2026届山西省晋城市高三考前模拟考试英语试题 含答案

/2026年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语样卷（二）本试卷共150分考试时间120分钟注意事项：1．答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段录音。每段录音后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段录音后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段录音播放两遍。1.Whichpetisallowedinthisapartmentbuilding?A.An8-kilogramcat.B.A12-kilogramsnake.C.A21-kilogramdog.2.Whydidthewomanchangeherplan?A.Sheprefersartfestivals.B.Theticketsweresoldout.C.Theconcertwascancelled.3.Whatistheweatherlikeatpresent?A.Cold.B.Rainy.C.Hot.4.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.A“spottheerrors”game.B.AnAI-generatedpainting.C.Apersonwithfunnyhands.5.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodo?A.Introducesomeproducts.B.Showheraround.C.Leaveheralone.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段录音。每段录音后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段录音前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，每小题都有5秒钟的作答时间。每段录音播放两遍。听第6段录音，回答第6、7题。6.WhatdidTomsignupfor?A.Cookinglessons.B.Abread-bakingclass.C.Asoup-makinggroup.7.WhatdidTomlearnlastweek?A.Howtoslicevegetables.B.Howtomakeonionsoup.C.HowtocookFrenchdishes.听第7段录音，回答第8、9题。8.Wheredidthewomanfirsthearaboutthenewmodel?A.Fromherfriend.B.FromtheInternet.C.FromtheTV.9.Whatdoesthemanthinkofonlinenews?A.Ithasmanymisleadingreports.B.Itoffersmorein-depthcoverage.C.Itprovideslatestdailyinformation.听第8段录音，回答第10至12题。10.Whohadanaccident?A.Mike.B.Rachel.C.Grace.11.Whatwillthemando?A.Buysomemagazines.B.Prepareameal.C.Createadietaryplan.12.Wherearethespeakers?A.Atthehospital.B.AtRachel’shome.C.AtGrace’shome.听第9段录音，回答第13至16题。13.Whoarethewoman’slistenersprobably?A.Groupvisitors.B.Newemployees.C.Experiencedtrainers.14.Whatdoesthewomanexpectlistenerstodo?A.Attendstrictly.B.Engageactively.C.Preparematerialscarefully.15.Whichcarriestheleastweightintheassessment?A.Participation.B.Apracticetask.C.Areflectionreport.16.Whatisthewomangoingtodo?A.Giveoutahandbook.B.Assignnewtasks.C.Gothroughalist.听第10段录音，回答第17至20题。17.Whenistheopeningofthe10thStarlightFilmFestival?A.June1st.B.June5th.C.June7th.18.WhatwilltheaudienceenjoyonTuesday?A.Documentaries.B.Asianfilms.C.Amasterclass.19.Whattimewilltheawardceremonybegin?A.At6:30pm.B.At7:00pm.C.At8:00pm.20.Whatisthemostimportantaccordingtothespeaker?A.Theaudience’spassion.B.Theselectionofmovies.C.Theparticipationofvolunteers.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AHikingwithKidsWhenyouinvitekidsforahike,you’llhavetospendextratimegettingready.You’llbetakingcareoftheneedsofatleastonemoreperson,andthatmeansextrajackets,drysocks,andhats.Youmaywonder,“Isthishikeworthallofthetimeittakestoprepare?”·Hikingwithkidsisfun.You’llrememberhowcooltinybugsare,howfunitistogetmuddy,andhowbeautifulbirds,rocks,andbutterfliescanbe.·Walkinginnatureishealthy.Manystudiesmeasurethehealthbenefitsofspendingtimeinnature.Someresearchshowsthat5minutesofwalkinginnatureimprovesmood.Anotherbenefitisimprovedmentalfunctions.WhattodoonahikeDependingontheageofthekids,herearesomeideastokeepyouontrackincaseyounghikersgettiredorhungry.