湖南省某中学2025-2026学年高二上学期期末模拟考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1湖南省某中学2025-2026学年高二上学期期末模拟考试英语试题第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。APoetryExhibitionsinChicagoMonicaOng:PlanetariaPlanetariaisanexhibitionofvisualpoemsbyMonicaOngthatusethevisuallanguageofastronomytoexploretheterritoriesofmotherhood.Ifpoetryandastronomyweretothrowanartparty,thisoneinvitesaudiencestoimaginenewcosmographies.Date:Thursday,April21,2023—Thursday,September8,2024Location:61W.Superior,ChicagoIllinois60654KaraWalker:BackofHandKaraWalker:BackofHandappropriatelyhighlightsWalker’sengagementwithlanguage.Theexhibitionfeatures2015Book,aseriesof11typewrittenpageswithinkandwatercolorillustrations.Worksinthisexhibitioncontainstrongimageryandcontentthatmaynotbesuitableforallviewers.Date:Thursday,February15,2024—Saturday,May18,2024Location:61W.Superior,ChicagoIllinois60654AlexKatz:CollaborationswithPoetsExperiencethefirstexhibitiontobringtogetherthefullrangeofmaterialsthatshowAlexKatz’scollaborationswithpoets,impressingvisitorswiththeirproperuseofpoeticlanguage.CollaborationswithPoetsincludeseditionedbooks,drawings,allcenteringonpoetsandpoetry.Date:Saturday,February18,2024—Saturday,March20,2024Location:61W.SuperiorStreet,Chicago,Illinois60654HarrietMonroe:theOpenDoorHarrietMonroe:theOpenDoormapsthedevelopmentofMonroe’seditorialphilosophy,locatingitwithintheculturesofthelate19thandearly20thcenturies.Sheadvocatedopennesstocontemporarypoems,leadingtothepublicationofsomeofthemostinfluentialEnglish-languagepoemsofthemodernera.Date:Thursday,September14,2023-Saturday,January13,2024Location:61WestSuperiorStreet,Chicago,Illinois606541.Whereshouldyougoifyouareinterestedinstudyinguniverse?A.HarrietMonroe:theOpenDoor. B.KaraWalker:BackofHand.C.AlexKatz:CollaborationswithPoets. D.MonicaOng:Planetaria.2.WhatdoKaraWalker:BackofHandandAlexKatz:CollaborationswithPoetshaveincommon?A.Bothexhibitionsareproperforalltheviewers.B.Bothexhibitionsfeaturethepoets’skillfuluseoflanguage.C.Bothexhibitionsbringtogetherworksofdifferentpoets.D.Bothexhibitionsincludebookswithphotographs.3.WhatdoweknowaboutHarrietMonroe?A.Shewrotepoemsbycitingphilosophy.B.Shedrewamapabouthereditorialphilosophy.C.Shewelcomedtheoccurrenceofmodernpoems.D.Sheinspiredpoetstoappreciatemodernpoems.【答案】1.D2.B3.C【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。文章通过四个展览展示了诗歌与不同领域的结合，每个展览都有其独特的主题和艺术表现形式。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据MonicaOng:Planetaria部分中“PlanetariaisanexhibitionofvisualpoemsbyMonicaOngthatusethevisuallanguageofastronomytoexploretheterritoriesofmotherhood.(天文馆是莫妮卡·王的视觉诗歌展览，使用天文学的视觉语言来探索母性的领域)”可知，如果你对研究宇宙感兴趣，你应该去莫妮卡·王：天文馆。故选D项。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据KaraWalker:BackofHand部分中“KaraWalker:BackofHandappropriatelyhighlightsWalker’sengagementwithlanguage.(卡拉·沃克：《手背》恰如其分地突出了沃克对语言的运用)”和AlexKatz:CollaborationswithPoets部分中“ExperiencethefirstexhibitiontobringtogetherthefullrangeofmaterialsthatshowAlexKatz’scollaborationswithpoets,impressingvisitorswiththeirproperuseofpoeticlanguage.