的“Theriskofsuicide”（自杀的危险）推导出来

的。考生在解题时要注意上下句之间的语意联系。

二、阅读(常规阅读理解)(本题共20题，每题

分,共20分。)

Asia'srealboat-rockerisagrowingChina,notJapan,aseniorAmericaneconomist

observed.Thereissomuchnoisesurroundingandemanatingfromtheworld'smiracle

economythati(isbecomingcacophonous.InWashington,D.C.,thelatestideais(ha(

Chinaisbecomingtoosuccessful,perhapsevendangerouslyso:whileCapitolHill

resoundswithcomplaintsoftradesurplusesandcurrencymanipulation,(hePentagonand

sundrythink-tanksechotoanewdrumbeatofanalystsworryingaboutChinas12.6%

annualriseinmilitaryspendingandaboutwhetheritmightsconhavetheabilitytotake

preemptivemilitaryactiontoforceTaiwantorejoinit.Soitmaybenocoincidencethat

forthreeconsecutiveweekendsthestreetsofbigChinesecitieshavebeenfilledwiththe

soundsofdemonstratorsmarchingandrocksbeingthrown,ailseekingtosendadifferent

message:thatJapanistheprobleminAsia,notChina,becauseofitswantonfailureto

faceuptoitshistory;andthatbycosyinguptoJapaninsecuritymatters,Americais

allyingwithAsia'spariah.Deafnessisnottheonlyriskfromallthisnoise.Thepressure

towardsprotectionisminWashingtonisstrong,andcouldputinfurtherdangernotonly

tradewithChinabutalsothewiderclimatefortradeliberalisationintheDoharoundof

(heWorldTradeOrganisation(WTO).Sofarwordshavebeenthemainweaponsused

betweenChinaandJapan,bui(hereisachancethatnationalismineitherorboth

countriescouldleadthegovernments(ostrikeconfrontationalposesovertheirterritorial

disputesiniheseas(hatdividethem,eveninvolvingtheirnavies.Andthemorethat

nationalistpositionsbecomeentrenchedinbothcountriesbutespeciallyChina,themore

thatstreetprotestscouldbecomestirredup,perhapstowardsmoreviolence.Allthese

issuesarecomplexonesand,asisoftenthecaseintradeandinhistoricaldisputes,

findingsolutionsislikelytobefarfromsimple.Arevaluationoftheyuan,asdemanded

inCongress,wouldnotrebalancetradebetweenAmericaandChina,thoughitmighthelp

alittle,induecourse.A"sincere"apologybyJapanforitswartimeatrocitiesmightalso

helpalittle,butitwouldnotsuddenlyturnAsia'snaturalgreat-powerrivalsintobosom

buddies.Forbehindallthenoiseliesonebigfact:thatitistheriseofChina,not(he

statusorconductofJapan,thatposesAsia'sthorniestquestions.

21、The"theworld'smiracleeconomy',inthebeginningofthesecondparagraphrefers

to

A^Asia'srealboat-rocker.

B、China'seconomicsuccess.

C、Japan'seconomicsuccess.

D、bothChinaandJapan?seconomicsuccess.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：推理题。文章一开始就谈到，亚洲真正掌舵的是中国，而不是日本；

第二段第二句也提到“…中国正变得太成功”，由此可推知第二段开头的”世界的奇

迹经济”指的就是中国的经济成功，所以答案选项正确。”亚洲真正的掌鸵者"，"□

本的经济成功“和“中国和日本的经济成功”都不是文章所要表达的内容。

22Whatdoestheword"think-tanks"(Paragraph2)mean?

A^Tanks（hatcanthinkashumanbeings.

B、Aninstituteorgroupprovidingsolutionsforsomeproblems.

C、Agroupofauthoritativepeople.

D、Scholarsandprofessionalmen.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：语义题。根据文中的（hePentagonandsundryihink-lanks可知（hink-

tanks与thePentagon"五角大楼，美国国防部"为并列关系，是某类组织机构，由此

可推知”为一些问题提供解决办法的机构或组织（即智囊团）”符合文意。”能够象人一

样思考的坦克“，"一群权威人士”和“学者和专业人士”都不符合文章的意思。

23、WhatisthereasonforthedemonstrationsinthestreetsofbigChinesecities?

A、ChinatakesmilitaryactiontoforceTaiwantorejoinit.

B、JapanistheprobleminAsia,notChina.

C、Japanisunwillingtofaceuptoitshistory.

D^AmericaisallyingwithAsia'spariah.

