河北省衡水市2025-2026学年高三上学期1月期末考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1河北省衡水市2025-2026学年高三上学期1月期末英语试题第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.Whatdoesthewomansuggest?A.Buyingacomputer. B.Startingabusiness. C.Hiringanassistant.【答案】C【原文】M:Ithinkweshouldreplacethatoldcomputer.W:Hmm...theoldcomputer...Whynotgetanassistanttoo?Ourbusinessisgrowingfast.2.WhydidthewomangotoMadrid?A.ToteachSpanish. B.Toseeafriend. C.Tolookforajob.【答案】B【原文】W:IwasinMadridlastweek.M:Oh,whatwereyoudoingthere?W:Mybestfriendworkedthere.AndIwenttovisither.ItwasagoodchancetopracticemySpanish.3.Whatdoesthemanaskthewomantodo?A.Takehimtohospital. B.Gotoaclasswithhim. C.Submitareportforhim.【答案】C【原文】M:Rose,I’vegotthisterriblecold.AndIhavetoseeadoctor.I’mafraidIcan’tgototheclass.CouldyouhelpmehandinmylabreporttoDr.Davidson?W:Sure,noproblem.Justtakecareofyourselfanddon’tworryabouttheclass.4.Whendidthemanseethefilm?A.OnWednesday. B.OnThursday. C.OnSaturday.【答案】B【原文】W:DidyouseethefilmonWednesday?M:No,IwentonThursdaynight.Didyou,onWednesday?W:Iwasgoingto,butcouldn’tmakeit.IthinkI’llgoonSaturdaynight.5.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inabank. B.Intheairport. C.Inaphotostudio.【答案】A【原文】W:WhatdocumentsdoIneedtoopenasavingsaccount?M:Aphotocopyofyouridentificationcardandyourpassport.W:Ihaveeverythingrighthere.M:Great!Thenfillinthisform.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。6.Whatmaybetheman’shobby?A.Watchingfootballgames.B.ExercisingattheStadium.C.Playingfootballwithfriends.7.Whatcanweknowaboutthewoman?A.Sheisanewfriendoftheman.B.Shewillgotothestadium.C.Sheoftenwatchesfootballgames.【答案】6.A7.B【原文】W:Areyouafootballfan,Gomez?M:Yes,Igotothestadiumwheneverthereisagoodgame.AndifIcan’tgetaticket,IwatchthegameonTV.Thatway,they’relessexcitingthough.W:Istheticketexpensive?M:Itdepends.Itusuallycostsabout20to50dollars.LasttimeIpaid25.W:That’snotveryexpensive.Maybewecangotogethersometime.M:Great.It’llbemorefuntowatchthegamewithafriend.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。8.Whatisthewomanmostprobably?A.Adoctor. B.Anewsreporter. C.Abusinesswoman.9.Whatexhibitionisgoingtobeheld?A.Aphotographyexhibition.B.Anexhibitionofclothes.C.Apaintingexhibition.【答案】8.B9.C【原文】W:Goodmorning,Mr.White.Iwonderifyoucouldspareafewminutes.I’dliketoaskyouafewquestions.M:Well,Icanspareyouafewminutes,butI’mverybusypreparingforourexhibition,youknow.W:Justafewquestions.Whereisitgoingtobeheld?M:It’sgoingtobeheldintheartgallery.W:Whoisopeningit?M:It’sgoingtobeopenedbyMr.Smith.W:It’squiteabigexhibition,isn’tit?M:Quitebig.Someveryfamouspaintingswillbeshown.W:Well,thankyou,Mr.White.MayIwishyoueverysuccesswiththeexhibition!M:Thankyou.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。10.WhereisLisaprobably?A.InLiverpool. B.InLondon. C.InParis.11.WhatkindofpeopledoesLondonWeekneed?A.Salesrepresentatives. B.Advertisers. C.Reporters.12.Whatisamustforthejob?A.WorkinginParis. B.Advertisingmajor. C.Relevantexperience.