湖北省恩施州2025-2026学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1湖北省恩施州2025-2026学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ASeoulisamoderncityfullofdeliciousfoodoptions(选择)aswellasgreatattractions,historicalsights,andplacestoshop.BesttimetovisitThebestmonthforsightseeinginSeoulisduringthewarmweatherbetweensummerandearlyfall.GettingaroundInSeoul,youhavethreemainformsoftransportation:train,subway,andtaxi.ThefastestoptiontogetaroundSeoulistheAirportRailroadExpresstrain.Ithastwooptions:theexpressandtheall-stop.Whiletheall-stopoptionischeaper,it’sabout15minutesslowerthantheexpress.Seoulhasoneofthelargestsubwaystationsintheworldwith14lines.Itmayseemabitawful,butonceyougetusedtoit,it’sprettyeasy.AnotheroptiontogetaroundSeoulistorentacar.ThisisoneoftheleastusedoptionsasSeoulhasaconvenientpublictransportationsystem.PlacestovisitEverland—thelargestthemeparkinKorea.LotteWorld—agreatthemeparkforkidswithnever-endingthrillrides.SeoulTower—asymbolicskyscraperwhereyoucantakebreathtakingviewsofthecity.TrickEye3Dmuseum—ifyoulovephotos,youwillfindstrangephotosinthismuseum.WheretostayTherearelotsofplacestostayatSeoul.Belowareourtoprecommendations(推荐):Myeongdongistourists’popularoption.Ithasgreatshoppingmalls,greatfood,andlivelynightlife.YoucanstayattheAloftSeoulMyeongdong.Gangnamisanotherpopulardistrict,whichhasbecomefamousthankstothesongGangnamStyle.OneofthebestareasinGangnamisGarosugil,whereyouwillfindcafes,artgalleries,retail(零售)stores.AgreathoteloptioninthisareaistheDormyInnPremiumSeoulGarosugil.1.WhenisthebesttimetovisitSeoul?A.January. B.February. C.September. D.December.2.Wherecanwehaveabird-eyeviewofSeoul?A.Everland. B.SeoulTower. C.LotteWorld. D.Garosugil.3.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A.Myeongdongisashopfavoredbytourists.B.Gangnamhasbecomepopularbecauseofahitsong.C.RentingcarsisthemostcommonwaytogetaroundSeoul.D.Theall-stoptrainoffersamorecomfortablebutmoreexpensiveservice.【答案】1.C2.B3.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍到韩国首都首尔旅游的最佳时间，交通，购物和娱乐的景点以及住宿等信息。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据Besttimetovisit部分中ThebestmonthforsightseeinginSeoulisduringthewarmweatherbetweensummerandearlyfall.可知，首尔观光的最佳月份是夏至秋初的温暖天气。选项中九月是夏至秋初，故选C。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据Placestovisit部分中SeoulTower—asymbolicskyscraperwhereyoucantakebreathtakingviewsofthecity.可知，首尔大厦是一座标志性的摩天大楼，在这里你可以欣赏到令人叹为观止的城市景色。和题干haveabird-eyeviewofSeoul意思一致，故选B。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据Wheretostay部分中Gangnamisanotherpopulardistrict,whichhasbecomefamousthankstothesongGangnam‘Style’可知，Gangnam是另一个受欢迎的地区，由于歌曲GangnamStyle而闻名，所以Gangnam因一首热门歌曲而大受欢迎。故选B项。【『点石成金』】应用文中题目多为细节理解题，定位词适用于解答细节理解题。通过定位词解题，考生在阅读题干的时候迅速的把题干中有标记意义的词或词组划记出来，也可以是选项中的关键词，然后用这个词回到原文当中定位。如小题1题干中的besttime，再如小题2中可以定位各个选项中的景点，就能找出答案。