·Listen.Naturalareashostmanywonderfulsounds.Youcantrytoidentifybirdcallsorsimplycountdifferentnaturalnoises,fromwaterflowingtobeesbuzzing.Ifthekidsarealittleolder,theycantrytorecordcoolsoundsandmakenewringtonesfortheirphones.·Observeandrecord.Keepalistofanimalsorplants,oryoucantakephotos.Thekidscankeepajournalwheretheyrecordhikestheytakeandwritedownmemories,descriptions,orstories.·Teachlifeskills.Youcanshowkidshowtoreadamaporpredictastorm.Useabugbiteasanopportunitytoteachbasicfirstaid.Ifyoumaketheefforttoincludekidsonyournexthike,youmayhavesomechallengesonthetrail,butthelong-termbenefitsoutweighthem.1.Whatdoestheauthorthinkaboutpreparingforahikewithkids?A.Achallengeruininghikingfun. B.Ademandingyetworthyeffort.C.Anenjoyableandsimpleprocess. D.Ataskmainlyaboutpackingitems.2.Whatactivitywouldengageolderkidsduringahike?A.Countingdifferentnaturalnoises.B.Learningtopredictweatherchanges.C.Makingphoneringtonesfromnaturesounds.D.Writingdowndescriptionsofplantsoranimals.3.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthistext?A.Toadvertiseequipment. B.Tomotivatefamilyhiking.C.Tocomparehikingbenefits. D.Toinstructonhikingroutines.【正确答案】1.B2.C3.B【导语】主要介绍带孩子徒步的诸多好处，同时列举途中可供孩子参与的各类趣味活动。【1题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Youmaywonder,“Isthishikeworthallofthetimeittakestoprepare?”(你或许会疑惑，花费大量时间准备这场徒步是否值得？)”以及末尾段中的“Ifyoumaketheefforttoincludekidsonyournexthike,youmayhavesomechallengesonthetrail,butthelong-termbenefitsoutweighthem.(如果费心带上孩子徒步，路上虽会遇到难题，但长远收益远超麻烦。)”可知，筹备带娃徒步费心费力，但整体十分值得。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Whattodoonahike部分中的Listen.部分“Ifthekidsarealittleolder,theycantrytorecordcoolsoundsandmakenewringtonesfortheirphones.(如果孩子年纪稍大，他们可以录制奇妙的自然声响，制作成手机新铃声。)”可知，用自然音效制作手机铃声适合年龄偏大的孩子。【3题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是首段中的“Youmaywonder,“Isthishikeworthallofthetimeittakestoprepare?”(你或许会疑惑，花费大量时间准备这场徒步是否值得？)”以及尾段中的“Ifyoumaketheefforttoincludekidsonyournexthike,youmayhavesomechallengesonthetrail,butthelong-termbenefitsoutweighthem.(如果费心带上孩子徒步，路上虽会遇到难题，但长远收益远超麻烦。)”可知，文章介绍亲子徒步的乐趣、健康益处与途中玩法，意在鼓励人们带着孩子参与徒步活动。BInasouthernCaliforniaschooldistrict,eachchildhasalaptop.Theyareexpectedtouseweb-basedwordprocessorsbeforetheyknowhowtotype.Thoughtheyarealsopracticinghandwriting,theyaren’tcominghomewithspellinglistsortests.“Overthenextcoupleofyears,Ihavestartedtounderstand.Theschoolisn’texplicitlyteachingspellinginthewaythatIunderstand,”saidJodiCarreon,astay-at-homeparent.Bythetimehersonreachedtheendofelementaryschool,Carreondecidedtogivehimspellingtutoring.Sheknewlettinghimrelyonerror-correctingtechnologieslikeautocorrectandspellcheckwouldonlymasktheproblem.SoshedownloadedspellinglistsfromtheInternetandreviewedwordswithherchildeveryweek.“I’mnotateacher,”shesaid.