河南省百师联盟2025-2026学年高二上学期12月联考英语试卷（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1河南省百师联盟2025-2026学年高二上学期12月联考英语试卷第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatarethespeakersdoing?A.Attendingameeting.B.Preparingforameeting.C.Lookingthroughsomematerials.【答案】B【原文】W:Ihaveinformedeveryonethattherewillbeameetingthisafternoon.NowwhatshouldIdo?M:Great.Youneedtocheckthemeetingprocess.I’vealmostgotthemeetingmaterialsready.2.Whoisthemanprobablytalkingto?A.Acustomer. B.Awaitress. C.Achef.【答案】B【原文】W:Iseverythingtoyoursatisfaction,sir?M:Thefoodhereisnotasgoodasitusedtobe.Didyougetanewchefhere?W:No.Ourrestaurantownerchangedtherecipes.3.Howmanyhoursdoesthemansuggeststudyinginthelibraryaweek?A.4hours. B.5hours. C.8hours.【答案】C【原文】M:I’mgoingtosetupastudygroupforthefinalexams.W:Great!Countmein.Wecanmeetattheschoollibrary.M:Okay.Ithinkwecanmeettwiceaweek,from5:00p.m.to9:00p.m.Whatdoyouthink?4.WhatdoesthemanoffertodoforSuzy?A.Repairhercar.B.Bookaticketforher.C.Takehertotheairport.【答案】C【原文】M:Suzy,haveyoubookedtheflighttoSanFrancisco?W:Yes.Whydoyouaskthat?M:Icangiveyouaridetotheairport.W:Thatcouldn’tbebetter.Mycarisbeingrepaired.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Theirfavoritetypesofmusic.B.Differentkindsofinstruments.C.Theirfavoriterockstars.【答案】A【原文】W:Ilikelisteningtodifferentkindsofmusicsuchasjazzmusicandclassicalmusic.Whataboutyou?M:Ienjoyrockmusic.Ilikethedifferenttypesofinstrumentsusedinit.W:That’sagoodreasontolikerockmusic.Who’syourfavoriterockstar?第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。6.Wheredoesthewomanworknow?A.Inthelibrary. B.Inapetshop. C.Inasupermarket.7.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofhernewmanager?A.She’spatient. B.She’sclever. C.She’squiet.【答案】6.B7.A【原文】W:Hi,Karl!I’vegotanewjob.I’mworkinginthenewpetshop.Youknow,theonenexttothesupermarket.M:Whatabigchange!W:Iknow!IthoughtImightmissworkinginthelibrarybutIdon’t.Ilikethepresentjob.M:Sohowisthisjobdifferent?W:Icantalkwithcustomers.AndI’vealreadylearntsomuchaboutlookingafteranimals.Ilikemymanager.ShewillalwaystakethetimetoshowmehowtodosomethingifI’mnotsureaboutit.M:That’sgood.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。8.Whatdidthemandojustbeforetheconversation?A.Hedidsomereading.B.Herelaxedonabeach.C.Hewentfishing.9.WhywasGobyputonthebeach?A.Toattracttourists.B.Tointroducethebeach.C.Toactasarubbishbin.【答案】8.A9.C【原文】M:Ijustfinishedreadinganarticleabouthowmuchplasticwastethereisonthebeach.Itmademesad.W:Well,ifyouwalkonabeachyoucanseethatitistrue.Onsomebeaches,thereisplasticwasteeverywhere.Luckily,somepeoplecameupwithagoodideatohelpsolvethisproblem.M:Really?Whatdidtheydo?W:TheymadeahugefishcalledGobyandplaceditonthebeach.Thefish’smouthisopensopeoplecanputtheirlitterinit.M:Wow!That’scoolandithelpskeepthebeachclean.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。10.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inamuseum. B.Inanoffice. C.Inarestaurant.11.Whatdayisittoday?A.Monday. B.Tuesday. C.Friday.12.Whatdoesthewomandecidetodoatlast?A.Changethereservation.B.Waitforherturn.C.Comebacktomorrow.