浙江绍兴市诸暨市2025-2026学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1浙江绍兴市诸暨市2025-2026学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题第一部分：听力(略)第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15个小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该选项标号涂黑。(A)AllareWelcome—SanFranciscoPublicLibrary(SFPL)ResidentsofCaliforniamayreceiveafreelibrarycard.ASanFranciscoPublicLibrarycardopensthedoortoaworldofinformationandentertainment.Inadditiontoborrowingbooks,LPs,andmuseumpasses,yourcardallowsyoutodownloaddigitalmedia,useelectronicdatabases,takeonlineclasses,uselibrarycomputersandprinterstocopy,scan,andfaxandmore.Applyonline(orfilloutandprintthepaperapplication)andthenpresentavalid(有效的)photoIDinpersonatanySFPLlocationtoreceivealibrarycard.TheLibrarydoesnotissuelibrarycardsonline;youmustvisitinperson.Peopleages13-18canshowIDorhaveaparent/guardian(监护人)sign.Aparent/guardianmustsignforanyoneunderage13.SanFranciscoresidentswhohaveadisability/long-termmedicalconditionthatpreventsyoufromvisitingtheLibrarymayuseHomeLibraryServices.EducatorslivingorworkinginSFmayapplyforaTeacherCard.SFPLalsooffersWelcome,DigitalAccess,andVisitorcardsforthosewhodon’thaveCAID.Visitorcardscost$10andarevalidfor3months.YourlibrarycardandPIN(PersonalIdentificationNumber)areusedtoaccessyouronlineaccountatsflibI./patroninfo.YoumaywishtoregisterforaBiblioCommonsaccountaswellanduseittotrackyourcheckoutsandmore.Ifyouareloggingintothisaccountforthefirsttime,youwillneedtoenteryour14-digitcardnumber(username)andPIN/password(password).ResetYourPIN/PasswordIfyouhaveforgottenyourPIN/passwordorneedtoresetit,usethePIN/passwordresettoolat/pinreset.1.Whatisthepurposeofissuingthefreelibrarycard?A.Toboostbooksalesworldwide. B.Topromotetheuseofresources.C.Toemphasizeextensivereading. D.Tomakethelibraryknowntoall.2.Whatisamustintheapplicationforalibrarycard?A.BeingalegalresidentofCalifornia. B.Theformbearingthesignatureofaparent.C.PresentingavalidphotoIDinperson. D.VisitorsstayinginCAforatleast3months.3.Whattypeisthisarticle?A.BlogPost. B.Advertisement. C.SalesCopy. D.ServiceGuide.【答案】1.B2.C3.D【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了旧金山公共图书馆（SFPL）借书证的申请条件、办理方式、使用方法以及密码重置等相关信息。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“ASanFranciscoPublicLibrarycardopensthedoortoaworldofinformationandentertainment.Inadditiontoborrowingbooks,LPs,andmuseumpasses,yourcardallowsyoutodownloaddigitalmedia,useelectronicdatabases,takeonlineclasses,uselibrarycomputersandprinterstocopy,scan,andfaxandmore.(一张旧金山公共图书馆借书证能打开通往信息和娱乐世界的大门。除了借阅书籍、黑胶唱片和博物馆通行证外，您的借书证还允许您下载数字媒体、使用电子数据库、参加在线课程、使用图书馆电脑和打印机进行复印、扫描和传真等。)”可知，发放免费借书证的目的是促进图书馆各类资源的使用。故选B。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Applyonline(orfilloutandprintthepaperapplication)andthenpresentavalidphotoIDinpersonatanySFPLlocationtoreceivealibrarycard.(在线申请（或填写并打印纸质申请表），然后亲自到任意旧金山公共图书馆地点出示有效的带照片身份证件，即可领取借书证。)”可知，申请借书证必须亲自出示有效的带照片身份证件。故选C。【3题详析】推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章详细介绍了旧金山公共图书馆借书证的办理、使用等实用信息，属于服务指南类文本。故选D。