【答案】10.A11.A12.C【原文】M:Hey,IthinkIfoundajobthatmightinterestLisa.Whereisshe?W:ShewenttoLiverpooltovisitfriends,Ithink.Whatisit?M:Well,it’sfromLondonWeek,whichclaimstobetheonlynewspaperforvisitorstoLondon.W:Whatdotheywant,areporter?M:No,it’swhattheycallasalesrepresentative.W:Hmm.Itcouldbeinteresting.Howmuchdoesitpay?M:Notbad.Threethousandpoundsamonth.That’sfivehundredpoundsmorethanwhatshemadeinherlastjob.W:Notbadatall.Anyrequirement?M:Salespeoplewithnolessthantwoyearsofexperience,notnecessarilyinadvertising.Lisahasgotplentyofthat.W:Anyotherdetailsaboutthejob?M:No,justthepaidtripstoParisontopofthesalary.W:Well,let’stellLisa.She’llbebacktomorrow,Iexpect.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。13.Whydoesthemancallthewoman?A.Tothankher. B.Torentaflat. C.Topointoutproblems.14.Whenwillsomeonecometocheckthehotwater?A.Thisafternoon. B.Tomorrow. C.Attheweekend.15.Howdidthestudentsknowabouttheflat?A.Fromafriend.B.FromtheInternet.C.Fromahouseagency.16.Whatwillthewomandotosettletheproblemaboutthefridge?A.OrderoneontheInternet.B.Paythestudentsforthenewone.C.Getsomeonetofixtheoldone.【答案】13.C14.A15.B16.B【原文】M:Goodmorning,I’moneofthestudentswhorentedyourflat.W:Oh,yes.EverythingisOK?M:Notexactly.I’mafraidthereareacoupleofproblems.W:Oh!I’msorrytohearthat.Whatkindofproblems?M:Well,wehaven’thadanyhotwaterforacoupleofdaysnow.Iwonderifyoucouldsendsomeonetohavealookatit.W:Ofcourse.I’llgetsomeonetocomearoundattheweekend.M:Well,couldhecomearoundabitsooner?Idon’tthinkwecanmanageuntiltheweekend.W:Isee.Okay.I’llsendsomeoneoverthisafternoonthen.M:There’salsothematterofthefridge.Weallassumedtherewouldbeoneintheflatwhenwemovedin,becausethat’swhatwereadfromtheadvertisementontheInternet.W:Ah,yes.Sorryaboutthat.Igotridoftheoldfridge,butIdidn’tgetaroundtoorderinganewoneyet.I’mreallysorry.I’llorderonetodayandgetitdeliveredtoyoutomorrow.M:Weboughtoneactually.Butcouldyoupayusback?W:Ofcourse.Justtellmehowmuchyoupaidforit.M:It’s260pounds.Thankyou.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。17.Whatshouldthestudentshavetojointheproject?A.Akeycard. B.Asharingsystem. C.Adrivinglicense.18.Whichwayispreferredtobookthecar?A.Sendingemail. B.Goingtotheoffice. C.Makingacall.19.Whereisthe‘maingarage?A.Infrontofthelibrary.B.Behindthebaseballfield.C.NexttotheOfficeBuilding.20.Howmuchshouldamemberpayforusingthecarfortwodays?A.$60. B.$100. C.$140.【答案】17.C18.A19.B20.C【原文】M:Hi,I’dliketotellyouabouttheValleyCarShareProject.It’sacarsharingsystemforuniversitystaffandstudents.Wehavegot20vehicles.Anyoneovertheageof18withadrivinglicensecanjointheproject.Onceyou’veappliedforourannualmembership,we’llsendyouwhatwecallakeycard.Eachtimeyouwanttouseacar,you’llneedtomakeabooking.YoucandothisinpersonatourofficeintheOfficeBuilding,orbyphone,butwewouldliketoreceivethesebyemailasit’squickerandeasierforustoputyourbookingthroughoursystem.Whenitcomestofindingthecars,ourmaingarageisonHillwayAvenue.It’sjustbehindthebaseballfield,totheeastofthelibrary.Itcosts$30toapplytojointheproject.You’llalsohavetopay$50ayearforannualmembershipfee.There’salsoanhourlyordailyfeetopaywhenyouusethecar.It’scurrently$8anhouror$70aday.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AMontrealisthesecond-mostpopulatedcityinCanada.It’sabout599kilometersfromNewYorkCity(NYC)byroad,andyoucantraveltherebybus.Whyshouldyouchoosetotakethebus?ThecheapestwaytotraveltoMontrealfromNYCisbybus.Thebuscompanyoperatesdailyservice,withone-wayfaressometimesaslowas$65.ThebusdepartsfromPortAuthorityandarrivesattheMontreallong-distancebusstationineightandahalftonineandahalfhours.Whenisthebesttime?Unlessyouliketheideaofcoldtemperatures,thensummeristhebesttimetovisitMontreal.ThepeaktouristseasonrunsfromJunethroughAugust,soyourbestbetforsmallercrowdsisprobablyMayorSeptemberwhenhotelshavemorevacanciesandtheweatherismildenoughtobeoutside.Whatcanyoudo?MontrealisagreatentrypointtobroaderCanadatravels,butthereisalottodorightinthecity,suchasvisitingtheornateNotre-DameBasilica,orexploringtheMontrealBotanicalGarden.Similarly,theMontrealBiodome,locatedatOlympicPark,replicatesfourAmericanecosystems,allindoors.Whenit’sniceoutside,youcangetagoodviewingplatformfromthetopofMountRoyal.Whatmustbekeptinmind?UponreachingtheCanadianborder,allbuspassengerswillneedtogetoffthebusandpickuptheirbelongingsandluggage,whichwillbeinspectedbyCanadianofficials.Unclaimedbagswillberemoved.You’llbeaskedwhatthereasonisforyourtrip.Oncetheprocessisfinished,you’llreturnyourbagstothebusandcontinueyourjourney.Makesureyouhavereviewedtheimmigrationandcustomsinformationtoensureyoucarrytheproperdocuments.21.WhatistheadvantageoftakingthebustoMontrealfromNYC?A.Savingmoney. B.Greatservice.C.Abeautifulview. D.Excitingexperience.22.WhichplaceisthebestonetogetafullviewofMontreal?A.MontrealBiodome. B.MountRoyal.C.Notre-DameBasilica. D.MontrealBotanicalGarden.23.WhydothepassengersgetoffthebusassoonastheyreachCanada?A.Foraheadcount. B.Forluggageinspection.C.Forchangingtravelbuses. D.Forgettingunclaimedbags.【答案】21.A22.B23.B【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了从纽约乘坐巴士前往蒙特利尔的好处、蒙特利尔的最佳旅行时间、蒙特利尔的游玩景点和入境加拿大时的注意事项。【21题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“ThecheapestwaytotraveltoMontrealfromNYCisbybus.(从纽约到蒙特利尔最经济的出行方式是乘坐巴士)”可知，从纽约去蒙特利尔选择巴士出行的优势是省钱。故选A。【22题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段“Whenit’sniceoutside,youcangetagoodviewingplatformfromthetopofMountRoyal.(当天气晴朗时，你可以从皇家山的山顶找到一个绝佳的观景位置)”可知，皇家山山顶是观赏蒙特利尔全景的最佳地点。故选B。【23题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段“UponreachingtheCanadianborder,allbuspassengerswillneedtogetoffthebusandpickuptheirbelongingsandluggage,whichwillbeinspectedbyCanadianofficials.(当抵达加拿大边境时，所有乘坐巴士的乘客都需要下车，取出自己的物品和行李，并接受加拿大官员的检查)”可知，乘客入境加拿大时要下车并领取行李，因为这些行李将要接受加拿大官员的检查。故选B。BChristineRowseyspentthreetoughyearsworkingfull-timeasafinancialriskanalysttosupporther5-year-oldsonBryson,whiletakingeveningcoursesatacommunitycollegetopursuehernursingdream.