BJessicaWatkinsisthefirstBlackwomantoliveandworkontheInternationalSpaceStation(ISS).AfteraprogramatSallyRideelementarySchool,youngJessicaWatkinsrealizedwhatshewantedtodowhenshegrewup:studythegeology(地质学)ofotherplanets.Then,at33yearsold,Watkinstrainedforamissiontodojustthat.ThisApril,WatkinsbecamethefirstBlackwomantoliveandworkontheISSforanextendedtask.ShearrivedthereonboardaSpaceXcapsule(太空舱)andthenwouldspendsixmonthsontheISSaspartofaprogramcalledArtemis,amulti-billion-dollareffortdesignedtoreturnhumanstothesurfaceofthemoonin2025.Watkinswouldcoveralotofgroundonhermission:earthandspacescience,biologicalscienceandhumanresearchintothingsliketheeffectsoflongspaceflightforhumans.Overthecourseofhersix-monthmission,WatkinswouldalsoobserveandphotographgeologicalchangesonEarth.Beforeherjourney,WatkinssaidshehaddonetrainingonthesystemsoftheInternationalSpaceStationandhowtofixanythingifitisn’tworkingproperly.ShehadalsopracticedwalkinginspacebywearingalargewhitesuitinanunderwaterISSmodelthat’shousedinagiantpool.Watkinssaidthejourneytospacehaswide-rangingsignificanceoneverythingfrommedicalresearch“withdirectimpacts(影响)intoourdailylives,”tointernationalcooperation.“Weareallcomingtogethertoaccomplishthisreallyhardthingthatnoneofuswouldbeabletodoonourown,”Watkinssaid,“Ithinkthatisjustsuchabeautifulpictureofwhatwecanalldoifwecometogetherandputallofourresourcesandskillsetstogether.”4.WhatwasJessicaWatkins’dreamatschool?A.Researchingthespace. B.Startingaprogramaboutspace.C.Studyingthegeologyoftheearth. D.LivingandworkingontheISS.5.What’sthepurposeofArtemis?A.TohelpWatkinsrealizeherdream. B.Tobringhumansbacktothemoon.C.TotrainWatkinstoworkontheISS. D.Tospendthemulti-billiondollarsproperly.6.HowdidWatkinsprepareforhertask?A.Shecoveredalotofgroundlikespacescience.B.SheobservedandphotographedchangesonEarth.C.Shelearnedhowtofixanythingthatmightgowrong.D.Shepracticedwalkinginspacebywalkinginagiantpool.7.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.Watkinswillfinishhertaskonherown.B.Thejourneytospaceistoohardtoachieve.C.Watkinsthinkshighlyofthejourneytospace.D.Thecooperationofcountriesmeanslittletothetask.【答案】4.A5.B6.C7.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了杰西卡·沃特金斯成为首位在国际空间站长期生活和工作的黑人女性，并介绍了她的任务、准备及对太空之旅的看法。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“AfteraprogramatSallyRideelementarySchool,youngJessicaWatkinsrealizedwhatshewantedtodowhenshegrewup:studythegeology(地质学)ofotherplanets.(在萨莉·莱德小学的一个项目之后，年轻的杰西卡·沃特金斯意识到自己长大后想做什么：研究其他行星的地质学。)”可知，杰西卡·沃特金斯在学校的梦想是研究其他行星的地质学，也就是研究太空。故选A。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“ShearrivedthereonboardaSpaceXcapsule(太空舱)andthenwouldspendsixmonthsontheISSaspartofaprogramcalledArtemis,amulti-billion-dollareffortdesignedtoreturnhumanstothesurfaceofthemoonin2025.(她乘坐SpaceX太空舱抵达那里，然后将在国际空间站度过六个月，这是一个名为“阿尔忒弥斯”的项目的一部分，该项目耗资数十亿美元，旨在让人类在2025年重返月球表面。)”可知，该项目的目的是让人类重返月球。故选B。【6题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Beforeherjourney,WatkinssaidshehaddonetrainingonthesystemsoftheInternationalSpaceStationandhowtofixanythingifitisn’tworkingproperly.(在她的旅程之前，沃特金斯说她已经接受了关于国际空间站系统的培训，以及如果任何东西不能正常工作如何修复它。)”可知，沃特金斯为她的任务做了准备，她学习了如何修复任何可能出错的东西。故选C。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Watkinssaidthejourneytospacehaswide-rangingsignificanceoneverythingfrommedicalresearch“withdirectimpacts(影响)intoourdailylives,”tointernationalcooperation.