山西省吕梁市联考2025-2026学年高二下册6月月考英语试题 含答案

/高二英语考生注意：1．本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。2．答题前，考生务必用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔将密封线内项目填写清楚。3．考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；非选择题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。4．本卷命题范围：高考范围。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段录音。每段录音后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段录音后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段录音播放两遍。1.Whichpartofthehousehasbeendecorated?A.Thekitchen.B.Thebathroom.C.Thelivingroom.2.Whydoesthemanasktoseethewoman’sdriver’slicence?A.Shedrovetoofast.B.Hercarlightwasbroken.C.Shedidn’twearaseatbelt.3.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodofirst?A.Buyagift.B.Haveasnack.C.Watchthemovie.4.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inalibrary.B.Inaclassroom.C.Inabookstore.5.WhatisHafthorJuliusBjornsson?A.Anactor.B.Awriter.C.Adirector.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段录音。每段录音后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段录音前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，每小题都有5秒钟的作答时间。每段录音播放两遍。听第6段录音，回答第6、7题。6.Howlongdidthewomanworkonthecomputertoday?A.6hours.B.7hours.C.8hours.7.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Husbandandwife.B.Fellowworkers.C.Teacherandstudent.听第7段录音，回答第8至10题。8.Whatisthemainpurposeofthetennismatch?A.Tohavefunwithfriends.B.Toraisemoneyforahospital.C.Tocompeteforatennisprize.9.HowwillDesmondgotoRickardAvenue?A.Bycar.B.Onfoot.C.Bysubway.10.Whenwillthespeakersmeetforbreakfast?A.At10:30am.B.At9:30am.C.At8:30am.听第8段录音，回答第11至13题。11.WhyisLisawatchingaGermanfilm?A.Tofinishherhomework.B.Toenterafilmcompetition.C.ToprepareforherstayinGermany.12.HowdoesLisafeelaboutgoingtoGermany?A.Calmandconfident.B.Excitedbutnervous.C.Happyandrelaxed.13.Whatdoweknowabouttheman?A.Hedislikesstudyingabroad.B.He’sgoodatforeignlanguages.C.Hedidn’tknowtheprogrammerule.听第9段录音,回答第14至17题。14.Whydoesthemangotoseetheprofessor?A.Tohandinhisfinishedpaper.B.Toaskforadviceonhispaper.C.Toconfirmhispaper’sduedate.15.What’stheman’stopicofthepaper?A.Nature.B.Philosophy.C.Beauty.16.Whatdoestheprofessorthinkoftheman’stopic?A.It’stoobroad.B.It’stooboring.C.It’stooeasy.17.Whatisthemanprobablygoingtodonext?A.Changehispapertopic.B.Gotothelibrarytodoresearch.C.DiscussHumewithhisclassmates.听第10段录音，回答第18至20题。18.HowmanycopiesofNicholasrks’bookshavebeensoldintheUS?A.Over65million.B.Over75million.C.Over97million.19.WhendidrkscreatetheNicholasrksFoundation?A.In2001.B.In2011.C.In2021.20.Whatdoesrksthinkleadstohissuccess?A.Histalent.B.Ascholarship.C.Hiseducation.