【答案】10.C11.A12.B【原文】W:Goodevening.We’rethepartyfromLimoCarRentals.We’vereservedatableforthisevening.M:Welcome!Butwe’reexpectingyoutomorrow.Letmecheck...Yes,LimoCars,partyoffivefor7:30onTuesday.Soit’stomorrow,nottoday.ThereservationwasmadebyMr.JonesonFriday.W:Yes,atfirst,wereservedforTuesday,butwechangedittoMondayinstead.Didn’tyougetacallthisafternoon?M:No.Atleast,there’snorecordofthatchangehereinthelist.PerhapsMr.Jonesforgottocallus.However,don’tworrytoomuch.Wemayhaveatablefreeinhalfanhourifyou’dliketowait.W:OK.We’lldothat.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。13.Whyisthewomanunabletoplaybadmintonwiththeman?A.Sheisbusy. B.Shegetsinjured. C.Shefeelstired.14.Whoisthemanprobably?A.Adoctor. B.Atrainer. C.Astudent.15.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.PracticeTaiChi.B.Havesomerest.C.Exercisewithhismum.16.Whatwillthewomandotomorrowevening?A.Visittheman’shouse.B.Takeapianolesson.C.Searchforsomevideos.【答案】13.B14.C15.A16.B【原文】M:Hi,Katie.Areyouallright?Youdon'tlookwell.W:No,mybackhurts.IwasskatingwithmysisterandIfellover.Thepainwasterrible!I'msorry,butIcan'tplaybadmintonwithyoutoday.M:It'sOK.Shallwegoforacoffee?Idon'thavetobeatmyclassuntiltwo.AndIdon'thavemuchhomeworktoday.W:OK.I'mabitworriedaboutmyback.Mydadhasabadback.Ithurtssometimes.Idon'twanttobelikethat.M:Well,mymumwasthesame,butnowshedoesTaiChiandshesaysthatreallyhelps.Maybeyoucantryittoo.W:Really?Butisn'tTaiChiforoldpeople?M:I'msurethatyoungpeoplecandoTaiChitoo,althoughit'struethatpeopleinmymum'sclassareaboutthesameageasher.Butyoudon'thavetogotoaclass—therearelotsofvideosonlinethatshowyouhowtodoit.W:Goodidea!Wouldyouliketotryittoo?M:Whynot?Let'smeettomorroweveningandfindsomevideos.Seveno'clockatmyhouse?W:Sorry,Ican't.Ihavetogotomypianolessons.ButThursdayeveningisgood.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。17.WhoisBenjaminFranklinaccordingtothetalk?A.TheforefatheroftheUSPostalsystem.B.ThefirstmantodelivermailintheUS.C.Oneofthepilotsflyingthemailinitially.18.Howlonghavemailmenbeendeliveringmailbyscooter(小型摩托车)?A.Over250years. B.Over200years. C.Over100years.19.Whendidwomenbegintotakecityroutestodelivermail?A.In1775. B.In1917. C.In1918.20.Whatwillthespeakerprobablytalkaboutnext?A.Anotherpersonwhoflewthemail.B.Astoryaboutafemalemailcarrier.C.Anorganizationthatdeliversmail.【答案】17.A18.C19.B20.A【原文】TheUSPostalsystemwasestablishedonJuly26th,1775,withfoundingfather,BenjaminFranklinasthefirstPostmasterGeneral.Itsetintomotionmuchofwhatwethinkoftodayasmaildelivery.AndthatsystemmostlyreliesonthetirelessdedicationofUSmailcarriers.Ifyouthinkpostaldeliverypeopleridingaroundonscootersisanewthing,we’reheretotellyou:mailmenhavebeendeliveringmailbyscooterformorethanacentury.Didyouknowthatwomenhavebeenworkingasmailcarrierssincetheturnofthe20thcentury?Womenwereinitiallyemployedonlytoserviceruralroutes.However,by1917,femalemailcarriershadbeguntakingcityroutes.Today,morethanone-thirdofalllettercarriersarewomen.ThefirstofficialairmailwasdeliveredonMay15th,1918.OfficerJamesClarkEdgertonwastheyoungestofthesixpilotswhofirstbegantoflythemail.HegotthejobbecauseofhisfatherwhoworkedfortheUSPostOfficeDepartment,accordingtotheSmithsonianPostalMuseum.Thenaboutanotherpilotofthesix...