(B)Inthelivelyworldoftechnologicalwonders,onewoman’squietdevotionhasbeenprotectingtheveryheartofourplanet.Dr.SylviaEarle,anAmericanmarine(海洋的)biologistandoceanographer,hasspentoversevendecadesasachampionfortheworld’soceans.Herjourney,markedbygroundbreakingexplorationandtirelessadvocacy,hasearnedherthemoniker“HerDeepness.”Herdeepconnectionbeganinchildhoodandsolidifiedintoalifelongcause.In1970,sheledthehistoricTektiteIIproject,commandingthefirstall-femaleteamofaquanauts(海底观察员)wholivedinanunderwaterhabitatfortwoweeks,conductingpioneeringresearch.Thiswasmerelyanopening.Adecadelater,shewalkedontheseaflooratarecorddepthof1,250feetinaspecializedsuit,experiencingtheocean’ssolitudefirsthand.Herscientificworkhasbeenfundamental,cataloguingthousandsofmarinespeciesandrevealingthecomplex,delicatewebofdeep-seaecosystems.Dr.Earle’sgreatestcontribution,however,ishertransformativevoiceasapublicadvocate.Witnessingtheintensifyingdeclineofcoralreefs(珊瑚礁)andmarinebiodiversity,sheusedhercredibilityasascientisttosoundthealarm.In2009,shefoundedMissionBlue,inspiringaglobalassociationtoestablish“HopeSpots”—vitalmarineareasconsideredcriticaltotheocean’shealth,similartounderwaternationalparks.HerpowerfulTEDtalksandaward-winningdocumentarieshavetranslatedcomplexmarinescienceintoaconvincingandurgentnarrativeabouttheocean’sroleinregulatingclimateandsupportingalllife.Nowinherlate80s,Dr.Earlecontinuestodiveandcampaignwithpassion.Fromherearlydaysbreakingbarriersinamale-dominatedfieldtohercurrentroleasarespectedelderstateswomanfortheplanet,herlifeisatestament(证明)tounwaveringpassion.Dr.SylviaEarleismorethananexplorer;sheistheocean’smostloyalguardian.Herlegacyremindsusthattoknowandunderstandtheblueheartofourplanetisthefirstandmostcrucialstepinfightingforitsfuture.4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“moniker”mostprobablymean?A.Occupation. B.Approval. C.Qualification. D.Title.5.HowdoesDr.Earlerevealthetruepictureofthedeep-seaecosystems?A.Bydoingon-siteresearch. B.Bylistingconvincingnumbers.C.Bycitinghistoricalrecords. D.Bymakingprojectpresentations.6.WhatisDr.Earle’scontributionmentionedinparagraph3?A.Herconsistentdata. B.Hertirelessadvocacy.C.Hercriticalattitude. D.Herinsightfulanalysis.7.WhatcanDr.SylviaEarleliterallybereferredtoas?A.Afashioncelebrity. B.Aculturalmessenger.C.Anoceanguardian. D.Aheritageenthusiast.【答案】4.D5.A6.B7.C【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了西尔维亚·厄尔博士七十余年致力于海洋保护，亲身实地探索深海，创立组织倡导环保，被誉为海洋守护者。她的行动提醒人们要关注并守护地球海洋生态。【4题详析】词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Herjourney,markedbygroundbreakingexplorationandtirelessadvocacy,hasearnedherthe(她的这段历程充满了开创性的探索和不懈的倡导，这使她赢得了……)”以及后文“HerDeepness”可知，厄尔博士的这段历程为她赢得了“HerDeepness”这个称号。故划线词意思是“称号、绰号”。故选D。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“In1970,sheledthehistoricTektiteIIproject,commandingthefirstall-femaleteamofaquanauts(海底观察员)wholivedinanunderwaterhabitatfortwoweeks,conductingpioneeringresearch.Thiswasmerelyanopening.Adecadelater,shewalkedontheseaflooratarecorddepthof1,250feetinaspecializedsuit,experiencingtheocean’ssolitudefirsthand.(1970年，她主持了具有历史意义的“海底基地二号”项目，率领首支全女性海底观察员团队在水下栖息地生活两周，开展开创性研究。这仅仅是开端。十年后，她身着特制潜水服，在1250英尺的创纪录深度漫步海底，亲身体验海洋的寂寞)”可知，厄尔博士通过实地考察揭示深海生态系统真实面貌。