黑龙江省龙东十校联盟2025-2026学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1黑龙江省龙东十校联盟2025-2026学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Atalibrary. B.Atapetstore. C.Inaclassroom.【答案】B【原文】M:Lookatthosebeautifulbirdsoverthere.Ithinkyoucanteachthemhowtotalk.W:Butlookattheprice.I’dratherhaveacat.2.Whatisthewomanlikelytodo?A.Feedacat. B.Watchbirds. C.Showaphoto.【答案】C【原文】W:Max,doyouwanttoseeaphotoofmynewcat?M:Sure.Ithoughtyoupreferredbirds!W:Ido,butthislittleguyjuststolemyheart.He’squitethecharacter!3.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Asickdog. B.Arestaurant. C.Arelaxingday.【答案】A【原文】M:Something’supwiththedog.He’ssoquiettoday,huh?W:Yeah,Ithinkhemighthaveeatensomethingbad,maybethefriedchicken.I’mgoingtotakehimhometorelaxandrest.M:Alright,bettersticktodogfoodnexttime.4.WhatdoesthewomantrytotellHenry?A.Tablemanners. B.Thehousework. C.Afriend’shouse.【答案】A【原文】W:Henry,Iheardyou’regoingtoeatataChinesefriend’shousethisafternoon.M:That’sright.W:Well,whenyou’reeatingtherewithchopsticks,remembernottobeatyourbowlswiththembecauseit’snotgoodtodothat.M:Thankyoufortellingmethat,Michelle.5.HowdidthemanfindhisstaywiththefamilyinVictoria?A.Fearful. B.Regretful. C.Wonderful.【答案】C【原文】W:SohowwasyourtimestayingwiththefamilyinVictoria?M:Itwentreallywell.Itriedtohelpoutwithchoresaroundthehouseandspendtimewiththefamily.W:Forwhat?M:Iwantedtounderstandtheirculturebetter.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22，5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。6.Whatwasthewomangoingtodo?A.Sendacard. B.Makeacall. C.Holdaparty.7.Whatisthemandoing?A.ApologizingtoAmanda.B.Sharinganexperience.C.Givinganexplanation.【答案】6.B7.C【原文】W:Oh,no,Idon’thaveAmanda’sphonenumber.M:What’swrong,Miyako?W:AmandasaidweshouldgettogetheragainandthatIshouldcallher,butIdon’thaveherphonenumber.M:Isee.Well,don’tworryaboutit.ForAmericans,that’susuallyafriendlywaytosaygoodbye.It’slikewhenAmericanssay“Hello,howareyou?”,buttheydon’twantyoutotellthemhowyouare.It’sjustafriendlygreeting.W:Sosaying“Let’sgettogethersometime”issimilartothat?M:Yeah,that’sright.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。8.WhydoesChangprobablygotoAmerica?A.Fortastyfoods. B.Fornewfilms. C.Forherstudy.9.WhatwillChangdowhenfacingculturaldifferences?A.Followothers’advice.B.Respectdifferentcultures.C.Stopcontactingthelocals.10.WhatcanweknowaboutChang?A.Sheissociablewithstrangers.B.Sheisanxiousaboutcultureshock.C.Shedislikesmakingfriendsatschool.【答案】8.C9.B10.A【原文】M:So,Chang,howdoyouplanonkeepingyourChinesetraditionsalivewhenyouareinAmerica?W:AmericansareveryinterestedinChineseculture.TheywatchChinesefilms,eatChinesefoodandadmireChinesefashions.Ithinkitwillbeeasyformetokeepmyculturealivethere,simplybyansweringmyclassmates’questionsaboutChina.M:SinceyouareChinese,youmayfacesomeculturaldifferences.Howdoyouplantodealwiththat?W:Everyplaceisdifferent.IknowthatImaybecomeupsetwhileIaminanewplace.It’simportanttorememberthatIamaguestinthatplace,andIshouldrespecttheculture.M:DoyouexpectthatmostofyourfriendsareAmericans,orwillyoutryandmakefriendswithotherforeigners?W:Well,Icertainlywon’tknowaboutthatuntilIarriveinAmerica.Iexpectthatitmightbeeasiertomakefriendswithotherforeigners,becausewewillallbegoingthroughthecultureshock.Iwouldliketohavefriendsfromeverywhere.