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AThehistoryofscienceisbuiltonthebreakthroughsofbrilliantminds.Whilemanyhavecontributed,theworkofthesefourindividualsfundamentallychangedtheirfieldsandcontinuestoimpactourlivestoday.OttoHahnOttoHahnwasapioneerinthefieldofnuclearchemistry.Hismostfamousachievementcamein1939withthediscoveryofnuclearfission—aprocessthatreleasesimmenseenergybysplittingatomicnuclei(原子核).ThisbreakthroughnotonlyearnedhimtheNobelPrizeinChemistryin1944butalsopavedthewayforbothnuclearenergyandatomicscience.Earlier,in1921,healsodiscoverednuclearisomerism,solidifyinghisroleasakeyfigureinradiochemistryandmodernphysics.LouisPasteurLouisPasteur’sworkhassavedmanylives.Hediscoveredthattinylivingthingscalledgerms(病菌)cancausesicknessandmakefoodgobad.Fromthis,hecreatedawaytoheatmilksoitissafetodrink—nowcalledpasteurization.Heisevenbetterknownformakingvaccines(疫苗)againstseriousdiseaseslikerabiesandanthrax.Hisimportantfindingshelpedstartmoderngermscienceandwaystopreventdisease,changinghowpeoplefightinfections.NikolaTeslaNikolaTesla,avisionaryinventor,wasinstrumentalincapturingthepowerofelectricity.Hechampionedalternatingcurrent(AC),whichprovedfarsuperiortodirectcurrentforcarryingelectricityoverlongdistances.ThisACsystembecamethefoundationofourmodernelectricalnetwork.Teslaalsoheldgroundbreakingpatentsinradiotransmissionandelectromagnetism(电磁),dreaminguptechnologiesthatwouldonlyberealizedlongafterhistime.JamesClerkMaxwellJamesClerkMaxwelltransformedourunderstandingofelectricity,magnetism,andlight.Throughasetofelegantequations—nowknownasMaxwell’sequations—heintegratedthetheoriesofelectricityandmagnetismintoasingleframework:electromagnetism.Hisworkpredictedtheexistenceofradiowavesandlaidtheessentialgroundworkforbothrelativityandquantumphysics.1.WhatNobelPrizedidOttoHahnwinin1944?A.Medicine. B.Physics. C.Chemistry. D.Literature.2.Whatispasteurizationusedfor?A.Makingfluvaccines. B.Increasingmilkproduction.C.Killinggermsonchicken. D.Keepingmilksafetodrink.3.WhatdoTeslaandMaxwellhaveincommon?A.Theystudiedelectromagnetism. B.Theypredictedradiowaves.C.Theyexploredatomicnuclei. D.Theyinventedalternatingcurrent.【正确答案】1.C2.D3.A【导语】文章主要介绍四位科学巨匠的突破性成就及其对现代科学和社会发展的深远影响。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据OttoHahn部分中“ThisbreakthroughnotonlyearnedhimtheNobelPrizeinChemistryin1944butalsopavedthewayforbothnuclearenergyandatomicscience.(这一突破不仅为他赢得了1944年的诺贝尔化学奖，也为核能和原子科学铺平了道路)”可知，OttoHahn获得了诺贝尔化学奖。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据LouisPasteur部分中“Fromthis,hecreatedawaytoheatmilksoitissafetodrink—nowcalledpasteurization.(由此，他创造了一种加热牛奶使其可以安全饮用的方法——现在称为巴氏杀菌法)”可知，巴氏杀菌法用于确保牛奶的安全饮用。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据NikolaTesla部分中“Teslaalsoheldgroundbreakingpatentsinradiotransmissionandelectromagnetism(特斯拉还在无线电传输和电磁学领域拥有开创性专利)”及JamesClerkMaxwell部分中“JamesClerkMaxwelltransformedourunderstandingofelectricity,magnetism,andlight.(詹姆斯·克拉克·麦克斯韦改变了我们对电、磁和光的理解)”可知，两者的共同点是都研究了电磁学。BMichaelBock’sGermanBakeryinBeijingmaybesmallandlocatedawayfromthecitycenter,butitsGermanbreadconsistentlyattractscustomersfromalloverthecapital.Thesoulofthebakeryisitsfounder,62-year-oldMichaelBock,amasterbakerfromHesse,Germany.Bock’sfather,alsoabaker,discouragedhimfromenteringthetradeduetothedemandingnatureofthework—earlymornings,handsexposedtolye(碱液),andheavylifting.Yet,drivenbypassion,Bockchosethispathat15,startingathree-yeartrainingprogramunderGermany’ssystem.Thisinvolvedweeklytheoreticallessonsatavocationalschoolandpracticaltraininginabakery.Aftercompletingthis,hebecameabakeryworkerbutpursuedfurtheradvancedtrainingforfiveadditionalyears.Finally,hepassedarigorousfour-dayexaminationcoveringbakingtechniques,display,ethics,law,andfinancetoearnhismasterbakercertification—anachievementheproudlydisplaysalongsidehisfather’scertificateinhisshop.In2008,BockwasinvitedtobakefortheBeijingOlympics,whichdeepenedhisconnectiontoChinaanditsculture.Originallyplanningashortstay,hesettledinBeijing.Dissatisfiedwhileworkingatanotherbakeryduetoreductionsinthefreshnessofproducts,heopenedhisownshopwithhiswife’ssupport.HissignatureproductisthetraditionalGermanbrezel,akindofbread,madeonlywithflour,water,yeast,andsalt.BockinsistsonusingGermanflourandstickingstrictlytooriginalrecipestomaintainqualityandstandardization.ForoveradecadeinBeijing,hislifehasfollowedastrictroutine:wakingbefore3:00amtobeginworkandclosingby5:00pm,leavinghimunabletoattendeveningsocialeventsbutensuringcustomersreceivefreshbreaddaily.Inanageofindustrialbakingandnovelflavors,BockremainsdevotedtotraditionalhandcraftedGermanbread.Heavoidsadditives,focusingonthegenuinetasteofgrains.Thiscommitmenthasnotcosthimpopularity;instead,hehasgainedloyalEuropeanandChinesecustomers.SomeevensharethathisbreadbringsbackmemoriesofGermany,supportinghischoices.4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“rigorous”inparagraph2probablymean?A.Unnecessary. B.Strict. C.Boring. D.Short.5.WhatcanbelearnedaboutBock’sbrezel?A.Itissoldonlyintheevening.B.Itcontainsadditivesforbettertaste.C.ItfollowsoriginalGermanrecipes.D.ItusesChineseflourandnewrecipes.6.WhichwordcanbestdescribeBockasabakeraccordingtothetext?A.Committed. B.Lazy. C.Impatient. D.Creative.7.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.PopularbakersfromBeijing. B.AGermanbakeryinBeijing.C.Bock’sfamilybackground. D.ThehistoryofGermanbread.【正确答案】4.B5.C6.A7.B【导语】文章主要介绍了在北京经营德式面包店的德国烘焙师MichaelBock凭借对传统烘焙的执着坚守收获大量忠实顾客的故事。【4题详解】词句猜测题。根据上文“Yet,drivenbypassion,Bockchosethispathat15,startingathree-yeartrainingprogramunderGermany’ssystem.Thisinvolvedweeklytheoreticallessonsatavocationalschoolandpracticaltraininginabakery.Aftercompletingthis,hebecameabakeryworkerbutpursuedfurtheradvancedtrainingforfiveadditionalyears.(然而，怀揣一腔热忱，博克15岁便选择了这条路，在德国学制体系下开启为期三年的学徒培训。培训内容包括每周在职业学校学习理论课程，以及在面包房进行实操练习。结业后，他成了一名面包师，之后又继续深造、参加了五年的高阶专业培训。)”可知，经过多年的学习，最终，他通过一场为期四天、考核内容涵盖烘焙技艺、产品陈列、行业道德、相关法规与财务管理的严苛考试，拿到烘焙大师资质证书。由此可知，rigorous意为“严苛的，严厉的”。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“BockinsistsonusingGermanflourandstickingstrictlytooriginalrecipestomaintainqualityandstandardization.(博克坚持选用德国面粉，严格遵循原始配方，以此把控品质、实现标准化生产。)”可知，关于博克的椒盐卷饼，我们能获知博克遵循德国原版配方。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“BockinsistsonusingGermanflourandstickingstrictlytooriginalrecipestomaintainqualityandstandardization.(博克坚持选用德国面粉，严格遵循原始配方，以此把控品质、实现标准化生产。)”和最后一段“Inanageofindustrialbakingandnovelflavors,BockremainsdevotedtotraditionalhandcraftedGermanbread.