考研英语模拟试卷281

考研英语模拟试卷281

一、完型填空（本题共20题，每题7.0分，共20分。）

Likeallthehugemetropolisesoftheworld,therearclotsofdiversionsbothoutdoorsand

indoorsinChicago.TheArtInstituteofChicagohasoneoftheworld's[1]art

collections,includingmoreFrenchImpressionistpaintingsthanevenintheParisLouvre

itself.TheFieldMuseumofNaturalHistoryandtheMuseumofScienceandIndustryare

alsogreathistoricalandculturaltreasurehousesto[2]aswellasentertainchildrenand

adults[3]IntheFieldMuseumonecomes[4]asurprisinglybigcollectionofChinese

exhibitsfromtheancient[5]totheearlycentury.TheSearsTowerandthe

BuckinghamFountainaretheprideoftheChicagoans;[6]having110storey'sissaidto

bethehighesttowerintheworldandthe[7]isthelargestfountainintheUnitedStates.

LakeMichiganisforyachtinginsummertime,【8】thehighlightsofChicagolifeallthe

yearroundareconcerts,operasandplays[9]bythecity'sorchestra,operahousesand

theatres.Insummer,especiallyaroundtheIndependenceDay,July4th,manyfestivals

andfairsaregivenoutdoors,which,[10]crowdsandcrowdsofpeople,withtheir

parades,fireworks,[11]concerts,water-skiingandgoodfoods.Butwithallits

attractionsandbeautifulspotsChicagoisalsoacity[12]forcrimes.Allthedwelling

housesare[13]withthreedoorsandvisitorshavetospeakthroughmicrophone[14]

inthewalltotheresidentsbeforetheycangetadmitted.Inthestreetstherearewhite­

colortelephones.Whenonefindsoneself[15],heneedsonlytoknockthereceiver

[16]thehookandthenextinstantthepolicewill[17].Ifonedoesnotdriveacar,it

maywellbedangerousforhimorhertogooutaloneintheevening.AtfirstIdidnot

lakethiswarningseriously.[18],myIwoeiicuunlerswithiheBlackpeople[19]dusk

intheneighborhoodweresounpleasantandfrighteningthatIhave[20]shutmyself

eveningsinmyroom,inalmostallstudying,imposingacurfewonmyself.

1、

smallest

B、smaller

C^greatest

D、greater

标准答案：C

知识点解析：考查固定搭配与上下文逻辑关系。根据下文中提到的more一词可

知，small显然是不对的，在选项C、D中，应该选择最高级，这是一种固定句

型：oneofthe+形容词的最高级。

2、

A^instruct

B、tell

C^inform

D^conduct

标准答案：A

知识点解析：考查词义辨析与上下文逻辑关系。instruct意为“教育，教导"；tell意

为借诉”；inform意为“通知"；conduct意为”指导,组织“。根据上下文的文意，只

有选项A正确，这里指：这些艺术珍品使孩子和大人在欣赏享受艺术的同时受到

了教育。

3、

A、alike

B、both.