第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ATopTechnologyTrendsin2026Asweapproach2026,thetechnologicallandscapecontinuesitsconstantdevelopment.Accordingtothetechnologytrendnews,thesetrendsholdhugepotentialtorevolutionize(变革)variousindustriesandimproveouroverallqualityoflife.ArtificialIntelligence(AI)Movingbeyondbasicautomation,2026willwitnessthewidespreadintegrationofAIintoourdailyroutines.WecanexpecttoseemoreadvancedpersonalAIassistantscapableofanticipatingourneeds.Customerservicewillundergoasignificanttransformation,withAI-poweredchatbotsprovidingpersonalisedandefficientsupport.SmartCitiesEnvisionabigcitythatseamlessly(无空隙地)developsinresponsetoitsinhabitants’demandsimmediately.Trafficsignalsthatautomaticallychangewiththetrafficflow,andwastecollectionsystemsthatplanthemostefficientpickuproutes,wastesystemsthatimprovepickuppathsformaximumefficiency,andurbanframeworksthatemphasizeeco-friendlypriorities—thesearegoodexamplesoftheessenceofa“smartcity.”ExtendedReality(XR)ExtendedReality(XR),whichintegratesAugmentedReality(AR)andVirtualReality(VR),representscutting-edgeinnovationsbridgingthegapbetweenphysicalanddigitalworlds.Envisionimmersing(沉浸)yourselfinaliveconcertviaVRfromyourlivingroom,oraccessingAR-guidedtraininginafactorysetting,completelyreshapingtechnologyindailyandworkplaceenvironmentswithcooperationandefficiency.XRwillalsorevolutionizetrainingandinteractivelearning,whichmakeseducationmoreaccessibleandengagingfordiverselearnersacrosstheglobe.TheInternetofThings(IoT)TheInternetofThings(IoT)referstotheever-expandingnetworkofphysicaldevicesequippedwithsensorsandsoftware,allconnectedtotheInternet.Fromsmartappliancesandwearablehealthtrackerstoconnectedcarsandindustrialequipment,thenumberofIoTdevicesisexpectedtoexplodeandincreaseefficiencyin2026.21.Howdoestheauthorpresentthesmartcitytrend?A.Byexplainingterms.B.Bygivingexamples.C.Bymakingcontrasts.D.Byquotingfictionscenes.22.WhatisafeatureofXRtechnology?A.Combiningdigitalandrealenvironments.B.Replacingphysicalinteractionsentirely.C.Encouraginglearninginavirtualworld.D.Focusingmainlyonindustrialproduction.23.Whatisthecommongoalofthesetechnologicaltrends?A.Toreducehumaninvolvementatwork.B.Tocreategovernment-controlledsystems.C.Tosolvetheproblemofresourceshortage.D.Toraiseefficiencythroughsmarttechnology.【答案】21.B22.A23.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了2026年的五大科技趋势，包括人工智能、智慧城市、扩展现实、物联网，并阐述了这些技术趋势的特点和发展前景。【21题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Trafficsignalsthatautomaticallychangewiththetrafficflow,andwastecollectionsystemsthatplanthemostefficientpickuproutes,wastesystemsthatimprovepickuppathsformaximumefficiency,andurbanframeworksthatemphasizeeco-friendlypriorities—thesearegoodexamplesoftheessenceofa“smartcity.”