(在工业化烘焙、新式口味盛行的时代，博克始终潜心钻研传统德式手工面包。)”可知，面包师博克是专注坚守的、尽心尽责的。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“MichaelBock’sGermanBakeryinBeijingmaybesmallandlocatedawayfromthecitycenter,butitsGermanbreadconsistentlyattractscustomersfromalloverthecapital.(迈克尔・博克的北京德国面包店店面不大，位置还远离市中心，但店里的德式面包总能源源不断吸引来自北京全城的食客。)”可知，文章主要介绍了北京的一家德国面包店。CImagineyourselfinabusyTokyomarket,surroundedbyincrediblefood,butyoustillendupatafamiliarMcDonald’s.Or,yougiveuponthatdreamtriptoChina’sancienttemplesbecausedealingwithMandarinseemstoohard.ThesesituationsarecommonformillionsofAmericans.Theirtravelchoicesareoftenshapedmorebylanguageworriesthanbytheirsimpledesiretotravel.AnewsurveyfromPreplyrevealsastrikingdisconnectbetweenintentionandaction.While80%ofAmericansagreeit’simportanttolearnafewwordsbeforetravelingabroad,only58%actuallydoso.Furthermore,40%admittolast-minutelanguagestudyattheairport,comparedtojust25%whostartpracticingmonthsinadvance.Mostnotably,nearlyone-thirdofAmericanswhohavetraveledabroadintentionallychoosedestinationswheretheywon’tneedtospeakaforeignlanguage,rulingoutregionsbeforetheyevenstartplanning.Thereasonsforavoidinglanguagelearningarevaried.37%believeitissimplytoodifficult,while35%assumeEnglishiswidelyspokenenoughtogetby.Othersciteaself-perceivedlackoftalentforlanguages,lackofpreparationtime,orfearofoffendinglocals.Whenfacedwithlanguagebarriers,Americansemployvariousmethodstomanagethem.Themostcommonispointingatmenus.Otherapproachesincludemakingpronunciationmistakes,relyingontravelcompanions,andusingtranslationappsonlyafterarrival.MoreproblematicbehaviorsincludespeakingEnglishslowlyandloudlyorevencopyinglocalaccents.Ontheotherhand,thebenefitsoflearningevenbasiclocalphrasesaresubstantial.Overhalfoftravelersfindgettingaroundeasier.Nearlyhalfreportmoreenjoyableinteractionswithlocalsandsmootherdailytaskslikeorderingfood.Emotionally,47%feeltreatedmorepositively,45%experienceastrongerculturalconnection,and43%havelessstress.Thebroaderimpactisclear:45%ofAmericanssaytheywouldtravelmoreiftheyspokeaforeignlanguage.Thisanxietynotonlyaffectspeople’schoiceofdestinationsbutalsodecideswhethertheytravelabroadinthefirstplace.Asonelanguageexpertnotes,learningjustafewsimplephrasescantransformatrip,makingitmoremeaningfulandrewarding,movingtravelersfromhesitationtoconnection.8.WhatdoesthesurveyfromPreplyshowaboutAmericans?A.Mostofthemstartlanguagestudymonthsbeforetravel.B.Mostofthemfindtranslationappsuselessduringtravel.C.Fewofthemchoosedestinationswithforeignlanguages.D.Overhalfofthemlearnafewwordsbeforegoingabroad.9.WhatdomostAmericansdowhenfacinglanguagebarriersduringtravel?A.Pointatmenustocommunicate. B.SpeakEnglishslowlyandloudly.C.Copylocalaccentsintentionally. D.Turntotravelcompanionsforhelp.10.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardslearningbasiclocalphrases?A.Doubtful. B.Conservative. C.Favorable. D.Critical.11.Whatcanweinferfromthetext?A.Englishiswidelyspokenworldwide. B.MostAmericanshatelearningforeignlanguages.C.Culturalconnectiondependsonlocalphrases. D.LanguageanxietylimitsAmericans’travel.