C、like

D、either

标准答案：A

知识点解析：考查词义辨析与用法。alike意为“一样，相同”，这里表示对成人和

小孩子一样予以指导，给予欣赏；both意为“两者都”，应该是boihchildrenand

adults；like意为“像...一样”，不用于句末：either意为“也,而且"，常用于否定

句及疑问句中。

4、

A、upon

B、to

C、with

D、for

标准答案：A

知识点解析：考查短语的固定搭配。Comeupon意为“遇到，突然想到“；cometo

意为“来到，达到”:comewith意为“随...而来”:comefor意为”来拿....夹

接...根据后面所接的宾语“asurprisinglybigcollectionofChineseexhibits”,只

有选项A可以与之搭配，故正确。

5、

A、age

B、ages

C、time

D、times

标准答案：D

知识点解析：考查固定若配和用法。times在此表示“时代”，“古代”必须用“ancient

times”这一固定的短语。

6、

A、thefirst

B、theformer

C^theprevious

D^theformal

标准答案：B

知识点解析：考查固定嗒配。theformer是一个固定的搭配，表示“前者”，后者是

“thelatter”,它们一般配对出现。

7、

A、later

B>latter

C、late

D^former

标准答案：B

知识点解析：考查固定搭配。前面空格处提到了前者，此处就是说的后者，故选项

B正确。

8、

A、when

B、as

C、while

D、but

标准答案：C

知识点解析：考查连词的用法。while除了表示时间外，还可以表示对比和转折的

意思，翻译为“而……”，根据上下文，这里是把芝加哥和密歇根湖做了个对比。而

其余几个词都无法表达这层含义。

9、

A、given

B、performed

C、conducted

D、acted

标准答案：B

知识点解析:考查词义辨析与固定搭配。give意为“给出”,无法与operas和plays

搭配；perform意为“演出，表演”，可以与operas和plays搭配，为正确答案；

conduct意为“指导，指挥”，可以接指挥乐队，不能和其他词搭配：act意为“扮

演，演出“，只可以和play搭配。

10、

A、amazed

B、enticed

C、captured

D、attracted

知识点解析：考查词义辨析与上下文逻辑关系。equip意为“配备，装备''；insiall意

为“安装"；insert意为“镶嵌，插入“。这里讲的是装在墙上的小话筒，故选项B符

合句意。

15、

A、inthemoment

B、innecessity

C、inajuncture

D^inanemergency

标准答案：D

知识点解析：考查短语辨析与上下文逻辑关系。inthemomenl意为“在……的时

候“，一般用inamoment,意为“马上，一会儿"；innecessity意为“需要，必须

时“；juncture意为“时刻，关头”，一般用于短语atthisjuncture；inanemergency二if

thereisemergency,意为“如果发生紧急情况”。本句话是说：当人们发现自己身处

险境时，他只需把话筒从挂钩上敲下来即可，不一会儿警察就会来救他了。

16、

A、off

B、out

C、down

D、away

标准答案：A

知识点解析：考查介词用法与上下文逻辑关系。knockoff意为“敲掉，敲落二

knockout意为“敲出，打出“；knockdown意为“打倒，撞倒”；knockaway意为“敲

下”。选项A和D意思二近似，但有区别，off二awayfromsth.符合这里的语境。

17、

A、rescuehim

B>cometohisrescue

C、cometosave

D、save

标准答案：B

知识点解析：考查短语的固定搭配。cometohisrescue意为"前来救他

18、

A、Therefore

B、Moreover

C、However

D、Whatever

标准答案：C

知识点解析：考查连词用法与上下文逻辑关系。这里根据上下文的意思，前后是表

示转折的，故选项C正确。

19、

A^in

B、on

C、at

D、by

标准答案：C

知识点解析：考查短语的固定搭配。aldusk意为“黄昏”。

20、

A、since

B、then

C、after

D、until

标准答案：A

知识点解析♦：考查上下文逻辑关系。本句表示的是从那时起直到现在，故选择

since合适，同时，如果使用since时态要用现在完成时，本句用的正好是这个时

态。

二、阅读（常规阅读理解）（本题共20题，每题

分,共20分。）

IncomeinequalityintheUnitedStateremainedrelativelystableforaperiodofnearly

fortyyears.Beginninginthe1970's,however,thisperiodofstabilityended,asthefirst

signsofwideningincomeinequalitybecameapparent.Overthecourseofthe1970*sand

1980's,anincreasinglycleartrendtowardgreaterincomeinequalityemerged.Bytheend

ofthe1980's,thetop20percentofworkerswerereceivingthelargestshareofincome

everrecordedbygovernmentfigures,andthebottomthreefifthswerereceivingthe

lowestshareseverrecorded.Thistrendhascontinuedintothe1990sandcurrentlyshows

nosignsofdecline.Whentheindicatorsofgrowinginequalitywerefirstobservedinthe

1970,s,someresearchersarguedthattheeffectsweremerelytemporaryartifactsofshort­

termlabormarketdisturbances.Thenewoccupationalstructureappearstobeonewithan

increaseofwell-paidtechnical,scientificandprofessionaljobsatthetop,asliding

middleclass,andagrowingpoorly-paidserviceandretailjobsatthebottom.Several

importantlabor-forcechangesappearedtobecontributingtotheshiftingoccupational

structure.Asoccupationalreconstructingandgrowingincomeinequalityhavebecome