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。11.Whathappenedtotheman?A.Hearguedwithhisfamily.B.Helosttheinvitationletter.C.Hemistookhishost’sname.12.Whoisthehost?A.Jason. B.James. C.Wilson.13.Howdidthemanmanagethesituation?A.Hesaidsorrytothefamily.B.Hemadeajokeofhimself.C.Heforgottosaysomething.【答案】11.C12.B13.B【原文】W:Hi,Jason.Howwasthefirstdinnerwithyourhostfamily?M:Itwasgreat.ButIreallyembarrassedmyself.W:Really?Whathappened?M:Icouldn’timagineIgotthehost’snamewrong.WhenIgotthere,heintroducedhisfamily.Butattheendofthedinner,Isaid“Thankyouforyourinvitation,Wilson,”Thensomeonewhispered“HisnameisJames,notWilson.”W:Oh,that’sterrible.Howdidyoudealwithit?M:Ievenforgottomakeanapology.Ijustmadeajokeofmyself.M:Yes,butcanyoutellmesometablemanners?IhopeIcangetusedtothelifehereassoonaspossible.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。14.Whatisthewomanprobably?A.Aprofessor. B.Anathlete. C.Areporter.15.WhatdoesVictorfinddifficultasamemberofthebasketballteam?A.Adaptinghimselftotheintensetraining.B.Dealingwiththepressurefromthecoach.C.Regainingtheskillslearnedinhighschool.16.WhatdoesVictorsayabouttheplayersontheteam?A.Theyareofthesameage.B.Theyaresimilarincharacter.C.Theyarefromdifferentcountries.17.HowdoesVictorfeelabouthisteamnow?A.It’sgettingstronger. B.It’sabouttobreakup. C.It’sthebestinIndiana.【答案】14.C15.A16.C17.A【原文】W:Victor,you’vebeenhereinIndianaforsixweeksnow.Howareyoufeeling?M:IthinkI’vegotusedtocollegelife,goingtoclasses,workingoutandhangingoutwithmyfriends.Thoughthere’spressuretomeetdeadlines,lifehereisneverboring.W:What’sbeenhardaboutbeinganIndianabasketballplayer?M:Well,thetrainingisverycompetitive—weightliftingandrunningeveryday.It’snotlikehighschool.Inhighschool,Ireallydidn’thavetodothat.I’mjusttryingtogetusedtoit.AndIthinkIam.W:Atthispoint,howdoyouseeyourselffittingintothisgroup?M:Ithinkwearealldifferent.GeorgeisfromBritain.ChrisandLeoarefromAustralia.I’mfromFrance.AndtherestareAmericans.ButIgetalongwitheverybody.Youknow,wearereallystartingtobond.It’sgreattoseehowwegroweachdayasateam.W:Thanks,Victor.IwishyouaveryhappyandfruitfulstayinIndiana.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。18.Whatdoesthespeakerwanttoshareatfirst?A.Howweexpressthanks. B.Whywesternershug. C.Whenhuggingisproper.19.HowmanytimesdotheFrenchtoucheachotherinthestudy?A.Over100times. B.Over75times. C.Over50times.20.Whichofthefollowingpreferhugging?A.Italians. B.Americans. C.TheBritish.【答案】18.B19.A20.A【原文】M:Inthewest,peoplehugformanydifferentreasons.Familyandfriendssometimeshugjusttoshowtheotherpersontheycare.Theymayhugalovedonethattheyhaven’tseenforawhile,orhugsomeonewhowillbeleavingforalongperiodoftime.Hugsarealsogiventocomfortsomeonewhoissadortocongratulatesomeonewhohasgoodnews.Hugreducestensionandraisesself-confidence.Scientistsevenfoundthathuggingcanhaveapositiveeffectonaperson’sIQ.SomeChinesefriendsthinkallwesternerslovetohug.Butsomewesternculturesencouragehuggingmorethanothers.TheFrench,forexample,aresomeofthemostaffectionatepeopleintheworld.ResearchershaveobservedthattheFrenchtoucheachothermorethan100timesduringa30-minuteconversation.American,however,typicallyonlytoucheachothertwiceduringthesametimeperiod.ItaliansandGreeksareknownforgivinglotsofhugs.ButBritishpeople,likeAmericans,tendtobealittlemorereservedabouthugging.