湖南省沅澧共同体2024-2025学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1湖南省沅澧共同体2024-2025学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AWhenitcomestochoosingwheretogoforavacation,whatyou’regoingtoeatanddrinkcanbeabigpartofmakingtravelplans.So,asyoudreamaboutwhereyou’llgonext,whichcuisine(菜肴)rules?FranceIfyou’reoneofthosepeoplewhodon’tliketoeatbecause“there’smoretolifethanfood”,thenvisitParis.It’sacityknownforitsbad-temperedpeople,buttheyallbelieveintheimportanceofgoodfood.Two-hourlunchbreakforthree-coursemealsarecustomary.Down-to-earthcookingwillsurprisethosewhothoughtoftheFrenchastheworld’sfoodsnob(势利小人)—itisthebirthplaceofTheMichelinGuide,afterall.ChinaThepeoplewhogreeteachotherwith“Haveyoueatenyet?”aredefinitelythefoodloversintheworld.ButtheChinesedon’tjustcookandsellfood,theyalsomakeittastegreat.China’sregionalcuisinesaresovariedthatit’shardtobelievethey’refromthesamenation.It’snotafoodcultureyoucaneasilysummarize.ItalyItalianfoodhasattractedeatersaroundtheworldforcenturies,withitstomatosauces,thosecleverthingstheydowithwheatflourandtastydesserts.It’snotatalldifficult.Getsomenoodles,getsomeoliveoil,getsomegarlic,maybeatomatoorasliceofbacon.Youhaveapartyonaplate.Anditisallsoeasytocookandeat.ThailandStreeteatsareaThaiattraction.FlipthroughaThaicookbook,andyou’llbehardpressedtofindaningredient(配料)listthatdoesn’trunapagelong.Thecombinationofsomanyherbsandspicesineachdishproducesmanyflavorsthatsomehowcometogetherlikeorchestralmusic.Thaisfitspicy,sour,salty,sweet,chewy,crunchyandslipperyintoonedish.Ifyouwanttoknowmoreaboutthetravelplans,clickhereandwearepleasedtohelpyou.21.WhoismorelikelytovisitChina?A.Susanpreferringeatingsnacks.B.Jenniferpursuingthevarietyoffood.C.Lindaenjoyingfoodcookedwithwheatflour.D.Tomattachingimportancetothequalityoffood.22.HowisItaly’scooking?A.Simple. B.Varied. C.Grounded. D.Expensive.23.Wherecanyoufindthepassage?A.Anewspaper. B.Astorybook. C.Anadvertisement. D.Awebsite.【答案】21.B22.A23.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章分别详细说明了法国、中国、意大利和泰国这四个国家的饮食文化特点。【21题详析】推理判断题。根据China标题下的“Thepeoplewhogreeteachotherwith“Haveyoueatenyet?”aredefinitelythefoodloversintheworld.ButtheChinesedon’tjustcookandsellfood,theyalsomakeittastegreat.China’sregionalcuisinesaresovariedthatit’shardtobelievethey’refromthesamenation.It’snotafoodcultureyoucaneasilysummarize.(用“你吃了吗？”来打招呼的人绝对是世界上的美食爱好者。但中国人不只是烹饪和销售食物，他们还把食物做得很好吃。中国的地方菜系种类繁多，很难相信它们来自同一个国家。这不是一种你可以轻易概括的饮食文化)”可知，中国食物种类繁多，所以追求食物的多样性的詹妮弗更有可能访问中国。故选B项。【22题详析】细节理解题。根据Italy标题下的“Italianfoodhasattractedeatersaroundtheworldforcenturies,withitstomatosauces,thosecleverthingstheydowithwheatflourandtastydesserts.It’snotatalldifficult.Getsomenoodles,getsomeoliveoil,getsomegarlic,maybeatomatoorasliceofbacon.Youhaveapartyonaplate.Anditisallsoeasytocookandeat.(数百年来，意大利美食以其番茄酱汁、面粉的精妙运用和美味甜点吸引着全球食客。这一切其实并不复杂：备好意大利面、橄榄油、几瓣大蒜，或许再加个番茄或一片培根，餐盘上便能绽放一场味觉盛宴。烹煮简便，享用随心)”可知，意大利的烹饪是简单的。故选A项。【23题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Ifyouwanttoknowmoreaboutthetravelplans,clickhereandwearepleasedtohelpyou.