increasinglyevident,aheateddebateastothecausesandmagnitudeofthesechanges

arose.Twodominantbodiesofthoughtemergedaroundtheissue:thejob-skillmismatch

thesisandthepolarizationthesis.Mismatchtheoristsarguethatthereisanincreasing

distancebetweenthehighskillrequirementsofpost-industrialjobsandtheinadequate

trainingandmediocrequalificationsofworkers.Theyseethepost-industrialeconomy

leavingbehindunskilledworkers,especiallywomenandminorities.Forthemismatch

theorist,thetrendtowardgreaterinequalityistemporaryaridwilldissipateoncethe

supplyofworkersacquirestheskillsdemandedbyapost-industrialeconomy.Andthey

predictthattheworkerswillexperienceanupgradingintheirwagesoverthelongrun.

Polarizationtheorists,ontheotherhand,believethattheriseininequalityispermanent,a

resultoftheshifttoaservice-basedeconomy.Thisvisionofthepostindustrialeconomy

ischaracteristicallypolarized.Theproblemaccordingtothesetheorists,isthetypeof

jobsbeinggeneratedintheneweconomy,notworkerattributes.Becausetheybelievethe

causesarestructuralandpermanent,polarizationtheoristswoulddenytheefficacyof

publicpoliciesdesignedtoeducateandtrainunskilledworkers.Theypredictalong-term

continuationofthetrendtowardsincreasingincomeinequality.Studiesshowthatthe

long-runincreaseinincomeinequalityisalsorelatedtochangesintheNation'slabor

marketanditshouseholdcomposition.Thewagedistributionhasbecomeconsiderably

moreunequalwithmorehighlyskilled,trainedandeducatedworkersatthetop

experiencingrealwagegainsandthoseatthebottomrealwagelosses.Onefactoristhe

shiftinemploymentfromthosegoods-producingindustriesthathavedisproportionately

providedhigh-wageopportunitiesforlow-skilledworkers,towardsservicesthat

disproportionatelyemploycollegegraduates,andtowardslow-wagesectorssuchasretail

trade.Butwithinindustry,shiftsinlabordemandawayfromless-educatedworkersare

perhapsamoreimportantexplanationoferodingwagesthantheshiftoutof

manufacturing.Alsocitedasputtingdownwardpressureonthewagesofless-educated

workersareintensifyingglobalcompetitionandimmigration,thedeclineofthe

proportionofworkersbelongingtounions,thedeclineintherealvalueoftheminimum

wage,theincreasingneedforcomputerskills,andtheincreasinguseoftemporary

workers.

21、FromtheParagraph1,wecanseethatbeginninginthe1970s.

A、incomebecamemoreunequal

B、incomebecamemoreequal

C、incomebecamemoreunstable

D、incomebecamemorestable

标准答案：A

知识点解析：从Beginninginthe1970's,however,thisperiodofstabilityended,as

thefirstsignsofwideningincomeinequalitybecameapparent可以得出结论。

22、Accordingtothestatisticsofthe1980s,whichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

A、Thetop20percentoftheworkersearnedmorethanthewell-paidtechnicians.

B、Overhalfoftheworkerswerepoorlypaid.

C、Thereweremoreservicejobs.

D、Incomestillremainedunequal.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：从文中可以看出，well-paidtechnicians就足高收入人群。

23、AccordingioParagraph2,whichofthefollowingstaiemenisisNOTtrue?

A、Bothmismatchtheoristsandpolarizationtheoriststhinkthatgreaterinequalitywill

remain.

B、Mismatchtheoristsandpolarizationtheoristshaveoppositeviewsregardingthepost-

industrialeconomy.

C、Polarizationtheoristsdonotthinkitusefultotraintheworkers.