“Ididn’thaveanymoneyorpossessionsleft;allIhadwasafragiledream,”sherecalledwithemotion.Thatdreamtookrootthreeyearsearlier,whenshesufferedthetragiclossofherhusband,whohadbeendiagnosedwithcancer.Herhusbandfoughtforhislifeintheintensivecareunitforsevenmonths,undergoingmorethanadozenoperations.However,intheend,heleftChristineforever.Itwasthesincereandconstantsupportfromthehospital’snursingstaffduringthatpainfulexperiencethatinspiredhertoquitheroriginaljobanddeterminedlypursueanursingcareertohelpothersthewayshehadbeenhelped.Justasshewasabouttostartformalnursingcourses,hermisfortunesbroughtherprogresstoahalt—hercarwasrepossessed(收回).Shecouldn’ttraveltoclass.Luckily,shediscoveredVolunteersofAmerica(VOA)Michigan’s“CarsHelpingPeople”programinPontiac,whichprovideddonatedvehiclesatfairpricesforpeopleinneed,andsheworkedoutareasonablepaymentplan.ShethenenrolledinOaklandUniversity’sone-yearlicensedpracticalnursingprogram,butshestruggledwithheavytuitionfeesandthedoublepressureofstudyinghardasatopstudentandtakinggoodcareofBryson.AnotherprogramrunbyVOA,theHealthProfessionOpportunityGrants,cametoherrescue.ItnotonlycoveredherfulltuitionbutalsoofferedanallowanceforBryson’sdailyneedslikefoodandgas,andevenpaidforhercertificationtestfees.WiththeguidancefromVOA’semploymentspecialistReneDeLoach,whosupportedherthroughcoursework,licenseapplicationandjobhunting,Christinefinallyachievedhergoal.NowworkingasalicensedpracticalnurseatRiverviewHealthinDetroit,sheisalreadypursuingherRegisteredNursecertificateandsharingherinspiringstorywithyoungpeople.“VOAhelpedmerewritemylifeexactlythewayIwanted,”shesaidgratefully.24.WhydidChristinedecidetoworkasanurse?A.Tocareforherson. B.Toinspirepatients.C.Torepaythekindness. D.Toearnstableincome.25.WhatdidVOAmeantoChristine?A.Alifechanger. B.Afamouscharity.C.Atraininginstitution. D.Abeliefinherheart.26.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeChristine?A.Determined. B.Brilliant. C.Creative. D.Confident.27.WhatdoesChristine’sstoryshow?A.Hewholaughslastlaughslongest.B.Abirdinthehandisworthtwointhebush.C.Theroadtohellispavedwithgoodintentions.D.Whenthegoinggetstough,thetoughgetgoing.【答案】24.C25.A26.A27.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了ChristineRowsey在丈夫去世后，决定成为一名护士来回报社会，在面对重重困难时，得到了美国志愿者协会(VOA)相关项目的帮助，最终实现了自己的目标。【24题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Itwasthesincereandconstantsupportfromthehospital’snursingstaffduringthatpainfulexperiencethatinspiredhertoquitheroriginaljobanddeterminedlypursueanursingcareertohelpothersthewayshehadbeenhelped.(正是在那段痛苦的经历中，医院护理人员真诚而持续的支持，激励她辞去了原来的工作，坚定地追求护理事业，以她曾经被帮助的方式去帮助别人)”可知，Christine决定成为一名护士是为了报答曾经得到的善意和帮助。故选C项。【25题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中Christine的话“VOAhelpedmerewritemylifeexactlythewayIwanted(VOA帮助我按照我想要的方式改写了我的人生)”以及前文提到的VOA对Christine在车辆、学费、生活费等方面的帮助可知，VOA对Christine来说意味着人生的改变者。故选A项。【26题详析】推理判断题。文章在第一段中讲述Christine白天全职工作，晚上上课，坚持了三年；在第二段中讲述她丈夫去世后独自抚养儿子，并决心转行成为护士；在第三、四段中讲述在汽车被收回、面临重重经济压力时，她积极寻找资源，并最终在VOA帮助下克服困难，最终成功获得护士执照并找到工作(第五段)。