“Idon’texactlyknowtheproperwaytodothis.IwouldhelpmychildasbestasIcould,basedontherulesIremember.”WhatCarreondoesn’tknowthenisthatmanyteachersnolongerunderstandhowtoeffectivelyteachspelling,anddon’thavehigh-qualitycurriculumtohelpstudents.Thismaysurpriseparentswhoattendedelementaryschoolinthe1980sandlikelybecameproficientspellersthankstoformalizedspellinginstruction.Complicatingmattersareerror-correctingtechnologies,whichparentsthemselvesmightfavor.ButDrJ.RichardGentry,aneducationresearcher,saysthatwhilesuchtoolscanbehelpfullaterinachild’sschooling,studentsmustlearnthevitalskillofspellingortheymayriskfallingbehindacademically.Hestressesthatparentsneedtobeginpayingcloseattentiontotheirchild’sspellingtowardtheendoffirstgradeandcontinuemonitoringitthroughoutelementaryschool.Carreonhastocobbletogetherat-homespellingresourcesforherchild.Shewishesparentsinherpositioncouldeasilyfindspellingresourcesandsupport.Inadditiontoat-homestudyingwithherchild,she’spaidfortutorsandwritingcoursesforherchild.“We’reinapositiontobeabletodothis,”shesaid.“Butnotallfamiliesare.”4.WhydidCarreonstartteachingherson?A.Toincreasehisself-confidence. B.Tomeethisschool’srequirements.C.Topreparehimforaspellingtest. D.Toimprovehisspellingability.5.Whydoestheauthormentionparentsattendingelementaryschoolinthe1980s?A.Tocomparedifferentacademicsubjects. B.Torecalltheirpleasantschoolmemories.C.Tohighlightchangesinteachingapproaches. D.Toprovetheirsuperiorlearningcompetence.6.WhatdoesGentryadviseparentstodo?A.Employerror-correctingtools. B.Keeptrackofchildren’sspelling.C.Askchildren’steachersforhelp. D.Enhancetheirownspellingskills.7.WhatisCarreon’sconcernaboutspellingeducation?A.Children’slowmotivation. B.Parents’unwillingnesstoengage.C.Inequalityinresourceaccess. D.Shortageofprofessionaltutors.【正确答案】4.D5.C6.B7.C【导语】主要说明了加州小学不再系统开设拼写课，依赖纠错软件，家长只得自行补习，富裕家庭可额外报班，资源不均成为拼写教育隐患。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段““Overthenextcoupleofyears,Ihavestartedtounderstand.Theschoolisn’texplicitlyteachingspellinginthewaythatIunderstand,”saidJodiCarreon,astay-at-homeparent.Bythetimehersonreachedtheendofelementaryschool,Carreondecidedtogivehimspellingtutoring.(“接下来的几年里，我逐渐明白了其中的端倪。学校并没有像我所理解的那样明确地教授拼写知识。”居家育儿的乔迪·卡雷翁说道。等到她儿子小学毕业时，卡雷翁决定给他提供拼写辅导)”可知，卡雷翁开始教她的儿子是为了提高他的拼写能力。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“WhatCarreondoesn’tknowthenisthatmanyteachersnolongerunderstandhowtoeffectivelyteachspelling,anddon’thavehigh-qualitycurriculumtohelpstudents.Thismaysurpriseparentswhoattendedelementaryschoolinthe1980sandlikelybecameproficientspellersthankstoformalizedspellinginstruction.(而卡雷翁所不知道的是，如今许多教师已不再懂得如何有效地教授拼写知识，而且也没有高质量的课程来帮助学生学习。这可能会让那些在20世纪80年代上过小学，并因正规的拼写教学而自己成为熟练拼写者的家长感到惊讶)”可知，作者提及20世纪80年代时父母还在上小学的情况是为了突出教学方法的变化。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段“Hestressesthatparentsneedtobeginpayingcloseattentiontotheirchild’sspellingtowardtheendoffirstgradeandcontinuemonitoringitthroughoutelementaryschool.(他强调，家长需要在孩子一年级末就开始密切关注其拼写情况，并在整个小学阶段持续进行监督)”可知，格尼特建议家长们记录孩子们的拼写情况。