D^Bothgroupsoftheoriststrytoexplainthecausesofincomeinequality.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：从第二段中Forthemismatchtheorist,thetrendtowardgreater

inequalityistemporaryaridwilldissipate可以得出结论。

24>Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?

A、Thelong-runincreaseinincomeinequalityiscausedbyhewagedistribution,

fewergoods-producingindustrialworkerswillbeemployed.

C、Notenoughcollegesiudcntsareemployedbydifferentservices.

D、Lesseducatedworkershavebecomemoreimportant.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：因为劳工雇用已经从goods-producingindustries转变到其他领域。

25>Accordingtothewriter,intensifyingglobalcompetitionandimmigrationwill

A^reducetheproportionofunionworkers

B、reducetherealvalueoftheminimumwage

C、increasetheuseoftemporaryworkerx

D、makethewagesofless-educatedworkersgodown

标准答案：D

知识点解析：从andtheincreasinguseoftemporaryworkers中可以得出答案。

Withonlyabout1,000pandasleftintheworld,Chinaisdesperatelytryingtoclonethe

animalandsavetheendangeredspecies.That'samovesimilartowhataTexasA&M

Universityresearcherhasbeenundertakingforthepastfiveyearsinaprojectcalled

"Noah'sArk".Dr.DuaneKraemer,aprofessorinTexasA&M'sCollegeofVeterinary

Medicineandapioneerinembryotransferworkandrelatedprocedures,sayshesalutes

theChineseeffortand"Iwishthemallthebestsuccesspossible.It'saworthwhile

project,certainlynotaneasyone,andit'sverymuchlikewhatwe'reattemptinghereat

TexasA&M—tosaveanimalsfromextinction."Noah'sArkisaimedatcollectingeggs,

embryos,semenandDNAofendangeredanimalsandstoringtheminliquidnitrogen.If

certainspeciesshouldbecomeextinct,Kraemersaystherewouldbeenoughofthebasic

buildingblockstoreintroducethespeciesinthefuture.Itisestimatedthatasmanyas

2,000speciesofmammals,birdsandreptileswillbecomeextinctoverthenext100years.

Thepanda,nativeonlytoChina,isindangerofbecomingextinctinthenext25years.

Thisweek,Chinesescientistssaidtheygrewanembryobyintroducingcellsfromadead

femalepandaintotheeggcellsofaJapanesewhiterabbit.Theyarenowtryingto

implanttheembryointoahostanimal.Theentireprocedurecouldtakefromthreetofive

yearstocomplete."Thenucleartransferofonespeciestoanotherisnoteasy,andthe

lackofavailablepandaeggscouldbeamajorproblem/'Kraemerbelieves."Theywill

probablyhavetodoseveralhundredtransferstoresultinonepregnancy.Ittakesalong

timeandit'sdifficult,butthiscouldbegroundbreakingscienceifitworks.Theyare

certainlynotputtinganylivepandasatrisk,soitisworththeeffort,"addsKraemer,who

isoneoftheleadersoftheMissyplicityProjectatTexasA&M,thefirst-everattemptat

cloningadog."Theyarecryingtodosomethingihal'sneverbeendone,andthisisvery

similartoourworkinNoah'sArk.We'rebothtryingtosaveanimalsthatfaceextinction.

Icertainlyapplaudtheireffortandthere'salotwecanlearnfromwhattheyare

attemptingtodo.Itsaresearchthatisverymuchneeded."

26Theaimof"Noah'sArk"projectisto.

A、implantembryointoahostanimal

B、salutetheChineseeffortsinsavingpandas

C、saveendangeredanimalsfromextinction

D、introducecellsfromadeadfemalepandaintotheeggceilsofaJapanesewhiterabbit

标准答案：C人

知识点解析：选项C的意思是：拯救濒于灭绝的动物。原文见第二段末。

27、HowlongwilltheChinesepanda-cloningprojectlakeaccordingtothepassage9

A、1year.

B、3to5years.

C、2years.