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AWhenarestaurantisrankedasoneofthebestintheworld,itoftenbecomesnearlyimpossibletomakeabooking.HereareafewfamousrestaurantsthatarealmosthardertogetintothanHarvard.FranklinBarbecueInAustin,Texas,FranklinBarbecueisfamousforitsmouthwateringbarbecue.Thoughthelunch-onlyrestaurantopensat11am,co-ownerStacyFranklinadmitsthatonweekends,customersarriveat6am.Nomatterwhenyouarrive,though,you’lllikelywaitforatleastfourhours.“Peoplebringchairsandcoolersandthrowfootballsintheparkinglot.We’veevenseenpeoplebringcardtables,”shesays.Rose’sLuxuryInWashington,D.C.,Rose’sLuxurydrawscrowdsforitsamazingfarm-to-tablemenuandfriendlyservice.Therestaurantopensat5pm,butcustomersoftenstartwaitingat3pm.Forguestswillingtoeatatthebar,turnovercanbeslightlyquicker.Thoseunwillingtowaitinlineforfourhoursmightdoslightlybettertocomemidweek,particularlyTuesdaythroughThursday.DamonBaehrelChefDamonBaehrelrunshisrestaurantfromthebasementofhishome.Baehrel’smealsinclude15coursesandcanrunoverfivehours.They’reregularlydescribedasoutofthisworld.Ifyouwanttomakeabooking,you’reprettymuchoutofluck.BaehrelstoppedacceptingtheminApril2014.ElCellerdeCanRocaThemomentElCellerdeCanRocawaslistedasthenumberonerestaurantintheworldbySanPellegrino,bookingswentthroughtheroof.Togetatable,youneedtobookonlineatmidnightonthefirstofeachmonth,11monthsahead.Theirmultiple-coursetastingmenusarealsoamulti-sensoryevent,withdishesthatcandoubleasmodernart.21.WhatisafeatureofFranklinBarbecue?A.Ithasaplayground. B.Itstopsacceptingbookings.C.Itonlyserveslunch. D.Itopensearlyinthemorning.22.HowcancustomersreducetheirwaittimeatRose’sLuxury?A.Eatatthebar. B.Orderfastfood.C.Avoidmidweek. D.Comeat5:00pm.23.Wherewillyougoifyouwanttogainafeelofmodernartwhiledining?A.Rose’sLuxury. B.FranklinBarbecue.C.DamonBaehrel. D.ElCellerdeCanRoca.【答案】21.C22.A23.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四家难订到座位的顶级餐厅。【21题详析】细节理解题。根据FranklinBarbecue部分“Thoughthelunch-onlyrestaurantopensat11am,co-ownerStacyFranklinadmitsthatonweekends,customersarriveat6am.(尽管这家仅提供午餐的餐厅上午11点才开门营业，但合伙人StacyFranklin承认，每逢周末，顾客们6点就会前来。)”可知，FranklinBarbecue仅供应午餐。故选C。【22题详析】细节理解题。根据Rose’sLuxury部分“Forguestswillingtoeatatthebar,turnovercanbeslightlyquicker.(对于愿意在吧台用餐的客人而言，翻台速度可能会稍快一些。)”可知，顾客愿意在吧台用餐则可缩短等候时间。故选A。【23题详析】细节理解题。根据ElCellerdeCanRoca部分“Theirmultiple-coursetastingmenusarealsoamulti-sensoryevent,withdishesthatcandoubleasmodernart.(他们的多道式品鉴菜单也是一场多感官盛宴，菜品甚至可媲美现代艺术作品。)”可知，在ElCellerdeCanRoca用餐的同时能感受现代艺术氛围。故选D。