(沃特金斯说，太空之旅对从“对我们的日常生活有直接影响”的医学研究到国际合作的一切都具有广泛的意义。)”以及“Ithinkthatisjustsuchabeautifulpictureofwhatwecanalldoifwecometogetherandputallofourresourcesandskillsetstogether.(我认为，如果我们团结起来，把我们所有的资源和技能集合在一起，这就是一幅美丽的画面，展示了我们所能做到的一切。)”可推知，沃特金斯对太空之旅评价很高。故选C。CForthosewhocareaboutthefutureofelephantsontheAfricancontinent,thedecisiontoallowtheimportation(进口)ofelephantproductsistherightone.Althoughthecontroversymaystillexist,allowingtheseimportsistheverybestthingwecandotosaveelephants.Africaisanamazingplace,andallthosewhovisitthecontinentcomeawaytrulyinspiredbyitsendlessbeauty,itsdiversepeople,andtheremarkablewildlife.Insomeareasofthecontinent,however,theAfricanelephantisintrouble.Drivenlargelybyinternationalivorytrade,illegalhuntinghasreducedthepopulationoftheelephantsinsomecountries,especiallythosewherewell-regulatedhuntinghasnotbeenaccepted.Inothercountries,wherehuntinghasprovidedtheincentive(激励)forprotectingtheherd,thepopulationishealthy.InZimbabweandZambia,forexample,governmentwildlifebiologistshavedeterminedthathuntingisanecessarypartoftheirmanagementplan,andhavesuccessfullycarriedoutsuchprogramstomaintainahealthypopulation.Inadditiontoillegalhunting,elephantsareseenbymanyresidentsasatroubletocrops,andinsomecases,adangerousthreattoindividualsandtheirfamilies.Thesearethechallengeselephantsfaceeveryday.Infact,whenoneunderstandshowhuntingcontributestopreservation,justtheoppositeistrue:allowingimportsactuallyprotectselephants.HuntingprovidesthefinancialresourcesthatallowgamemanagersinAfricatocarryoutanti-poaching(反偷猎)programs,toprotectelephantherds.Huntingdollarsalsoprovideaclearincentiveforlocalresidentstoacceptelephantpreservation,insteadofviewingthemasdirectcompetitorsoratrouble.Havinglocalresidentsonboardiscriticaltoelephantprotection,anditisonlywithlocalhelpthatillegalhuntingcanbestopped.Inshort,whenwell-regulatedhuntingisaccepted,thefullprotectionofelephantsispossible.8.WhyistheAfricanelephantintroubleinsomecountries?A.Theyarelosingtheirhabitats. B.Theyarehuntedforivory.C.Theylackenoughfoodandwater. D.Theyarekilledformeatandskin.9.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Somelocalsseeelephantsasatroubletotheirlives.B.ImportingelephantproductsmaythreatenAfricanelephants.C.ElephantpopulationhasbeendecreasinginallAfricancountries.D.HuntingelephantsistotallyforbiddenbyZimbabweandZambiagovernments.10.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardwell-regulatedhuntingelephantsinAfrica?A.Uncertain. B.Critical. C.Favourable. D.Dissatisfied.11.Wheredoesthepassageprobablycomefrom?A.Travelguide. B.Foreignliterature. C.Onlinepost. D.Asciencereport.【答案】8.B9.A10.C11.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。文章讲述了作者认为允许进口大象制品、在非洲实施规范的大象狩猎行为，实则能为大象保护提供资金和当地居民的支持，是保护非洲大象的有效方式，反驳了对此行为的争议。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Drivenlargelybyinternationalivorytrade,illegalhuntinghasreducedthepopulationoftheelephantsinsomecountries,especiallythosewherewell-regulatedhuntinghasnotbeenaccepted.(在很大程度上受国际象牙贸易的驱使，非法捕猎已经使一些国家的大象数量减少，特别是在那些不接受规范狩猎的国家)”可知，非洲大象在一些国家陷入困境的原因是因象牙贸易引发的非法猎杀。