(体验第一个展览，汇集了亚历克斯·卡茨与诗人合作的所有材料，他们对诗歌语言的恰当使用给参观者留下了深刻的印象)”可知，卡拉·沃克的《手背》和亚历克斯·卡茨的《与诗人合作》的共同之处在于两个展览都突出了诗人对语言的熟练运用。故选B项。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据HarrietMonroe:theOpenDoor部分中“Sheadvocatedopennesstocontemporarypoems,leadingtothepublicationofsomeofthemostinfluentialEnglish-languagepoemsofthemodernera.(她提倡对当代诗歌持开放态度，因此出版了一些当代最有影响力的英语诗歌)”可知，哈丽特·门罗对现代诗歌的出版持欢迎态度。故选C项。BI’mstandingwithMalenainfrontofanenormouspaninakitcheninCopenhagenasshecooks“meatballs”,thesizeofpingpongballs.ThenMalenaplacesahotoneonmyplate.ItgivesalittlewhenIpressmyforkintoit,justlikeaconventionalmeatball.Iputalittleinmymouth.Ittastesgood.IfIdidn’tknowbetter,Iwouldn’tsuspectthatIwaschewingground-upbugs.Sheandherbusinesspartner,Jessica,bothintheirearly30s,havebigplans:tosellsustainableinsect-basedfoodproductstotheworld.Thepairfoundedtheircompany,HeyPlanet,in2017.WhileonethirdoftheEarth’sarable(可耕种的)landisusedtogrowlivestockfeed,millionsofpeoplearestarvingintheHornofAfrica.“Wealreadyhaveasolution—plant-basedfood—butpeoplealsowantanimalprotein.”saysMalena.“Ourmeathasaproteincontentthat’sashighasorhigherthanbeef.Italsocontainsomega-3fattyacids,vitaminB12andiron,whichcreateafamiliarmeatytaste,”saysJessica.Theirbiggestblockisthatmanyoftheirpotentialcustomersfindinsectsunacceptable.Butmanypartsoftheworldhavealongtraditionofeatingbugs.Uptothemiddleofthe20thcentury,somepeopleinFranceandGermanymadesoupswithfriedMaybugs.Inall,approximately2,100differentinsectspeciesarefitforhumanconsumption.However,scienceisnomatchforhumanemotion.That’swhytheirpackaginghasalmostnoimagesofinsects.Thelabelsdostate“Sustainablemeatmadefrombeetleprotein”thoughtheydon’tsaywhichbeetle,letalonewhatthebuffalobeetledoes.“Wehopethattheoriginofinsectproteinwillbeviewedonlyasafood-enrichingingredient,”Jessicasays.Itwouldbenodifferentthanmanyotherfoods.AsIcyclethroughCopenhagenaftermyvisittoHeyPlanet,Ipassastandsellingrodepolser,Denmark’spopularporksausages.Suddenlytheideaofmarketingfoodmadefrominsectsdoesn’tseemlikeapipedream.Afterall,mostDanishpeopledon’tthinktwiceaboutwhatgivesrodepolsetheirdistinctiveredcolour:adyeobtainedfromaSouthAmericaninsect.4.WhywasHeyPlanetfounded?A.Toreducefoodshortageglobally.B.TomakeuseofinsectsintheHornofAfrica.C.Toreducetheconsumptionofplant-basedfood.D.Toexpandlanduseforlivestockfeedproduction.5.WhatisafeatureofHeyPlanet’sproducts?A.Nutritioncomparabletobeef.B.Flavordistinctfromtraditionalmeat.C.Moresustainablethanplant-basedfood.D.Packaginghidinginsectorigincompletely.6.WhatisthemainbarrierofHeyPlanet’sproducts?A.Oppositionfromanimalprotectors.B.Consumers’emotionalresistance.C.Thegovernment’sfoodsafetyregulations.D.Technicallimitationswithinthecompany.7.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardthefutureoftheinsect“meatball”?A.Neutral. B.Worried.C.Optimistic. D.Uncertain.【答案】4.A5.A6.B7.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了哥本哈根一家名为“HeyPlanet”的初创公司，该公司以昆虫为原料生产可持续肉类产品，并阐述了其产品的营养价值、市场推广中遇到的情感障碍以及未来前景。