BCelebratingbothHanukkahandChristmasgivesmychildrenthechancetoenjoydoublepresents—oftenmorethantheycanactuallyuseorappreciate.Whatgetslostthistimeofyear,Ioftenfeel,especiallywhilerushingaroundorspendinghoursonlinetobuygifts,istheimportanceofgivingback.Lastyear,tobalancereceivingwithgiving,ourtwodaughterseachchoseacharity,andourfamilymadeadonation(捐赠).Thisyear,Iplantodothesameovertheholidays.Inconversationswithotherparents,I’velearnedthatthebestwaytoteachourchildrentothinkofothersandwanttogivebackduringtheholidaysistodothatworkthroughouttheyear.AsparentingcoachVickiHoefleexplains,“Ifwegiveourkidsallyearlong,theymaystruggletochangetheirmindsetandthinkaboutgivingbackduringtheholidays.”DanielleLeRoy,amomfromChicago,sharedhowsheandherhusbandhavebeenmindfulofthisbalancesincetheirchildrenwereborn.Insteadofgivinggiftstoeachother,theyputtogetherasmallbasketofgiftsforthosewhoprovidedthefamilyaservicethroughouttheyear,suchasmailcarriersanddeliverymen.Hoefle,amomoffive,sayssmallactions,liketeachingchildrenhowtohelptheircommunity,arekeytofostering(培养)agenerousspirit.Parentsshouldlookforopportunitiestogettheirchildreninvolved:Isthechildinterestedinanimals?Excitedaboutperforminginfrontofelderlypeopleorreadingtothem?Hoeflerememberswhenoneofherdaughtersdonatedpartofherpocketmoneytoalocalanimalshelter(收容所)everyweek.“Wedidthatforthreeyears,”saysHoefle.Thesheltereventuallyinvitedherdaughtertoseewhathermoneyhadpaidfor.“Andthatwasapivotalmomentforeveryoneinthefamily.Suddenly,theyalllookedateachotherandthought,‘Thismatters.Thisisreal.’”24.Whatdoestheauthorthinkisoftenignoredduringtheholidayseason?A.Thepresentskidswant. B.Thestressofholidayshopping.C.Thetruespiritofgiving. D.Theneedforholidaydecorations.25.WhydoestheauthormentionHoefle’swordsinthethirdparagraph?A.Togiveasuggestion. B.Tosupportanopinion.C.Torememberacoach. D.Tohighlightaproblem.26.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“pivotal”inthelastparagraphmean?A.Aching. B.Ordinary. C.Adjustable. D.Important.27.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TeachingKidstoGiveasTheyReceive B.ExplainingtheDownsideofReceivingC.EncouragingtheGenerosityofthePublic D.IllustratingWhattoDonateoverHolidays【答案】24.C25.B26.D27.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要探讨了节日期间家长应平衡孩子“获得”与“付出”，通过日常引导培养孩子慷慨助人品格的观点。【24题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Whatgetslostthistimeofyear,Ioftenfeel,especiallywhilerushingaroundorspendinghoursonlinetobuygifts,istheimportanceofgivingback.(我常常觉得，每年的这个时候，尤其是在东奔西跑或花数小时网购礼物时，被忽略的是回馈他人的重要性)”可知，作者认为节日期间被忽视的是给予的真正精神。故选C项。【25题详析】推理判断题。第三段作者先提出观点：“教孩子在节日里为他人着想、懂得回馈的最佳方式，是全年都坚持践行这件事”，随后引用育儿教练VickiHoefle的话“Ifwegiveourkidsallyearlong,theymaystruggletochangetheirmindsetandthinkaboutgivingbackduringtheholidays.(如果我们一年到头都在给孩子东西，那么他们可能很难转变心态，在节日期间想到去回馈他人)”可推知，作者引用Hoefle的话是为了支撑自己的观点，增强说服力。故选B项。【26题详析】词句猜测题。根据最后一段中的“Thesheltereventuallyinvitedherdaughtertoseewhathermoneyhadpaidfor.“Andthatwasapivotalmomentforeveryoneinthefamily.Suddenly,theyalllookedateachotherandthought,‘Thismatters.Thisisreal.’”(收容所最终邀请她的女儿去看看她的钱都用在了哪里。“那对我们全家人来说都是一个pivotal的时刻。突然间，他们对视着，心想，“这事儿很有意义。这是实实在在的事情。”)”可知，女儿亲眼看到捐款的实际用途后，全家人都感受到了付出的意义，这个时刻是具有转折性和重要性的。所以划线词的意思是“重要的”。故选D项。【27题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文，作者开篇指出节日里重“获得”轻“付出”的现象，接着提出要通过全年引导让孩子学会回馈，后文又用具体案例（DanielleLeRoy一家的做法、Hoefle女儿捐款的经历）进一步论证“在孩子获得礼物的同时，教会他们付出”的观点。由此可知，短文的最佳标题为“教孩子在获得的同时学会付出”。故选A项。