标准答案：

知识,解析C：细节题。文章第二段最后一句中提到”…日本是亚洲的问题，而不是

中国，因为其不道德而无法面对其历史：通过在安全事务上同日本表示友善，美国

与亚洲的贱民结盟”，由此可知中国大城市中的游行原因是“日本不愿正视其历史

二”中国采取军事行动强迫台湾重新加入其中“，”口本是亚洲的问题，而不是中国

”和“美国与亚洲的贱民结盟”都不是文中提及的原因。

24、HowwilltheterritorialdisputesbetweenChinaandJapanbesettledaccordingtothe

author?

A^Bywordsandnegotiations.

B、Bytheirnavies.

C、Bymoreviolence.

D、Unclear.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：细节题。文章第三段第三句提到”迄今为止，言语是中日之间使用的

最主要的武器，但是两国之一或两国的民族主义可能有机会引导政府打击其面临的

对将其分割开来的海洋领土争端所作的姿态，甚至动用其海军”，但是就中日将怎

样解决其领土争端，作者并没有给出一个明确的说明，所以“不明确”符合文意。”

通过言语和谈判“，”通过其海军“和“严通过更多的武力”都不是作者提及的内容。

25、Whatis（hemaincauseoftheissuesinAsiaaccordingto（heauthor?

A、Tradeandhistoricaldisputes.

B、Theappreciationoftheyuan.

C、Japan'srefusalofapologyfbritswartimeatrocities.

D^TheriseofChina.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：推理题。文章最后一句提到”因为在所有这些嘈杂之后存在着一个巨

大的事实：是中国的崛起而不是日本的地位和行为造成了亚洲棘手的问题”，由此

可推知作者认为“中国的崛起”是亚洲问题的主要原因。”贸易和历史争端“，”人民

币的升值”和“日本拒绝为其战时暴行道歉”都不是文中提及的主要原因。

Credibilityaboutmessagesishigh,becausetheyarereportedinindependentmedia.A

newspaperreviewofamoviehasmorebelievabilitythananadinthesamepaper,

becausethereaderassociatesindependencewithobjectivity.Similarly,peoplearemore

likelytopayattentiontonewsreportsthanads.Readersspendtimereadingthestories,

buttheyflipthroughtheads.Furthermore,theremaybe10commercialsduringahalf­

hourtelevisionprogramorhundredsofadsinamagazine.Featurestoriesarcmuchfewer

innumberandstandoutclearly.Publicityalsohassomesignificantlimitations.Afirm

haslittlecontrolovermessages,theirtiming,theirplacement,ortheircoveragebya

givenmedium.Itmayissuedetailednewsreleasesandfindonlyportionscitedbythe

media;andmediahavetheabilitytobemuchmorecriticalthanacompanywouldlike.

Forexample,in1982,Proctrer&Gamblefacedasubstantialpublicityproblemoverthe

meaningofits123-year-oldcompanylogo.Afewministersandotherprivatecitizens

believedthatthesymbolwassacrilegious.Thesebeliefswerecoveredextensivelybythe

mediaandresultedinthefirmreceiving15,000phonecallsabouttherumorinJune

alone.Tocombatthisnegativepublicity,thefirmissuednewsreleasesfeaturing

prominentclergythatrefutedtherumors,threatenedtosuethosepeoplespreadingthe

stories,andhadaspokespersonappearonGoodMorningAmerica.Themedia

uoupcialcdwillithecompanyandthefalserumorweretemporalilypullurest.However,

in1985,negativepublicitybecamesodisruptivethatProcter&Gambledecidedto

removethelogofromitsproducts.Afirmmaywantpublicityduringcertainperiods,

suchaswhenanewproductisintroducedornewstoreopened,butthemediamaynot

covertheintroductionoropeninguntilafterthetimeitwouldaidthefirm.Similarly,

mediadeterminetheplacementofastory;itmayfollowareportoncrimeorsports.

Finally,themediaascertainwhethertocoverastoryatallandtheamountofcoverageto

bedevotedtoit.Acompany-sponsoredjobsprogrammightgounreportedorreceive

three-sentencecoverageinalocalnewspaper.

26TheauthormentionsallofthefollowingadvantagesofpublicityEXCEPT.

A、havingattentiveness

B、havingnotimecosts

C、havinghighcredibility

D^havinghighprofitability

标准答案：D

知识点解析：D选项说公众宣传的好处有高回报率，但是全文自始至终没有提及这

方面的内容，故符合题意。

27、Peoplearemorelikelytobelieveinnewsreportsthanadsbecause.