【4题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段内容“Sheandherbusinesspartner,Jessica,bothintheirearly30s,havebigplans:tosellsustainableinsect-basedfoodproductstotheworld.Thepairfoundedtheircompany,HeyPlanet,in2017.WhileonethirdoftheEarth’sarable(可耕种的)landisusedtogrowlivestockfeed,millionsofpeoplearestarvingintheHornofAfrica.“Wealreadyhaveasolution—plant-basedfood—butpeoplealsowantanimalprotein.”saysMalena.(她与她的商业伙伴杰西卡（两人均三十出头）怀揣宏大计划：向全球销售可持续的昆虫基食品。她们于2017年共同创立了HeyPlanet公司。尽管全球三分之一的耕地被用于生产牲畜饲料，非洲之角却有数百万人面临饥荒。玛莱娜表示：“我们已有解决方案——植物基食品——但人们同时也需要动物蛋白。”)”可知，全球三分之一的可耕地用于种植牲畜饲料，而非洲之角数百万人在挨饿。除了植物性食物外，人们还需要动物性蛋白。由此可推断，HeyPlant的创立是为了提供可持续昆虫食品，以应对全球粮食短缺问题。故选A。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第三段Jessica所说“Ourmeathasaproteincontentthat'sashighasorhigherthanbeef.Italsocontainsomega-3fattyacids,vitaminB12andiron”（我们的肉类蛋白质含量与牛肉相当甚至更高，还含有Omega-3脂肪酸、维生素B12和铁。)”可以推知，其产品的一个显著特点是营养与牛肉相当。故选A。【6题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Theirbiggestblockisthatmanyoftheirpotentialcustomersfindinsectsunacceptable.(他们最大的障碍是许多潜在客户无法接受昆虫。)”以及第四段“However,scienceisnomatchforhumanemotion.(然而，科学敌不过人类的情感。)”可知，主要障碍在于消费者的情感抵触。故选B。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段，作者在参观后看到丹麦流行的猪肉香肠，并提到“Suddenlytheideaofmarketingfoodmadefrominsectsdoesn'tseemlikeapipedream.(突然间，推广昆虫食品的想法似乎不再像是痴人说梦。)”并以丹麦人接受用南美昆虫提取物作为香肠染料的例子作类比，暗示消费者可能在不自知的情况下已接受昆虫成分。由此可推知，作者对昆虫“肉丸”的未来持乐观态度。故选C。CWhenwe’reconfrontingaconfusingproblem,weoftengatheragrouptobrainstorm.We’relookingtotheteamtogetthebestideasasquicklyaspossible.Iloveseeingithappen—exceptforonecatch.Groupbrainstormingusuallybackfires.Inbrainstormingmeetings,manygoodideasarelost—andfewaregained.Extensiveevidenceshowsthatwhenwegenerateideastogether,wefailtomaximizecollectiveintelligence.Brainstorminggroupsfallsofarshortoftheirpotentialthatwemaygetmoreandbetterideasifweallworkalone.AsthehumoristDaveBarrysaid,“Ifyouhadtoidentify,inoneword,thereasonwhythehumanracehasnotachievedandneverwillachieveitsfullpotential,thatwordwouldbe:meetings.”Buttheproblemisn’tmeetingsthemselves;it’showwerunthem.Thinkaboutthebrainstormingsessionsyou’veattended.You’veprobablyseenpeoplebitetheirtonguesduetoegothreat(“Idon’twanttolookstupid.”),noise(“Wecan’talltalkatonce.”),andconformitypressure(“Let’salljumpontheboss’sship!”).Goodbye,diversityofthought;hello,groupthink.Thesechallengesaregreaterforpeoplewholackpowerorstatus:themostjuniorpersonintheroomoranintrovertdrowninginaseaofextroverts.Tounearththehiddenpotentialinteams,insteadofbrainstorming,wearebetteroffshiftingtoaprocesscalled“brainwriting”.Theinitialstepsaresolo.Youstartbyaskingeveryonetogenerateideasseparately.Next,youpoolthemandsharethemanonymouslyamongthegroup.Topreserveindependentjudgment,eachmemberevaluatesthemontheirown.Onlythendoestheteamcometogethertoselectandrefinethemostpromisingoptions.Whenideasaredevelopedandassessedindividuallybeforebeingchosencollectively,possibilitiesthatmightotherwisegounnoticedcansurfaceandbeadvanced.Inbrainstormingmeetings,it’stooeasyforparticipationtoleantowardthebiggestegos,theloudestvoices,andthemostpowerfulpeople.Thebrainwritingprocessmakessurethatallideasarebroughttothetableandthatallvoicesarebroughtintotheconversation.Thegoalisn’ttobethesmartestpersonintheroom:it’stomaketheroomsmarter.8.Whatcanreplacetheword“catch”underlinedinparagraph1?A.rarecase