(如果您想了解更多的旅游计划，请点击这里，我们很乐意为您提供帮助)”可推知，一般只有网页中才会有“点击这里”选项。故选D项。BUnliketraveladvisorysites,thesocialmediaapphostsshortvideosofusers’travelexperiences.AftersearchingthroughTikTokforvideosrelatingtoTenerife,thisiswhatIendedupdoing.Firstly,Ichoseafuntrainride,whichcost£9forwhatwasa45-minutejourney.Whileitwasnotarealtrainontracks,thevehiclewasstyledlikeoneandhadthreeshaded,open-aircarriagesforpassengers.The“train”jolted(颠簸)anditsbellrangasitwentalongtheroadsofstreetslinedwithpalmtrees,bars,restaurantsandresorts.Onthesecondday,Ibookedatwo-hourtripforaround£13.Thecrewmadeitclearthatwewouldnotbechasingordisturbingthewildlifeandtheywouldturntheengineoffwhenwewerenearthem.Isawseveralshort-finnedpilotwhales,someofwhomswamrightnexttotheboat.Theywerereallycute.Ididn’tseeanycommondolphinsoranyoftheotheraquatic(水栖的)animalsthecrewsaidwemightencounter.Buttheydidwarnus.Overall,theexperiencewasfun.FromthemomentIarrivedatthisrestaurantIunderstoodwhyTikTokusershadpraiseditendlessly.Theentirevenuewasdecoratedwithflowers,andfeaturedatablefortwowithswingsforseats.Thelights,encased(包围)inawoodencagedesign,hungdownfromrope,andthewhitewoodenseatshadpinkcushionsonthem.Itwasatreatfortheeyes.Onthelastday,aftermyexperienceonthevolcanowascanceledduetobadweather,Isetmysightsonanothersuggestion:Mascavillage.AdvertisedonTikTokasa“lostpiratevillage”,Mascawasbeautiful,whichwasbeyondwords.TheonlydisadvantagewasthatMascaisquitehardtogetto.Itookataxithere,butitwasimpossibletofindonetotakemeback.Instead,Iwaited90minutesforabus.24.Whywasthetrainrideinteresting?A.Itwasacheapandlongjourney. B.Itwentalongtheroadsofstreets.C.Itgaveridersanunusualexperience. D.Itwaseasytomakefriendsonthetrain.25.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthecrewinparagraph3?A.Generous. B.Responsible. C.Patient. D.Humorous.26.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“treat”inparagraph4mean?A.Feast. B.Cure. C.Threat. D.Set.27.WhathappenedwhentheauthorwasinMasca?A.Hewaslostcompletely. B.Hefinallytookataxiback.C.Hewasattractedbythecharmingview. D.Hecaughtsightofthevolcano’seruption.【答案】24.C25.B26.A27.C【语篇解读】本文是记叙文。详细记录了作者在特内里费岛的旅行经历。【24题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段“Firstly,Ichoseafuntrainride,whichcost£9forwhatwasa45-minutejourney.Whileitwasnotarealtrainontracks,thevehiclewasstyledlikeoneandhadthreeshaded,open-aircarriagesforpassengers.The“train”jolted(颠簸)anditsbellrangasitwentalongtheroadsofstreetslinedwithpalmtrees,bars,restaurantsandresorts.(首先，我选择了一个有趣的火车之旅，45分钟的旅程花费了9英镑。虽然这不是一辆真正的轨道上的火车，但这辆车的风格很像一辆火车，有三个遮阳的露天车厢供乘客使用。随着“火车”沿着两旁种满棕榈树的街道行驶，沿途经过酒吧、餐厅和度假村，车厢随之颠簸前行，铃声叮当作响)”可知，“火车”给乘客们带来了不寻常的体验，所以有趣。故选C项。【25题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段“Thecrewmadeitclearthatwewouldnotbechasingordisturbingthewildlifeandtheywouldturntheengineoffwhenwewerenearthem.Isawseveralshort-finnedpilotwhales,someofwhomswamrightnexttotheboat.Theywerereallycute.Ididn’tseeanycommondolphinsoranyoftheotheraquatic(水栖的)animalsthecrewsaidwemightencounter.Buttheydidwarnus.(机组人员明确表示，我们不会追逐或打扰野生动物，当我们靠近它们时，他们会关掉引擎。我看到几只短鳍领航鲸，其中一些就游到船旁边。他们真的很可爱。