D、25years.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：答案可从原文第8段找到。原文说：“整个程序需要三到五年。”

28Theword"groundbreaking'^Paragraph7）canbeinterpretedas.

A、essentiallynew

pioneering

C、evolutionary

D、epoch-making

标准答案：B

知识点解析：这是一道解词题。groundbreaking的意思等于openingupanew

researchfieldorground（升辟新的疆域、领域）。具相应词pioneering的意思是：开创

性的，创新性的。

29NWhatcouldbethemajorproblemincloningpandasaccordingtoProfessor

Kraemer?

ANLackofavailablepandaeggs.

B、Lackofhostanimals.

C、Lackofqualifiedresearchers.

D、Lackoffunds.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：这是一道句义转换释意题。原文是一个强调句，强调研究的重要性，

意为：“研究着实是很重要的。”其意相当于：It'sworthyofthenameof

research.（研究就是研究，这项研究确实是一项名副其实的研究。）

30、Thebesttitleforthepassagemaybe.

A、China-theNativePlaceofPandasForever

B、China'sEffortstoClonePandas

C、China'sFirstClonedPanda

D、ExploringthePossibilitytoClonePandas

标准答案：B

知识点解析：选项B和C都可以成为正确答案。但B更显得中肯，朴实无华。选

项C加上了“willshocktheworld（将使世界震惊），没有干成的事似可不必夸张。

ItisincongruousthatthenumberofBritishinstitutionsofferingMBAcoursesshould

havegiownby254percentduiingaperiodwhentheeconomyhasbeenslidinginlo

deeperrecession.Optimists,orthosegiventospeed,assumptions,mightthinkit

marveloustohavesucharesourceofbusinessschoolgraduatesreadyfortherecovery.