整个故事展现了她在逆境中坚持不懈、意志坚定的品质。故选A项。【27题详析】推理判断题。通读全文，结合最后一段中Christine的话“VOAhelpedmerewritemylifeexactlythewayIwanted(VOA帮助我按照我想要的方式改写了我的人生)”可知，文章讲述了Christine在面对失去丈夫、车辆被收回、学费高昂等重重困难时，没有放弃，而是努力追求自己的梦想，最终改写了人生，实现了目标。Christine的故事正好印证了谚语“Whenthegoinggetstough,thetoughgetgoing.(艰难之路，唯勇者行)”所表达的在困难面前，强者会迎难而上、更加努力奋斗的精神。故选D项。CAstheU.S.Midwestwasexperiencinganotherheatwave,temperaturesandhumidity(湿热)intheregionwerebeingfurtherfueledby“sweating”corn.Ifyoudidn’thavesweatyproduceonyour2025bingocard,you’renotalone;but“cornsweat”isarealphenomenonthataddsmoisture(水分)totheatmosphereandmakeshotconditionsevenhotterandmoreunpleasant.It’sjustoneunexpectedwayinwhichhumanactivities,fromagriculturetodeforestationandpollution,canhavesurprisingeffectsonregionalweatherpatterns,sometimesenhancingtheimpactsofclimatechange.Corn,likeotherplants,usesaprocesscalledevapotranspirationtodrawwaterfromthesoil,takewhatitneedstofunction,andreleasetherestintotheatmosphereviaevaporation(蒸发).Thehigherthetemperature,themorewatercornneeds,andthegreateramountofwaterthatevaporates.Justoneacreofcorncanrelease3,000to4,000gallonsofmoistureinaday,accordingtotheU.S.GeologicalSurvey.Anoak(橡树)tree,bycomparison,cantranspireabout40,000gallonsofmoistureinayear,anaverageofabout109gallonsperday.“Anyplaceyouhavecornfieldsandit’shot,yougetcornsweat,”saysmeteorologistDaleMohler.“InastatelikeIowa,whereapproximately24millionacresoflandaredevotedtogrowingcornandsoybeans,itcanbumpthehumidityonahotdaybyupto30or40percent.”Withclimatewarmingcomesaconstantfeedbackcircle:WarmerweatherintheMidwestisalsoleadingtomoreprecipitation,meaningthatthereismorewaterinthesoilforcorntoabsorbandtranspire,whichaddsmorewatervaportotheairandfurtherfuelswarming.Theincreasedhumidityfromcornsweatnotonlymakesheatwavesevenmoreuncomfortable,butitcanalsobedangerous.“Whentheairisdry,yousweatandtheevaporationcoolsyouoff,”saysMohler.“Butthatdoesn’tworkaswellinhumidconditions,becausethereissomuchmoistureintheatmospherealready.That’swhyyoufeelthatmuchmoremiserablewhenit’shumidaswellashot.”28.Whatisthedirecteffectof“cornsweat”?A.Easingtheheatwave. B.Increasingairhumidity.C.Reducingcornproduction. D.Impactinghumanactivities.29.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinmentioningtheoaktree?A.Todescribeoak’slowevaporatingspeed.B.Tocomparethegrowthofcornandoak.C.Tointroducehowmuchwatercornneeds.D.Tohighlightcorn’shighmoisturerelease.30.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“precipitation”inparagraph6mean?A.Heat. B.Consumption. C.Energy. D.Rainfall.31.Whydoeshumiditymakepeopleuncomfortable?A.Itaddsmoisturetothesoil. B.Itcausespeopletosweatmore.C.Itisbadforsweating. D.Itraisesbodytemperature.【答案】28.B29.D30.D31.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，通过介绍“玉米汗”这一具体现象，阐释了人类农业活动如何通过影响局部气候，进而与全球气候变化形成复杂互动的科学原理。【28题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“but“cornsweat”isarealphenomenonthataddsmoisture(水分)totheatmosphereandmakeshotconditionsevenhotterandmoreunpleasant.