故选B。【9题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Inadditiontoillegalhunting,elephantsareseenbymanyresidentsasatroubletocrops,andinsomecases,adangerousthreattoindividualsandtheirfamilies.(除了非法捕猎之外，许多居民还将大象视为破坏庄稼的祸源，在某些情况下，大象还会对个人及其家庭构成危险威胁)”可知，一些当地人将大象视为生活中的麻烦。故选A。【10题详析】推理判断题。根据末段中的“Inshort,whenwell-regulatedhuntingisaccepted,thefullprotectionofelephantsispossible.(简而言之，当规范的狩猎活动被认可时，全面保护大象是有可能的)”可推断，作者支持在非洲规范管理的猎象活动。故选C。【11题详析】推理判断题。根据末段“HuntingprovidesthefinancialresourcesthatallowgamemanagersinAfricatocarryoutanti-poachingprograms,toprotectelephantherds.Huntingdollarsalsoprovideaclearincentiveforlocalresidentstoacceptelephantpreservation,insteadofviewingthemasdirectcompetitorsoratrouble.Havinglocalresidentsonboardiscriticaltoelephantprotection,anditisonlywithlocalhelpthatillegalhuntingcanbestopped.Inshort,whenwell-regulatedhuntingisaccepted,thefullprotectionofelephantsispossible.(狩猎提供了资金来源，使非洲的野生动物管理者能够开展反偷猎项目，以保护象群。狩猎所得的资金也为当地居民接受大象保护提供了明确的激励，让他们不再将大象视为直接的竞争对手或麻烦。获得当地居民的支持对于大象保护至关重要，只有在当地的帮助下，非法狩猎才能被制止。简而言之，当规范的狩猎活动得到认可时，全面保护大象才有可能)”可知，本文强调了在非洲实施规范的大象狩猎行为，可推断文章属于动物保护类热点话题，而非旅游，外国文学以及科学报道。故选C。DItisn’tjustthebeautyofvastnaturalwondersliketheGrandCanyonthatcantakeyourbreathaway.Youcanfindawe(敬畏)ineverydaythings.Anewresearch,publishedinthejournalEmotion,foundthatolderadultswhotook“awewalks”feltmorepositiveemotionsintheirdailylives.Inthestudy,52olderadultsaged60to90weredividedrandomlyintotwogroups.Theyweretoldtotakeatleastone15-minutewalkeachweekforeightweeks.Volunteersinthe“awegroup”wereinstructedinhowtoinspireaweastheywalked.“Weaskedthemtotrytoseetheworldwithfresheyes—totakeinnewdetailsofaleaforflower,forexample,”Sturmsays.Forexample,oneparticipantfromtheawegroupwroteabout“thebeautifulfallcolorsandhowtheleaveswerenolongercrunchy(嘎吱响)underfootbecauseoftherain”—thewonderthatsmallchildrenfeelastheyembrace(拥抱)theirexpandingworld.However,peopleintheothergroupwerelessfocusedontheworldaroundthem.Oneparticipantwrote,“IthoughtaboutourvacationinHawaiinextThursday.”Inaddition,participantswereaskedtotakeselfiesinthebeginning,middle,andendofeachwalk.Researchersfoundthatparticipantswhotookawewalksshoweda“smallself”,inwhichtheyfilledlessoftheirphotographswiththeirownimageandmorewiththebackgroundscenery.“Whenwefeelawe,ourattentionshiftsfromfocusingonourselvestofocusingontheworldaroundus,”Sturmsays.“Aweaffectsoursocialrelationshipsbecauseithelpsustofeelmoreconnectedwiththeworld,universe,andotherpeople.”Theirsmilesalsogrewbroaderbytheendofthestudy.“Weanalyzedthedegreesoftheirsmilesintheselfies,andparticipantswhotookawewalksdisplayedgreatersmilesovertimethanthosewhotookcontrolwalks.Theformerreportedgreaterpositiveemotionsingeneral,includingmorejoyandgratitude.”Participantsinthecontrolgrouptookmorefrequentwalksthanthosepeopleintheawegroup,theresearchersdiscovered.Butwalkingmoredidn’tresultinpositivechangesinemotionalhealthorinthewaytheirselfiesweretaken.Thissuggeststhattheresultsweremainlyduetoexperiencingawe,andnotjustinspendingtimeexercising.12.Whatwereparticipantsinthe“awegroup”requiredtodoinParagraph2?A.Totakeawalkeachweek. B.Tofocusontheirinnerworld.C.Tocollectleavesaftertherain. D.Toexplorewithchildlikecuriosity.13.Whatcanweseeintheselfiesfromtheawewalks?A.Close-upimageswithwidesmiles. B.Moreattentiontothemselves.C.Merelythebackgroundscenery. D.Smallfigureswithbiggersmiles.14.Whatcanweknowfromthelastparagraph?A.Experiencingawematters. B.Morewalks,morejoy.C.Exercisescanbenefitus. D.Awecomeswithwalking.15.