CSorry,exerciseaddicts—allthoseintense(剧烈的)workoutsmightnotbehelpingyouloseasmuchweightasyouthought.Peoplewhoarethemostphysicallyactiveseemtobecomemoreefficient(高效的)atusingenergy,accordingtoarecentstudy.“Thisisn’tanargumentfornotexercising,”saysDavidStensel,aprofessorwhostudiesexerciseatLoughboroughUniversityintheUK.“Exerciseisstillgoodforyouinahostofotherways.Butithelpsusunderstandwhynoteveryonegetstheweightlosstheyexpectwithexercise.”Inthestudy,researchersusedwearabletrackingdevicestomeasuretheactivitylevelsof332peoplewithawiderangeoflifestyles.Theyalsomeasuredhowmuchenergypeopleusedeachdaybyhavingthemdrinkspecialwaterthatcanbetraced.Asexpected,thosewhoweremoderatelyactiveburnedmoreenergythanthosewhowereinactive.However,thosewhowerethemostactiveburnedthesameamountofcaloriesasthosewhoweremoderatelyactive.Thissuggeststhatsomeonewhoalreadywalkstoworkandrunsabitmaynotburnmorecaloriesbydoinglongerruns,saysHermanPontzer,oneoftheauthorsofthestudy.Pontzerexplainsthatwemightadjusttoexerciseintwoways.Oneisthatwestartmovingaroundless.Theotherisloweringourrestingmetabolicrate(代谢率)bycuttingenergyuseinarangeofbodilyfunctions.Earlierstudiesthatsuggestedexerciseincreasespeople’srestingmetabolicratemayhavebeenwrongbytestingpeopletoosoonafterexercise,whentheirmetabolismhadnotfullysettled.“Eventhoughgymmachinesshowhowmanycaloriesyouburnduringaworkout,activepeoplemakeupforitbyburningfewercaloriesduringtherestoftheday,”saysPontzer,pointingoutthatevenwithintenseexercise,mostofthecaloriesburnedduringthedaycomefromourbodiesmaintainingbasicphysiologicalfunctions.28.Whatisamisunderstandingofintenseexerciseaccordingtothetext?A.Itcertainlyhelpsusloseweight. B.Itrequiresahigh-caloriediet.C.Itactuallyleadstoasharppain. D.Itmustbedoneonadailybasis.29.Whatcanbelearnedaboutthefindingfromparagraph2?A.Itshowsweightlossisachievable. B.Itgivesusnewideasaboutworkouts.C.Itisanargumentfornotexercising. D.Itprovesexerciseisharmfultotheold.30.Whatisthemainpurposeofthenewstudy?A.Todeterminetheimpactofdietonexercise.B.Tofindthebestexercisehabitforweightloss.C.Tomeasuretheweightlosseffectsofrunning.D.Tounderstandhowexerciseaffectscalorieburn.31.WhatdoesPontzerthinkofhighlyactivepeople?A.Theyloseweightmoreeasilythanothers.B.Theyeatmoretomaintainbodilyfunctions.C.Theyburnfewercaloriesoutsideofexercise.D.Theyshouldhavearestshortlyafterexercise.【答案】28.A29.B30.D31.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。最新研究表明，运动强度并非越高越减肥，因为身体会通过降低静息代谢等方式减少额外能量消耗。【28题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Sorry,exerciseaddicts—allthoseintense(剧烈的)workoutsmightnotbehelpingyouloseasmuchweightasyouthought.(抱歉，运动迷们——所有这些高强度的锻炼可能并没有帮你减掉你想象中那么多的体重。)”可知，人们对高强度运动的误解是认为它肯定能帮助减肥。故选A项。【29题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段“Butithelpsusunderstandwhynoteveryonegetstheweightlosstheyexpectwithexercise.(但它帮助我们理解为什么不是每个人都能通过锻炼达到预期的减肥效果。)”可知，该研究发现并非反对运动，而是让我们对锻炼的效果有了新的认知。故选B项。【30题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段“Inthestudy,researchersusedwearabletrackingdevicestomeasuretheactivitylevelsof332peoplewithawiderangeoflifestyles.Theyalsomeasuredhowmuchenergypeopleusedeachdaybyhavingthemdrinkspecialwaterthatcanbetraced.