Unfortunately,thereisnowmuchdoubtaboutthevalueofthedegreenotleastamong

MBAgraduatesthemselves,sufferingastheyarefromtheeffectsofrecessionandfacing

theprospectofshrinkingmanagementstructures.Whatwastakensomeyearsagoasa

ticketofcertainadmissiontosuccessisnowbeingexposedtothescrutinyofcost-

consciousemployerswhoseek"can-dos"ratherthan"might-dos",andwhofeelthat

academiabasnotbeensufficientlyappreciativeoftheneedsofindustryorofthe

employers'possiblecontribution.Itiscurious,giventhenameofthedegree,thatthere

shouldbenoleaguetableforUKbusinessschools;nounanimityaboutwhatthedegree

shouldencompass;andnoagreedsystemofaccreditation.Surelythereissomething

wrong.Onewonderswhereallthetutorsforthismassiveinfusionofbusinessexpertise

camefromandwhyallthismushroomingtookplace.Perhapscompaniesthatmadelarge

investmentswouldhavebeenwisertoinvestinalreadyexistingmanagers,perched

anxiouslyontheirowninternalladdersTheInstituteofManagement's1992survey,

whichrevealedthateighty-onepercentofmanagersthoughttheypersonallywouldbe

moreeffectiveiftheyreceivedmoretraining,suggeststhatthismightbethecase.There

is,too,thefactthattrainingalonedocsnotmakesuccessfulmanagers.Theyneedthe

inherentqualifications.Ofcharacter;adegreeofself-subjugation;andaboveall,the

abilitytocommunicateandlead;moresonow,whenempowermentisabuzzwordthatis

atleastgeneratinggenuflexions,ifnottotalconviction.Onecaneasilythinkofpeople,

somecomparativelyunlettered,whoarenotlaudedcaptainsofindustry.Wemay,

therefore,notneedtobetooconcernedaboutthefallinapplicationsforbusinessschool

places,oreventhedoubtaboutMBAs.Theproliferationandsubsequentquestioningmay

havebeenaninevitableevolution.IftheManagementCharterInitiative,nowexploring

theintroductionofaseniormanagementqualification,issuccessful,therewillbea

powerfulcorrective.Webelievenowthatmanagementisallaboutchange.Onehopes

therewillbesomeofthatinrelationshipbetweenmanagementandsciencewithin

industry,currentlycausingconcernandwhichisoverdueforattention.No-onedoubts

thatweneedmorescientistsandinnovationtogiveusanedgeinanincreasingly

competitiveworld.Ifscientistsfeelthemselvesundervaluedandunder-used,workingin

industrialghettos,thatisnotapromisingauguryforthefuture.Itseemswehaveto

resolvethesemisapprehensionsbetweenscienceand.industry.Aboveall,wehaveto

makesurethatmanagementisnotitselfsmugaboutitsstatusandthatitdoesnotissue

missionstatementsaboutcommunicationwithoutrealizingthattheessenceofitisa

dialogue.Moreempowermentisrequiredandweshouldstrivetoachieveit.

31、Whatisthewriter'sviewinthereadingpassage?

A^HebelievesthattherearetoomanyMBAs

B、Hebelievesthatthedegreeisover-valued

C、Hebelievesthatstandardsareinconsistent

D、Hebelievesthatthedegreehasdubiousvalue

标准答案：c-

知识点解析：从文中第三段可知；A,B,D三项文中提到过，但只是某些人的观

点，作者并未完全赞同。

32、Accordingtothepassage,employers.

A、feelthattheyhavenotbeenconsultedsufficientlyabouttheirneeds

B、considerthatcost-consciousnessisthemostimportantqualification

C>arcmoreconcernedaboutthevalueofthedegreethangraduatesthemselves

D、feelthatMBAswillnotbenecessarybecauseofshrinkingmanagementstructures

标准答案：D

知识点解析：从文章一、二段可知；A文章未提及；B对于成本的考虑是对雇主的

形容，而不是对于管理者的素质要求；C错误，应该是对其自身素质的考虑重于学

位的考虑。

33、Accordingtothepassage.

A、managersneedadegreeandtheabilitytocommunicate

trainingneedtobedoneingroupstobesuccessful

C>managerstodaymusthavegoodcommunicationandleadershipskills

D、industrialmanagersdonotneedtowriteletters.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：文中第四段中“aboveall,theabilitytocommunicateandlead”可知答

案。

34、Inthewriter'sopinion.

A、scienceincreasescompetition

B、scientistsareundervalued

C>themanagementofscienceneedsreassessment

D、managementfeelssmugaboutitsstatus

标准答案：A

知识点解析：文章最后一段中"No-onedoubtsthatweneedmorescientistsand

innovationtogiveusanedgeinanincreasinglycompetitiveworld”，可见科学是促进

竞争的因素之一；B错误，文中只是假设；C在文中未提及；D错误，与文中意思

相反。

35、Whichoftheinformationistrueaccordingtothepassage?