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitle?A.AweWalksPromoteYourPhysicalFitness. B.ExperiencingAweDoesWondersforEveryone.C.AweWalksImproveYourPositiveEmotions. D.FrequentWalksContributetoEmotionalHealth.【答案】12.D13.D14.A15.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍一项有关awewalk（敬畏步行）的研究，研究表明怀敬畏之心行路有利于产生积极的情绪。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Forexample,oneparticipantfromtheawegroupwroteabout“thebeautifulfallcolorsandhowtheleaveswerenolongercrunchy(嘎吱响)underfootbecauseoftherain”—thewonderthatsmallchildrenfeelastheyembracetheirexpandingworld.(比如，敬畏步行组的一名参与者描写了“秋天美丽的颜色，下雨后，脚下的树叶不再被踩得嘎吱响。”——这种惊奇像孩子们拥抱他们不断延伸的世界时所感受到的那样)”可知，研究人员要求敬畏步行组怀着孩子般的好奇心探索路程。故选D项。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Researchersfoundthatparticipantswhotookawewalksshoweda“smallself”,inwhichtheyfilledlessoftheirphotographswiththeirownimageandmorewiththebackgroundscenery.(研究人员发现，敬畏步行的参与者表现出一种“小我”，因为他们用自己的图像填充的照片较少，而更多地用背景风景填充)”和倒数第三句“Theirsmilesalsogrewbroaderbytheendofthestudy.(研究结束时，他们的笑容也变得更加灿烂)”可知，敬畏步行组的自拍照中，自己的身体只占一小部分，而且面带灿烂的微笑。所以他们的自拍照中，可能显示的是小身形，但是面带灿烂微笑。故选D项。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Butwalkingmoredidn’tresultinpositivechangesinemotionalhealthorinthewaytheirselfiesweretaken.Thissuggeststhattheresultsweremainlyduetoexperiencingawe,andnotjustinspendingtimeexercising.(但是多走路并不会对情绪健康或者自拍方式产生积极的影响。这表明，结果主要是由于体验敬畏，而不只是在花时间锻炼)”提到积极健康情绪产生于心怀敬畏，而非只是简单地花时间锻炼。由此可知，作者在最后一段想传达的是，心怀敬畏才是真正产生影响的。故选A项。【15题详析】主旨大意题。结合全文，文章主要介绍一项有关awewalk（敬畏步行）的研究，尤其是根据第一段的“AnewresearchpublishedinthejournalEmotion,foundthatolderadultswhotook‘awewalks’feltmorepositiveemotionsintheirdailylives.(发表在《情感》杂志上的一项新研究发现，那些“敬畏步行”的老年人在日常生活中感受到更多的积极情绪)”和最后一段“Participantsinthecontrolgrouptookmorefrequentwalksthanthosepeopleintheawegroup,theresearchersdiscovered.Butwalkingmoredidn’tresultinpositivechange:inemotionalhealthorinthewaytheirselfiesweretaken.Thissuggeststhattheresultsweremainlyduetoexperiencingawe,andnotjustinspendingtimeexercising.(研究人员发现，控制组的参与者比敬畏组的参与者更频繁地散步。但是多走路并不会对情绪健康或者自拍方式产生积极的影响。这表明，结果主要是由于体验敬畏，而不只是在花时间锻炼)”可知，敬畏步行有利于促进积极健康情绪。所以C项“敬畏步行能促进积极的情绪”最适合作为本文标题。故选C项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。UrbanWildlifeCitiesarediverseecosystems.Inadditiontovisitorsfromthewild,alargenumberofspeciesshareoururbanareas.Asourcitiesspread,weneedtothinkaboutwhatitislikeforotherspeciestohavehumanneighbours.Citiesarebuiltforhumans.___16___Forexample,mostcityparksarekeptneatandtidysothathumanswillfindthembeautiful.Butwhenwecutgrassorplantflowers,wedestroynaturalhabitats.___17___.WhenabridgeinAustin,Texaswasrepaired,engineersaddedsmallgapsrunningalongthelengthofitsbottom.Thismadeagoodhomeforbatsandsoonthebridgewasthehomeofthousandsofbats.