（交通信号会随着车流量自动变化，垃圾收集系统会规划最高效的收集路线，垃圾处理系统会优化收集路径以实现效率最大化，城市框架会强调环保优先——这些都是“智慧城市”本质的很好例子)”可知，作者通过列举交通信号、垃圾收集系统等例子来呈现智慧城市的趋势。故选B项。【22题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“ExtendedReality(XR),whichintegratesAugmentedReality(AR)andVirtualReality(VR),representscutting-edgeinnovationsbridgingthegapbetweenphysicalanddigitalworlds.(扩展现实（XR）融合了增强现实（AR）和虚拟现实（VR），是连接物理世界和数字世界的尖端创新技术)”可知，XR技术的特点是连接物理世界和数字世界，也就是结合数字环境和真实环境。故选A项。【23题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段的“providingpersonalisedandefficientsupport(提供个性化高效的支持)”，第三段的“planthemostefficientpickuproutes(规划最高效的收集路线)”，第四段“reshapingtechnologyindailyandworkplaceenvironmentswithcooperationandefficiency(以协作和高效重塑日常和工作场所的技术环境)”以及第五段的“increaseefficiencyin2026(在2026年提高效率)”可推断，这些技术趋势的共同目标是通过智能技术提高效率。故选D项。BTejasviManoj,a17-year-oldsenioratLebanonTrailHighSchoolinFrisco,Texas,hasbeennamedthe2025TIMEKidoftheYearforherinnovativeworkprotectingseniorsfromonlinescams(诈骗).Outof74millionchildrenintheU.S.,ManojstoodoutforcreatingShieldSeniors,awebsitedesignedtohelpolderadultsidentifyandreportcheatingemailsandtexts.TheinspirationforShieldSeniorsstartedinFebruary2024,whenManoj,thena16-year-oldjunior,learnedthather85-year-oldgrandfatherhadnearlyfallenvictim(受害者)toanemailscamrequesting$2,000.Herfatherintervened,confirmingwithherunclethattherequestwascheating.Alarmedbytheincident,Manojresearchedcybercrimeanddiscoveredthatscamstargetingseniorscausednearly$5billioninlossesin2024.Determinedtoact,ManojbuiltShieldSeniors,asitethatallowsuserstouploadsuspiciousmessagesforanalysisandprovideslinkstoreportscam.Stillinprivatepreviewmoderequiringfurtherdevelopmentandfunding,thewebsitehasalreadyearnedheranhonorablementioninthe2024CongressionalAppChallenge.Manojhasalsodeliveredatalkatlocalseniorlivingfacilitiesaboutcybercrimeprevention.“Iremembergoingtomyfirstspeech,andIwassupernervous,”Manojsaid.“Whatifnooneshowsup?WhatifItotallymessup?”Herfearswereunfounded.Thereweresomanypeoplewhowerereallyinterested—takingnotesontheirnotepads.“Thisissupposedtobringpeopleasenseof‘You’renotalone,’”Manojsaid.“Alotofpeopleareembarrassedthattheygotscammed,butthisisn’tsomethingyoushouldbeembarrassedabout.It’sjustalearningexperience.Youshouldreportittohelpmakesureitdoesn’thappentoanyoneelse.”Manoj’scoding(编码)skills,developedsinceeighthgradethroughcybersecurityclasseswerecriticaltobuildingShieldSeniors.“Ireallylovethefactthatyoucansolveproblemswithyourcomputer,andIreallylikecreating,”shesaid.Beyondhertechachievements,Manojalsoplaysviolininherschoolbandandvolunteersextensively.24.WhydidManojcreateShieldSeniors?A.Towinanationaltechnologycompetition.B.Tohelphergrandfatherrecoverlostmoney.C.Todevelopherpotentialskillsincybersecurity.D.Topreventseniorsfromexperiencingonlinescams.25.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“suspicious”meaninparagraph3?A.Questionable. B.Reliable.C.Exceptional. D.Complex.26.