A、Mostmanagersinterviewedfeltthattheircolleaguesneededmoretraining

BNEmployerstodayarelookingforprovenexperienceratherthanpotentialability

C、TheManagementCharterInitiativeisanattempttostandardizeMBAs

D^CompanieswouldhavebenefitedmorefromrecruitingMBAsratherthaninvesting

intheirownstaff

标准答案：B

知识点解析：文中第二段中说的“seekcan-dosratherthanmight-dos”表明企业更看重

实际的能力而非潜在的能力，B正确；A错误，他们说的是自己，而非同事；C错

误，Managc-mcritCharterInitiative正在开发一种新的高级管理资格标准，而非

MBA；D错误，刚好相反。

Nucleaipower'sdangertuhcaldi,safely,andevenlifeitselfcanbesummedupinone

word:radiation.Nuclearradiationhasacertainmysteryaboutit,partlybecauseitcannot

bedetectedbyhumansenses.Itcan'tbeseenorheard,ortouchedortasted,eventhough

itmaybeallaroundus.Thereareotherthingslikethat.Forexample,radiowavesareall

aroundusbutwecan'tdetectthem,sensethem,withoutaradioreceiver.Similarly,we

can'tsenseradioactivitywithoutaradiationdetector.Butunlikecommonradiowaves,

nuclearradiationisnotharmlesstohumanbeingsandotherlivingthings.Atveryhigh

levels,radiationcankillananimalorhumanbeingoutrightbykillingmassesofcellsin

vitalorgans.Buteventhelowestlevelscandoseriousdamage.Thereisnolevelof

radiationthatiscompletelysafe.Iftheradiationdoesnothitanythingimportant,the

damagemaynotbesignificant.Thisisthecasewhenonlyafewcellsarehit.Andifthey

arekilledoutright,yourbodywillreplacethedeadcellswithhealthyones.Butifthefew

cellsarconlydamaged,andiftheyreproducethemselves,youmaybeintrouble.They

reproducethemselvesinadeformedway.Theycangrowintocancer.Sometimesthis

doesnotshowupfbrmanyyears.Thisisanotherreasonforsomeofthemysteryabout

nuclearradiation.Seriousdamagecanbedonewithoutthevictimbeingawareatthetime

thatdamagehasoccurred.Apersoncanheirradiatedandfeelfine,thendieofcancer

five,ten,ortwentyyearslaterasaresult.Orachildcanbebornweakorliabletoserious

illnessasaresultofradialionabsorbedbyitsgrandparents.Radiationcanhurtus.We

mustknowthetruth.

36、Accordingtothepassage,thedangerofnuclearpowerliesin.

A^nuclearmystery

B>radiationdetection

C^radiationlevel

D^nuclearradiation

标准答案：D

知识点解析：nuclearradiation意为“核辐射"，题中的liesin意为“在于据短文中

的第一句：“核动力对……的危害归纳为一句话——核辐射该句中的radiation等

于muclearradiation0

37、Radiationcancauseseriousconsequencesatthelowestlevel.

A、whenitkillsfewcells

B、ifitdamagesthefewcells

C、thoughthedamagedcellscanrepairthemselves

D、unlessthedamagedcellscanreproducethemselves

标准答案：B

知识点解析：ifitdamagesthefewcells"如果核辐射损伤了少量的细胞”，题中的at

thelowestlevel意为“在最低的程度”,consequences意为“后果最

38、Theword''significant"inParagraph3mostprobablymeans.

A、responsible

B、meaningful

C、fatal

D、harmful

标准答案：D

知识点解析：harmful意为“有害的”，题中的significanl意为“重大的；有意义的

据第三段第四句：“如果辐射没有辐射到重要部位，那么损害就不大”，得知notbe

significant”没有意义"，即“无大碍"，也就足“无害”，因此significant的意思为

harmfulo

39Radiationcanhurtusinthewaythatitcan.

ANkilllargenumbersofcellsinmainorganssoastocausedeathimmediately

B、damagecellswhichmaygrowintocanceryearslater

C、affectthehealthygrowthofouroffspring

D^alloftheabove

标准答案：D

知识点解析：据第三、四段的内容我们得知：辐射对我们的伤害：1.它可以杀死

大量重要器官的细胞，造成立即死亡；2.损坏的细胞导致以后的癌症；3.影响后

代的健康。

40、Whichofthefollowingcanbebestinferredfromthepassage?

A^Theimportanceofprotectionfromradiationcannotbeover-emphasized.

B、Themysteryaboutradiationremainsunsolved.

C>Cancerismainlycausedbyradiation.

D、Radiationcanhurtthosewhoarenotawareofitsdanger.