我没有看到任何普通的海豚，也没有看到船员说我们可能会遇到的任何其他水生动物。但他们确实警告过我们)”可知，船员明确表示不会追逐或打扰野生动物，并在靠近动物时关闭引擎，还提前警告可能看不到某些动物。这体现了他们对野生动物和游客的负责态度。故选B项。【26题详析】词句猜测题。根据前文“Theentirevenuewasdecoratedwithflowers,andfeaturedatablefortwowithswingsforseats.Thelights,encased(包围)inawoodencagedesign,hungdownfromrope,andthewhitewoodenseatshadpinkcushionsonthem.(整个场地都装饰着鲜花，还有一张双人桌，椅子上有秋千。灯装在一个木制的笼子里，从绳子上垂下来，白色的木椅上有粉红色的靠垫)”可知，整个场地装饰的非常漂亮，是一场视觉盛宴，推知treat应是“盛宴”之意，和A项意思相近。故选A项。【27题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Onthelastday,aftermyexperienceonthevolcanowascanceledduetobadweather,Isetmysightsonanothersuggestion:Mascavillage.AdvertisedonTikTokasa“lostpiratevillage”,Mascawasbeautiful,whichwasbeyondwords.(最后一天，由于天气不好，我的火山之旅取消了，我把目光投向了另一个建议：马斯卡村。在TikTok上，马斯卡被宣传为“失落的海盗村”，美得无法用言语形容)”可知，马斯卡村美得无法用言语形容，推知作者在马斯卡时被迷人的景色所吸引。故选C项。CSleepandexerciseworktogetherlikegearsinamachine:whenoneturnssmoothly,theotherfollowssuit(跟着做).Qualitysleepsupportsathleticrecoveryandperformance,whileexercisereleasesusefulbrainchemicals,lowersstressandcanhelpyoufallasleepfaster.Justasthebenefitsgohand-in-hand,sodothedrawbacks.There’snoquestionthatexerciseisgenerallygoodforsleep.“Peoplewhoexerciseanhourgetabiggerbenefitthanthosewhoexercise30minutes,”Baronsaid.Butyoucanoverdoit.Accordingtoa2021study,morethansixintensesessionsaweekcanleadtodifficultyfallingasleep.Anotherstudyfoundthatveryhighlevelsofexerciseincreasedinsomnia(失眠症)riskforsomeindividuals,especiallyforthosewhosemainphysicalactivitycomesfromdemandingjobs.Timingmatters,too.A2022studyfoundthatintense(激烈的)exerciseendingonehourbeforebedmaydisruptsleep.Iftheeveningisyouronlyfreetime,tryshortersessionsandtonedowntheintensity.Whileresearchershaven’tdefinitivelydeterminedtheidealexerciseroutineforsleepimprovement,a2024studysuggestedmoderate(普通的)aerobicexercisepairedwithlightstrengthtraining,mind-bodypractices(likeyogaortaichi)andtraditionalinsomniatreatment.Aboveall,findarhythm.Itcantakeweeksandmonthsforanexercisehabittotranslatetobettersleep,andtheshort-termeffectscanbeprettysmall,Baronsaid.Onceyoudialinaroutinethatworks,thegearswillstartturningagain—youwillsleepbetterafterbeingactive,andyourworkoutswillfeeleasierasyousleepthroughthenight.28.Whatcanweinferfromthefirstparagraph?A.Exercisemore,sleeplonger.B.Intenseexercisecanimprovesleepquality.C.Sleepandexercisearelikepeasandcarrots.D.Sleepandexerciseareindependentofeachother.29.Whydoestheauthormentionthestudiesinparagraph2?A.Toencouragepeopletogotobedearlyandgetupearly.B.Toadvisepeopletostayawayfromsomedemandingjobs.C.Totellpeoplehigh-intensityexercisemaycausesleepdisorder.D.Toremindpeoplewithinsomniaoftheimportanceofexercise.30.Whatdoresearchersrecommendtohelpimprovesleepaccordingtoa2024study?A.Havingabalanceddiet. B.Dependingontreatment.C.Practisingheavystrengthtraining. D.Pairingmoderateexerciseswithtreatment.31.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.WhatHelpstoLowerStress B.WhatSupportsaSoundSleepC.HowtoControlExerciseIntensity D.HowtoExerciseforBetterSleep【答案】28.C29.C30.D31.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍睡眠与运动的相互作用，以及如何通过合理运动来改善睡眠质量的相关建议。