B.hiddenproblemC.helpfulsuggestion D.specialrequirement9.Whatdoesparagraph3focuson?A.Therootcausesofbrainstorming’sfailure. B.Thetypicalresultsofbrainstormingmeetings.C.Thestandardprocessofbrainstormingsessions. D.Thepotentialadvantagesofgroupbrainstorming.10.Whyisbrainwritingmoreeffective?A.Itneedsfewerparticipants. B.Itsimplifiestheoriginalprocedure.C.Itguaranteesbalancedparticipation. D.Itadoptsamorestructuredapproach.11.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.EgoThreat:ABarrierinGroupMeetingsB.Brainwriting:AWaytoUnlockTeamPotentialC.TraditionalBrainstorming:ALossofCollectiveIntelligenceD.TheDominanceofOutgoingPeople:APhenomenoninBrainstorming【答案】8.B9.A10.C11.B【语篇解读】这是一篇议论文。本文指出了头脑风暴的弊端，继而提出了一种更高效的替代方案，真正实现集思广益。【8题详析】词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“Groupbrainstormingusuallybackfires.(团队头脑风暴通常会适得其反)”以及第二段“Inbrainstormingmeetings,manygoodideasarelost—andfewaregained.(在头脑风暴会议中，许多好的想法会丢失——而好的想法却很少能被获取)”可知，在头脑风暴会议中，许多好的想法会丢失——而好的想法却很少能被获取，说明团队头脑风暴存在隐藏的问题。故划线词catch意为“隐藏的问题”。故选B。【9题详析】主旨大意题。根据第三段“Thinkaboutthebrainstormingsessionsyou’veattended.You’veprobablyseenpeoplebitetheirtonguesduetoegothreat(“Idon’twanttolookstupid.”),noise(“Wecan’talltalkatonce.”),andconformitypressure(“Let’salljumpontheboss’sship!”).Goodbye,diversityofthought;hello,groupthink.Thesechallengesaregreaterforpeoplewholackpowerorstatus:themostjuniorpersonintheroomoranintrovertdrowninginaseaofextroverts.(回想一下你参加过的头脑风暴会议吧。想必你见过有人因为害怕自我形象受损（“我不想显得很愚蠢”）、担心干扰他人（“我们不能同时都发言”）或者受到从众压力（“我们都得跟老板保持一致！”）而选择闭口不言。再见了，思想的多样性；你好，群体思维。对于那些缺乏权力或地位的人来说，这些挑战更为严峻：比如房间中资历最浅的成员，或者是深陷在一群外向者包围中的内向者)”可知，第三段说明了头脑风暴失败的根本原因。故选A。【10题详析】细节理解题。根据第五段“Inbrainstormingmeetings,it’stooeasyforparticipationtoleantowardthebiggestegos,theloudestvoices,andthemostpowerfulpeople.Thebrainwritingprocessmakessurethatallideasarebroughttothetableandthatallvoicesarebroughtintotheconversation.(在头脑风暴会议中，很容易出现这样的情况：参与讨论的往往是那些最有自信、声音最大、权力最大的人。而“头脑写作”这一过程则能确保所有的想法都能被提出，所有的声音都能被纳入讨论之中)”可知，头脑写作更有效是因为它能确保参与者的意见得到均衡的表达。故选C。【11题详析】主旨大意题。根据第四段“Tounearththehiddenpotentialinteams,insteadofbrainstorming,wearebetteroffshiftingtoaprocesscalled“brainwriting”.(为了挖掘团队的潜在能力，与其进行头脑风暴，不如采用一种名为“头脑写作”的方法会更好)”以及本文指出了头脑风暴的弊端，继而提出了一种更高效的“头脑写作”的替代方案，真正实现集思广益。故B选项“头脑写作：一种释放团队潜力的方法”最符合文章标题。故选B。DImaginewalkingintoaroomfilledwithstrangers,youhaven’tspokenaword.Youhaven’theardoneeither.Yetsomethingisalreadybeingsaid.Youmightfeeltheslightpressureofalookfromacrosstheroom.Yousensecomfortinthewayanotherpersonsmiles—notjustwiththeirlips,butwiththeirwholeface.Youknowwhoisconfident,whoisnervous,whoseemsopen,andwhoseemsclosed.Allthishappensbeforeasinglewordisspoken.Thisisn’tmagic.It’sthemind’ssecretlanguage.It’sthesilent,invisibleforcebeneatheveryhumaninteraction,shapingourrelationships,influencingourjudgments,andconnectingusinwaysthatwordsnevercould.Longbeforeyoulearnedtotalk,youwerealreadyamasterofsilentcommunication.Babiesjustdaysoldcandetecteyecontact.Theyrespondtotone,rhythmandfacialexpressions.Theycrytosignalneedandsmiletobuildbonds(联系).Novocabularyisneeded.Thisisthefoundationofwhatneuroscientistscallsocialcognition—thebrain’sabilitytounderstandandrespondtoothers.Ourbrainsarebuiltforconnection.Wedon’tjustobserveothers:wesimulate(模仿)theiractionsinsideourselves.Whenyouseesomeonesmile,yourbrainactivatesthesameregionsthatfirewhenyouyourselfsmile.Thisisthebasisofmirrorneurons,asystemdiscoveredinthe1990sthathelpsexplainhowwe“feel”whatothersfeel.Frombabyhood,westartbuildingatheoryofmind.Thismeansunderstandingthatothershavetheirownseparatethoughts,feelingsandintentions.Weusethisknowledgeconstantly,mostlywithoutspeaking.Youdon’tneedsomeonetosay,“I’mdepressed.”Yourecognizeitinhowtheyshutadoorfirmlyoravoidmeetingyoureyes.Thisskilltosenseothers—toreadtheirmentalstatefromtheirface,posture,gestures,voicetoneandevensilences—istheessentialfoundationofhumanconnection.Itexplainsourtalentforstorytelling,teamwork,andcaring.It’salsowhymisunderstandingscanhappensoeasily.12.Whatcanwelearnaboutbabiesaccordingtoparagraph3?A.Theylearnwordsquickly. B.Theybondthroughsmiles.C.Theyignorefacialexpressions. D.Theyrarelysignalneeds.13.Whydoestheauthormention“mirrorneurons”?A.Todescribebraindiseases. B.Toexplainsharingothers’feelings.C.Toargueagainstsocialcognition. D.Toprovespeech’simportance.14.Whatisparagraph5mainlyabout?A.Howbrainsprocesslanguage. B.Whypeopleavoideyecontact.C.Theroleofthetheoryofmind. D.Thediscoveryofbabies’abilities.15.Whatabilityisakeyfunctionofthetheoryofmind?A.Predictingweatherchanges. B.Creatingcomplexvocabulary.C.Understandingothers’intentions. D.Memorizingscientificterms.【答案】12.B13.B14.C15.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人类无声交流的能力，包括通过表情、姿势等感知他人情绪（镜像神经元），以及理解他人意图的“心智理论”。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“Theycrytosignalneedandsmiletobuildbonds(联系).Novocabularyisneeded.(婴儿们通过哭泣来表达需求，通过微笑来建立联系，不需要词汇)”可知，婴儿通过微笑来建立联系。故选B。【13题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第四段中的“Whenyouseesomeonesmile,yourbrainactivatesthesameregionsthatfirewhenyouyourselfsmile.Thisisthebasisofmirrorneurons,asystemdiscoveredinthe1990sthathelpsexplainhowwe“feel”whatothersfeel.(当你看到别人微笑时，你的大脑会激活与你自己微笑时相同的区域。这就是镜像神经元的基础，这个系统是在20世纪90年代被发现的，它有助于解释我们如何“感受”别人的感受)”可知，作者提到“镜像神经元”是为了解释我们如何分享别人的感受。故选B。【14题详析】主旨大意题。根据文章第五段中的“Frombabyhood,westartbuildingatheoryofmind.Thismeansunderstandingthatothershavetheirownseparatethoughts,feelingsandintentions.(从婴儿时期开始，我们就开始建立一种心理理论，即理解别人有自己独立的思想、感情和意图)”以及“Weusethisknowledgeconstantly,mostlywithoutspeaking.Youdon’tneedsomeonetosay,“I’mdepressed.”Yourecognizeitinhowtheyshutadoorfirmlyoravoidmeetingyoureyes.(我们经常运用这种认知能力，但往往无需言语表达。你无需有人告诉你说“我很沮丧”。你能够通过他们紧闭房门的动作或者避免与你对视的方式察觉出这种情绪。)”可知，本段描述了我们在日常生活中如何使用我们婴儿时期所建立的“心理理论”，即本段讲述了心理理论的作用。故选C。【15题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第五段中的“Frombabyhood,westartbuildingatheoryofmind.Thismeansunderstandingthatothershavetheirownseparatethoughts,feelingsandintentions.(从婴儿时期开始，我们就开始建立一种心理理论，即理解别人有自己独立的思想、感情和意图)”可知，理解别人的意图是心理理论的一个关键功能。故选C。