A、theyreachalargeraudiencethanadsdo

B、theyaremoreobjective

C、theyappearinindependentmedia

D^theyaremuchmoreinnumberandstandoutclearly

标准答案：C

知识点解析：文章第二段的主题是关于公众宣传的一个优势——可靠性，并分析其

原因---在独立媒体上的报道。第二段第一句提到："Credibilityaboutmessagesis

high,becausetheyarerepottedinindependentmedia"，第二段中的两个because从句

表明人们更相信独立的媒体报道，因为读者把独立性与客观性联系在一起。故正确

答案为C选项。

28TheexampleinParagraph3isintendedtodemonstrate.

A、thepowerofpublicity

B、thevictimofpublicity

C、theterribleeffectofrumors

D、thevulnerabilityofpeopletopublicity

标准答案：A'

知识点解析：第三段作者提出了公众宣传的限制，公司很难控制媒体对其的报道，

并以宝洁公司为例，意在说明舆论宣传的威力，故A选项正确。

29、Oneofthereasonswhyfeaturestoriesseemmorereliablethanadsisthat.

A、theyaremorebelievable

B、theyaremoreobjective

C、readersliketospendtimereadingstories

D、theyaremuchfewerinnumberandstandou(clearly

标准答案：D

知识点解析：文章第二段讨论r舆论宣传的可靠度。第三段第一句作者指出।大।为特

写故事数量少，从而在众多的广告中更加醒目(Furlhermorre,Iheremaybe1。

commercialsduringahalf-hourtelevisionprogramorhundredsofadsina

magazine.Featurestoriesaremuchfewerinnumberandstandoutclearly),故正确答

案为D选项。

3。、Thepassageimpliesthat.

A、(heplacementofastoryisnotquiteimportant

B、thereportofacrimemaynotbetrue

C、localnewspapersarenotinterestedincompany-sponsoredprograms

D、publicityisnotalwaysnecessary

标准答案：D

知识点解析：本题是推断题。要求考生根据文章所提供的信息做出合理的推断。文

章最后一段的主题句Afirmmaywantpublicityduringceriainperiods...表明一家公司

有些时候需要舆论宣传，言下之意有时并不需要这样的选择。故正确答案为D选

项。

Everyyear100millionholiday-makersaredrawntotheMediterranean.Withonethirdof

(heworld'stouristtrade,itisthemostpopularofalltheholidaydestinations:itisalsothe

mostpolluted.Ilhasonly1percentofiheworld'sseasurface,buicarriesmorethanhalf

(heoiland(arfloatingon(hewaters.Thousandsoffactoriespourtheirpoisonintothe

Mediierranean,andalmosteverycity,townandvillageonthecoastsluicesitssewage,

untreated,intothesea.TheresultisthattheMediterranean,whichnurturedsomany

civilizations,isgravelyill-thcfirstoftheseastofallvictimtotheabilitiesandattitudes