【28题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Sleepandexerciseworktogetherlikegearsinamachine:whenoneturnssmoothly,theotherfollowssuit(跟着做).Qualitysleepsupportsathleticrecoveryandperformance,whileexercisereleasesusefulbrainchemicals,lowersstressandcanhelpyoufallasleepfaster.Justasthebenefitsgohand-in-hand,sodothedrawbacks.(睡眠和运动就像机器里的齿轮一样协同运作：当一方顺畅运转时，另一方也会随之跟进。优质的睡眠有助于运动后的恢复和运动表现，而运动能释放有益的大脑化学物质、缓解压力，还能帮助你更快入睡。二者的益处相辅相成，弊端亦是如此。)”可知，睡眠和运动关系密切、相辅相成，与“形影不离”的含义相近。故选C项。【29题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Butyoucanoverdoit.Accordingtoa2021study,morethansixintensesessionsaweekcanleadtodifficultyfallingasleep.Anotherstudyfoundthatveryhighlevelsofexerciseincreasedinsomnia(失眠症)riskforsomeindividuals,especiallyforthosewhosemainphysicalactivitycomesfromdemandingjobs.(但运动也可能过度。2021年的一项研究表明，每周进行超过六次高强度运动可能会导致入睡困难。另一项研究发现，极高强度的运动可能会增加部分人群的失眠风险，尤其是那些主要体力活动来自高要求工作的人。)”可知，作者提及这些研究是为了说明高强度运动可能会引发睡眠障碍。故选C项。【30题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Whileresearchershaven’tdefinitivelydeterminedtheidealexerciseroutineforsleepimprovement,a2024studysuggestedmoderate(普通的)aerobicexercisepairedwithlightstrengthtraining,mind-bodypractices(likeyogaortaichi)andtraditionalinsomniatreatment.(尽管研究人员尚未明确确定改善睡眠的理想运动方案，但2024年的一项研究建议，可将中等强度有氧运动与轻度力量训练、身心练习（如瑜伽或太极）以及传统失眠疗法相结合。)”可知，2024年的研究建议将适度运动与治疗相结合来改善睡眠。故选D项。【31题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文，文章开篇点明睡眠与运动的关联，随后介绍过量高强度运动对睡眠的负面影响、运动时间的重要性，以及改善睡眠的运动建议，核心内容是围绕“如何通过运动来获得更好的睡眠”展开。因此“HowtoExerciseforBetterSleep(如何运动以获得更好的睡眠)”概括了文章的主题，最适合作为文章标题。故选D项。DHaveyouevernoticedhowaparticularsongcanbringbackafloodofmemories?Maybeit’sthetunethatwasplayingduringyourfirstdance,ortheanthem(主题曲)ofamemorableroadtrip.Peopleoftenthinkofthesemusicalmemoriesasfixedpicturesofthepast.Butrecentresearchsuggestsmusicmaydomorethanjusttrigger(唤醒)memories—itmightevenchangehowyourememberthem.Listeningtomusiccanchangehowyoufeelaboutwhatyouremember—potentiallyofferingnewwaystohelppeoplecopewithdifficultmemories.Whenyoulistentomusic,it’snotjustyourearsthatareengaged.Theareasofyourbrainresponsibleforemotionandmemoryalsobecomeactive.Thehippocampus,whichisimportantforstoringmemories,workscloselywiththeamygdala,thebrain’semotionalcenter.Thisispartlywhycertainsongsarenotonlymemorablebutalsodeeplyemotional.Althoughmusic’sabilitytoevoke(唤起)emotionsandtriggermemoriesiswellknown,wewonderedwhetheritcouldalsoaltertheemotionalcontentofexistingmemories.Asaresult,wedevelopedathree-dayexperimenttotestwhethermusicplayedduringrecallmightintroducenewemotionalelementsintotheoriginalmemory.Onthefirstday,participantsmemorizedaseriesofshort,emotionallyneutralstories.Thenextday,theyrecalledthesestorieswhilelisteningtoeitherpositivemusic,negativemusicorsilence.Onthefinalday,participantswereaskedtorecallthestoriesagain,thistimewithoutanymusic.Theresultswereamazing.Whenparticipantslistenedtoemotionallychargedmusicwhilerecallingstories,theyweremorelikelytoincludenewemotionalelementsintothestorythatmatchedthemoodofthemusic.Whilefurtherresearchisneeded,thefindingshaveexcitingimplicationsforbotheverydaylifeandformedicine.Forpeopledealingwithconditionssuchasdepressionorsadness,wherenegativememoriescanbeoverwhelming(巨大的),carefullychosenmusicmighthelpreshapethosememoriesinamorepositivelightandpotentiallyreducetheirnegativeemotionalimpactovertime.It’salsohopefulforexploringmusic-basedinterventionsintreatmentsfordepressionandothermentalhealthconditions.Thenexttimeyouputonafavoriteplaylist,considerhowitmightbecoloringnotjustyourcurrentmoodbutalsoyourfuturememoriesaswell.32.Howdoestheauthorintroducethetopicofthetext?A.Bylistingseveralfacts. B.Bydescribingasong.C.Bypresentingaresearch. D.Byraisingaquestion.33.WhatisthefunctionofamygdalainParagraph2?A.Tostorememories. B.Tomanageemotion. C.Tosendmessages. D.Todetermineactions.34.What’sthemainfocusofthethree-dayexperiment?A.Theroleofthehippocampusinmemory.B.Theinfluenceofsilenceonmemoryrecall.C.Theeffectsofmusiconphysicalandmentalhealth.D.Theimpactofmusiconemotionalcontentofmemories.35.Whichstatementdoestheauthorprobablyagreewith?A.Musicmayhelptocolormoodandmemories.B.Musiciseffectiveintreatingmentalproblems.C.Musiccanbeusedtoerasenegativememories.D.Musiccanreplacetraditionaltreatmentfordepression.【答案】32.D33.B34.D35.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要解释了音乐如何影响人们的记忆和情感。【32题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“Haveyouevernoticedhowaparticularsongcanbringbackafloodofmemories?Maybeit’sthetunethatwasplayingduringyourfirstdance,ortheanthem(主题曲)ofamemorableroadtrip.Peopleoftenthinkofthesemusicalmemoriesasfixedpicturesofthepast.Butrecentresearchsuggestsmusicmaydomorethanjusttrigger(唤醒)memories—itmightevenchangehowyourememberthem.(你是否曾留意过，一首特定的歌曲如何能唤起如潮的回忆？也许是初舞时萦绕的旋律，或是一场难忘公路旅行的主题曲。人们常将这些音乐记忆视为定格的往昔画面。然而最新研究表明，音乐的作用不止于唤醒记忆——它甚至可能改变人们对记忆的感知方式)”可知，作者通过提出问题来引入文章的主题。故选D项。【33题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Whenyoulistentomusic,it’snotjustyourearsthatareengaged.Theareasofyourbrainresponsibleforemotionandmemoryalsobecomeactive.Thehippocampus,whichisimportantforstoringmemories,workscloselywiththeamygdala,thebrain’semotionalcenter.Thisispartlywhycertainsongsarenotonlymemorablebutalsodeeplyemotional.(当你听音乐时，不仅仅是你的耳朵在听音乐。大脑中负责情绪和记忆的区域也变得活跃起来。海马体对储存记忆很重要，它与杏仁核（大脑的情感中心）密切合作。这就是为什么某些歌曲不仅令人难忘，而且充满情感)”可知，杏仁核的功能是管理情绪。故选B项。【34题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Althoughmusic’sabilitytoevoke(唤起)emotionsandtriggermemoriesiswellknown,wewonderedwhetheritcouldalsoaltertheemotionalcontentofexistingmemories.Asaresult,Wedevelopedathree-dayexperimenttotestwhethermusicplayedduringrecallmightintroducenewemotionalelementsintotheoriginalmemory.(虽然音乐唤起情感和触发记忆的能力是众所周知的，但我们想知道它是否也能改变现有记忆的情感内容。因此，我们开展了一个为期三天的实验，以测试在回忆过程中播放的音乐是否会在原始记忆中引入新的情感元素)”可知，这个为期三天的实验的主要焦点是音乐对记忆情感内容的影响。故选D项。【35题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Whilefurtherresearchisneeded,thefindingshaveexcitingimplicationsforbotheverydaylifeandformedicine.Forpeopledealingwithconditionssuchasdepressionorsadness,wherenegativememoriescanbeoverwhelming(巨大的),carefullychosenmusicmighthelpreshapethosememoriesinamorepositivelightandpotentiallyreducetheirnegativeemotionalimpactovertime.It’salsohopefulforexploringmusic-basedinterventionsintreatmentsfordepressionandothermentalhealthconditions.Thenexttimeyouputonafavoriteplaylist,considerhowitmightbecoloringnotjustyourcurrentmoodbutalsoyourfuturememoriesaswell.