河北省张家口市尚义县某中学2024-2025学年高二下学期开学考试英语试题

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1河北省张家口市尚义县某中学2024-2025学年高二下学期开学考试英语试题第一部分听力(略)第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ABestPlacestoVisitinEuropefor2025Europeancountriesarefullofvibrantcitiesburstingwithcultureandsceniclandscapes.Withabundantmust-seesights,itcomesasnosurprisethatdecidingwhichspotstovisitcanbedifficult.UsethislisttostartplanningyourEuropeangetaway.AmsterdamSpendthedaycyclingthroughAmsterdam’sstylishstreetsbeforeexploringnoteworthymuseumsliketheVanGoghMuseum.PlanapicnicinVondelparkforlunchorchooseaboattouralongthecity’smanycanals(运河)whenit’stimetorestyourfeet.Whileyou’rehere,considerplanningadaytriptooneofAmsterdam’snearbyscenicplaces—UtrechtandLeidenarebothworthvisiting.VeniceTravelerswillappreciateVenice’sattractivecanalsandhistoricalarchitecture.Keepinmind,though,thatthisextremelypopulardestinationseesmassivecrowds,especiallyduringthewarmermonths.Tocontrolovertourism,Venicechargestouristsasmallfeetoenteronselectdates.Plus,gondola(凤尾船)ridesandhotelsarepricey,soyou’llwanttobudgetaccordingly.PragueAvacationinPraguewillleaveyoufeelingasifyou’vesteppedintoafairytale.TakeintheGothicarchitectureandbesuretotourPragueCastle.Plus,Prague’saffordablefoodanddrinks,accommodationsandexcellentpublictransportationmakeitagreatplacefortravelerswhowishtovisitEuropeonabudget.LondonExploringtheworld-famousBritishMuseum,seeingamusicalintheWestEndtheaterdistrict,watchingtheChangingoftheGuardatBuckinghamPalaceandsteppingbackintimeattheTowerofLondonareallpartsoftheLondonexperience.However,London’shighhotelpricescanmaketravelerswithtightbudgetsbackoff.Tosavemoney,bookyouraccommodationsfarinadvance.1.Whichcityhastakenmeasurestomanagetheoverwhelmingnumberofvisitors?A.Venice. B.London. C.Amsterdam. D.Prague.2.WhatcanatravelerdoinLondonfromthetext?A.Takeaboatrideonbeautifulcanals. B.Enjoytastyfoodinlow-costhotels.C.Watchaperformanceinatheater. D.Visitahistoriccastlefreeofcharge.3.Whatdothefourcitieshaveincommon?A.Theyareallfreefromcrowdissues. B.Theyallhavediversetouristattractions.C.Theyareallfamousfortheirlonghistory. D.Theyallofferaffordableoptionsforvisitors.BOneevening,TomPetersondecidedtogoonahikeinthemountainsnearhishome.Hetoldhisfamilyhe’dbebackbynightfall,sowhenhedidn’treturnasexpected,theybecameconcerned.Ataround8p.m.,theytriedtoreachhimonhiscellphonebutreceivednoresponse.Tom’sbrother,Jack,decidedtoheadtothetrail(小径)andlookforhim.WhenJackarrived,hefoundTom’sbackpackonthesideofthetrail,buttherewasnosignofTomhimself.Tom’sfamilybecameevenmoreanxious.Hismotherkeptpicturinghimlostandalone,wonderingifhewascold,scared,oreveninjured.Shefelthelpless,knowingshecouldn’tprotectherson.Hisfather,ontheotherhand,struggledtoremaincalm,reassuringhiswifewhilesilentlyfearingtheworst.Asmidnightapproached,Tom’sfamilydecideditwastimetocallforprofessionalhelp.Thesearchteamarrivedswiftly,equippedwithflashlightsandheat-sensitivecameras,andbegancombingthetrail.Tom,downthehillwithaninjuredankle,layinthedark,battlingwavesofdoubt.Asthecoldnightdeepened,hequestionedifanyonewouldfindhim,feelingsmallanddefencelessagainstthevastwilderness.Heturnedhisflashlightonandoff,hopingsomeonewouldnoticetheweaklight,holdingontothelastbitofhopehehad.Finally,theteamspottedhimaboutamilefromthemainpath.Seeingtherescuersapproach,Tom’sreliefwashedoverhim,andhisworriesmeltedaway.Hisfamilywasoverjoyedwhentheysawhim,theirworstfearsreplacedbydeepthankfulnessandnewfoundappreciationforeachother.Later,whenaskedabouthowhemadeitthroughthelong,darkhoursalone,Tomsharedthatitwasthethoughtofhisfamilythatkepthimgoing.Forhim,holdingontothehopeofreunitingwiththemwashisonlychoiceinthevast,lonelywilderness.4.WhywereTom’sfamilyworriedinitially?A.Tomfailedtoreturnhomeasplanned.B.Tom’sphonewasswitchedoffallevening.C.Tomlefthisbackpackonthetrailintentionally.D.Tomwasunpreparedforhishikeinthemountains.5.HowdidTom’smotheremotionallyreacttotheincidentinparagraph2?A.Shedoubtedthesearchteam’sabilities.B.SheblamedTomforbeingirresponsible.C.Sheremainedcalmandsupportedherfamily.D.ShefeltfrustratedaboutherinabilitytohelpTom.6.WhatallowedtherescuerstolocateTom?A.Histracksledthemtohislocation. B.Hesignaledthemwithhisflashlight.C.Heusedspecialcamerastospotthem. D.Heshoutedforhelpuntiltheyheardhim.7.WhathelpedTomsurvivethenightinthewilderness?A.Hisrichhikingexperience. B.Thewarmclotheshewore.C.Hisstrongphysicalstrength. D.Thebeliefofseeinghislovedonesagain.CWeknowthatfruitsandvegetablescanhelptokeepourbodieshealthy.Accordingtoanewstudy,eatingfruitsinmiddleagecouldalsohelptoreducethechancesofdevelopingdepressionlaterinlifethoughweshouldpayattentiontotheamountoffruitsweeat.ResearchersfromChinaandSingaporewantedtofindoutmoreaboutwhethereatingfruitsandvegetablescouldhaveaneffectonourmentalhealth.Theylookedatmorethan13,700ChineseadultswhowerelivinginSingapore.Thestudyperiodbeganbetween1993and1998whentheChineseadultswereagedbetween45and74.Everyonewasaskedaboutthefruitsandvegetablestheylikedtoeat.14fruitsand25typesofvegetableswereincludedinthequestionnaire.TheChineseadultswerefollowedforanaverageofalmost20years.Bythistime,theywereagedbetween61and96.Theywereaskedtocompleteaquestionnairethatcoulddecidewhetherolderpeopledevelopdepression.Attheendofthestudyperiod,almost3,200peoplehadthefeelingofdepression.Theresearchersfoundthathigherconsumptionoffruitsduringmiddleagewasconnectedwithalowerprobabilityofdevelopingdepressioninlatelife.Thosewhoatethemostfruitswere29%lesslikelytodevelopdepressioncomparedtothosewhoatetheleast.However,theydidn’tfindanyconnectionbetweeneatingvegetablesanddevelopingdepression.Itwassuggestedthatthereasonforthismaybethatfruitsareusuallyeatenraw,whilevegetablesareoftencooked.Cookingvegetablesmightlimitthe“protectiveeffects”ofthenutrientsinthefoods,theresearcherssuggested,althoughtheysaidmoreresearchwasneeded.Alltypesoffruitswerefoundtohaveaneffect,especiallyoranges,bananas,papayasandwatermelons.8.Howdidtheresearchersconductthestudy?A.Byfollowingparticipantsforalongperiodoftime.B.Byobservingthephysicalhealthoftheparticipants.C.Byconductinglaboratorytestsonfruitsandvegetables.D.Byaskingparticipantsaboutthecausesoftheirdepression.9.Whatdoesparagraph4mainlytalkabout?A.Thestudyprocess. B.Thestudypurpose.C.Thestudyfindings. D.Thestudyobjects.10.Whymightvegetables’benefitsbelimitedaccordingtotheresearchers?A.Vegetablesareofteneatenraw. B.Thetypesofvegetablesarelimited.C.Vegetablesarelesspopularthanfruits. D.Cookingmightreducetheirnutritionalvalue.11.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.TheConnectionbetweenDietandMentalHealthB.TheImportanceofEatingRawFruitsandVegetablesC.Vegetables:TheirLimitedRoleinPreventingDepressionD.FruitsinMiddleAge:AKeytoAvoidingDepressionLaterDImagineatinybirdthateatstheberriesofaparticularmountaintree.Thattreecanonlygrowataspecificaltitudearoundthemountain,whereit’sevolvedoveryearstothrive(茁壮成长)inthatmicroclimate.Asglobaltemperaturesrise,thetreeandthebirdwillbeforcedtorisetoo,trackingtheirmicroclimate.Eventually,theyreachthepeak,andthenthere’snowhereelsetogo.Scientistscallthismountainphenomenonthe“escalatortoextinction”.Researchershaveconductedmanystudiesabouthowdifferentspeciesrespondtodifferentlevelsofclimatechange,findingvariedresults.Togetabetteroverallpicturefordecisionmakerswhowantedtoknowhowclimatechangewouldcauseextinction,MarkUrban,abiologistsoughttobringallthosestudiestogether.Unfortunately,hefoundthatthepicturewasworrisome.Theglobehasalreadywarmedbyabout1.3degreesCelsiusfromthepreindustrialaverage,whichwouldpushabout1.6%ofspeciestowardsextinctionby2100.Ifglobalwarminggetsoutofhand,warming4or5degreesCelsius,30%ofspeciescouldbeatrisk.Scientistshavedescribedroughly2millionspecies,butthat’slikelyjustapartofthebiodiversityintheplanet.It’sestimatedthatthenumbertendstowardsabout10million.Urbanreported,thatwouldmeantheplanetisalreadyontracktoloseabout160,000species,andcouldseenearly3milliondisappearsoon.