【7题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段““We’reinapositiontobeabletodothis,”shesaid.“Butnotallfamiliesare.”(“我们有能力做到这一点，”她说道，“但并非所有家庭都能做到。”)”可知，卡雷翁担心拼写教育资源获取的不平等。CFromancientphilosopherstomodern-dayscientists,thepursuitofknowledgehasbeenseenasinherentlygood.Butwhatifthatassumptioniswrong?Anewstudypresentsanideathat’sshakinguphowwethinkaboutscientificprogress.EconomistsKaushikBasuofCornellUniversityandJörgenWeibulloftheStockholmSchoolofEconomicshaveuncoveredaphenomenonwhereincreasedunderstandingofaproblemcanreduceoverallwelfare.“Greaterknowledgeisalwaysanadvantageforarational(理性的)individual,”theresearchersnote.“However,foragroupofrationalindividuals,greaterknowledgecanbackfire.”Tounderstandthisconcept,considerasimplifiedexample.Imagineasocietywhereeveryonewearsmasksduringthefluseasonbecausetheyknowitgenerallyreducestransmission.Overall,thisleadstofewerillnessesandbetterpublichealth.Nowscientistsdiscoverawaytopreciselymeasurethecontagiousness(传染性)ofdifferentflustrainseachday.Armedwiththisnewknowledge,peoplemayonlywearmasksonthemostcontagiousdays.Whilethisseemsrationalforeachindividual,theresultisthatmask-wearingdeclinesoverallandmorepeoplegetsickintheend.Theresearchersalsodemonstratethiseffectusinggametheory—mathematicalmodelsofstrategicinteractionsbetweenrationaldecision-makers.Theyshowhowincertaintypesof“games”orscenarios,playerswithmoreknowledgeaboutthesituationwillmakechoicesthatleaveeveryoneworseoffcomparedtowhentheyhadlessinformation.Whilethestudypaintsapotentiallydarkpicture,theresearchersalsoofferhope.Theypointoutthatcultivatingstrongersocialnormsandmoralmotivationscouldhelpmatchindividualandcollectiveinterests.Byencouragingpeopletoconsiderthegreatergood,notjusttheirowninterests,wemightbeabletoemploythepowerofknowledgewithoutfallingvictimtoitsdangers,leadingtoabrighterworldforall.Aswecontinuetopushtheboundariesofhumanunderstanding,thisworkservesasatimelyreminderthatinformationisn’talwaysbenign.Managingthepowerofknowledgeresponsiblymaybeoneofthechallengesofourinformationage,whichwemustmeettoensurethatourquestforknowledgetrulybringspositivecollectiveoutcomes.8.Whatdoesthenewstudychallenge?A.Thebeliefthatsocialcooperationisalwaysnecessary.B.Theideathatmoreknowledgeisuniversallybeneficial.C.Thereliabilityofscientificfindings.D.Thesignificanceofindividualchoices.9.Whatdoesthemaskexampleillustrate?A.Thepublicshouldfollowhealthregulations.B.Sciencecanhelppeoplemakesensibledecisions.C.Rationalindividualchoicesmayharmgroups.D.Personalsafetydependsonsecuretechnology.10.Whatdotheresearchersrecommendtoensureabetterworld?A.Strengtheningsharedvalues. B.Promotingscientificexploration.C.Enhancingpersonaljudgement. D.Expandinginformationresources.11.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“benign”inthelastparagraphprobablymean?A.Available. B.Relevant. C.Accurate. D.Harmless.【正确答案】8.B9.C10.A11.D【导语】主要介绍一项新研究颠覆了“知识越多越有益”的传统观点，阐释知识对集体的负面作用并给出解决办法。