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeManoj?A.Braveandambitious.B.Creativeandcaring.C.Generousandcooperative.D.Cautiousanddemanding.27.What’sthebesttitleforthetext?A.ANewStrategyforPreventingOnlineScams.B.ATeenNamed2025TIMEKidoftheYear.C.HowaTeenBeatOthersandWasAwardedbyTIME.D.HowaStudentLearnedCodingandBuiltaWebsite.【答案】24.D25.A26.B27.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了17岁少女TejasviManoj因开发防诈骗网站ShieldSeniors，保护老年人免受网络诈骗，荣获2025年《时代》杂志年度儿童奖的故事。【24题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Outof74millionchildrenintheU.S.,ManojstoodoutforcreatingShieldSeniors,awebsitedesignedtohelpolderadultsidentifyandreportcheatingemailsandtexts.(在美国7400万儿童中，Manoj因创建了ShieldSeniors网站而脱颖而出，该网站旨在帮助老年人识别和举报欺诈性电子邮件和短信)”可知，Manoj创建ShieldSeniors是为了保护老年人免受网络诈骗。故选D项。【25题详析】词句猜测题。根据划线词所在句“asitethatallowsuserstouploadsuspicious

messagesforanalysisandprovideslinkstoreportscam.(网站允许用户上传suspicious信息进行分析，并提供举报诈骗的链接)”可知，网站上分析的对象是可能涉及诈骗的信息，因此“suspicious”意为“可疑的，值得怀疑的”，与A项“Questionable”同义。故选A项。【26题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段中“Outof74millionchildrenintheU.S.,ManojstoodoutforcreatingShieldSeniors,awebsitedesignedtohelpolderadultsidentifyandreportcheatingemailsandtexts.(在美国7400万儿童中，Manoj因创建了ShieldSeniors网站而脱颖而出，该网站旨在帮助老年人识别和举报欺诈性电子邮件和短信)”和最后一段中“Manoj’scoding(编码)skills,developedsinceeighthgradethroughcybersecurityclasseswerecriticaltobuildingShieldSeniors.(Manoj从八年级开始通过网络安全课程培养的编码技能，对建立ShieldSeniors网站至关重要)”可知，Manoj创建了ShieldSeniors网站，由此可推测，她很有创造力(creative)，且她开发网站是为了保护老年人免受网络诈骗，由此可推测，她很有爱心(caring)，所以Manoj是一个有创造力和有爱心的人。故选B项。【27题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“TejasviManoj,a17-year-oldsenioratLebanonTrailHighSchoolinFrisco,Texas,hasbeennamedthe2025TIMEKidoftheYearforherinnovativeworkprotectingseniorsfromonlinescams(诈骗).(德克萨斯州弗里斯科黎巴嫩步道高中17岁的高三学生TejasviManoj因其保护老年人免受网络诈骗的创新工作，被评为2025年《时代》杂志年度儿童)”可知，本文主要介绍了17岁少女TejasviManoj因开发防诈骗网站ShieldSeniors，保护老年人免受网络诈骗，荣获2025年《时代》杂志年度儿童奖的故事，所以B项“ATeenNamed2025TIMEKidoftheYear(一名被评为2025年《时代》杂志年度儿童的青少年)”能概括文章内容，适合作为文章标题。故选B项。CAgroupofchildrencarriesaheavylog(原木),debatingwhereitshouldgo.Oneclimbsatree,catchinghershirtonabranch.Anotherdrawsatreasuremapinthemud.Nearby,noparentsdirecttheiractionsorwarnthemto“becareful.”Scientistsstressthistrendmattersbecauseunstructuredplayactsasabraintrainingground.“Activitieslikebalancingonlogsordiscussinggamerulesimproveindependenceandriskjudgmentskills.Swinging,runningandjumpinghelpmanageemotionsbyengagingrhythmsensitivebrainregions,whilealsostrengtheningtheprefrontalcortex(前额皮质),responsibleforplanninganddecision-making,”saysEllenSandseter,ProfessoratQueenMaudUniversityCollege.Nature,asProfessorLouiseChawlafromUniversityofColoradoBouldernotes,providesanunlimitedrangeof“canIdoit?”challengesthatman-madestructurescannotmatch.Thisenvironmentpromotescooperationbecauseitmotivatesgroupprojects,likecastle-buildingor“cooking”withdirtandflowers.Whenconflictsarise,kidshaveastrongermotivationtoresolvethem,buildingessentiallifelongcommunicationskills.