(在这项研究中，研究人员借助可穿戴追踪设备，对332名生活方式各异的受试者的活动量进行了监测。同时，他们还让受试者饮用一种可追踪标记的特殊水，以此测算出每个人每日的能量消耗情况。)”可知，这项研究的目的是探究锻炼如何影响卡路里的消耗。故选D项。【31题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Eventhoughgymmachinesshowhowmanycaloriesyouburnduringaworkout,activepeoplemakeupforitbyburningfewercaloriesduringtherestoftheday.(尽管健身房的器械会显示你在锻炼时燃烧了多少卡路里，但爱运动的人会在一天的其他时间里燃烧更少的卡路里来弥补。)”可知，Pontzer认为运动量极大的人在非运动时段燃烧的卡路里更少。故选C项。DSome500yearsago,beaverswerehuntedfortheirfurandmeat,anddisappearedfromBritain.Nowtheyaremakingacomeback—atleastinsmallpocketsinScotland—andthatmaybegoodnewsforfloodprotectionandtherestoration(修复)ofwetlands,thoughfarmersremainworriedthatbeaverdams(堤坝)willharmtheircropsandgrasslands.Itseemsthatbeaverdamsmighthelppreventflooding,cleansewater,andbenefitfishpopulationsandwetlandecosystems.“Whenitrains,morewatergetsstoredinpoolsbehindthedams,andwhenit’sdrier,waterisgentlyreleased(释放)tokeepriversflowing,”saysRichardBrazier,aprofessorattheUniversityofExeter.Fouryearsago,twobeaverswerereleasedinanareathatwasjustasmallriverflowingthroughdesertedwoodland.Withinacoupleofyears,they’dtransformedtheriverintoarich,wetlandhabitat.“They’vebuilt13damsandhadagoodeffectonhowthewaterflowsthroughthesite,”saysBrazier.ThisisthekindofmeasurethatsomeexpertsbelievewouldhavereducedtheimpactofthefloodsinScotland.Inadditiontofloodcontrol,beaversmayhelpfishpopulations.StudiesbyPaulKempoftheUniversityofSouthamptonshowthatfishpopulationsinriverswithbeaversarelargerandhealthier.Thebeaverpoolsprovidedeepwaterthatfishprefer.However,beaversdon’talwayshaveapositiveimpact.InScotland,wherethereare50to200beaversalongtheRiverTay,beaverdamssometimesblockdrainageditches(排水沟)andcreatefloodrisksinfarmingareas.Beaversalsobitetreesbesideabusyroad,andmakeholesinanti-floodembankments.SowhatdothesevariedimpactsmeanforreintroducingbeaversinScotland?AreportbyScottishNaturalHeritagepresentsseveraloptions,includingremovingallbeaversorallowingtheiruncontrolledreintroduction.TheEnvironmentAgencyisalsocloselymonitoringthesituationtodecidewhetherthebenefitsofreintroducingbeaversoutweightherisks.32.Whydofarmersfeelworriedaboutbeaverdams?A.Theywillreducewaterstorage. B.Theywillpollutedrinkingwater.C.Theywilldestroyfarmingland. D.Theywillincreasefishpopulations.33.WhatisBrazier’sattitudetothereintroductionofbeavers?A.Positive. B.Doubtful. C.Unclear. D.Uncaring.34.Whatisparagraph5mainlyabout?A.Thelatestresearchintobeavers. B.Thenegativeeffectsofbeavers.C.Thebenefitsofbeaversonfloodcontrol. D.Theinfluenceofbeaversonlocalplants.35.WhatcanweinferaboutbeaversinScotland?A.Theirrelocationhasbeenfinalized. B.Theywillbecompletelyremoved.C.Theywillbeputunderstrictcontrol. D.Theirfutureisstillbeingdebated.【答案】32.C33.A34.B35.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍河狸在英国苏格兰重现后，对防洪和湿地修复的益处，以及给农业带来的困扰和相关争议。【32题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Nowtheyaremakingacomeback—atleastinsmallpocketsinScotland—andthatmaybegoodnewsforfloodprotectionandtherestoration(修复)ofwetlands,thoughfarmersremainworriedthatbeaverdams(堤坝)willharmtheircropsandgrasslands.(如今它们正卷土重来——至少在苏格兰的一些零星区域是如此。这或许会为防洪和湿地修复带来利好消息，不过农户们依旧担心，河狸筑的堤坝会损害他们的庄稼和草场。)”