(但“玉米出汗”是真实存在的现象，它向大气中添加水分，使得炎热天气变得更加酷热难耐。)”可知，“玉米出汗”是一种真实的现象，它会使空气变得更湿热。故选B。【29题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段“Justoneacreofcorncanrelease3,000to4,000gallonsofmoistureinaday,accordingtotheU.S.GeologicalSurvey.Anoak(橡树)tree,bycomparison,cantranspireabout40,000gallonsofmoistureinayear,anaverageofabout109gallonsperday.(根据美国地质调查局的数据，仅一英亩玉米每天就能释放3000至4000加仑的水分。相比之下，一棵橡树每年蒸腾约4万加仑水分，日均约109加仑。)”可知，作者在提到一英亩玉米每日释放大量水分后，又引入橡树的数据进行对比，旨在通过具体的数据突显玉米在单位时间内释放水分的速率极高。故选D。【30题详析】词义猜测题。根据文章划线词后文的内容“meaningthatthereismorewaterinthesoilforcorntoabsorbandtranspire,whichaddsmorewatervaportotheairandfurtherfuelswarming.(意味着土壤中有更多水分供玉米吸收和蒸腾，从而向空气中添加更多水汽，进一步加剧升温。)”可推知，划线词后文提到土壤中有更多的水分供玉米吸收和蒸腾，故此处划线词与D项“Rainfall(降雨)”意思相近，即中西部更暖的天气导致更多降水，意味着土壤中有更多水分供玉米吸收和蒸腾。故选D。【31题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段““Whentheairisdry,yousweatandtheevaporationcoolsyouoff,”saysMohler.“Butthatdoesn’tworkaswellinhumidconditions,becausethereissomuchmoistureintheatmospherealready.That’swhyyoufeelthatmuchmoremiserablewhenit’shumidaswellashot.”(Mohler解释道：“空气干燥时，人体通过出汗和汗液蒸发实现降温。但在潮湿条件下，由于大气中已含有大量水分，这种降温机制会失效。这就是为什么在湿热天气里人们会感到格外难受。”)”可知，在干燥空气中，汗液蒸发能帮你降温；但在湿热的条件下，由于空气中已充满水分，汗液无法有效被排出，从而令人更加不适。故选C。DUntilrecently,whenscientistsstudiedcellsfrompeopleandanimals,theyoftenhadtoexaminelargesamples,producinganaverageofresultsfrommanykindsofcells.Theprocesswasliketryingtolearnaboutbananasbystudyingasmoothie—adrinkmadefromdifferenttypesoffruit.Inrecentyears,scientistshavedevelopedmethodsthatletthemdirectlystudytheactivityofcellsandthegeneticstructureofindividualcells.Single-cellanalysisisthetermforagroupoftechniquesthatscientistshavedevelopedforisolatingorseparatingcellsfromlivingorganisms.Scientistscanstudygeneticmaterialineachcellandlearnabouttherelationshipsbetweencells.Theresult,notesthejournalScience,isthatresearcherscanfollowthedevelopmentofpeopleandotherorganismsinincredibledetail.FrancisCollins,whoistheformerdirectoroftheNationalInstitutesofHealth,recentlynotedtheimportanceofsuchtechniquesforunderstandinghumanbeings.“Single-cellanalysisiscrucialforacomprehensiveunderstandingofourbiologyandhealth,”hesaid.JonathanWeissmanisastemcellbiologistattheUniversityofCaliforniaSanFrancisco.Henotesthatsingle-cellanalysisletsscientistsaskmuchmoredetailed,exactingquestionsthantheycouldinthepast.“It’slikeaflightrecorder,whereyouarewatchingwhatwentwrongandnotjustlookingatasnapshotattheend,”hesaid.“Wecanaskquestionsataresolutionthatwasjustnotpossiblebefore.”NicholasNavinisaprofessorfromtheMDAndersonCancerCenter.Heusessingle-cellDNAstudiestodiscoverpatternsofmutationsincellsofacanceroustumor.ThesestudiesletNavinrecreatewhenandwherethosemutationsappearedasthetumordeveloped.Thatinformationhelpshimidentifycellsthatcontaincombinationsofmutationsthatmakethemthedeadliest.