Unlikestructuredactivities,freeplayletskidsdevelopexecutive(执行的)functionindependently.Withoutthispractice,theymaystrugglewithunpredictablereal-lifesituationslater.Despitetheprovenbenefits,thereremainobstacles.Manykidslivewithoutsafegreenplayareasnearby.IntheU.S.,somestatesstillhaverulesthatmakeitharderforchildrentoexploreontheirown.Parentsmayalsofacesafetyconcerns,schedulepressures,orlimitedbasicfacilities.Thepotentialcostofaninjuryaddsanotherbarriertolettingchildrentakerisksoutdoors.Expertssuggestthatevensmall-scaleinteractionswithnaturalelementscanbebeneficial.Bringplants,water,orsandplayindoors,orletkidscollectleavesorfeathersforsensoryplay.Anyamountofnatureisbetterthannone.“Playingwithnatureisn’tjustgoodforchildren,”Chawlasays.“It’sgoodforthenaturebalance.Peoplewhospendtimeinnatureaschildrenaremorelikelytocareforitasadults.”28.Whatisthe“wildchildsummer”trendmainlyabout?A.Teensgiveupscreentimecompletely.B.Childrenlearnsurvivalskillsinnature.C.Kidsexploreoutdoorsbythemselves.D.Familiestraveltogreenareastogether.29.WhatdoesEllenSandsetertrytoexplaininparagraph2?A.Theapproachestotrainingbrain.B.Themotivationforunstructuredplay.C.Thebenefitsofunstructuredplaytobrain.D.Thewaystomanageemotionsoutdoors.30.Whatadvantagedoesnaturalplayhaveoverstructuredactivities?A.Itimproveskids’curiosityinchallenges.B.Itstrengthenschildren’srisk-judgmentskills.C.Itgreatlyremovesconflictsamongchildren.D.Itprepareskidsforreal-worlduncertainties.31.Whatdoexpertsadvisewhensafegreenareasareunavailable?A.Playwithnaturalmaterialsindoors.B.Inspirekidstojoinstructuredsports.C.Takemorefamilytripsonweekends.D.Urgecityplannerstotakemeasures.【答案】28.C29.C30.D31.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了“野孩子之夏”，即无成人监督的户外自由玩耍趋势，阐述其对儿童大脑发育、社交技能的益处，以及其面临的现实障碍，并给出相关建议。【28题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“This“wildchildsummer”trend,featuringfreeoutdoorplay,ispushingbackagainstoverscheduleddaysandscreen-heavyroutines.(这种“野孩子之夏”的趋势，强调了自由的户外活动，旨在对抗日程安排过于紧凑和屏幕使用过度的日常生活模式)”可知，该趋势的核心是让孩子们自己在户外探索。故选C。【29题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段““Activitieslikebalancingonlogsordiscussinggamerulesimproveindependenceandriskjudgmentskills.Swinging,runningandjumpinghelpmanageemotionsbyengagingrhythmsensitivebrainregions,whilealsostrengtheningtheprefrontalcortex(前额皮质),responsibleforplanninganddecision-making,”saysEllenSandseter,ProfessoratQueenMaudUniversityCollege.(“比如在原木上保持平衡或讨论游戏规则，这些活动能提高独立性和风险判断能力。荡秋千、奔跑和跳跃能通过激活对节奏敏感的大脑区域来帮助管理情绪，同时还能强化前额叶皮层，该区域负责规划和决策，”女王莫德大学学院的教授EllenSandseter说道)”可知，EllenSandseter解释了无监管的户外玩耍对大脑发育的好处。故选C。【30题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段“Unlikestructuredactivities,freeplayletskidsdevelopexecutive(执行的)functionindependently.Withoutthispractice,theymaystrugglewithunpredictablereal-lifesituationslater.(与有组织的活动不同，自由玩耍能让孩子们独立地发展执行功能。如果没有这种实践，他们日后可能会在不可预测的现实生活情境中遇到困难)”可推断，自然玩耍的优势是让孩子适应现实世界的不确定性。故选D。