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Fromancientphilosopherstomodern-dayscientists,thepursuitofknowledgehasbeenseenasinherentlygood.Butwhatifthatassumptioniswrong?Anewstudypresentsanideathat’sshakinguphowwethinkaboutscientificprogress.(从古代哲学家到现代科学家，追求知识一直被视为本质上是有益的。但如果这个假设是错误的呢？一项新研究提出的观点正在颠覆我们对科学进步的认知。)”可知，这项新研究挑战了知识越多就普遍有益的固有观点。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Whilethisseemsrationalforeachindividual,theresultisthatmask-wearingdeclinesoverallandmorepeoplegetsickintheend.(虽然这对每个人来说都是理性的选择，但结果是整体口罩佩戴率下降，最终更多人患病。)”可知，个体看似理性的选择，最终会损害集体整体利益。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Theypointoutthatcultivatingstrongersocialnormsandmoralmotivationscouldhelpmatchindividualandcollectiveinterests.(他们指出，培养更强大的社会规范和道德动机有助于平衡个人利益和集体利益。)”可知，强化社会共同价值观、道德准则能够助力营造更好的发展局面。【11题详解】词句猜测题。根据最后一段中的“Aswecontinuetopushtheboundariesofhumanunderstanding,thisworkservesasatimelyreminderthatinformationisn’talwaysbenign.Managingthepowerofknowledgeresponsiblymaybeoneofthechallengesofourinformationage,whichwemustmeettoensurethatourquestforknowledgetrulybringspositivecollectiveoutcomes.(随着我们持续突破人类认知的边界，这项研究及时提醒：信息并不总是benign。负责任地掌控知识的力量，或许是信息时代的挑战之一，我们必须直面该挑战，以确保我们对知识的探求真正带来整体的积极成果。)”可知，前文打破“知识皆有益”的固有认知，说明信息存在弊端，由此可推断画线单词表示“无害的”。DTheEarth’soceanswerehotterin2025thaninanyotheryearsincemodernmeasurementsbegan,markingadangerousnewrecord.NewanalysispublishedinAdvancesinAtmosphericSciencesonFridayfoundthattheupper2,000metersoftheoceanabsorbedarecord-settingamountofenergymorethanin2024—equaltoroughly37timesmoreenergythantheworldconsumedin2023.Thestudyexaminedoceanheatcontent,whichmeasureshowmuchexcessheatenergytheworld’soceansstoreovertime.Trackingoceantemperaturesisakeywayscientistsmonitorlong-termclimatechange.That’sbecauseouroceansplayakeyroleinregulatingtheimpactofglobalcarbonemissionsinouratmosphere—absorbingabout90%oftheexcessheattrappedbygreenhousegasesoverthepastcentury.Researchersalsonotedthatglobalaveragesea-surfacetemperaturesin2025werethethirdhighestonrecordandremainedabout0.5°Cabovethe1981—2010average.Someareasarewarmingfaster—thewarmestareasincludedtheSouthAtlanticandNorthPacificOceans,andtheSouthernOcean.Asoceansgethotter,aseriesofclimateimpactsarebeingreleased.Warmeroceanscontributetorisingsealevelsandfuelmoreextremeweather.Thisincludesincreasingtheintensityofhurricaneswhiledecreasingthespeedatwhichtheytravel—meaningtheyremainlongerinonelocationwhentheymakelandfall,potentiallyleavingmoredestructionintheirwake.We’realreadyseeingtheimpacts—lastyearwasonlythesecondyearinrecordedhistoryinwhichatleastthreeCategory5hurricanesformedintheAtlanticbasin.Risingoceantemperaturesalsocontributetothelossofcoralreefs(珊瑚礁),whichhelpsupportfisheries,andprotectcoastlinesfromrisingsealevels.A2025reportfoundthatwarm-watercoralreefsarepassingtheirtippingpoint,with80%experiencingunprecedentedheatwaves,bleachingevents,anddieback.Today’sreportraisesalarmbellsabouttheclimateimpactstheworldstandstofaceduetooceanwarming.Theauthorsnotethat,withoutglobaleffortstoreduceemissions,temperatureswillonlycontinuetorise.12.Howdoestheauthorintroducetheissueinparagraph1?A.Byquotingexpertopinions. B.Bypresentingkeystatistics.C.Bydescribinganaturalscene. D.Bygivinghistoricalbackground.13.Whatroledotheoceansplay?A.Releasinggreenhousegases. B.Drivingglobalfishingpatterns.C.Regulatingtheglobalclimatesystem. D.Consumingmosthuman-producedenergy.14.Whatdoesparagraph4suggestaboutlandfallinghurricanes?A.Shorterseason,lessrain. B.Longerstay,greaterharm.C.Fastertravel,widerspread. D.Fewerstorms,weakerwinds.15.Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.SavingCoralReefsfromExtinction B.TheScienceofHurricaneFormationC.NewMethodsforClimateMonitoring D.ARecord-BreakingYearforOceanHeat【正确答案】12.B13.C14.B15.D【导语】文章主要说明了2025年全球海洋上层2000米吸热创历史新高，海表温度居历史第三。海洋升温引发海平面上升、飓风加剧、珊瑚白化，亟需全球减排。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“TheEarth’soceanswerehotterin2025thaninanyotheryearsincemodernmeasurementsbegan,markingadangerousnewrecord.NewanalysispublishedinAdvancesinAtmosphericSciencesonFridayfoundthattheupper2,000metersoftheoceanabsorbedarecord-settingamountofenergymorethanin2024—equaltoroughly37timesmoreenergythantheworldconsumedin2023.(2025年地球的海洋温度比自现代测量开始以来的任何其他年份都要高，这创下了危险的新纪录。周五发表在《大气科学进展》杂志上的新分析发现，海洋上层2000米吸收的能量比2024年多出了一倍多——大约是2023年全球消耗能量的37倍)”可知，作者在第一段通过展示关键数据引入话题。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“That’sbecauseouroceansplayakeyroleinregulatingtheimpactofglobalcarbonemissionsinouratmosphere—absorbingabout90%oftheexcessheattrappedbygreenhousegasesoverthepastcentury.(这是因为我们的海洋在调节全球碳排放对大气的影响方面发挥着关键作用——在过去的一个世纪里，海洋吸收了由温室气体所捕获的大部分多余热量的90%)”可知，海洋调控全球气候系统。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“Thisincludesincreasingtheintensityofhurricaneswhiledecreasingthespeedatwhichtheytravel—meaningtheyremainlongerinonelocationwhentheymakelandfall,potentiallyleavingmoredestructionintheirwake.(这包括增强飓风的强度，同时降低其移动速度——这意味着当飓风登陆时，会在一个地点停留更长时间，从而可能造成更大的破坏)”可知，登陆型飓风长期停留，危害更大。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“TheEarth’soceanswerehotterin2025thaninanyotheryearsincemodernmeasurementsbegan,markingadangerousnewrecord.NewanalysispublishedinAdvancesinAtmosphericSciencesonFridayfoundthattheupper2,000metersoftheoceanabsorbedarecord-settingamountofenergymorethanin2024—equaltoroughly37timesmoreenergythantheworldconsumedin2023.(2025年地球的海洋温度比自现代测量开始以来的任何其他年份都要高，这创下了危险的新纪录。周五发表在《大气科学进展》杂志上的新分析发现，海洋上层2000米吸收的能量超过2024年的水平——大约是2023年全球消耗能量的37倍)”结合文章主要说明了2025年全球海洋上层2000米吸热创历史新高，海表温度居历史第三。海洋升温引发海平面上升、飓风加剧、珊瑚白化，亟需全球减排。可知，D选项“海洋热量创历史新高的一年”最符合文章标题。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HowtoExerciseforBetterSleepSleepandexerciseworktogetherlikepartsofamachine.____16____Qualitysleepsupportsrecovery,whileexercisereleasesusefulbrainchemicals,lowersstressandcanhelpyoufallasleepfaster.____17____Forthosebattlinginsomnia(失眠),therulescanbedifferent.Peoplewithinsomnia—poorsleepatleastthreenightsaweekforoverthreemonths—aremoresensitivetoexercise.