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HowtoHandlePeer(同龄人)PressureAsadolescentsarethemostsensitiveagegroup,peerpressureisacommonissuetheyoftenencounterduringtheiracademicjourney.Theyhaveastrongdesiretobelongaswellasforafearofnotbelonging.Whenclassmatesinfluenceeachothertoadoptspecificbehaviors,attitudes,orchoices,thepressureoccurs.___16___Herearesomestrategiestoovercomethesepressures:___17___Everyonehasasetofvaluesthatareuniquetothem.Understandingpersonalcorevaluesandbeliefslaysasolidfoundationforresistingnegativeinfluences.Whenindividualsareclearabouttheiridentityandprinciples,theyarelesslikelytosurrendertopeerpressure.Regularpersonalreflectionhelpsshapeandstrengthenthisindividualconsciousness.Establishclearboundaries.Settingboundariesinvolvesexpressingone’sthoughts,feelings,anddecisionsconfidentlyandrespectfully,eveninthefaceofopposition.Byfirmlybutmildlycommunicatingpersonalboundariesandpreferences,individualscanmaintaincontrolovertheirchoices.___18___Surroundoneselfwithsupportiveinfluences.Buildinggenuineconnectionswithlike-mindedindividualswhorespectandsupporteachother’svaluesactsasashieldagainstnegativeinfluencesandfostersapositivesocialenvironment,providingencouragement.___19___Theirwisdom,encouragement,andsupporthelpbuildconfidenceandnavigatecomplexsocialdynamics.Viewpeerpressureobjectivelyandmakeabalance.___20___Positivepeerpressureinvolvespeerssupportingandencouragingconstructiveactions,suchasspreadingkindness,creatinganactiveandanti-bullyingatmosphere.Neutralpeerpressureinvolvesinnon-harmfulareaslikefashionandspeechpatterns.Inconclusion,althoughpeerpressureisoftenadestructiveforcethatneedstobeovercome,itcanalsoencourageteenagerstobehaveinwaysthatarebeneficialtothemselvesandothers.A.Developastrongsenseofself-awareness.B.Bepositiveaboutyourownreactionsandfeelings.C.Tacklingpeerpressurecanbechallengingbutmanageable.D.Despiteitsnegativeimplication,peerpressurecanalsobeinspiringorneutral.E.Inthiswaytheycanresistpeerpressurewithoutbeingaggressiveorsubmissive.F.Theterm“peerpressure”mostpopularlyreferstotheinfluencesfeltbyclassmates.G.Additionally,seekingguidancefromtrustedadultsofferspricelessinsightsandadvice.【答案】16.C17.A18.E19.G20.D【语篇解读】本文是篇说明文。文章主要就如何应对同龄人压力提出了几点建议和方法。【16题详析】根据上句“Whenclassmatesinfluenceeachothertoadoptspecificbehaviors,attitudes,orchoices,thepressureoccurs.(当同学们相互影响采取特定的行为、态度或选择时，压力就产生了。)”，选项C.Tacklingpeerpressurecanbechallengingbutmanageable.(应对同龄人压力是一项挑战，但也是可控的。)进一步提出了压力产生后，需要加以应对，这是一种挑战，但也可控，承接上文的同时，引出下文“Herearesomestrategiestoovercomethesepressures:(以下是一些克服这些压力的策略)”，就如何应对压力提出方法，语意衔接，符合语境。故选C。【17题详析】空处为第二段段落主题句，参考三、四、五段可知，应用祈使句；根据该段“Whenindividualsareclearabouttheiridentityandprinciples,theyarelesslikelytosurrendertopeerpressure.Regularpersonalreflectionhelpsshapeandstrengthenthisindividualconsciousness.(当个人清楚自己的身份和原则时，他们就不太可能屈服于同龄人的压力。定期的个人反思有助于塑造和加强这种个人意识。)”可知，第二段主要是建议同学们要塑造和加强个人意识，选项A.Developastrongsenseofself-awareness.(培养强烈的自我意识。)与该段主题一致，总结概括了段落主题。故选A。【18题详析】根据上句“Byfirmlybutmildlycommunicatingpersonalboundariesandpreferences,individualscanmaintaincontrolovertheirchoices.(通过坚定而温和地沟通个人界限和偏好，个人可以保持对自己选择的控制。)”