【正确答案】8.D9.A10.C11.D【导语】本文介绍了一项关于美国人出国旅行语言焦虑的调查结果及其影响。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的“While80%ofAmericansagreeit’simportanttolearnafewwordsbeforetravelingabroad,only58%actuallydoso.(虽然80%的美国人同意出国前学几个单词很重要，但只有58%的人真正做到)”以及“Mostnotably,nearlyone-thirdofAmericanswhohavetraveledabroadintentionallychoosedestinationswheretheywon'tneedtospeakaforeignlanguage(最值得注意的是，近三分之一的美国出国旅行者有意选择不需要说外语的目的地)”可知，超过一半(58%)的人确实会在出国前学几个单词，但近三分之一的人选择不需要外语的目的地。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段的“Whenfacedwithlanguagebarriers,Americansemployvariousmethodstomanagethem.Themostcommonispointingatmenus.Otherapproachesincludemakingpronunciationmistakes,relyingontravelcompanions,andusingtranslationappsonlyafterarrival.(当遇到语言障碍时，美国人会采用各种方法来解决。最常见的是指着菜单。其他方法包括发音错误、依赖旅伴以及仅在到达后使用翻译应用)”可知，面对语言障碍时，大多数美国人最常用的方法是指着菜单交流。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段的“Ontheotherhand,thebenefitsoflearningevenbasiclocalphrasesaresubstantial.Overhalfoftravelersfindgettingaroundeasier.Nearlyhalfreportmoreenjoyableinteractionswithlocalsandsmootherdailytaskslikeorderingfood.Emotionally,47%feeltreatedmorepositively,45%experienceastrongerculturalconnection,and43%havelessstress.(另一方面，即使是学习基本的当地短语也有很大的好处。超过一半的旅行者觉得出行更方便。近一半的人表示，与当地人的互动更愉快，点餐等日常工作也更顺畅。在情感上，47%的人感受到更积极的对待，45%的人感受到更强的文化联系，43%的人感受到更少的压力)”以及最后一段引用语言专家的话“Asonelanguageexpertnotes,learningjustafewsimplephrasescantransformatrip,makingitmoremeaningfulandrewarding,movingtravelersfromhesitationtoconnection.(正如一位语言专家所指出的，学习几个简单的短语就能改变一次旅行，让它变得更有意义、更有价值，让旅行者从犹豫变成联系)”可知，作者对学习基本当地短语持支持态度。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Thisanxietynotonlyaffectspeople'schoiceofdestinationsbutalsodecideswhethertheytravelabroadinthefirstplace.(这种焦虑不仅影响人们对目的地的选择，还决定了他们是否首先出国旅行)”可知，语言焦虑限制了美国人的旅行。DSwitzerland’sglaciersexperiencedseveremeltingin2025,withtheirtotalvolumedecreasingby3%,accordingtoarecentreportfromtheSwissglaciermonitoringgroupGLAMOSandtheSwissAcademyofSciences.Thismarksthefourth-largestannualicelossonrecord,followingtheannualicelossesin2022,2023,and2003.Thecombinedeffectofsuchmeltingoverthepastdecadehasbeendestructive,resultinginalossofone-quarterofSwitzerland’stotalglaciericemass.Scientistsdescribedtheglacialmeltingas“enormous”thisyear.Theprimarycauseswereacombinationofalow-snowfallwinterandintenseheatwavesduringJuneandAugust.June2025wasrecordedasthesecond-warmestJuneinhistory,whichledtotheearlyreductionofsnowreservesbyearlyJuly.Consequently,theicemassesbegantomeltearlierthaneverobserved,speedinguptheoveralldecline.MatthiasHuss,headofGLAMOSandaglaciologistatETHZurichUniversity,emphasizedthathuman-causedglobalwarmingisthefundamentalcause.