故选A。【6题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Dr.Earle’sgreatestcontribution,however,ishertransformativevoiceasapublicadvocate.(然而，厄尔博士最大的贡献在于她作为公共倡导者的具有变革力量的声音)”可知，第三段中提到的厄尔博士的贡献是她不懈的倡导。故选B。【7题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Dr.SylviaEarleismorethananexplorer;sheistheocean’smostloyalguardian.(西尔维亚·厄尔博士不仅是一位探险家，更是一位对海洋忠心耿耿的守护者)”可知，西尔维亚·厄尔博士可以被称作海洋守护者。故选C。(C)Onceanignoredindustrialwaterfrontlinedwithabandonedstorehousesandpollutedsoil,thenewlyopenedHarmonyParkisgreatlytransformingthecity’slandscapeandthelivesofitsresidents.Morethanjustagreenspace,this50-hectare(公顷)urbanecologicalparkrepresentsaboldsteptowardssustainable(可持续的)cityliving,demonstratinghownaturecanbeperfectlyandproductivelywovenbackintotheconcretejungleofametropolis(大都市).Designedwithadvancedecologicalengineeringprinciples,theparkfunctionsasafullyintegratedecosystem.Over20,000nativetreesandbushes,includingdrought-resistantoaks,lindens,andexpansivepollinator-friendlywildflowermeadows,formamulti-layeredhabitatfordiverselocalspecies.Birdmonitoringhasalreadydocumentedthereturnofkingfishers,whilesensor-equipped“hedgehoghighways”underpathwayssafeguardsmallanimalmovement.Thepark’scenterpieceisa3-hectareconstructedwetland,fedentirelybyanadvancedrainwaterharvestingsystemthatcollectswaterfromthepark’spathwaysandsevengreenroofsonsitestructures.Thisnaturalfiltration(过滤)systemprocessesanestimated15,000cubicmetersofwaterannually,removingover80%ofpollutantsbeforecleanwaterslowlyrechargesthe-nearbyriver,wherenativefishpopulationsarerebounding(回升).Forcitizens,theparkdeliversmeasurable,multi-layeredbenefits.Its5kilometersofaccessibletrails,outdoorclassroomswithreal-timeenvironmentaldatadisplays,andoverthirtycommunitygardenplotspromotehealth,education,andsocialunity.Crucially,itservesasavital“coolingisland.”Amunicipalsensornetworkshowsthepark’scoretemperaturecanbeupto5-7degreesCelsiuslowerthanthesurroundingasphalt-heavydistrictsonasummerafternoon,withthecoolingeffectperceptibleupto500metersdownwind.Thetreesactasanaturalairfilter,estimatedtotrap2-3tonsofPMannually,whilevegetationbeltsreducetrafficnoisebyasignificant10decibels,creatingazoneoftranquility.HarmonyParkplays,therefore,farmorethanitsrecreational(娱乐的)role;itiscriticalmunicipalgreeninfrastructure(基础设施).Itisanidealexampleofurbanplanning,whereenvironmentalrepair,climaterecovery,andcommunityhealtharefundamentallyinterconnected.Asglobalcitiesgrowmorecrowdedandfacerisingclimatepressures,suchcarefullyandsystematicallydesigned,multi-functionalecologicalspacesarenotaluxury,butanessentialinvestment(投资)inasustainableandtrulylivableurbanfuture.8.Whatcanwelearnabouttheparkfromparagraph2?A.Itsintegratedecosystem. B.Itsrecreationalfunction.C.Itsphilosophicalprinciples. D.Itsabstractdesignconcept.9.Howdoestheparkbenefitcitizens?A.Itmonitorstheirleisure. B.Itremovessocialconflicts.C.Itensurestheirwell-being. D.Itprovidescoolnessandquiet.10.Whichwordbestdescribestheplanningofthepark?A.Money-consuming. B.Conventional.C.Forward-looking. D.Contradictory.11.Whatisthepassagegenerallyabout?A.Whyvastcityparkswillgainpopularityinmoderncities.B.HowHarmonyParkBreathesNewLifeintoMetropolis.C.WhatdistinguishesHarmonyParkfromothersofitskind.D.Wherethevalueofinvestmentinecologicalspaceslies.