可知，该句描述了个人保持对自己选择控制的具体方法，选项E.Inthiswaytheycanresistpeerpressurewithoutbeingaggressiveorsubmissive.(通过这种方式，他们可以抵抗同龄人的压力，而不会咄咄逼人或顺从。)进一步说明了用这种方法还可以抵抗同龄人的压力，衔接合理，符合语境。故选E。【19题详析】根据上句“Buildinggenuineconnectionswithlike-mindedindividualswhorespectandsupporteachother’svaluesactsasashieldagainstnegativeinfluencesandfostersapositivesocialenvironment,providingencouragement.(与志同道合的人建立真正的联系，尊重和支持彼此的价值观，作为抵御负面影响的盾牌，培养积极的社会环境，提供鼓励。)”，选项G.Additionally,seekingguidancefromtrustedadultsofferspricelessinsightsandadvice.(此外，从值得信赖的成年人那里寻求指导可以提供无价的见解和建议。)补充说明了要让自己获得周围人的支持，除了要与志同道合的人建立联系，还要从值得信赖的成年人那里寻求指导，描述了第四段主题句“Surroundoneselfwithsupportiveinfluences.(使自己周围得到支持)”的具体做法；下句“Theirwisdom,encouragement,andsupporthelpbuildconfidenceandnavigatecomplexsocialdynamics.(他们的智慧、鼓励和支持有助于建立信心，驾驭复杂的社会动态。)”中的“Their”指代选项G中的“trustedadults”，解释说明了要得到这些成年人指导的原因，语意衔接合理。故选G。【20题详析】根据第一段“Asadolescentsarethemostsensitiveagegroup,peerpressureisacommonissuetheyoftenencounterduringtheiracademicjourney.(由于青少年是最敏感的年龄组，同龄人压力是他们在学习过程中经常遇到的一个常见问题。)”和“Herearesomestrategiestoovercomethesepressures:(以下是一些克服这些压力的策略)”及前文内容可知，文章主要讲述了如何应对带给人负面影响的同龄人压力，选项D.Despiteitsnegativeimplication,peerpressurecanalsobeinspiringorneutral.(尽管有负面的影响，同龄人压力也可以是鼓舞人心的或中立的。)承接前文所讲述的同龄人压力带来的负面影响，并引出下文“Positivepeerpressureinvolvespeerssupportingandencouragingconstructiveactions,suchasspreadingkindness,creatinganactiveandanti-bullyingatmosphere.Neutralpeerpressureinvolvesinnon-harmfulareaslikefashionandspeechpatterns.(积极的同龄人压力包括同伴支持和鼓励建设性的行为，比如传播善意，创造一个积极和反欺凌的氛围。中立的同龄人压力涉及非有害领域，如时尚和说话方式。)”中所提到的鼓舞人心和中立的同龄人压力，下文对其内容进行了具体的描述，与段落最后“Inconclusion,althoughpeerpressureisoftenadestructiveforcethatneedstobeovercome,itcanalsoencourageteenagerstobehaveinwaysthatarebeneficialtothemselvesandothers.(总之，尽管同辈压力通常是一种需要克服的破坏性力量，但它也可以鼓励青少年以有利于自己和他人的方式行事。)”所作出的总结意义相符，符合段落主题。故选D。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Ialwaysmissthedaysspentatuniversity.Myexperiencesthere____21____mealot,makingmeapersonIhadneverexpectedtobe.ImetindividualshavinggreatpassionsuchasProfessorJohnson.Hewas____22____,whoalwayspushedmebeyondthecomfortzone.Heaskedmetoanalyzecomplexconceptsand____23____deepdiscussions.Asforacademichomework,Icouldalwaysreceivehisthorough____24____.Hisgreatdevotiontohisprofessionmotivatedmetoprogressfurther.Theweeklylabprogramswereunforgettable,usuallyincludingfieldtrips.Onetrip____25____.OnacoldJanuaryafternoon,ProfessorJohnsonledustoastreamwhereI____26____somegreenwatercress(水田芥).Hetoldusaboutitsfunctionsandcharacteristicsandevenpickedsomeforusto____27____.Ihadneverimaginedavegetablecouldgrowinthiskindofwinterclimate,andonebiteofthevegetablewithgreatflavorandicy,crispfeel___28___me.Thatexperiencearousedmydeep____29____fornatureandcommitmenttoenvironmentalconservation.Being____30____tofeelingsofaweatuniversityregularlyshiftedmyfocusawayfrommyself,makingme___31___inthepresenceofsomethinggreater.Basedonallthis,mybestadvicetofellowstudentsasto____32____aweduringthetimeatuniversity.Getinvolvedinopportunitiesthatstretchyou.