“Glaciersareclearlyfadingbecauseofglobalwarmingrelatedtohumanactivity,”hestated,notingthatthisisthemaindriverbehindthefastermeltingwitnessedinrecentyears.Theimplicationsofthisrapidicelossarefar-reaching.Switzerland,whichishometonearly1,400glaciers—themostinEurope—seesitsglaciersascriticalresources.Theyinfluencehydropowergeneration,tourism,agriculture,andwatersupplyacrossmanyEuropeannations.Theenvironmentalchangesarealreadynoticeable:morethan1,000smallglaciersinSwitzerlandhavecompletelydisappeared.Beyondresourcemanagement,themeltingglaciersaredirectlychangingSwitzerland’sphysicallandscape.Thereductionoficeiscausingmountainstobecomeunstableandshift,increasingtheriskofrockandicecollapses.ThiswasclearlyillustratedinMay2025,whenamassivesectionofrockandicebrokeoffaglacier,thunderingdownamountainsideandnearlyburyingthesouthernvillageofBlatten.ThiseventhasputSwissauthoritiesinastateofheightenedcautionforsimilarincidentsinthefuture.Theconsistentandmorerapidmeltingservesasaclearindicatoroftheongoingclimatecrisis,underscoringtheurgentneedforglobalactiontoaddressitsrootcauses.12.Howdoestheauthorpresenttheseverityofglacialmeltinginparagraph1?A.Byexplainingscientifictheories. B.Byinterviewinglocalvillagers.C.Bylistingrelatedrecords. D.Byintroducingresearchmethods.13.WhathascausedtheearliermeltingofSwissglaciersin2025?A.Frequentrockandicecollapses.B.HightemperaturesinJuneandAugust.C.Reducedhydropowergenerationneeds.D.Therecord-lownumberofsmallglaciers.14.WhatdoestheauthorwanttoshowbymentioningtheBlattenvillage?A.Thedangerofglacialcollapses. B.TheworkofSwissauthorities.C.Thedeclineofresources. D.Thechangeofphysicallandscape.15.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A.TointroduceGLAMOS’snewreport.B.TopromotetourisminSwitzerland.C.Totracktheprocessofglaciermelting.D.Tocallforactionagainstclimatecrisis.【正确答案】12.C13.B14.A15.D【导语】本文介绍了2025年瑞士冰川严重融化的现状及其影响，呼吁全球采取行动应对气候危机。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段的描述“Thismarksthefourth-largestannualicelossonrecord,followingtheannualicelossesin2022,2023,and2003.Thecombinedeffectofsuchmeltingoverthepastdecadehasbeendestructive,resultinginalossofone-quarterofSwitzerland'stotalglaciericemass.(这是有记录以来第四大年度冰量损失，仅次于2022年、2023年和2003年的年度冰量损失。过去十年这种融化的综合影响是毁灭性的，导致瑞士冰川总冰量损失了四分之一。)”可知，作者通过列举相关记录来呈现冰川融化的严重性。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的句子“Theprimarycauseswereacombinationofalow-snowfallwinterandintenseheatwavesduringJuneandAugust.June2025wasrecordedasthesecond-warmestJuneinhistory,whichledtotheearlyreductionofsnowreservesbyearlyJuly.(主要原因是降雪量少的冬季以及6月和8月的强烈热浪。2025年6月是有记录以来第二热的6月，导致7月初雪储量提前减少。)”可知，2025年瑞士冰川提前融化是由6月和8月的高温造成的。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段的描述“Thereductionoficeiscausingmountainstobecomeunstableandshift,increasingtheriskofrockandicecollapses.ThiswasclearlyillustratedinMay2025,whenamassivesectionofrockandicebrokeoffaglacier,thunderingdownamountainsideandnearlyburyingthesouthernvillageofBlatten.(冰量减少导致山体不稳定和移动，增加了岩石和冰崩塌的风险。2025年5月，一大块岩石和冰从冰川断裂，轰隆隆地冲下山坡，几乎掩埋了南部村庄布拉滕，清楚地说明了这一点。)”可知，作者提及布拉滕村庄是为了展示冰川崩塌的危险。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段的句子“Theconsistentandmorerapidmeltingservesasaclearindicatoroftheongoingclimatecrisis,underscoringtheurgentneedforglobalactiontoaddressitsrootcauses.(持续且更快的融化是持续气候危机的明确指标，强调了解决其根源问题的全球行动的紧迫需求。)”可知，作者写作目的是呼吁采取行动应对气候危机。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Illeism:TheAncientTricktoHelpYouThinkMoreWiselyAsawriterspecialisinginpsychology,I’vecomeacrosshundredsofevidence-basedtipsforbetterthinking.Fewhaveprovenasusefultomeastheancientstrategyofilleism.Putsimply,illeismisthepracticeoftalkingaboutoneselfinthethirdpersonratherthanthefirstperson.