【答案】8.A9.D10.C11.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了和谐公园通过生态设计改善城市环境并为居民带来多重益处。【8题详析】主旨大意题。根据第二段中“Designedwithadvancedecologicalengineeringprinciples,theparkfunctionsasafullyintegratedecosystem.(该公园采用先进的生态工程原理设计，作为一个完全集成的生态系统运行)”可知，本段主要介绍了公园的生态系统，故选A。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Amunicipalsensornetworkshowsthepark’scoretemperaturecanbeupto5-7degreesCelsiuslowerthanthesurroundingasphalt-heavydistrictsonasummerafternoon,withthecoolingeffectperceptibleupto500metersdownwind.(市政传感器网络显示，在夏季的某个下午，公园的核心温度可比周边沥青路面众多的区域低达5至7摄氏度，且这种降温效果在顺风方向500米范围内均可感知)”可知，该公园能为市民提供凉爽和安静的环境。故选D。【10题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Asglobalcitiesgrowmorecrowdedandfacerisingclimatepressures,suchcarefullyandsystematicallydesigned,multi-functionalecologicalspacesarenotaluxury,butanessentialinvestment(投资)inasustainableandtrulylivableurbanfuture.(随着全球城市变得越来越拥挤，面临着越来越大的气候压力，这样精心和系统设计、多功能的生态空间不是奢侈品，而是对可持续和真正宜居的城市未来的必要投资)”可知，公园的规划是具有前瞻性的。故选C。【11题详析】主旨大意题。根据全文内容，特别是第一段中“Onceanignoredindustrialwaterfrontlinedwithabandonedstorehousesandpollutedsoil,thenewlyopenedHarmonyParkisgreatlytransformingthecity’slandscapeandthelivesofitsresidents.(曾经是一个被忽视的工业滨水区，到处都是废弃的仓库和污染的土壤，新开放的和谐公园正在极大地改变城市的景观和居民的生活)”以及最后一段中“HarmonyParkplays,therefore,farmorethanitsrecreational(娱乐的)role;itiscriticalmunicipalgreeninfrastructure(基础设施).Itisanidealexampleofurbanplanning,whereenvironmentalrepair,climaterecovery,andcommunityhealtharefundamentallyinterconnected.(因此，和谐公园的作用远远不止娱乐；它是重要的市政绿色基础设施。这是城市规划的一个理想范例，环境修复、气候恢复和社区健康从根本上相互联系)”可知，文章主要讲述了和谐公园如何为城市注入新的活力。故选B。(D)Haveyoueverwokenupwithaclearanswertoaproblemthatpuzzledyouthenightbefore?Scientistshavelongknownthatsleephelpsmemory,butagroundbreakingstudyfromtheUniversityofOxfordnowrevealshow—andit’smoreactivethanweeverimagined.Usinganew,ultra-sensitivebrainimagingtechniqueonsleepingmice,researchersobservedafascinatingnight-timeactivity.Whilethebodyisstill,thebrain’shippocampus(海马体)—theareakeyformemory—replaystheday’seventsathighspeed,likeamovieonfast-forward.Buthere’sthekeypart:thisreplayisn’tjustrandom(随机的).Thebrainactivelyselectswhichmemoriestostrengthen.Duringdeepsleep,itprioritizes(优先)replayingorderslinkedtoafuturereward.Intheexperiment,micethatfoundfoodinamazehadthatspecificroute“replayed”muchmorefrequentlyduringsleepthanlesssuccessfulpaths.It’sasifthebrainsortsthroughtheday’sfiles,tagsthemostimportantones,andsavesthemtothelong-termstorageofthecortex(大脑皮层).“We’vemovedfromknowingsleepisimportantformemorytoseeingthemechanismofselectioninrealtime,”saidleadresearcherDr.AnyaSharma.