thatevolvedaroundit.Andthepopulationdocsnotmerelystiflethelifeofthesca-it

threatensthepeoplewhoinhabitandvisititsshores.Typhoid,paratyphoid,dysentery,

polio,viralhepatitisandfoodpoisoningarcendemicinthearea,andtherearcperiodic

outbreaksofcholera.Themournfullitanyofdiseaseiscausedbysewage.Eight-five

percentofthewastefromtheMediterranean's120coastalcitiesispushedoutintothe

waterswheretheirpeopleandvisitorsbatheandfish.Whatismore,mostcitiesjustdrop

itinstraightoffthebeach;rareindeedare(heplaceslikeCannesandTelAvivwhich

pipeitevenhalfamileoffshore.Lessthan100,000ofGreece'sfourmillioncoastal

peoplehavetheirsewageproperlytreatedandGreece,isoneofthecleanercountriesof

(henorthernshore.TheworstpartsoftheseaareIsraeli/Lebanoncoastandbetween

BarcelonaandGenoa,whichflushesoutover200tonsofsewageeachyearforevery

mileofitslength.Notsurprisingly,vastareasoftheshallowsareawashwithbacteriaand

itdoesn'ttakelongforthesetoreachpeople.ProfessorWilliamBrumfitoftheRoyal

FreeHospitaloncecalculatedthatanyonewhogoesforaswimintheMediterraneanhas

aoneinsevenchanceofgettingsomesortofdisease.Otherscientistssaythisisan

overestimate;butalmostallofthemagreethatbathersarcatrisk.Anevengreaterdanger

lurksintheseductiveseafooddishesthataddsomuchinteresttoholidaymenu.Shellfish

areprimecarriersofmanyofthemostviciousdiseasesofthearea.Theyoftengrowamid

pollution.Andeveniftheydon'ttheyarefrequentlyinfectedbythepopularpracticeof

"fresheningthemup"throwingfilthywaterovertheminmarkets.Industryaddsitsown

poisons.Factoriesclusterroundthecoastline,andeventhemostmodernrarelyhas

properwaste-treatmentplant.Theydoasmuchdamage(o(heseaassewage.Fifteen

thousandfactoriesfoultheItalianLihurianRiviera.SixtythousandpollutetheTyrrhenian

SeabetweenSardinia,SicilyandthewestItaliancoast!ThelagoonofVenicealone

receivestheeffluentsof76factories.Thousandsoftonsofpesticidesareblownoffthe

fieldsintothesea,detergentsfrommillionsofsinkskillfish,andfertilizers,flushedout

tosea,nourishexplosionsofplanktonwhichcoverbatherswithitchyslime.Thenthereis

theoil—130,000tonspouringeachyearfromships,115,000tonsmorefromindustries

roundtheshore.RecentstudiesshowthattheMediterraneanisfourtimesaspollutedas

thenorthAtlantic,20timesasbadasthenorth-eastPacific.Apartfromthenine-mile-

widcStraitofGibraltar,theMediterraneanislandlocked,virtuallyunabletocleanse

itself.Ittakes80yearsforthewatertoberenewed,throughthenarrow,shallowstraits,

fartooslowaprocesstocopewiththeremorselessrushofpollution.

31、Accordingtothepassage,theMediterranean.

A^accountsforone-thirdoftheworld'stouristpopulation

B、isthemostpollutedareaonearth

C、hasonly1percentoftheworld'ssurface

D^is(hemostpollutedseaintheworld

标准答案：D

知识点解析：本题是细节题。参见文章第1段：Withone-thirdoftheworld'stourist

trade>itisthemostpopularofalltheholidaydestinations：itisalsothemost

polluted.由此可知答案。

32、Whatadviceisgiventotouristsaccordingtothetext?

A^Shellfishareprimedishesfortourists.

B、ItisveryriskytogoforaswimintheMediterranean.

C、Theseafooddishesareveryappetizingtotake.

D、Itisverydangeroustoeatshellfish.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：本题是细节题。参见文章第9段：Shellfishareprimecarriesofmany

ofthemostviciousdiseasesofthearea.Theyoftengrowamidpollution.Andevenif

theydon'ttheyarefrequentlyinfectedbythepopularpracticeof"fresheningthemup"

throwingfilthywaterover(heminmarkets这51句话的大意是：甲壳类水生物是大

量恶性疾病的载体，它们选常生长中被污染的环境中。即便不是生长在被污染的环

境中，也不时会受到污水佬感染。从中可判断出吃贝类菜很危险。

33、Judgingfromthecontext,theword"kirk"(Line1,Para.9)probablymeans.

A^toexistunseen

B、towaitquietly

C、toattractgreatly

tomoveirregularly

标准答案：A

知识点解析：本题是词汇题。根据此句的上下文greaterdangerlurksintheseductive

seafooddishes可得知lurk为"潜伏、埋伏、潜在"之意，如；Thereisasuspic沁us

manlurkingintheshadows.有一可疑的人躲在阴暗中。

34、Accordingtothepassage,allthefollowingmaycausedamagetotheseaEXCEPT

A^sewage

B、pesticides

C、detergentsandfertilizers

D、planktonwhichcoverbatherswithitchyslime

标准答案：D

知识点解析：本题是细节题。参见文章第11段。根据这一段的内容可知：

sewage,pesticides,detergents和fertilizers都是造成环境危害的元凶，而plankton

只是肥料滋养出来的产物，不是直接因素。

35、ItmaybeinferredthattheMediterraneanis.