___18___Now,theyhavecometovaluetheirwingedneighbours.Thebatsareatouristattraction,andtheyeatlotsofbugseverynight.Therearealsostructuresbuiltwiththeaimofbringingwildlifeintothecity.TheBeijingOlympicForestParkisagoodexample.Theparkusednativeplantsandcreatedopen,naturalspacesforwildlife.TheresultisazoneinBeijingwithover160speciesofbirds.Inmanyways,theparkistheoppositeofazoo.___19___Ifwelearntoshareourspace,wecanbecomebetterneighbourstothewildlifearoundus.___20___Ourownfuturewillbeendangeredtoo.A.Ouractionssometimeshelpotherspecies.B.Theyarebuilttoprotectbirds.C.Ifwedonot,morespecieswillbecomeextinct.D.Theywouldsitonitandtheirdroppingswouldfallintothewater.E.Insteadofbeingkeptincages,wildlifecanmoveabout.F.Atfirst,peoplewereafraidofthebatsandtriedtogetridofthem.G.Theydonotalwaysprovidesuitablehabitatsforwildlife.【答案】16.G17.A18.F19.E20.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。在城市中人类应该考虑为野生动物提供和分享空间。【16题详析】由空格后的例子“Forexample,mostcityparksarekeptneatandtidysothathumanswillfindthembeautiful.Butwhenwecutgrassorplants,wedestroynaturalhabitats,whichleadstotheimbalanceofecology.（例如，大多数城市公园保持整洁，这样人们就会发现它们很漂亮。但是当我们割草或植物时，我们破坏了自然栖息地，这导致了生态的不平衡）”可知，空格处的句子应该涉及到对野生动物栖息地的破坏。所以G项“Theydonotalwaysprovidesuitablehabitatsforwildlife.（它们并不总是为野生动物提供合适的栖息地）”填入空格处，符合题意。故选G项。【17题详析】空格后的例子“WhenabridgeinAustin,Texaswasrepaired,engineersaddedsmallgapsrunningthelengthofitsbottom.Thismadeagoodhomeforbats,andsoonthebridgewashometothousandsofbats.（当德克萨斯州奥斯汀市的一座桥被修复时，工程师们在桥的底部增加了一些小裂缝。这为蝙蝠提供了一个很好的栖息地，很快这座桥就成了成千上万只蝙蝠的家）”说明人类的行为对野生动物的帮助，这一例子肯定是为了证明空格处的句子，所以空格处的句子一定和人类帮助野生动物有关。所以A项“Ouractionssometimeshelpotherspecies.（我们的行为有时会帮助其他物种）”填入空格处，符合题意。故选A项。【18题详析】空格后的句子“Now,theyhavecometovaluetheirwingedneighbors.（现在，它们开始重视它们长翅膀的邻居）”是说人们现在对待这些蝙蝠的态度。空格处的句子应该提到人们原来对待这些蝙蝠的态度，形成前后的对比。所以F项“Atfirst,peoplewereafraidofthebatsandtriedtogetridofthem.（起初，人们害怕蝙蝠，试图除掉它们）”填入空格处，符合题意。故选F项。【19题详析】空格前的句子“Inmanyways,theparkistheoppositeofazoo.（在许多方面，这个公园和动物园是对立的）”是说这个公园和动物园是对立的。为什么这样说呢？E项“Insteadofbeingkeptincages,wildlifecanmovemorefreely.（野生动物不再被关在笼子里，它们可以更自由地活动）”给出了答案。应该E项填入空格处，和上文是顺接关系，符合题意。故选E项。【20题详析】根据空格后的句子“Ourownfuturewillbeendangeredtoo.（我们自己的未来也将受到威胁）”可知，空格处的句子一定提到野生动物的危险处境。所以C项“Ifwedonot,morespecieswillbecomeextinct.（如果我们不这样做，更多的物种将会灭绝）”填入空格处，符合题意。故选C项。第三部分语言运用（共三节，满分45分）第一节完型填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。SeveralweeksagoIgotacallfromagoodfriendwhosehusbandhadjustbeendiagnosedwithcancer.‌“Dowetellthekids?”sheasked.‌“____21____.”Ianswered.‌“Theboysdeservetoknowthetruth,however____22____itis.”Icontinued.Adultsalwaysinsistthatchildrenbehonest,____23____howmanyofusarehonestwithourkids,particularlyaboutthe____24____stuff:death,disease,corruptionorourownfailings?Ibelieveintellingchildrenthetruth.Ibelievethisisvitalfortheirunderstandingoftheworld,theirconfidence,andthedevelopmentoftheirmoralsandvalues.Thisdoesn’tmeankidsneedtobeunnecessarilyfrightenedortoldmorethantheycan____25____.Kidsalsohaveanunusual____26____whenthere’ssomethingwrong.Theyknowafakesmilewhentheyseeone.Theyrealizewhenwe’reuneasy,andtheycan____27____whenwe’relying.OnenightIwasinthecarwithourtwooldestdaughters.Itwasdarkandcozy—the____28____timeforaheart-to-heartconversation.Oneofourgirlsasked,‌“Mom,haveyoueversmokedcigarettes?”Istalled(故意拖延)alittle,butthegirls____29____.Theyhadmeandtheyknewit.