“Thesleepingbrainisn’tpassive;it’sasmart,efficienteditor,decidingwhattokeepandwhattogetridof.”Thisdiscoveryhashugeimplications.Itexplainswhystudyingintensivelythroughoutthenightoftenfails—withoutsleep,there’snoeditingprocess.Italsoopensnewpathsforhelpingpeoplewithmemorydisorders,potentiallybyenhancingthisnatural,selectivereplayduringsleep.Sothenexttimeyoufaceatoughdecision,remember:yourbestthinkingmightnothappenwhenyou’reawake,butwhileyou’refastasleep,withyourbrainworkingthenightshifttoguideyourfuture.12.Whatdoesthenewstudyreveal?A.Howsleephelpsmemory. B.Whetheryoushouldsleep.C.Whenyourmemoryreturns. D.Whythebrainstaysactive.13.Whyis“thesleepingbrain”comparedtoan“editor”inPara4?A.Tosuggestthevitalimportanceofsleep. B.Toadvocateaneffectivesleeppattern.C.Todemonstrateitsremarkableefficiency. D.Toclarifyitsmechanismofselection.14.Whichhabitwon’tbeencouragedaccordinglyforstudentstoimprovememory?A.Getsufficientsleep. B.Grasptheartofmemory.C.Burnthemidnightoil. D.Leaveproblemsastheyare.15.What’sthebesttitleforthepassage?A.Yoursleep’sroleinimagination B.YourBrain’s“Silent”NightShiftC.Thepotentialofthenewdiscovery D.Aprovenmethodofmemorization【答案】12.A13.D14.C15.B【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了牛津大学一项具有突破性的研究，揭示了睡眠帮助记忆的具体机制——睡眠时大脑会主动筛选并强化重要记忆，同时阐述了该发现的意义，指出睡眠时大脑在默默为未来提供指引。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Scientistshavelongknownthatsleephelpsmemory,butagroundbreakingstudyfromtheUniversityofOxfordnowrevealshow—andit’smoreactivethanweeverimagined.(科学家们早就知道睡眠有助于记忆，但牛津大学一项具有突破性的研究现在揭示了其中的原理——而且它比我们想象的更加活跃。)”可知，这项新研究揭示了睡眠如何帮助记忆。故选A。【13题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段“We’vemovedfromknowingsleepisimportantformemorytoseeingthemechanismofselectioninrealtime,”saidleadresearcherDr.AnyaSharma.“Thesleepingbrainisn’tpassive;it’sasmart,efficienteditor,decidingwhattokeepandwhattogetridof.”(首席研究员安雅·夏尔马博士说：“我们已经从知道睡眠对记忆很重要，转变为实时观察到这种选择机制。睡眠中的大脑并不是被动的；它是一个聪明、高效的编辑，决定着保留什么、丢弃什么。”)”可知，将睡眠中的大脑比作“编辑”，是为了阐明其对记忆的选择机制。故选D。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据第五段“Itexplainswhystudyingintensivelythroughoutthenightoftenfails—withoutsleep,there’snoeditingprocess.(这也解释了为什么通宵高强度学习往往会失败——没有睡眠，就没有这种编辑过程。)”可知，通宵学习（开夜车）不利于记忆提升，不会被鼓励。故选C。【15题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章核心围绕睡眠时大脑的活动展开，强调睡眠中的大脑并非被动，而是像在“夜班工作”一样，主动筛选、强化记忆，为未来提供指引。选项B“你大脑的‘无声’夜班”符合主题，适合用作标题。故选B。第二节(共5个小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。DinnerthatstaresbackBackinthelastsummer,IwasbusystudyinginBeijingwhenIsuddenlygothomesickforsomeWesternfood.SoIwanderedthestreetsnearbyuntilIcameacrossarestaurantandfinallyfoundit—wholechicken!Inmyhead,Iimaginedajuicy,tenderwholebirdwithperfectlycrispybrownedskin.___16___Iwavedawaiteroverandhurriedlypointedtothelineonthemenutoshowmyfoodrequest.Finally,Iwouldbeabletosatisfymylonging.___17___Ratherthanagoldencrispybrown,theskinwasinsteadbrightyellow.ButthemostapparentwassomethingthatIwouldrathernothaveseenatall:thehead!Inallmyyearsofeatingchicken,Ihadneverseentheheadstillattachedtotherestofthebody.Hereitwas,though,staringbackatme.InAmerica,thewayfoodispresentedmeanstheyaren’tremindedofthelivinganimalitoncewas,despitethefactthatpeopleunderstandwheremeatcomesfrom.ThenthereinarestaurantIwasstaringfacetofacewiththewholedeadbirdonmyplate.___18___Still,Icarriedon,tryingtoignoretheheadwhileIdugintothechickenbreast.But,evenhere,Ifoundorgansliketheheartandlungsthathadnotbeentotallyremoved.___19___Finally,Igaveupandjustfocusedonthericeinstead.Afterward,IcametounderstandthattheChinesedefinitionofa“wholechicken”isdifferentfrommyassumptions.