【31题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Expertssuggestthatevensmall-scaleinteractionswithnaturalelementscanbebeneficial.Bringplants,water,orsandplayindoors,orletkidscollectleavesorfeathersforsensoryplay.Anyamountofnatureisbetterthannone.“Playingwithnatureisn’tjustgoodforchildren,”Chawlasays.“It’sgoodforthenaturebalance.Peoplewhospendtimeinnatureaschildrenaremorelikelytocareforitasadults.”(专家建议，即使是与自然元素的小规模互动也可能是有益的。可以把植物、水或沙子游戏带进室内，或者让孩子们收集树叶或羽毛来进行感官游戏。任何量的自然元素都比没有好。“与大自然玩耍不仅对孩子们有益，”Chawla说。“对自然的平衡也有益。小时候在大自然中度过时间的人长大后更有可能关心自然。”)”可知，当没有安全的绿地可供利用时，专家建议在室内使用天然材料进行玩耍。故选A。DOneperson’strashmightbeanotherperson’sjetfuel(燃料)?Itsoundsstrange,butresearchersfromtheUniversityofIllinoisUrbana-Champaignbelievethatthey’vefiguredoutaprocesstomakethisareality—atleastonasmallscale.Thisweek,inNatureCommunications,theagriculturalengineerssharedastrategyfortakingfoodwaste,turningitintobiofuel,andthen“upgrading”thatfuelintojetfuelthatcangostraightintoaplanewithoutrequiringanyadditivesormixingwithfossil(化石)fuels.Theycomparedtheirnovelfuelagainstindustrystandardsandfoundthatitmetalltherequirementsforconventionaljetfuel.“Intraditionaleconomicmodel,wemakethings,usethem,thenthrowthemaway,”saidProfessorYuanhuiZhang,aleadauthorofthestudy.“Inthisproject,wetakethewasteandrecovertheenergyandmaterialstomakeausableproduct.Thisfillsagapintherecyclingeconomy.”TheU.S.EnvironmentalProtectionAgencysaystransportaccountedforabout29%ofgreenhousegasemissionsintheU.S.in2022.Commercialplanesmadeup7%ofthat.Carshavecutemissionslatelythankstoelectricpower.Butelectricplanesonlyworkforshortflights—theydon’thaveenoughenergyforlongtrips(jetfuelhas50timesmoreenergyperkilogramthanlithium-ionbatteries).Soplanesareleftbehindincuttingemissions.SustainableAviationFuel(SAF),madefromorganicmaterials,couldreduceflightemissionsbyupto80%comparedtoconventionaljetfuel.ButSAFforplanesishardtomake—becauseitschemicalcompositiondoesn’tmeetstrictrequirementsforjetfuel.That’swherefoodwastehelps:theteamcollectedlocalfoodwasteandcopiedtheEarth’snaturaloil-formingprocesstomakecrudeoil(原油).Then,theyremovedsalt,ash,water,andgastoturnthiscrudeoilintojetfuel.Rightnow,thisisjustatesttoshowtheideaworks.Butitgiveshope:wehavelotsoffoodwaste,andthiscouldhelpairlinesreachtheirbiggoal—net-zerocarbonemissionsinthreedecades.32.Whatcanwelearnaboutthefood-wastefuel?A.It’ssuitableforplaneuse. B.It’seasytomass-produce.C.It’sdirectlyturnedfrombiofuel. D.It’scheaperthantraditionalfuels.33.WhatdoesProfessorYuanhuiZhangthinkoftheproject?A.Itsimplifiesenergyproduction. B.Itshapesfutureeconomicmode.C.Itrejectstraditionaleconomyentirely. D.Itcontributestorecyclingpractices.34.Whatdoesparagraph4mainlyfocuson?A.Howelectriccarsareenvironmental. B.Howtoreducetransportemissions.C.Whyplanescutemissionsslowly. D.Whyjetfuelconsumesmoreenergy.35.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A.Thefood-wastejetfueliswidelyusednow.B.Foodwastemayhelpairlines’emissiongoals.C.Foodwasteisthebestrawmaterialforjetfuel.D.Net-zerocarbonemissionswillbeachievedsoon.【答案】32.A33.D34.C35.