“Peoplewithsevereinsomniatendtohaveaveryactivestresssystem,”saidDrChristopherKlineattheUniversityofPittsburgh.Stressorstendtohaveanexaggeratedresponseinthebody,andrecoveryfromthephysicaldemandsofexercisemaybeslower.Afteraveryhardworkout,youmightexpecttocrash,but“youcan’texerciseyourselftosleep,”saidDrKellyBaronattheUniversityofUtah.Moderateactivities,likewalking,joggingorcycling,aremostoftenlinkedwithbettersleep.____18____KevinMorganatLoughboroughUniversitynotedthateventopathletescansleepbadly.Exerciseisnotrecommendednearbedtime.Overworkedmusclescankeepyouawake.Overtrainingisanotherrisk:Astudylinkedmorethansixintensesessionsaweekwithtroublefallingasleep.Timingmatterstoo:Astudyfoundactivityafter8pmwasassociatedwithlesssleep.____19____Researchershavenotsetoneperfectroutine,butalarge-scaleanalysissuggestedmoderateaerobicexercise(有氧运动)pluslightstrengthtraining,mind-bodypractices(likeyogaortaichi)andstandardinsomniatreatment.____20____DrCheriD.MahattheStanfordSleepMedicineCenterwarnedthatbigtrainingchangescanmakeinsomniaworse,socheckintensity,frequencyandtiming.DrKlinerecommendedexercisingatthesametimeeachdaytosupportyourbodyclock.A.Walkingeverydayisgoodforsleep.B.Morningexerciseimprovessleepquality.C.Thiscombinationcansignificantlyimprovesleep.D.Whenoneturnssmoothly,theotheroftenfollows.E.Justasthebenefitsgohand-in-hand,sodothedisadvantages.F.Intenseexerciseendingwithinonehourofbedmaydisruptsleep.G.High-intensitywork,likeahalf-marathon,candelayfallingasleep.【正确答案】16.D17.E18.G19.F20.C【导语】主要讲述运动与睡眠相辅相成，介绍不同强度、时段的运动对睡眠的影响及科学运动方案。【16题详解】根据前文“Sleepandexerciseworktogetherlikepartsofamachine.(睡眠和运动如同机器零件一般配合协作。)”以及后文“Qualitysleepsupportsrecovery,whileexercisereleasesusefulbrainchemicals,lowersstressandcanhelpyoufallasleepfaster.(优质睡眠助力身体恢复，运动分泌有益脑部的化学物质、减压并加快入睡。)”可知，此处承接二者联动的比喻，D选项“Whenoneturnssmoothly,theotheroftenfollows.(一方顺畅运转，另一方也随之正常运作)”承接机器的比喻，引出后文二者互相促进的好处，符合语境。【17题详解】根据后文“Forthosebattlinginsomnia(失眠),therulescanbedifferent.Peoplewithinsomnia—poorsleepatleastthreenightsaweekforoverthreemonths—aremoresensitivetoexercise.(对于受失眠困扰的人群而言，相关准则有所不同。失眠患者（每周至少三晚睡眠不佳，且持续三个月以上）对运动更为敏感。)”可知，前文讲益处，本段转折说明弊端，E选项“Justasthebenefitsgohand-in-hand,sodothedisadvantages.(益处相伴而生，弊端同样也是如此)”承上启下，由好处过渡到运动带来的不良影响，符合语境。【18题详解】根据前文“Moderateactivities,likewalking,joggingorcycling,aremostoftenlinkedwithbettersleep.(散步、慢跑或骑行这类适度运动，大多有助于改善睡眠。)”以及后文“KevinMorganatLoughboroughUniversitynotedthateventopathletescansleepbadly.(拉夫堡大学的摩根提出，即便是顶尖运动员也可能睡眠糟糕。)”可知，空格处说明高强度运动不利于入睡，G选项“High-intensitywork,likeahalf-marathon,candelayfallingasleep.(半程马拉松这类高强度运动会推迟入睡时间)”对比中等运动，引出高强度运动的坏处，贴合后文运动员睡不好的例子，符合语境。【19题详解】根据前文“Exerciseisnotrecommendednearbedtime.Overworkedmusclescankeepyouawake.Overtrainingisanotherrisk:Astudylinkedmorethansixintensesessionsaweekwithtroublefallingasleep.Timingmatterstoo:Astudyfoundactivityafter8pmwasassociatedwithlesssleep.(不建议临近睡前锻炼。肌肉过度劳累会使人难以入眠。运动过量是另一隐患：研究显示，每周超六次高强度锻炼会引发入睡困难。锻炼时段同样关键：有研究表明，晚八点后运动往往伴随睡眠时间缩短。)”可知，空格处继续细化睡前剧烈运动的危害，F选项“Intenseexerciseendingwithinonehourofbedmaydisruptsleep.