“Inthefuture,suchresearchcouldbeusedtohelpidentifywhattreatmentstouseforcertainpatients,”Navinsaid.Theresearchmightalsohelpdoctorsfollowhowwelltheirtreatmentsareworkingagainstacancerovertime.32.Whatwastheshortcomingofthepreviouswaytostudycells?A.Generatingasetofidenticalresults.B.Failingtoresearchindividualcellsaccurately.C.Requiringscientiststostudybananasdirectly.D.Focusingonseparatingcellsfromlivingorganisms...33.Whatcanwelearnaboutsingle-cellanalysisfromparagraph2?A.Itallowslearningaboutcreatures’relationships.B.Itisasimplemethodforresearchingpeople’scells.C.Ithelpsscientistsknowcreaturesmorethoroughly.D.Itmainlyfocusesonstudyingmixedcellsamples.34.Whatdotheaccountsinthelastthreeparagraphsimply?A.Doctorswillfindatreatmentforcancerssoon.B.Manyscientistsbegantofocusonstudyingcells.C.Therearemanychallengesofthenewtechniques.D.Thenewtechniqueshavegreatapplicationpotential.35.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.ThePreviousResearchintoHumanCellsB.AMajorBreakthroughinCancerResearchC.Single-CellAnalysis:ABiologicalRevolutionD.GeneticMaterial:AGlobalResearchProject【答案】32.B33.C34.D35.C【语篇解读】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了单细胞分析技术的优势、意义与广阔前景。【32题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Untilrecently,whenscientistsstudiedcellsfrompeopleandanimals,theyoftenhadtoexaminelargesamples,producinganaverageofresultsfrommanykindsofcells.Theprocesswasliketryingtolearnaboutbananasbystudyingasmoothie—adrinkmadefromdifferenttypesoffruit.(直到最近，科学家在研究人和动物的细胞时，通常还不得不检测大量样本，从多种细胞类型中得出一个平均化结果。这个过程就像试图通过研究一杯混合果汁（由多种水果制成）来了解香蕉。)”可知，过去的研究方法需要检测包含多种细胞类型的大样本，得出的结果是各类细胞的平均值，这就像通过研究混合水果奶昔来了解香蕉一样，无法精确研究单个细胞的具体情况。因此，旧方法的缺点是无法准确研究单个细胞。故选B。【33题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段“Scientistscanstudygeneticmaterialineachcellandlearnabouttherelationshipsbetweencells.Theresult,notesthejournalScience,isthatresearcherscanfollowthedevelopmentofpeopleandotherorganismsinincredibledetail.(科学家可以研究每个细胞中的遗传物质，并了解细胞之间的关系。《科学》杂志指出，其成果是研究者能够以前所未有的细节追踪人类及其他生物体的发育过程。)”可知，单细胞分析使科学家能够直接研究单个细胞的活动和遗传结构，从而追踪生物体的发育过程。这意味着科学家能更彻底地了解生物体。故选C。【34题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第三段“FrancisCollins,whoistheformerdirectoroftheNationalInstitutesofHealth,recentlynotedtheimportanceofsuchtechniquesforunderstandinghumanbeings.“Single-cellanalysisiscrucialforacomprehensiveunderstandingofourbiologyandhealth,”hesaid.(美国国立卫生研究院前院长FrancisCollins最近强调了此类技术对理解人类的重要性。他表示：“单细胞分析对于我们全面理解自身生物学和健康至关重要。”)”、文章第四段“JonathanWeissmanisastemcellbiologistattheUniversityofCaliforniaSanFrancisco.Henotesthatsingle-cellanalysisletsscientistsaskmuchmoredetailed,exactingquestionsthantheycouldinthepast.(加州大学旧金山分校的干细胞生物学家JonathanWeissman指出，单细胞分析让科学家能够提出比过去更详细、更精确的问题。)”和文章第五段“NicholasNavinisaprofessorfromtheMDAndersonCancerCenter.Heusessingle-cellDNAstudiestodiscoverpatternsofmutationsincellsofacanceroustumor.ThesestudiesletNavinrecreatewhenandwherethosemutationsappearedasthetumordeveloped.Thatinformationhelpshimidentifycellsthatcontaincombinationsofmutationsthatmakethemthedeadliest.(MD安德森癌症中心的NicholasNavin教授利用单细胞DNA研究来发现癌变肿瘤细胞的突变模式。这些研究让纳文能够重构肿瘤发展过程中这些突变出现的时间和位置。这些信息帮助他识别出含有多种突变组合、最具致命性的细胞。)”