____33____,youmayfeelconfusedandevenfrightenedalittlebitbutrealeducationrequiressomedegreeof____34____.Whenyoufinallywalkacrossthestageatgraduation,youwillbe____35____forthoseexperiences.21.A.favored B.pleased C.transformed D.consumed22.A.honest B.strict C.passionate D.polite23.A.enterinto B.breakoff C.attendto D.withdrawfrom24.A.criticisms B.evaluations C.descriptions D.considerations25.A.stoodout B.fadedaway C.gotthrough D.slippedout26.A.planted B.protected C.discovered D.removed27.A.taste B.record C.watch D.sell28.A.stressed B.affected C.addressed D.refreshed29.A.hope B.admiration C.regret D.concern30.A.treated B.compared C.exposed D.added31.A.humble B.nervous C.proud D.desperate32.A.prevent B.seek C.abandon D.await33.A.Gradually B.Secretly C.Originally D.Suddenly34.A.competence B.discomfort C.knowledge D.interest35.A.ready B.famous C.fit D.grateful【答案】21.C22.B23.A24.B25.A26.C27.A28.D29.B30.C31.A32.B33.C34.B35.D【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述大学经历对作者的改变，以及从教授和实践活动中收获的成长与感悟。【21题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在那里的经历极大地改变了我，让我成为了一个从未想过会成为的人。A.favored偏爱，支持；B.pleased使高兴；C.transformed使改观，使转变；D.consumed消耗，耗尽。根据下文“makingmeapersonIhadneverexpectedtobe”可知，大学经历彻底改变了作者。故选C。【22题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他很严格，总是督促我走出舒适区。A.honest诚实的；B.strict严格的；C.passionate热情的；D.polite有礼貌的。根据下文“whoalwayspushedmebeyondthecomfortzone”可知，这位教授对作者要求严格。故选B。【23题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：他让我分析复杂的概念，并参与深入的讨论。A.enterinto参与，开始从事；B.breakoff中断，突然停止；C.attendto照料，处理；D.withdrawfrom退出，撤离。根据前文“analyzecomplexconcepts”和语境可知，教授要求作者参与深度讨论。故选A。【24题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：至于学术作业，我总能得到他全面的评价。A.criticisms批评；B.evaluations评价，评估；C.descriptions描述；D.considerations考虑，考量。根据前文“academichomework”可知，教授会对作者的作业给出全面评估。故选B。【25题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：有一次实地考察尤为突出。A.stoodout突出，显眼；B.fadedaway逐渐消失；C.gotthrough通过，完成；D.slippedout溜走，悄悄离开。根据下文对一月寒冷午后那次考察的详细描述可知，这次经历在众多考察中很突出。故选A。【26题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在一月一个寒冷的下午，约翰逊教授带我们来到一条小溪边，我在那里发现了一些绿色的水田芥。A.planted种植；B.protected保护；C.discovered发现；D.removed移开，去除。根据下文“somegreenwatercress

”和语境可知，作者是在小溪边偶然发现水田芥的。故选C。【27题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他给我们讲解了它的功能和特性，甚至摘了一些让我们品尝。A.taste品尝；B.record记录；C.watch观看；D.sell售卖。根据下文“onebiteofthevegetable”可知，教授摘了水田芥让大家品尝。故选A。【28题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我从未想过这种蔬菜能在这样的冬季气候中生长，咬上一口，味道鲜美，口感冰凉爽脆，让我精神一振。A.stressed使紧张，强调；B.affected影响；C.addressed解决，致辞；D.refreshed使精神振作，使清爽。根据前文“greatflavorandicy,crispfeel”可知，品尝水田芥的体验让作者感到清爽振奋。故选D。【29题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：那次经历唤起了我对自然深深的敬佩，以及投身环境保护的决心。A.hope希望；B.admiration敬佩，赞赏；C.regret后悔；D.concern担心，关切。根据下文“commitmenttoenvironmentalconservation”可知，这次经历让作者对自然产生了敬佩之情。故选B。【30题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在大学里经常接触到令人敬畏的事物，这让我的关注点不再局限于自己，也让我在更宏大的事物面前变得谦卑。A.treated对待，治疗；B.compared比较；C.exposed使接触，使暴露于；D.added增加。根据上文对一次考查的具体描述以及下文“tofeelingsofaweatuniversityregularly”可知，此处指接触到令人敬畏的事物。故选C。【31题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在大学里经常接触到令人敬畏的事物，这让我的关注点不再局限于自己，也让我在更宏大的事物面前变得谦卑。A.humble谦卑的，谦逊的；B.nervou