(睡前一小时内结束的高强度运动易扰乱睡眠)”补充睡前短时剧烈运动的负面影响，符合语境。【20题详解】根据前文“Researchershavenotsetoneperfectroutine,butalarge-scaleanalysissuggestedmoderateaerobicexercise(有氧运动)pluslightstrengthtraining,mind-bodypractices(likeyogaortaichi)andstandardinsomniatreatment.(研究人员尚未敲定一套完美方案，但一项大规模分析表明：适度有氧运动搭配轻度力量训练、身心调养运动（如瑜伽或太极），再辅以常规失眠疗法。)”可知，C选项“Thiscombinationcansignificantlyimprovesleep.(这套组合方式能大幅改善睡眠)”中Thiscombination指代上文多种运动与疗法的搭配，承接上文方案，符合语境。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。MygrandmotherhasAlzheimer’sdisease.Iwasthereinthehospitalasthedoctorsdiagnosedher.Atthetime,theideaofmygrandmotherslowlylosingherselfdidn’tfeel____21____tome.Afterall,Ihadspentthegreaterhalfofmychildhoodwithher;Iwasalwaysonthe____22____sideofcare.Thesignsbackthenweresubtle,maybea(n)____23____itemorforgettingsomedates.Unconcerned,IwentbacktotheStatesfeeling____24____thatmygrandmotherwouldremainhealthy.Followingthatsummer,mymotherwouldask,“Doyoustillknowthem?”whilepointingthe____25____atmycousinsandme.Everytime,mygrandmotherwouldlookatthescreenandshoutournames,whichonlyseemedto____26____myconfidence.Thatconfidencefadedwhenmygrandmotherfailedto____27____mybrother.Thissummer,Ivisitedher.AsIenteredthelivingroom,shewassittingonthesofa____28____.Whenmymotherasked,“Doyoustillknowhim?”,herface____29____asshecalledmebymynickname.Ifeltasenseofrelief,butitbecame_____30_____howmuchthingshadchanged.Sheoftenwokeup_____31_____,forgettingwhereshewas,andherhands_____32_____withsimpletasks.Sheaskedagainandagain,“Howareyou?”I_____33_____andanswered,“I’mgood,Grandma.”Watchingher_____34_____ispainful.Yeteveninthetimeofdecline,shestillteachesmewhatittrulymeansto_____35_____others.21.A.strange B.novel C.real D.necessary22.A.opposing B.winning C.sharing D.receiving23.A.misplaced B.old C.damaged D.expensive24.A.proud B.confident C.grateful D.relieved25.A.flashlight B.phone C.telescope D.pen26.A.restore B.gain C.boost D.weaken27.A.mention B.recall C.recognize D.notice28.A.patiently B.quietly C.excitedly D.anxiously29.A.frozeup B.cloudedover C.turnedover D.litup30.A.possible B.unimportant C.evident D.unclear31.A.confused B.exhausted C.regretful D.nervous32.A.dealt B.struggled C.began D.worked33.A.smiled B.hesitated C.reflected D.sighed34.A.quit B.weep C.ache D.suffer35.A.love B.protect C.help D.understand【正确答案】21.C22.D23.A24.B25.B26.C27.C28.B29.D30.C31.A32.B33.A34.D35.A【导语】本文讲述了作者的祖母患上阿尔茨海默病，一开始作者不敢相信，随着祖母病情逐渐加重，作者在这个过程中体会到了现实的残酷，但即便如此，祖母依然教会了作者爱的意义。【21题详解】考查形容词。句意：当时，祖母慢慢迷失自我的想法对我来说并不真实。A.strange奇怪的；B.novel新奇的；C.real真实的；D.necessary必要的。根据后文“Afterall,Ihadspentthegreaterhalfofmychildhoodwithher”可知，作者和祖母感情很深，刚得知病情时，无法接受这件事，感觉这件事并不真实。【22题详解】考查动词。句意：毕竟我童年一大半时间都是和她一起度过的，我一直是被照顾的一方。A.opposing反对；B.winning获胜；C.sharing分享；D.receiving接收，得到。根据上文“Ihadspentthegreaterhalfofmychildhoodwithher”可知，作者小时候和祖母生活，一直接受祖母的照顾，所以是被照顾的一方。【23题详解】考查形容词。句意：当时的症状很不明显，可能就是放错了一件物品，或是忘记一些日期。A.misplaced错放的；B.old旧的；C.damaged被损坏的；D.expensive昂贵的。根据上文“Thesignsbackthenweresubtle”可知，阿尔茨海默病初