___20___Althoughmytolerance(忍受)forfoodhasexpandedsincethen,IwillneverforgetthefirsttimeIorderedawholechickenandgotmorethanIhadexpected.A.ItwasfarmorethanIcouldstand.B.Cultureandcuisinegohandinhand.C.Thatfactwasmademuchmoreobvious.D.Somefoodhassuchanexceptionalrecipethere.E.Yet,Iwasshockedwhenthebirdlandedonmyplate.F.ItisjustthewaychickenisalwayspreparedinAmerica.G.ChickenisalwaysservedwiththeheadinChinesecuisine.【答案】16.F17.E18.C19.A20.G【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在北京点整鸡，因中外饮食差异遭遇的难忘经历。【16题详析】上文“Inmyhead,Iimaginedajuicy,tenderwholebirdwithperfectlycrispybrownedskin.(在我的脑海里，我想象着一只多汁、嫩滑的整鸡，外皮烤得金黄酥脆)”说明作者想象中的整鸡是自己熟悉的样子，这种样子源于他的固有认知。空处承接前文，解释这种想象的由来，与后文点到的实际整鸡形成对比。所以F项“这正是美国常见的鸡肉做法。”符合语境。F选项中的“thewaychickenisalwayspreparedinAmerica”对应前文作者想象的鸡肉样子，解释了其期待的根源，为后文的震惊做铺垫。故选F。【17题详析】上文“Finally,Iwouldbeabletosatisfymylonging.(终于，我可以满足我的渴望了)”说明作者满心期待符合自己认知的整鸡上桌，空处与前文形成转折，引出实际看到的鸡与期待不符的场景，衔接后文对鸡的具体描述。所以E项“然而，当那只鸡端到我盘子里时，我惊呆了。”符合语境。E选项中的Yet表转折，“shocked”既呼应前文的期待，又衔接后文“外皮亮黄色、带鸡头”的意外场景。故选E。【18题详析】上文“InAmerica,thewayfoodispresentedmeanstheyaren’tremindedofthelivinganimalitoncewas,despitethefactthatpeopleunderstandwheremeatcomesfrom.ThenthereinarestaurantIwasstaringfacetofacewiththewholedeadbirdonmyplate.(在美国，食物的呈现方式意味着人们不会联想到它曾经是活生生的动物，尽管人们明白肉是从哪里来的。然而，有一次在餐厅里，我面对着盘子里整只死鸟，目瞪口呆)”说明美国与中国食物呈现方式的差异，作者的经历让这种差异更明显。空处承接前文，强调这种差异的显著性。所以C项“这个事实变得更加明显了。”符合语境。C选项中的“Thatfact”指代前文“中西方食物呈现方式的差异”。故选C。【19题详析】上文“But,evenhere,Ifoundorgansliketheheartandlungsthathadnotbeentotallyremoved.(但是，即使在这里，我也发现了没有被完全切除的心脏和肺等器官)”说明作者看到未清理干净的器官，难以接受。空处承接前文，体现作者的承受极限。所以A项“这远远超出了我的承受范围。”符合语境。A选项中的“farmorethanIcouldstand”呼应前文作者看到器官的不适，且衔接后文“Finally,Igaveupandjustfocusedonthericeinstead.(最后，我放弃了，转而只吃米饭)”。故选A。【20题详析】上文“Afterward,IcametounderstandthattheChinesedefinitionofa“wholechicken”isdifferentfrommyassumptions.(后来，我才明白中国人对“整鸡”的定义和我的想象不一样)”说明作者意识到自己对“整鸡”的认知与中国人不同，空处承接前文，具体解释中国人对“整鸡”的定义是什么，呼应前文提到的鸡带头部、未清理干净器官的细节。所以G项“在中国菜里，鸡肉总是带着头端上来的。”符合语境。故选G。第三部分：语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节：完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卷上将该选项标号涂黑。Formonths,Leo,whohadjustmovedherefromItaly,sataloneatlunch,methodicallyeatingsandwichesthatseemedtoholdnojoy.Wewerefriendly,butheneverjoinedournoisytable.Theunspokenrulewasclear:hepreferredhissolitude(独处).OneTuesday,hewasn’t___21___.Hisgrandmother,asmallwomanwithbrighteyes,stoodbesidehim,___22___alargecontainerfromafloralbag.Arich,distinctivescent___23___thecafeteriaair.“Foryou,”shesaidfirmly,placingasteamingbowlinfrontofhim.“Goodminestrone(意大利浓菜汤)___24___everything.”Shethen,toourshock,beganladling(舀)thesoupintosmallpapercups,handingthemtoeachofusattheneighboring___25___.“Youtry,”sheinstructed,a___26___command.We___27___.Thesoupwasdeepand___28___,whisperingofslow-cookedvegetablesanddistantkitchens.“Ittasteslike…sunlight,”someonemumbledinamazement.Leo___29___smiled—areal,broadsmile.