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IntheemperorJuliusCaesar’saccountoftheGallicWar,forexample,hewrote“Caesaravengedthepublic”ratherthan“Iavengedthepublic”.Tothemodernear,illeismcansoundalittlesillyorself-important.____17____Ifwearetryingtomakeadifficultdecision,speakingaboutourselvesinthethirdpersoncanhelptoreducetheemotionsthatcouldleadourthinkingofftrack,allowingustofindawisersolutiontoourproblem.____18____Thisisbecausewhenmakingpersonalchoices,webecometoocaughtupinouremotions,whichcloudourthinkingandpreventusfromputtingourissuesinperspective.Ifwehavereceivednegativefeedbackfromacolleague,forexample,ourfeelingofembarrassmentmightleadustobecomeoverlyself-defensive.Byswitchingtothethirdperson,ourdescriptionsofthesituationwillstarttosoundasifwearetalkingaboutsomeoneelseratherthanourselves.____19____Byencouragingustoputourproblemsinperspective,theuseofilleismmayalsohelpustohaveamorebalancedresponsetodailystresses.Nexttimeyoufaceachallengingsituation,tryreferringtoyourselfas“he”or“she”insteadof“I”.____20____A.Trythistechnique.B.Politiciansoftenusethismethod.C.Thiscreateshelpfuldistancefromemotions.D.Sowhydoemotionsaffectourdecisionssomuch?E.Yetresearchshowsilleismbringsrealthinkingbenefits.F.However,lackofobjectivitycanbeproblematicwhenchoosing.G.Youmightbesurprisedathowmuchcleareryourthinkingbecomes.【正确答案】16.B17.E18.D19.C20.G【导语】文章主要介绍了第三人称自称法这种帮你更理智思考的古老技巧。【16题详解】根据上文“Putsimply,illeismisthepracticeoftalkingaboutoneselfinthethirdpersonratherthanthefirstperson.(简言之，自称时使用第三人称指说话人不用第一人称，而是以第三人称指代自己的语言习惯。)”和下文“

IntheemperorJuliusCaesar’saccountoftheGallicWar,forexample,hewrote“Caesaravengedthepublic”ratherthan“Iavengedthepublic”.(比如古罗马皇帝尤利乌斯・凯撒在《高卢战记》里记述战事时，写的是“凯撒替民众报了仇”，而非“我替民众报了仇”。)”可知，上文解释第三人称自称法定义：用第三人称谈论自己；下文举凯撒写书用本名自称的实例。空格需要过渡句，说明该用法使用者群体。B项“Politiciansoftenusethismethod.(政客们常会使用这种方法。)”符合语境。【17题详解】根据上文“Tothemodernear,illeismcansoundalittlesillyorself-important.(在现代人听来，自称时使用第三人称的说话方式听起来略显滑稽，或是显得自大。)”和下文“Ifwearetryingtomakeadifficultdecision,speakingaboutourselvesinthethirdpersoncanhelptoreducetheemotionsthatcouldleadourthinkingofftrack,allowingustofindawisersolutiontoourproblem.(但如果我们要做出艰难抉择，用第三人称指代自己说话有助于平复情绪，避免思绪被情绪带偏，从而帮我们想出更稳妥的解决办法。)”可知，上文指出现代人对自称时使用第三人称的说话方式的负面观感，下文指出这种方法的实际益处。上下文形成转折关系。E项“Yetresearchshowsilleismbringsrealthinkingbenefits.(但研究表明他称法对思维确有好处)”承接上文负面印象，引出下文实际好处。【18题详解】根据下文“Thisisbecausewhenmakingpersonalchoices,webecometoocaughtupinouremotions,whichcloudourthinkingandpreventusfromputtingourissuesinperspective.(这是因为在做个人抉择时，我们极易深陷自身情绪之中，而情绪会扰乱思绪，让我们无法客观理性地看待问题。)”可知，下文Thisisbecause（这是因为）引导原因解释，说明人做决定时容易被情绪裹挟、蒙蔽理智。空处必然是提出疑问。D项“Sowhydoemotionsaffectourdecisionssomuch?(那为何情绪会大幅左右我们的抉择？)”符合语境。