____30____,Itoldthemthetruth.Whathappenednextwasanhonestanddirect____31____aboutthelure(诱惑)anddangerofcigarettes,worthwhileandimpressive.Ibelievemyhonestywasmuchmore____32____thanwarningsorplatitudes(老生常谈).Time____33____on,andsodochildren.____34____I’vemademistakesasaparent,Idohaveclearandopenrelationshipswitheachofourchildren.Ibelievemybeingtruthfulwithourchildrenhas____35____,becauseI’mprettysurethatnowtheyarehonestwithme.21.A.Hopefully B.Obviously C.Certainly D.Fortunately22.A.amazing B.heartbreaking C.puzzling D.annoying23.A.and B.for C.or D.but24.A.grateful B.typical C.tough D.demanding25.A.takein B.dealwith C.sweepaway D.tryout26.A.sense B.pressure C.virtue D.talent27.A.observe B.tell C.reflect D.prove28.A.worthwhile B.ordinary C.perfect D.unique29.A.challenged B.concentrated C.whispered D.insisted30.A.Therefore B.Otherwise C.Instead D.However31.A.defence B.discussion C.solution D.debate32.A.effective B.inspiring C.particular D.attractive33.A.focuses B.marches C.works D.passes34.A.While B.Since C.When D.Because35.A.takeoff B.setoff C.turnoff D.paidoff【答案】21.C22.B23.D24.C25.A26.A27.B28.C29.D30.A31.B32.A33.B34.A35.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过回应朋友是否该告诉孩子父亲患癌的疑问，结合自己对孩子坦诚吸烟经历的事例，阐述了“对孩子说实话至关重要”的教育理念，并相信诚实会换来孩子同等的真诚。【21题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：“当然。”我回答。A.Hopefully有希望地；B.Obviously明显地；C.Certainly当然；D.Fortunately幸运地。根据前文朋友询问“Dowetellthekids?”和后文作者明确表态“Theboysdeservetoknowthetruth”可知，作者的回答是肯定的、毫不犹豫的；副词“Certainly”符合这种坚决的语气。故选C项。【22题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：孩子们应该知道真相，无论它多么令人心碎。A.amazing令人惊奇的；B.heartbreaking令人心碎的；C.puzzling令人困惑的；D.annoying令人烦恼的。根据前文“whosehusbandhadjustbeendiagnosedwithcancer”可知，父亲患癌这一真相无疑是“令人心碎的”。故选B项。【23题详析】考查连词词义辨析。句意：成年人总是要求孩子诚实，但我们中有多少人会对孩子诚实呢？尤其是关于那些艰难的事情：死亡、疾病、腐败或我们自身的失败。A.and和；B.for因为；C.or或者；D.but但是。前句“Adultsalwaysinsistthatchildrenbehonest”说成年人要求孩子诚实，后句“howmanyofusarehonestwithourkids,”质疑成年人自己是否对孩子诚实，前后构成转折关系，用“but”连接。故选D项。【24题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：成年人总是要求孩子诚实，但我们中有多少人会对孩子诚实呢？尤其是关于那些不幸的事情：死亡、疾病、腐败或我们自身的失败。A.grateful感激的；B.typical典型的；C.tough不幸的；倒霉的；D.demanding要求高的。根据后文列举的例子“death,disease,corruptionorourownfailings”可知，这些都是沉重、难以启齿的话题，属于“不幸的”事情。故选C项。【25题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：这并不意味着要让孩子无端受惊，或者被告知超出他们理解能力的事情。A.takein理解，吸收；B.dealwith处理；C.sweepaway扫除；D.tryout尝试。根据前文“toldmorethantheycan”可知，此处指超出孩子“理解”范围的信息。故选A项。【26题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当事情不对劲时，孩子也有一种不寻常的感知力。A.sense感知力，判断力；B.pressure压力；C.virtue美德；D.talent天赋。根据后文“Theyknowafakesmilewhentheyseeone.Theyrealizewhenwe’reuneasy”可知，孩子能够察觉异常，这是一种“感知力”。故选A项。【27题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们能意识到我们的不安，能分辨出我们什么时候在说谎。A.observe观察；B.tell分辨，判断；C.reflect反思；D.prove证明。根据前文“Kidsalsohaveanunusual