(虽然还需要进一步的研究，但这些发现对日常生活和医学都有令人兴奋的意义。对于那些正在处理抑郁或悲伤等负面记忆的人来说，精心挑选的音乐可能有助于以更积极的方式重塑这些记忆，并随着时间的推移潜在地减少它们的负面情绪影响。它也有望探索以音乐为基础的干预措施，用于治疗抑郁症和其他精神健康状况。下次当你打开最喜欢的播放列表时，考虑一下它不仅会影响你当前的情绪，还会影响你未来的记忆)”可知，作者认为音乐可以帮助渲染情绪和记忆。故选A项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Arecentresearchsuggeststhattheexperienceofhikingisuniqueandthatitinnatureisnotonlygoodforourbodies,butalsogoodforourmoods,ourminds,andourrelationships.___36___Hikingkeepsourmindsharperthanmanyotherformsofexercise.Allexerciseisgoodforus.Buthikinginvolvessomethingmanyotherformsofexercisedon’t:trails(小路),whereallofthethingswemightmeetrequireadjustmentstoourroute,whichisgoodforourbrain.___37___Butresearchsuggeststhathikingdoesn’tjustmakeusfeelgood,itmightalsokeepourbrainintopshapewhenweareworking.___38___Exerciseingeneralcanbeagoodwaytodecreasestress.Butwhatsetshikingapartfromotherformsofexerciseisthathikingcanhappenalmostanywhereandgiveusthatdoseofnatureweneedtostayhappy.Hikingcanincreaseourcreativity.Walksinnatureletourmindswanderfreeincreativedirections.___39___Hikinghelpsstrengthenapositiverelationshipwiththenaturalworld.Afterall,ifwecanwalkandcoverlongerdistances,wecouldusecarslessandreduceourcarbonfootprint,whichbenefitsourplanetindirectly.___40___Developingapositiverelationshipwiththenaturalworldcanhelpustocareaboutitsfate,makingusmorecommittedtoconservationefforts.A.Hikinghelpstokeepuscalmandhappy.B.Hikingandworkinghavestrongconnection.C.Asaresult,itincreasesourconnectiontonature.D.Forexample,someofthesongsarecreatedwhilehiking.E.Hereiswhatscienceissayingaboutthebenefitsofhiking.F.Thatshowsthathikingisoneofthebestwaystomoveourbody.G.Wealwayscomplainthatwedon’thaveenoughtimetohikeduringworkdays.【答案】36.E37.G38.A39.D40.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了徒步旅行的好处。【36题详析】设空位于首段段尾，应起到承接上文，并引出下文的作用，根据前文“Arecentresearchsuggeststhattheexperienceofhikingisuniqueandthatitinnatureisnotonlygoodforourbodies,butalsogoodforourmoods,ourminds,andourrelationships.(最近一项研究表明，徒步体验是独特的，身处大自然不仅有益于我们的身体健康，还能改善情绪、促进思维发展和增进人际关系)”可知，本文主要讲述徒步旅行的好处，所以E项“Hereiswhatscienceissayingaboutthebenefitsofhiking.(以下是科学对徒步旅行好处的解释)”符合文意，承接上文，点出主题。故选E项。【37题详析】根据后文“Butresearchsuggeststhathikingdoesn’tjustmakeusfeelgood,itmightalsokeepourbrainintopshapewhenweareworking.(但研究表明，徒步旅行不仅能让我们感觉良好，还能让我们的大脑在工作时保持最佳状态)”可知，空处和本句构成转折关系，所以G项“Wealwayscomplainthatwedon’thaveenoughtimetohikeduringworkdays.(我们总是抱怨我们在工作日没有足够的时间去远足)”符合文意，和后文构成转折关系。故选G项。【38题详析】设空位于第三段首句，根据后文“Exerciseingeneralcanbeagoodwaytodecreasestress.Butwhatsetshikingapartfromotherformsofexerciseisthathikingcanhappenalmostanywhereandgiveusthatdoseofnatureweneedtostayhappy.(一般来说，锻炼是一种减轻压力的好方法。但徒步旅行与其他形式的运动不同之处在于，徒步旅行几乎可以在任何地方进行，而且可以让我们接触到保持快乐所需的自然环境)”可知，此空应该总结徒步旅行对情绪的影响，所以选项A“Hikinghelpstokeepuscalmandhappy.