【19题详解】根据上文“Byswitchingtothethirdperson,ourdescriptionsofthesituationwillstarttosoundasifwearetalkingaboutsomeoneelseratherthanourselves.(改用第三人称叙述后，我们对处境的描述听起来就如同在谈论旁人，而非自身。)”和下文“Byencouragingustoputourproblemsinperspective,theuseofilleismmayalsohelpustohaveamorebalancedresponsetodailystresses.(借助自称时使用第三人称能促使我们客观看待问题，还有助于我们以更平和理性的心态应对日常压力。)”可知，上文指出换成第三人称，描述事情如同在谈论别人，下文指出客观看待问题，平稳应对日常压力。空处承接上文行为，说明该做法带来的效果。C项“Thiscreateshelpfuldistancefromemotions.(这能帮我们和负面情绪拉开有益的心理距离。)”说明带来的结果。【20题详解】上文“Nexttimeyoufaceachallengingsituation,tryreferringtoyourselfas“he”or“she”insteadof“I”.(下次身处棘手处境时，试着用“他”或“她”指代自己，而不用“我”。)”可知，上文倡议遇到难题试着用他/她代替我称呼自己；空处收尾，讲述尝试之后带来的结果。G项“Youmightbesurprisedathowmuchcleareryourthinkingbecomes.(你会惊讶地发现自己思路清晰很多。)”符合语境。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Amotherofthreewashailed(称颂)asaheroafterhelpingrescuefellowguestsfromamotelfirethatbrokeoutintheearlyhoursofBoxingDay.ElizabethMansonwokeuparound3:00amtofindsmoke____21____herfamily’srentedroom.Afterquicklywakingherchildren,Mansondidn’trunstraightto____22____.Instead,shemadeasplit-second____23____thatwouldchangeeverything—sherandoortodoorthroughthesmoke-filledmotel,shoutingandknockingondoorsto____24____anyonewhowasstillsleeping.“I____25____,‘Wakeup!Fire’”MansontoldCHEKNews.Familiesfled(逃离)withalmostnothing,manybarefootandstillintheirpajamas,asthefire____26____rapidlythroughthebuilding.Withinminutes,flameswere____27____.Despitesufferingfrom____28____asthma(哮喘),Mansonkeptgoing.Herdaughter,21-year-oldTatayanaJimenez,latersaidshewas____29____proudofhermotherforpushingthroughthedangertohelpothers____30____.AmongthosesavedwasNakulJoseph,wholatermetMansonforthefirsttimeandimmediately____31____her.“Thankyouforsavingourlives,”hetoldher.Josephsaidhehadonlysecondstoescapeand____32____jumpingfromasecond-floorbalcony—callingitoneofthe____33____momentsofhislife.Manson,overwhelmedbytheaftermath,saidshewassimply____34____thatshewasawakewhenitmatteredmost.Manson’sselflessactnotonlysavednumerouslivesbutalsoservedasa(n)____35____exampleofcourageandhumanityinthefaceofdanger.21.A.stretching B.clearing C.filling D.infecting22.A.ruins B.safety C.anxiety D.crises23.A.mistake B.deal C.plan D.decision24.A.wake B.identify C.treat D.fetch25.A.whispered B.argued C.screamed D.claimed26.A.controlled B.spread C.carved D.called27.A.dizzy B.universal C.gentle D.visible28.A.severe B.obvious C.loose D.internal29.A.relevantly B.consciously C.incredibly D.symbolically30.A.fight B.escape C.locate D.slip31.A.retrained B.persuaded C.observed D.hugged32.A.reliedon B.adaptedto C.endedup D.focusedon33.A.scariest B.fairest C.sweetest D.worst34.A.motivated B.grateful C.anxious D.puzzled35.A.abstract B.frightening C.creative D.inspiring【正确答案】21.C22.B23.D24.A25.C26.B27.D28.A29.C30.B31.D32.C33.A34.B35.D【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了三位孩子的母亲ElizabethManson在节礼日凌晨汽车旅馆火灾中，不顾自身安危挨户敲门救人，被称颂为英雄的故事。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：ElizabethManson在凌晨3点左右醒来，发现烟雾充满了家人租住的房间。A.stretching伸展；B.clearing清理；C.filling充满；D.infecting感染。根据前文“motelfirethat