“IttasteslikemyNonna’sgarden,”hesaid.Thatsoupdidmorethanfillourstomachs;itdissolved(消除)a(an)____30____wall.Leo’ssolitudehadn’tbeenunfriendliness,butaquiet____31____foraflavorhisschoollunchboxcouldn’tcontain.Bysharingtheonethingthattruly____32____him—thetasteofhome—hedidn’tjustjoinourtable;he____33____itsborders.Welearnedthatinclusiveness(包容)isn’talwaysaboutinvitingsomeoneintoyour____34____.Sometimes,it’saboutgratefullyacceptinga(an)____35____intotheirs,oneheartfeltspoonfulatatime.21.A.secure B.alone C.available D.adorable22.A.collecting B.displaying C.unpacking D.stuffing23.A.cutthrough B.transformedinto C.brokedown D.insistedon24.A.detects B.generates C.favors D.fixes25.A.state B.room C.table D.canteen26.A.gentle B.dramatic C.concrete D.severe27.A.refused B.tried C.stared D.bowed28.A.organic B.nutritious C.sour D.complex29.A.finally B.rarely C.politely D.constantly30.A.exceptional B.artificial C.invisible D.unbreakable31.A.appeal B.passion C.preference D.homesickness32.A.settled B.defeated C.employed D.convinced33.A.bombed B.expanded C.perceived D.attained34.A.tunnel B.world C.home D.cafeteria35.A.guidance B.insight C.invitation D.trick【答案】21.B22.C23.A24.D25.C26.A27.B28.D29.A30.C31.D32.A33.B34.B35.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。来自意大利的Leo刚转学后一直独自吃午饭，直到他的奶奶送来亲手做的意大利菜汤并分享给大家。一碗汤打破了隔阂，让Leo融入集体，也让作者明白：包容不只是邀请别人走进你的世界，也可以是欣然接受一份走进他人世界的邀请。【21题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一个周二，他不再是独自一人。A.secure安心的；B.alone独自的；C.available可获得的；D.adorable可爱的。根据下文“Hisgrandmother,asmallwomanwithbrighteyes,stoodbesidehim”可知，奶奶陪在他身边，他不再独自一人，故选B。【22题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的奶奶，一位个子小小、眼睛明亮的女士，站在他身边，从印花袋子里拿出一个大容器。A.collecting收集；B.displaying展示；C.unpacking取出，打开；D.stuffing塞满。根据下文“alargecontainerfromafloralbag”可知，奶奶从袋子里拿出容器，故选C。【23题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：一股浓郁独特的香味穿透了食堂的空气。A.cutthrough穿透，穿过；B.transformedinto变成；C.brokedown分解；D.insistedon坚持。根据下文“thecafeteriaair”可知，香味在食堂里弥漫开来，故选A。【24题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：好喝的意大利浓菜汤能解决一切问题。A.detects发现；B.generates产生；C.favors偏爱；D.fixes修复，解决。根据上下文““Foryou,”shesaidfirmly,placingasteamingbowlinfrontofhim”及奶奶分享汤的善意可知，奶奶认为这碗汤能带来安慰、解决一切，故选D。【25题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后，让我们震惊的是，她开始把汤舀进小纸杯里，递给我们邻桌的每一个人。A.state状态；B.room房间；C.table桌子；D.canteen食堂。根据上文“Wewerefriendly,butheneverjoinedournoisytable”可知，大家是在餐桌旁吃饭，故选C。【26题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“你们尝尝。”她指导道，语气是温和的命令。A.gentle温和的；B.dramatic戏剧性的；C.concrete具体的；D.severe严厉的。根据上文“beganladlingthesoupintosmallpapercups,handingthemtoeachofus”可知，奶奶主动分享汤，充满善意，因此她的语气是温和的，故选A。【27题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们都尝了。A.refused拒绝；B.tried尝试；C.stared盯着；D.bowed鞠躬。根据下文“Thesoupwasdeepand,whisperingofslow-cookedvegetablesanddistantkitchens”可知，大家都尝了汤，才能感受到汤的味道，故选B。【28题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这汤味道浓郁且层次丰富，透着慢炖蔬菜和远方厨房的气息。A.organic有机的；B.nutritious有营养的；C.sour酸的；D.complex复杂的，层次丰富的。根据下文“whisperingofslow-cookedvegetables”可知，汤里有慢炖蔬菜的味道，因此味道丰富有层次，故选D。【29题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：Leo终于笑了——一个真诚、灿烂的笑容。A.finally终于；B.rarely很少；C.politely礼貌地；D.constantly不断地。根据上文“Leo,whohadjustmovedherefromItaly,sataloneatlunch,methodicallyeatingsandwichesthatseemedtoholdnojoy”可知，Leo一直独自吃饭、不爱说话，此刻在奶奶的陪伴和大家的接纳下，他终于露出笑容，故选A。