A、landlockedbythenine-mile-wideStraitofGibraltar

B、fourtimesaspollutedbyoilasthenorthAtlantic

C、avictimoftourism,sewageandindustry

D、theworstpollutedareaintheworld

标准答案：C

知识点解析：本题是推论题。根据整个文章的内容，前几段谈的是旅游业对地中海

环境的破坏,特别在第3段谈到它成了thefirstoftheseastofallvictimtothe

abilitiesandattitudes(hatevolvedaroundit<.后面几段谈到工业污染、生活垃圾等造

成的问题，由此可推断正确答案。

Zimbabweanscopewi(htheshortageofthedollarsthatcountinvariousways.The

governmentgrabsthemfromotherpeople.OnFebruary9th.ittoldthecountry'sbanksto

startsellingalltheirhard-currencyinflowstothecentralbankandthestatepetrol-

importingmonopoly,attheofficialrate.ItsaidthatZimbabweanembassiesabroadface

powercutsbecausetheycannotpaytheirbills.ButifstaffinMoscowfeltchilly,thegrab

didnotwarmthem.Exporterstoldtheircustomerstodelaypayments.Hard-currency

inflowsfellbysome90%,forcingthegovernmenttorelent.Businessfolkwererelieved.

TheeconomyissostormythatmanyexportersstayafloatonlybysellingAmerican

dollarsontheblackmarket.Otherstrytokeeptheirforeignearningsoffshore.Thisisnot

easy,sincemostselltobacco,gold,rosesandothergoodsthatcanbeobservedand

recordedastheyleavethecountry.Butsomequietlysetupoverseassubsidiariestobuy

(heirownproductsatartificiallylowprices.Thesubsidiarythensellsthegoodsm(he

realbuyer,andkeepstheproceedsabroad.Sincepetrol,whichmustbeimported,is

scarce,someemployersgivetheirstaffbicycles.But(hetwolocalbicyclemakershave

gonebankrupt,sobicyclesmustbeimportedtoo.Wherepossible,localproductsare

replacedtbrimports.Onefirm,forexample,hasdevisedawaytomakeglueusingoil

fromlocally-growncastorbeansinsteadofpetroleum-basedchemicals.Buteventhe

simplestproductsoftenhaveimportedcomponents.Onemanufacturerfounditcouldnot

makefirst-aidkits,becauseitcouldnotobtainzipsforthebags.Thelocalzip-makerhad

nodollarstoimportsmallbutessentialmetalstuds.Anorderworth$8,000waslostfor

wantofperhapsS100inhardcash.Richindividualsareputtingtheirsavingsintotangible

assets,thoughnothousesorland,whichtheyfearthegovernmentmayseize.Instead,

theybuymovablegoodssuchascarsorjewellery.UnliketheZimbabweandollar,such

assetsdonotlosehalftheirvalueeveryyear.Jewelleryisalsoaneasywaymmove

moneyabroad.Wearitontheplane,sellitinLondon,andleavethemoneythere.The

poorhavefeweroptions.Atypicalunskilledwagenowbuysaloafofbreadandalitreof

milkaday,plusthebusfaretowork.FormostpoorZimbabweans,theonlymeasure

againstinflationistoplantmaizeinthebackyardandhopetheycanharvestitbefore

(heirlandlordexpelsthem.

36、ButifstaffinMoscowfeltchilly,thegrabdidnotwarmthemmeansthemeasure

governmentadoptedis.

A、funny

efficient

C、active

D、useless

标准答案：D

知识点解析：推理判断题。这句话是说如果莫斯科那儿的人员感到寒冷，这点东西

也暖和不了他们，字里行间流露出对政府措施的一种否定态度，说明这些措施意义

不大，解决不了什么问题。故选D。

37、Theoverseassubsidiariesaresetupto.

A、puzzletheZimbabweangovernment

B、actasaseller

C、importsomeproducts

D、storetheproductswhichareproducedinZimbabwean

标准答案：A

知识点解析：推理判断题。笫二段最后两句谈到一些公司悄悄在国外建立子公司，

子公司以低价买进国内公司的产品，同时再在国外寻找真正的买家，将产品高价卖

出，确保获利。这样做的目的无非是造成•种假象，迷惑政府，以避免津巴布韦政

府收回货币。

38、Theexampleof"zips"reflects.

A^ifpossible,importswillbereplacedbythelocalproducts

B、someproductscan'tbeproducedwithoutimportedcomponents

C、thepeopletrytofindawaymproducethelocalmaterials

D^asmalllackleadstoabigloss

标准答案：D

知识点解析：推理判断题。文中第四段提到拉锁一例，说明即使最简单的产品也常

常需要进口一些小部件才能制成。而正是因为少了价值100元的拉锁扣，损失了

8000元的生意。选项”只要有可能，当地产品就代替进口的“；”有些产品需要进口

部件，否则无法生产；”人们想办法制造本地材料”；“小缺陷带来大损失”。最终的

结论应该是答案选项。

39、Undercurrentcircumstances,peopleinthecountrydothefollowing

EXCEPT.