可知，农民担心河狸堤坝是因为它们会破坏农田。故选C项。【33题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Whenitrains,morewatergetsstoredinpoolsbehindthedams,andwhenit’sdrier,waterisgentlyreleased(释放)tokeepriversflowing,”saysRichardBrazier,aprofessorattheUniversityofExeter.(埃克塞特大学教授理查德·布雷泽说：“下雨时，更多的水会储存在水坝后面的池塘里；天气干燥时，水会缓慢释放，保持河流的流量。”)”以及第三段中的““They’vebuilt13damsandhadagoodeffectonhowthewaterflowsthroughthesite,”saysBrazier.(“它们已经筑起了13座堤坝，对水流在这片区域的走向起到了良好的调节作用。”布雷泽说道。)”可知，布雷泽指出河狸坝能储水防涝、调节河流流量，还提到河狸让荒芜林地变成了湿地栖息地；因此，布雷泽对于重新引入河狸的态度是积极的。故选A项。【34题详析】主旨大意题。根据第五段中的“However,beaversdon’talwayshaveapositiveimpact.InScotland,wherethereare50to200beaversalongtheRiverTay,beaverdamssometimesblockdrainageditches(排水沟)andcreatefloodrisksinfarmingareas.Beaversalsobitetreesbesideabusyroad,andmakeholesinanti-floodembankments.(然而，河狸并非总能带来积极影响。在苏格兰的泰河沿岸生活着50到200只河狸，它们筑起的堤坝有时会堵塞排水沟，给农田带来洪涝风险。河狸还会啃食繁忙公路旁的树木，并在防洪堤上打洞。)”可知，该段主要讲述河狸带来的负面影响。故选B项。【35题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“AreportbyScottishNaturalHeritagepresentsseveraloptions,includingremovingallbeaversorallowingtheiruncontrolledreintroduction.TheEnvironmentAgencyisalsocloselymonitoringthesituationtodecidewhetherthebenefitsofreintroducingbeaversoutweightherisks.(苏格兰自然遗产署的一份报告提出了几种方案，包括清除所有河狸，或是允许它们不受限制地重新繁衍。环境署也在密切监测情况，以判断重新引入河狸的益处是否大于风险。)”可知，最后一段指出官方报告列出处置河狸的多种方案，包括全部清除或完全放任，同时环境署正密切监测以权衡利弊。由此可推断，河狸在苏格兰的未来去向尚未敲定，仍在争论中。故选D项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Overtheyears,withthegrowthoftechnologyandchangesinourlifestyles,processedfoodhasbecomeverypopular.____36____.Asaresult,ithasturnedintoabigindustrytoday.However,animportantquestionis:Howhealthyisprocessedfood?Forcenturies,peoplehaveusedmethodslikesalting,drying,andfermentingtopreserve(保存)food.____37____.Nowadays,processedfoodhasgrowninpopularitybecauseitisconvenientandoffersavarietyofflavorstoconsumers.____38____.Itcontainsmanyartificialingredients(配料)likecolors,flavors,andpreservatives.Itisusuallyhighincaloriesbutlowinimportantnutrients(营养),makingitapoorchoiceforahealthydiet.Manyprocessedfoodsalsohavetoomuchsugar,salt,andfat,whichcanleadtoserioushealthproblems.Eatingtoomuchprocessedfoodcancauseissueslikeweightgain,highbloodpressure,andheartdisease.Itisimportanttothinkcarefullyaboutwhatweeatbecauseitgreatlyimpactsonourhealth.____39____.Onegoodchangeistoreplaceprocessedfoodwithmorenatural,freshoptions.Eatingmorefruits,vegetables,andorganicfoodscanprovidethenutritionourbodiesneed.Insummary,processedfoodisnotasnutritiousasfreshfood.Weshouldbeawareofhealthrisksthatcomewithprocessedfood.____40____.A.There’snothingbetterthantastyfastfoodB.ItbringsbackahappymemoryfromourchildhoodC.Itmakescookingfasterandeasier,andittastesgoodD.Soweshouldaimtoeatmorenatural,unprocessedfoodE.ThesetechniqueshelpfoodstayfreshandkeepitsafeF.However,processedfoodisoftennotashealthyasfreshfoodG.Makingsimplechangestoourlifestylecanhelpusstayhealthy【答案】36.C37.E38.F39.G40.D【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要提醒人们加工食品虽方便可口，但其高盐高糖低营养，应减少食用并选择新鲜天然食物以保持健康。【36题详析】上文“Overtheyears,withthegrowthoftechnologyandchangesinourlifestyles,processedfoodhasbecomeverypopular.