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，介绍美国伊利诺伊大学厄巴纳—香槟分校研究人员将餐厨废物转化为航空燃料的一项新成果。【32题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Thisweek,inNatureCommunications,theagriculturalengineerssharedastrategyfortakingfoodwaste,turningitintobiofuel,andthen“upgrading”thatfuelintojetfuelthatcangostraightintoaplanewithoutrequiringanyadditivesormixingwithfossil(化石)fuels.Theycomparedtheirnovelfuelagainstindustrystandardsandfoundthatitmetalltherequirementsforconventionaljetfuel.(本周，在《自然通讯》杂志上，这些农业工程师们分享了一种将食物废弃物转化为生物燃料，并将其“升级”为可直接用于飞机的航空燃料（无需任何添加剂或与化石燃料混合）的策略。他们将这种新型燃料与行业标准进行了比较，结果发现其完全符合传统航空燃料的所有要求。)”可知，该燃料适合作为飞机燃料使用。故选A。【33题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段““Intraditionaleconomicmodel,wemakethings,usethem,thenthrowthemaway,”saidProfessorYuanhuiZhang,aleadauthorofthestudy.“Inthisproject,wetakethewasteandrecovertheenergyandmaterialstomakeausableproduct.Thisfillsagapintherecyclingeconomy.”(“在传统的经济模式中，我们制造物品，使用它们，然后将其丢弃。”该研究的主要作者袁辉教授说道。“在这个项目中，我们利用废弃物，回收其中的能量和材料，从而制造出可用的产品。这填补了循环经济中的一个空白。”)”可知，张教授认为此项目促进了废物再利用实践。故选D。【34题详析】主旨大意题。根据第四段“TheU.S.EnvironmentalProtectionAgencysaystransportaccountedforabout29%ofgreenhousegasemissionsintheU.S.in2022.Commercialplanesmadeup7%ofthat.Carshavecutemissionslatelythankstoelectricpower.Butelectricplanesonlyworkforshortflights—theydon’thaveenoughenergyforlongtrips(jetfuelhas50timesmoreenergyperkilogramthanlithium-ionbatteries).Soplanesareleftbehindincuttingemissions.(美国环境保护署表示，2022年，交通运输业在美国内部温室气体排放总量中占比约29%。其中，商用飞机的排放量占7%。得益于电力驱动，汽车的排放量近期有所降低。但电动飞机仅适用于短途飞行——它们的能量不足以支持长途飞行（每千克燃油的能量是锂离子电池的50倍）。因此，在减排方面，飞机仍处于落后地位。)”可知，整段的核心是解释飞机减排速度慢的原因。故选C。【35题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Butitgiveshope:wehavelotsoffoodwaste,andthiscouldhelpairlinesreachtheirbiggoal—net-zerocarbonemissionsinthreedecades.(但这一发现仍能带来希望：我们有大量的食物废弃物，这或许能帮助航空公司实现其宏伟目标——在三十年内实现碳排放量为零。)”可知，餐厨废物可能有助于航空公司实现排放目标。故选B。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Everyonehasexperiencedarangeofemotions:bothpositiveandnegative.Unfortunately,peoplewishtocontroltheiremotionsbutendupbeingcontrolledbythesameemotions.Someonemightgetupset,nervousandendupcausingmoreself-destructionorharm.____36____Forinstance,feelingangryisonethatsomethingwrongishappening.Belowwe’llexplorehowtocontrolyouremotions.Acknowledgeyouremotions.Thefirststepindealingwithyouremotionsistoacknowledgeyourcurrentfeelingsaboutthesituation.____37____It’sessentialtounderstandifyou’reoverreactingtoaproblemsothatyoucantakestepstostarttheemotionmanagementprocess.Acknowledgingyourfeelingswillhelpyouunderstandwhatyou’redealingwithrightnowtogetthebestoutcomes.____38____Sometimes,youremotionscancomefromfactorslikelifehardships,stress,beingalone,orevennotgettingenoughdeepsleep.Allthesefactorshaveadirectlinkwithhumanemotions.Therefore,it’sessentialtopracticeself-careideasasapriorityforyouroverallwell-being.Forinstance,havingright-brainactivitieslikedrawing,playingmusic,orotheractivitiescanalsohelpsilencenegativethoughts.Giveyourselfspace.Althoughbeingalonetoooftenisn’tagoodid