【30题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那碗汤不仅填饱了我们的肚子，还打破了一堵无形的墙。A.exceptional杰出的；B.artificial人造的；C.invisible无形的；D.unbreakable打不破的。根据上文“Wewerefriendly,butheneverjoinedournoisytable.Theunspokenrulewasclear:hepreferredhissolitude”可知，Leo一直独处、大家没有真正交流，这是一堵无形的隔阂之墙，故选C。【31题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Leo的独处并非不友好，而是一种安静的思乡之情，想念学校午餐无法带来的味道。A.appeal吸引力；B.passion热情；C.preference偏爱；D.homesickness思乡。根据上文“Leo,whohadjustmovedherefromItaly”以及“IttasteslikemyNonna’sgarden”可知，他从意大利搬来，汤的味道像奶奶花园的味道，因此他在想家，故选D。【32题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：通过分享真正能让他安定下来的东西——家的味道。A.settled使安定，使安心；B.defeated打败；C.employed雇佣；D.convinced说服。根据上文Leo独自吃饭、内心思乡，并结合后文“thetasteofhome”可知，家的味道能安抚他的情绪、让他感到安心，故选A。【33题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他不仅加入了我们的餐桌，还拓宽了它的边界。A.bombed轰炸；B.expanded扩大，拓宽；C.perceived感知；D.attained获得。根据上文“Thatsoupdidmorethanfillourstomachs;itdissolvedanwall”可知，汤打破了隔阂、让Leo融入集体，他也拓宽了大家的圈子边界，故选B。【34题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们明白了，包容并不总是邀请别人进入你的世界。A.tunnel隧道；B.world世界；C.home家；D.cafeteria食堂。根据上文Leo融入大家的过程以及下文“acceptinganintotheirs”可知，此处指融入彼此的生活世界，故选B。【35题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：有时候，包容在于满怀感激地接受一份走进他们世界的邀请，一次用心的一勺汤而已。A.guidance指导；B.insight洞察力；C.invitation邀请；D.trick把戏。根据上文奶奶分享汤、Leo通过家的味道接纳大家可知，这是一份温暖的、走进彼此世界的邀请，故选C。第二节：语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Likeitornot,queuingisnecessarytokeeporderandstoppeoplefromgettingangryateachother.Butwheredoesitcomefrom?Accordingtothewebsite,CultureTrip,theoriginsofqueuingcandatebacktotheearly19thcentury,___36___theIndustrialRevolutioninEnglandbegan.Why?Ascitiesweregettingincreasinglybigand___37___(crowd),queuesnaturallystartedtohappenforeverydaythingslikesendinglettersatthepostofficeorbuyingitemsatlocalshops.Buttherealreputation(声誉)oftheBritish___38___(be)“civilizedqueuers”stretchesbacktotheSecondWorldWar,whenthegovernmentpropaganda(宣传)___39___(encourage)peopleto“dotheirdutyandwaittheirturn”inordertokeeporder.Eversincethen,makingaqueuehasbeenpartof___40___itmeanstobeBritishandhasbecomeanalmosthumorouscharacteristicfortourists,notedCultureTrip.As___41___Britonmyself,Ihavetosaythatthestereotype(刻板印象)istrue.Welikethingstobeorderlyandwebelieveinshowing___42___(polite)andwaitingyourturn.Itcanbefoundinallmannerofeverydayactivities.IntheUK,it’snormaltowait___43___peopletogetoffatransportvehiclebeforeyougeton.InLondon,ifyoudon’tdothis,youarequitelikelyto___44___(shout)at!It’salsoveryimportantthatyoustandontherightonanescalatorandletpeoplepassontheleftside.Asthesaying____45____(go)intheUK,“keepcalmandcarryon.”【答案】36.when37.crowded38.being39.encouraged40.what41.a42.politeness43.for44.beshouted45.goes【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了排队源于英国工业革命时期，二战后英国人文明排队的习惯正式形成。如今排队已成为英国文化特色，体现着秩序与礼貌。【36题详析】考查定语从句。句意：据“文化之旅”网站所述，排队行为的起源可以追溯到19世纪初，当时英国的工业革命已经开始。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词theearly19thcentury，在从句作时间状语。故填when。【37题详析】考查形容词。句意：随着城市规模不断扩大且人口日益密集，人们在日常生活中进行诸如在邮局寄信或在当地商店购物等行为时，自然而然地就会出现排队的现象。作表语，用形容词crowded。故填crowded。【