“Tostopthelossofbiodiversity,weneedtostrikeattheheartofthematter.”saysJohnWiens,abiologistattheUniversityofArizona.Inmanyinstances,stoppingbiodiversitylossmeanspreservingtheirnaturalhabitats,throughprotectedareasornationalparks,whichwon’tnecessarilywork,saysWiens.Targetedconservationeffortscouldhelpslowlosses,Urbansays,butthey’reultimatelynosubstituteforreducingemissions.Itrequiresamoreglobalsolutionintermsofstoppingcarbonemissions.Thestudypresentsaclearchoicetodecisionmakers.It’shightimetoreduceemissionsnowandworktoprotectthat2%ofspeciesatriskcurrently!12.Whatdoes“escalatortoextinction”meanaccordingtothetext?A.Speciesarebecomingdiverseduetoclimatechange.B.Speciesareforcedtorelocatebutcannotgoanyhigher.C.Speciesmovetohigheraltitudestoescapeclimatechange.D.Speciesadapttowarmerenvironmentsastemperaturesrise.13.Howdoestheauthormainlydevelopthethirdparagraph?A.Byprovidingdata. B.Bypresentingexamples.C.Bymakingcomparisons. D.Byofferingbackgrounds.14.WhatcanbeinferredfromJohnWiens’words?A.Preservingnaturewillsolveallbiodiversityissues.B.Weshouldfocusonlyonlocalconservationefforts.C.Protectinghabitatsalonemaynotbeenoughtostopspeciesloss.D.Emissionsreductionislesscrucialthanprotectingnaturalhabitats.15.Whydoestheauthorwritethistext?A.Toentertain. B.Tointroduce. C.Toappeal. D.Tocomplain.第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。Inrecentyears,theideaofa“growthmindset”hasbecomemoreandmorepopular.Agrowthmindsetmeansbelievingthatyoucangetbetteratthingslikelearningandusingyourbrainbyworkinghard.___16___.Peoplewithafixedmindsetthinkthey’rebornwithcertainabilitiesandcan’tchangethem.Herearesomewaystogetagrowthmindset.Lovechallenges.Don’ttrytostayawayfromhardthings.___17___.Everytimeyougetthroughachallenge,youfeelmoreconfidentandproudofyourself.Whenyouhaveatoughtask,tellyourselfit’sagoodchancetomakeyourskillsbetter.Thiskindofpositivethinkingcanhelpyounotbeafraidoffailingandmakeyouwanttotakeonchallenges.Learnfrommistakes.Everyonemakesmistakes,butpeoplewithagrowthmindsetthinkmistakesaregoodforlearning.Theythinkmistakesareanormalpartoflearningandawaytogetbetter.___18___,findoutwhereyoucandobetter,andmakeaplantodoitnexttime.Bythinkingofmistakesasstepstosuccess,youcanturnbadthingsintochancestogrow.Keepgoingwhenthingsaretough.Whenyourunintoproblemsordon’tsucceedatfirst,it’seasytofeelbadandstoptrying.Butpeoplewithagrowthmindsetknowthatproblemsdon’tlastforever.Theyuseproblemsasareasontokeepgoing.Theytellthemselvesthatnotsucceedingdoesn’tmeanit’sover.It’sachancetolearnandtryagain.___19___.___20___.Don’tbeafraidtoaskotherswhattheythinkaboutyourwork.Theadvicecantellyouwhatyou’regoodatandwhatyouneedtoworkon.Ithelpsyoufindoutwhereyoucangetbetter.Also,watchandlearnfromwhatothersdowellandwhattheydowrong.Youcanlearnalotfromtheirexperiencesanduseittohelpyourselfgrow.A.TakesomespecialistadviceB.FigureoutwhatwentwrongC.AskforadviceandlearnfromothersD.ThinkofthemaschancestolearnandgetbetterE.Thiswayofthinkingisdifferentfroma“fixedmindset”F.ItisveryimportantpsychologicallyforpeopletosucceedG.Remember,peoplewhokeeptryingusuallygettobesuccessful第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Iwastalkingtomygrandson,Youri,aboutwhatwewantedmostinlife.“I’dliketoseepenguins,”hesaid.“That’sfunny!Ihadthesame___21___whenIwasyourage,”Isaid.“Whypenguins?”Neitherofusknew.Perhapsbecausethisexotic(异国的)animalwas___22___tous.ThenearestpenguinslivedinsouthAmerica;weliveinFrance.Astimewentby,YouriandIcontinuedtotalkaboutpenguins,asifto___23___ourselvesthatweshouldalwaysmakeourdreamscometrue.Oneday,Ireceivedapostcardfromhim.Onthebackhehadwrittenthattheplacewasnice,butit___24___penguins.Thatinspiredsomething___25___me.I___26___mysavingsandsaidtohim,“Comeon,let’sgoand___27___them!”Atthetime,Iwas81andYouriwas14.We___28___together,allonourown.FromBuenosAires,wecrossedPatagoniabybustoTierradelFuego.Yourilookedaftermeevery___29___oftheway,frommakingsureIgotagoodroomatthehotelto___30___themenuformewiththelittleSpanishhespoke.Alongtheway,someFrenchtouristssaidtome,“You’re___31___tohavesuchagrandson!”Forme,mygrandson’s___32___madethistripthegreatestgiftofall.WesawthepenguinsbytheBeagleChannelinArgentina.Inthemiddleofacolony,anadultpenguinemergedfromthewaterand___33___itsyoung,spittingoutamouthfuloffishithadjustcaught.Itlookedexhausted.Theyoungeagerlyatethefish,andtheadultlayonitsside,eyeshalfclosed,looking___34___withitswork.Thesedays,Ifeellikethat___35___whenIlookatYouri,whoisnow20andknowshecandreambig.21.A.vision B.wonder C.dream D.option22.A.unfamiliar B.ungentle C.insecure D.inaccurate23.A.warn B.teach C.invite D.remind24.A.bagged B.lacked C.dropped D.housed25.A.at B.on C.in D.by26.A.dippedinto B.lookedinto C.actedon D.reflectedon27.A.catch B.feed C.see D.buy28.A.brokeoff B.setoff C.camedown D.settledown29.A.zone B.line C.mode D.inch30.A.translating B.providing C.managing D.updating31.A.ready B.lucky C.eager D.crazy32.A.birth B.advice C.presence D.courage33.A.advocated B.attacked C.amused D.approached34.A.satisfied B.careful C.patient D.blessed35.A.fish B.tourist C.postcard D.penguin第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填写1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。TheChineselanguage,withitsrichhistoryandcomplexsystemofcharacters,has___36___incredibleimpactonlanguagesaroundtheworld.FromneighboringcountrieslikeJapanandKoreatodistant___37___(region)likeIndonesiaandthePhilippines,Chineseleaves___38___(it)markoncountlesslanguagesanddialects.OneofthemostsignificantwaysChinesehasinfluencedotherlanguages___39___(be)throughitswritingsystem.Chinesecharactersareauniqueformofwritingthatusessymbolstorepresententirewordsorideas.Thismakestheman___40___(effect)toolforcommunication,butalsoonethatisdifficulttomaster.___41___thechallengesoflearningChinesecharacters,manylanguagesinEastAsiaadopttheminsomeform.Japanese,forexample,usesacombinationofChinesecharacters,___42___(call)kanji,alongwithtwosetsofsymbols,hiraganaandkatakana.KoreanalsousesmanyChinesecharacters,orhanja,althoughtheyaremuchlesscommonlyused___43___inJapan.Chinesealsocontributestothewordsandphrasesofneighboringlanguages.Japanesewordslikesushi,karaoke,andtyphoonallhavetheirrootsinChinese.___44___(similar),KoreanwordslikekimchiandtaekwondoareborrowedfromChinese.Sofar,theinfluenceofChineseonotherlanguagesinEastAsiahasbeenhuge,____45____showsitsimportanceasaculturalandlinguisticforceintheworldtoday.第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)46.假定你是李华，在春节期间，你学会了一道传统中国菜的制作方法。请给你的外国好友Jim写一封信，分享你的经历。内容包括：(1)简要介绍这道菜；(2)学习过程中的感受。注意：(1)写作词数应为80个左右；(2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearJim,_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua第二节(满分25分)47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。Foreightyears,Daisy,mybeloveddog,hadbeenmyfaithfulcompanion.Shewasmorethanjustapet;shewasmyfriend,andmysourceofcomfort.AsanEnglishteacher,Ispentlonghoursintheclassroom,butDaisywasalwaystherewhenIcamehome,wagginghertailandgreetingmewithexcitement,shehadawayofmakingthehardestdaysalittleeasier,justbybeingthere.Daisywasn’tjustanydog.Shehadagentlenatureandaheartfulloflove.IrememberthefirsttimeIbroughtherhome.Shewasjustatinypuppywithbigbrowneyesandsoft,goldenfur.Overtheyears,shegrewintoacalmandwisedog,