标准答案:A

知识点解析：短文说明，防止核辐射的重要性怎么强调都不过分。

三、阅读（补全短文）（本题共5题，每题1.0分，共

5分。）

[A]Forexample,theUniiedStatesisamajorconsumerofcotlee,yetitdoesnothavethe

climatetogrowanyofitsown.Consequently,theUnitedStatesmustimportcoffeefrom

countries（suchasBrazil,ColombiaandGuatemala）thatgrowcoffeeefficiently.Onthe

otherhand,theUnitedStateshaslargeindustrialplantscapableofproducingavarietyof

goods,suchaschemicalsandairplanes,whichcanbesoldtonationsthatneedthem.If

nationstradeditemforitem,suchasoneautomobilefor10,000bagsofcoffee,foreign

tradewouldbeextremelycumbersomeandrestrictive.Soinsteadofbarter,whichisthe

tradeofgoodswithoutanexchangeofmoney,theUnitedStatesreceivesmoneyin

paymentforwhatitsells.ItpaysforBraziliancoffeewithdollars,whichBrazilcanthen

usetobuywoolfromAustralia,whichinturncanbuytextilesfromGreatBritain,which

canthenbuytobaccofromtheUnitedStates.|BJForeigntradealsooccursbecausea

countryoftendoesnothaveenoughofaparticularitemtomeetitsneeds.Althoughthe

UnitedStatesisamajorproducerofsugar,itconsumesmorethanitcanproduce

internallyandthusmustimportsugar.[C]Foreigntrade,theexchangeofgoodsbetween

nations,takesplaceformanyreasons.Thefirst,asmentionedaboveisthatnonationhas

allofthecommoditiesthatitneeds.Rawmaterialsarcscatteredaroundtheworld.Large

depositsofcopperareminedinPeruandZaire,diamondsareminedinSouthAfricaand

petroleumisrecoveredintheMiddleEast.Countriesthatdonothavetheseresources

withintheirownboundariesmustbuyfromcountriesthatexportthem.[D]Intoday's

complexeconomicworld,neitherindividualsnornationsareself-suffi-cient.Nations

haveutilizeddifferenteconomicresources;peoplehavedevelopeddifferentskills.Thisis

thefoundationofworldtradeandeconomicactivity.Asaresultofthistradeandactivity,

internationalfinanceandbankinghaveevolved.[E]Finally,foreigntradetakesplace

becauseofinnovationorstyle.EventhoughtheUnitedStatesproducesmoreautomobiles

thananyothercountry,itstillimportslargenumbersofautosfromGermany,Japanand

Sweden,primarilybecausethereisamarketforthemintheUnitedStates.[F]Formost

nations,exportsandimportsarethemostimportantinternationalactivity.Whennations

exportmorethantheyimport,theyaresaidtohaveafavorablebalanceoftrade.When

theyimportmorethantheyexport,anunfavorablebalanceoftradeexists.Nationstryto

maintainafavorablebalanceoftrade,whichassuresthemofthemeanstobuynecessary

imports.[G]Third,onenationcansellsomeitemsatalowercostthanothercountries.

Japanhasbeenabletoexportlargequantitiesofradiosandtelevisionsetsbecauseitcan

producethemmoreefficientlythanothercountries.ItischeaperfortheUnitedStatesto

buythesefromJapanthantoproducethemdomestically.Accordingtoeconomictheory,

Japanshouldproduceandexportthoseitemsfromwhichitderivesacomparative

advantage.Itshouldalsobuyandimportwhatitneedsfromthosecountriesthathavea

comparativeadvantageinihedesireditem*Order:______

固一叵7口一前r~|一石厂|一向一|44.।H4n

41、

标准答案：A

知识点解析：浏览选项，可知本文是一篇关于世界贸易的文章，第一段D项开门

见山介绍了国际贸易的必要性。而A项正好以事实为例说明了D项所述观点，有

逻辑相关性，本段应选A。

42、

标准答案：c

知识点9其余的选项内容都与对外贸易相关，而C项从对外贸易的原因出发

进行阐述，而且还用了“首先”，使得本项只能选C。

43、

标准答案：B

知识点解析：B项的段首给了我们明确的暗示，那就是“另一个原因”，这使我们得

以确定在C项“首先的原因”之后一定是B项“另一个原因”。

44、

标准答案：E

知识点解析：最后两个选项看似简单，因为E项段首表明“最后”，似乎是最后一段

了。其实不然，这个最后是与上文“对外贸易的原因”相衍接的，而F项却与之无

关，所以本段是E项。

45、

标准答案：F

知识点解析：最后一个选项，浏览全文，逻辑通顺。

四、阅读9翻译句子)(本题共5题，每题7.0分，共5

分。)

What'syourearliestmemory?Doyourememberlearningtowalk?Thebirthofasibling?

Nurseryschool?Adultsrarely