whenthere’ssomethingwrong.Theyknowafakesmilewhentheyseeone.Theyrealizewhenwe’reuneasy”可知，孩子也有一种不寻常的感知力，所以能够“分辨”出谎言。故选B项。【28题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那是一个黑暗而舒适的环境——正是交心谈心的绝佳时机。A.worthwhile值得的；B.ordinary普通的；C.perfect完美的；D.unique独特的。根据前文“Itwasdarkandcozy”营造的氛围，以及后文“heart-to-heartconversation”的需求可知，这是一个“完美的”时机。故选C项。【29题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我故意拖延了一下，但女儿们坚持追问。A.challenged挑战；B.concentrated集中；C.whispered低语；D.insisted坚持。根据前文“Istalled(故意拖延)alittle”以及后文“Theyhadmeandtheyknewit.”可知，女儿们没有放弃，而是“坚持”要问出答案。故选D项。【30题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：于是，我告诉了她们真相。A.Therefore因此；B.Otherwise否则；C.Instead反而；D.However然而。根据前文“Istalled(故意拖延)alittle,butthegirls.”可知，尽管作者故意拖延，但女儿们坚持追问，作者无路可退，“因此”说出了真相，前后为因果关系。故选A项。【31题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：接下来发生的是一场关于香烟诱惑与危险的、真诚而直接的讨论。A.defence辩护；B.discussion讨论；C.solution解决方案；D.debate辩论。根据前文女儿提问、作者回答并展开交流可知，这是一场关于吸烟话题的“讨论”。故选B项。【32题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我相信我的诚实远比警告或老生常谈有效得多。A.effective有效的；B.inspiring鼓舞人心的；C.particular特别的；D.attractive有吸引力的。根据后文“thanwarningsorplatitudes(老生常谈).”可知，作者将自己的诚实与空洞的说教对比，强调其“有效”。故选A项。【33题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：时间流逝，孩子也在成长。A.focuses聚焦；B.marches行进；C.works工作；D.passes流逝。根据后文“andsodochildren”和语境可知，此处描述时间“流逝”的动态；“Timemarcheson”是常见表达。故选B项。【34题详析】考查连词词义辨析。句意：虽然我作为父母犯过错，但我和每个孩子都保持着清晰、坦诚的关系。A.While虽然；B.Since自从，因为；C.When当；D.Because因为。前句说“I’vemademistakesasaparent”，后句说“Idohaveclearandopenrelationshipswitheachofourchildren.”，前后是转折让步关系，用“While”引导让步状语从句，表示“虽然”。故选A项。【35题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我相信我对孩子们的诚实是值得的，因为我很确定现在他们也对我诚实。A.takeoff起飞，脱下；B.setoff出发，引发；C.turnoff关闭；D.paidoff取得成功，得到回报。根据后文“nowtheyarehonestwithme”可知，作者多年的诚实教育获得了“回报”，孩子也用诚实回应她。故选D项。第二节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。BorninLyon,France,in1931,ChangShanabegantostudytheartofmural(壁画)paintinginDunhuangin1945.Threeyearslater,shewenttotheUSfor___36___(far)studies.In1950,shewentbacktoChina,andthensheworkedasanassistanttoarchitectLinHuiyin(1904-1955)atTsinghuaUniversity.In1953,she___37___(teach)attheAcademyofFineArtsandthenattheCentralAcademyofArtsandDesign.Inearly1943,hermothertookherandherlittlebrothertoDunhuangandChang,___38___wasonly12atthetime,hasbeenattractedbythecharmofDunhuangarteversince.___39___(influence)byherfather,ChangShuhong,littleChangdevelopedaninterestinpainting.Herfatherencouragedher___40___(study)FrenchandWesternandChinesearthistory.ShealsohadtogototheDunhuangcaveseverydaytocopythecavepaintings.Inwinter,herfatherwouldalsogiveher___41___(guide)inpaintingtechniques.Theseactivitieslaidagoodfoundation___42___herart.In1982,ChangShanatookupthepostofthedeputydeanoftheCentralAcademyofArtsandDesign,andin1983shebecamethedean,___43___(quit)herjobin1998.Apartfrombeing___44___educator,ChangShanahasbeen_____45_____(active)engagedintheresearchandprotectionofDunhuangculture.【答案】36.further37.taught38.who39.Influenced40.tostudy41.guidance42.for43.quitting44.an45.actively【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了常沙娜的生平经历以及她在艺术领域的贡献，重点讲述了她与敦煌