可知，最后三段通过科学家的观点和具体应用案例，说明了单细胞分析技术在生物学、健康以及癌症研究等方面的关键作用和广阔应用前景。故选D。【35题详析】主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“Inrecentyears,scientistshavedevelopedmethodsthatletthemdirectlystudytheactivityofcellsandthegeneticstructureofindividualcells.Single-cellanalysisisthetermforagroupoftechniquesthatscientistshavedevelopedforisolatingorseparatingcellsfromlivingorganisms.(近年来，科学家已开发出能直接研究单个细胞活动及其基因结构的方法。单细胞分析是科学家开发出的一系列技术的总称，用于从活体生物中分离细胞。)”以及全文内容可知，全文围绕单细胞分析技术的优势、意义及其在生物学和医学领域的革命性影响展开，强调其突破性与革命性意义。故C项“Single-CellAnalysis:ABiologicalRevolution(单细胞分析：一场生物革命)”能概括文章内容，符合文章标题。故选C。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Everywinter,afterthefirstsnowfall,skiersandsnowboardersheadtoskislopes(滑雪场).Glidingdowntrailslookseffortless,butlearningtakestime.DavidHandy,thedirectorofaskischool,sharesefficientlearningtips.TakelessonsfromaninstructorLargelyself-taught,Handyspentyearssnowboarding.Eachfallbroughtanewpainfullesson.“ThefirsttimeIwaseveronamountain,IrememberforhoursIwasjustbeatingmyselfuponthesnow,”herecalls.Butthedayhetookhisfirstlessonasanadult15yearslater,itimmediatelymadehimabetterrider.____36____.Getyourequipment____37____.Afterall,allthegearrequiredcouldeasilytotalover$1,000andthat’sabiginvestmenttomakeinsomethingyou’renotcertainyou’llloveorevenwanttodoagain.Instead,Handysuggestsrentingthegearyouneed,whichnearlyeveryskiresortoffers.Somelargerresortsevenhaveouterwearyoucanrentduringyourvisit.Bepreparedtofall“You’repracticallyguaranteedtofallwhenyou’reabeginner,buttherearedefinitelygoodandbadwaystofall,”Handysays.Thebiggestmistakepeoplemake,hepointsout,isthattheytrytocatchthemselvesbyputtingtheirhandsouttobreaktheirfall.____38____.“Instead,tuckyourarmsandfallonlarger,sturdierbodyparts,”Handyadvises.____39____Sometimeslearninghowtoskiandsnowboardcanbenotonlyphysicallypainful,butmentallyexhausting.Falling,watching6-year-oldscruiseeffortlesslypast,andalackofspeedyprogressioncanallgetyoudownifyouletthem.____40____.Giveitatleastthreedaysoflessonsandpracticeanddon’tbeatyourselfupifyou’renotwhereyouthinkyoushouldbe.A.Don’trushtheprocessB.OvercomeyourinnerpainC.That’swhatleadstobrokenwristsD.Thesecoursesoftenneedagreatdealofenergy.E.SoHandyadvisesyoutogoinwithagoodattitudeF.ThelessonshavethepotentialtocutalotoftimeandpainG.Handydoesnotrecommendbuyingeverythingimmediately【答案】36.F37.G38.C39.A40.E【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过滑雪学校校长大卫·汉迪的分享，为滑雪初学者提供了高效学习的实用建议：接受专业指导、合理租赁装备、正确应对摔倒以及保持耐心和良好心态。【36题详析】上文“Butthedayhetookhisfirstlessonasanadult15yearslater,itimmediatelymadehimabetterrider.(但是，15年后他作为成年人上了第一堂课的那天，这堂课立刻让他成为了一名更好的滑雪者)”讲述了汉迪在多年自学后，首次接受专业指导就立竿见影地提升了水平。F选项“Thelessonshavethepotentialtocutalotoftimeandpain(这些课程有可能节省大量时间和痛苦)”顺承上文，总结了接受专业指导的巨大好处——不仅“immediatelymadehimabetterrider(立刻提升水平)”意味着节省了时间，而且与他早年“beatingmyselfuponthesnow(在雪地里自我折磨)”的痛苦自学经历相比，也避免了大量痛苦。该选项是对本小标题“Takelessonsfromaninstructor”下内容的完美总结。故选F项。【37题详析】小标题“Getyourequipment(获取你的装备)”点明了本段的主题。下文“Afterall,allthegearrequir