A、putsavingsintotangibleassets

B、buycarsandjewelers

C、plantmaizeinthebackyard

D、buyhousesandland

标准答案：D

知识点解析：事实细节题。从第四段可以看出，在目前的情况下，国内人民怎样处

理自己的财产?富人们把他们的存款变为有形资产，比如汽车、珠宝等，尤其是珠

宝，可以随身携带到国外：而穷人只能在家里种些玉米，自给自足了。第四段提

至『Richindividualsareputtingtheirsavingsintotangibleassets,thoughnothousesor

land,whichtheyfear由egovernmentmayseize."可以看出，由于政府可以随时收走房

子和地产，所以都不采取这种方式。”把存款变为有用的资产“；”买车和珠宝"；"

在后院种HT；“买房买地”。因此，答案选项正确。

40、WhichoneisNOTtrueabouteffectsresultedfromeconomicproblemsin

Zimhabwca?

A、Peopledon'twanttoholdtheZimbabweandollars.

SomepeoplewillgiveyoumomZimbabweandollarsforhardcurrency.

C、Thestaffusebicyclesinsteadofcars.

D、Businessfolkhavenothingtodowiththegovernmentalpolicies.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：推理判断题。文章第一段表明津巴布韦出现美元储备短缺的情况后，

人们都不愿意卖出美元，也就是不愿意持有津巴布韦货币；第三段表明，由于石油

全进口，为避免买石油，员工们不得不崎自行车上班；由第二段可知，做生意的人

采取开子公司的方法来应对国家的政策，因此答案选项是错误阐述。

三、阅读(补全短文)(本题共5题，每题1.0分，共

5分。)

[A]Forexample,theUnitedStalesisamajorconsumerol'uoffee,yetiidoesnothavethe

climatetogrowanyofitsown.Consequently,theUnitedStatesmustimportcoffeefrom

countries(suchasBrazil,ColombiaandGuatemala)thatgrowcoffeeefficiently.On(he

otherhand,theUnitedStateshaslargeindustrialplantscapableofproducingavarietyof

goods,suchaschemicalsandairplanes,whichcanbesold(onationsihatneedthem.If

nationstradeditemforitem,suchasoneautomobilefor10.OCK)bagsofcoffee,foreign

tradewouldbeextremelycumbersomeandrestrictive.Soinsteadofbarter,whichisthe

tradeofgoodswithoutanexchangeofmoney,theUnitedStatesreceivesmoneyin

paymentforwhatitsells.ItpaysforBraziliancoffeewithdollars,whichBrazilcanthen

usetobuywoolfromAustralia,whichinturncanbuytextilesfromGreatBritain,which

canthenbuytobaccofromtheUnitedStates.[B]Foreigntradealsooccursbecausea

countryoftendoesnothaveenoughofaparticularitemtomeetitsneeds.Althoughthe

UnitedStatesisamajorproducerofsugar,itconsumesmorethanitcanproduce

internallyandthusmustimportsugar.[CjForeigntrade,theexchangeofgoodsbetween

nations,takesplaceformanyreasons.Thefirst,asmentionedaboveisthatnonationhas

allofthecommodities(hatitneeds.Rawmaterialsarescatteredaroundtheworld.Large

depositsofcopperareminedinPeruandZaire,diamondsareminedinSouthAfricaand

petroleumisrecoveredin(heMiddleEast.Countriesthatdonothavetheseresources

within(heirownboundariesmustbuyfromcountriesthatexportthem.[D]Intoday's

complexeconomicworld,neitherindividualsnornationsareself-suffi-cient.Nations

haveutilizeddifferenteconomicresources;peoplehavedevelopeddifferentskills.Thisis

thefoundationofworldtradeandeconomicactivity.Asaresultofthistradeandactivity,

internationalfinanceandbankinghaveevolved.[E]Finally,fbreigntradetakesplace

becauseofinnovationorstyle.EventhoughtheUnitedStatesproducesmoreautomobiles

thananyothercountry,itstillimportslargenumbersofautosfromGermany,Japanand

Sweden,primarilybecausethereisamarketforthemintheUnitedStates.[F]Formost

nations,exportsandimportsarethemostimportantinternationalactivity.Whennations

exportmorethantheyimport,theyaresaidtohaveafavorablebalanceoftrade.When

(heyimportmorethantheyexport,anunfavorablebalanceoftradeexists.Nationstryto

maintainafavorablebalanceoftrade,whichassures(hemofthemeanstobuynecessary

imports.[G]Third,onenationcansellsomeitemsatalowercostthanothercountries.

Japanha