(多年来，随着科技的发展以及生活方式的改变，加工食品变得非常流行)”提到加工食品变得流行，下文“Asaresult,ithasturnedintoabigindustrytoday.

(因此，如今它已成为一个庞大的产业)”提到加工食品成为庞大产业，此空应指出加工食品的优点或大受欢迎的原因；C选项“它让烹饪更快更简单且美味可口”解释了流行的原因，衔接自然。故选C。【37题详析】上文“Forcenturies,peoplehaveusedmethodslikesalting,drying,andfermentingtopreserve(保存)food.(几个世纪以来，人们使用盐腌、干燥和发酵等方法保存食物)”介绍了人们长久以来所使用的保存食物的方法；E选项“这些技术可让食物保鲜并确保安全”承接上文，介绍这些保存方法的作用。选项中的“Thesetechniques”指代上文中的“methodslikesalting,drying,andfermenting”。故选E。【38题详析】下文“Itcontainsmanyartificialingredients(配料)likecolors,flavors,andpreservatives.Itisusuallyhighincaloriesbutlowinimportantnutrients(营养),makingitapoorchoiceforahealthydiet.

(它含有许多人工成分，比如色素、香料和防腐剂。这类食品通常热量很高，但重要的营养成分却很少，因此不适合健康饮食)”提到加工食品的缺点，F选项“然而，加工食品往往不如新鲜食品健康”作为段落主题句，引出下文加工食品的健康弊端，且下文的“It”指代F选项的“processedfood”，符合语境。故选F。【39题详析】上文“Itisimportanttothinkcarefullyaboutwhatweeatbecauseitgreatlyimpactsonourhealth.

(仔细思考我们吃什么很重要，因为它对健康有很大影响)”指出应仔细考虑吃什么食物，强调饮食对健康的影响；下文“Onegoodchangeistoreplaceprocessedfoodwithmorenatural,freshoptions.(一个好的改变是用更天然、新鲜的食物替代加工食品)”提到积极的饮食改变，建议替换加工食品；G选项“对我们的生活方式稍做改变就能帮助我们保持健康”承上启下，引出“改变饮食”的建议。故选G。【40题详析】上文“Insummary,processedfoodisnotasnutritiousasfreshfood.Weshouldbeawareofhealthrisksthatcomewithprocessedfood.

(总之，加工食品不如新鲜食品有营养，我们应该意识到加工食品带来的健康风险)”提到加工食品不如新鲜食品健康，此空应总结前文所述，D选项“我们应多食用天然非加工食品”作为文章结尾，呼应了前文的建议，点明全文主旨，符合语境。故选D。第三部分语言运用（共四节，满分55分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。HollyCookedidn’tlookforwardtoweekends.EveryFriday,shefeltthe___41___ofhavingnoonetospendherfreetimewith.At22,shemovedfromStoke-on-TrenttoLondon,longingfora___42___start,butshedidn’tknowanyone.Shehadhigh___43___ofgoingtorestaurants,barsandtheatersasshehaddonebefore,