(徒步旅行有助于我们保持冷静和快乐)”符合语境。故选A项。【39题详析】根据前文“Hikingcanincreaseourcreativity.Walksinnatureletourmindswanderfreeincreativedirections.(徒步旅行可以增加我们的创造力。在大自然中散步，让我们的思想在创造性的方向上自由漫游)”可知，D项“Forexample,someofthesongsarecreatedwhilehiking.(例如，有些歌曲是在徒步旅行时创作的)”是对前文提到的徒步旅行可以增加我们的创造力进行举例说明。故选D项。【40题详析】根据后文“Developingapositiverelationshipwiththenaturalworldcanhelpustocareaboutitsfate,makingusmorecommittedtoconservationefforts.(与自然世界建立积极的关系可以帮助我们关心它的命运，使我们更加致力于保护工作)”可知，空处应该说明徒步旅行如何帮助我们与自然世界建立积极的关系，所以C项“Asaresult,itincreasesourconnectiontonature.(因此，它增加了我们与自然的联系)”符合文意，引出后文。故选C项。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Asasayinggoes,deathleavesaheartachenoonecanhealwhileloveleavesa___41___noonecansteal.Myheartisstillhurtingoverthe___42___ofmydog,Buddy.Despitehissmallsize,Buddywasnolapdog(哈巴狗).Hewas___43___andneveroncecamewhencalled.___44___,Buddyhelpedmealot.Hehadauniquewayofguidingmeinrelaxingdirectionsinthe___45___workingconditions.Weusedtowalkaroundour___46___,discoveringnewsidestreets,meetingandchattingwithneighbors.DuringourwalksIwasableto___47___somepressureofmyjobasaninvestigative(调查研究)___48___backthenforTheWallStreetJournal.Sometimes,withmymindwanderingfree,Iwouldcomeupwithagreatideaorreporting___49___.Buddywasmycherishedfamilymemberand___50___companion.Longaftermychildrenwere___51___withmymade-upgames,Buddywasalwayshappytohaveourfamilyme___52___hispinkbelly.Whilemychildren___53___theirlifewithschoolandsportsandlater,college,work,andlove,Buddyalways___54___withme.Icanhardly___55___thegreatpainofhisloss.Buddy,mypreciousfurbaby,willforeverliveoninmymemory.41.A.wish B.memory C.belief D.chance42.A.safety B.change C.weakness D.death43.A.lovely B.stubborn C.friendly D.gentle44.A.However B.Besides C.Therefore D.Moreover45.A.well-meaning B.special C.real D.stressful46.A.library B.government C.workplace D.neighborhood47.A.letgoof B.takecontrolof C.makesenseof D.makeupfor48.A.policeman B.reporter C.official D.teacher49.A.feature B.section C.angle D.skill50.A.curious B.rude C.loyal D.clever51.A.bored B.familiar C.angry D.patient52.A.hold B.beat C.scratch D.grasp53.A.lived B.spent C.began D.filled54.A.fought B.stayed C.worked D.toured55.A.feel B.tell C.bear D.remember【答案】41.B42.D43.B44.A45.D46.D47.A48.B49.C50.C51.A52.C53.D54.B55.C【语篇解读】本文是记叙文。文章通过叙述作者与宠物狗Buddy之间的深厚情感，以及Buddy在作者生活中的陪伴和帮助，展现了人与宠物之间特殊的情感纽带。【41题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：俗话说，死亡留下的心痛没有人能治愈，而爱留下的记忆没有人能偷走。A.wish希望；B.memory记忆；C.belief信念；D.chance机会。根据后文“Buddy,mypreciousfurbaby,willforeverliveoninmymemory.”以及通读全文可知，作者表达的爱留下的记忆。故选B项。【42题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的狗巴迪死了，我的心还在痛。A.safety安全；B.change改变；C.weakness弱点；D.death死亡。根据后文“Icanhardlythegreatpainofhisloss.”可知，作者的狗巴迪死了。故选D项。【43题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他很固执，叫他时从不过来。A.lovely可爱的；B.stubborn固执的；C.friendly友好的；D.gentle温和的。根据后文“neveroncecamewhencalled”可知，呼叫巴迪时，他都不理，所以是固执的。故选B项。【44题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，巴迪帮了我很多。A.However然而；B.Besides此外；C.Therefore因此；D.Moreover而且。根据后文“Buddyhelpedmealot”可知，和前文是转折关系，用However连接。故选A项。【45题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在紧张的工作环境中，他有一种独特的方式引导我放松。A.well-meaning善意的；B.special特别的；C.real真实的；D.stressful有压力的。根据前文“DuringourwalksIwasabletosomepressureofmyjob”可知，作者的工作压力大。故选D项。【46题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们过去常常在我们的社区里散步，发现新的小街，和邻居们见面聊天。A.library图书馆；B.government政府；C.workplace工作场所；D.neighborhood社区。根据后文“meetingandchattingwithneighbors”可知，和邻居们见面聊天，所以是在社区里散步。故选D项。【47题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：在散步的过程中，作为《华尔街日报》的一名调查记者，我得以释放一些工作压力。A.letgoof放开；B.takecontrolof控制；C.makesenseof理解；D.makeupfor弥补。根据前文“Hehadauniquewayofguidingmeinrelaxingdirectionsintheworkingconditions.”可知，巴迪帮助作者释放压力。故选A项。【48题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在散步的过程中，作为《华尔街日报》的一名调查记者，我得以释放一些工作压力。A.policeman警察；B.reporter记者；C.official官员；D.teacher教师。根据后文“Sometimes,withmymindwanderingfree,Iwouldcomeupwithagreatideaorreporting.”可知，作者会想到报道角度，所以是一位记者。故选B项。【49题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：有时，当我的思绪游离时，我会想到一个很好的想法或报道角度。A.feature特征；B.section部分；C.angle角度；D.skill技能。根据前文“DuringourwalksIwasabletosomepressureofmyjobasaninvestigative(调查研究)backthenforTheWallStreetJournal.”可知，作者是一名记者，所以是想到报道角度。故选C项。【50题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：巴迪是我珍爱的家庭成员和忠实的伙伴。A.curious好奇的；B.rude粗鲁的；C.loyal忠诚的；D.clever聪明的。根据后文“Whilemychildrentheirlifewithschoolandsportsandlater,college,work,andlove,Buddyalwayswithme.”可知，巴迪一直陪伴作者，所以是忠实的伙伴。故选C项。【51题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在我的孩子们对我编的游戏感到厌烦很久之后，巴迪总是很高兴让我们的家人抚摸它粉红色的肚子。A.bored无聊的；B.familiar熟悉的；C.angry生气的；D.patient耐心的。根据后文“Buddywasalwayshappytohaveourfamilymehispinkbelly.”可知，孩子们开始和巴迪玩耍，推知孩子们对游戏感到无聊。故选A项。【52题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我的孩子们对我编的游戏感到厌烦很久之后，巴迪总是很高兴让我们的家人抚摸它粉红色的肚子。A.hold握住；B.beat敲打；C.scratch抓挠；D.grasp抓住。根据后文“hispinkbelly”结合前文提到巴迪是一只狗可知，所以此处应是抚摸它粉红色的肚子，符合实际。故选C项。【53题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我的孩子们的生活被学校、运动，后来又被大学、工作和爱情填满时，巴迪却始终陪伴在我身边。A.lived居住；B.spent花费；C.began开始；D.filled填满。根据后文“withschoolandsportsandlater,college,work,andlove”结合选项，此处应是固定搭配：fill...with意为“用……装满……”，说明孩子们的生活被学校、运动，后来又被大学、工作和爱情装满。故选D项。【54题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我的孩子们的生活被学校、运动，后来又被大学、工作和爱情填满时，巴迪却始终陪伴在我身边。A.fought战斗；B.stayed停留；C.worked工作；D.toured旅行。根据前文“Whilemychildrentheirlifewithschoolandsportsandlater,college,work,andlove”可知，此处应是表达，孩子们都离开了作者，而巴迪却始终陪伴她身边之意。故选B项。【55题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我几乎无法承受失去他的巨大痛苦。A.feel感觉；B.tell告诉；C.bear忍受；D.remember记住。根据前文“Myheartisstillhurtingovertheofmydog,Buddy.”可知，对于巴迪的逝去，作者很伤心，所以是几乎无法承受失去他的巨大痛苦。故选C项。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Onawarmspringday,LiuSongwalkedpastthegreenwheatfieldsandthroughtheflowerfieldsbefore____56____(arrive)athisoffice.There,hehadameetingwithhisteam____57____(discuss)importantvillagematters.AsagraduateofZhejiangUniversity,Liuusedtoworkinseveralbig____58____(company).InSeptember2020,he____59____(become)themanagerofYong’anVillageinHangzhouCity.Inthebeginning,thingsweredifficultforLiuandhisteam.Thevillage