上海杨浦区2025-2026学年高二下学期期末英语试题（含答案）

上海杨浦区2025-2026学年高二下学期期末英语试题考生注意:1.考试时间105分钟,试卷满分115分。2.本次考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。所有答题必须涂(选择题)或写(非选择题)在答题纸上,做在试卷上一律不得分。3.务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名,并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上。I.GrammarandvocabularySectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.TheMichelinGuideNeartheendofthe19thcentury,twobrothersfoundedtheMichelintirecompanyinFrance.Atthetime,therewerefewerthan3,000carsinthecountry.Toboostsales,theycreatedaguidebook(1)____peoplewoulddrivemoreandtheircompanycouldsellmoretires.Thisbookcontainedmaps,maintenancetips,andsuggestionsforplaces(2)____travelerscouldstop,especiallyrestaurants.TheMichelinGuidewasfirstpublishedfreeofcharge,hopingtoencouragelongerjourneys.Sincethatsmallbeginning,itspopularity(3)____(grow)quickly.Hopingtoexpandthebusiness,theybeganratingrestaurants.Today,thesestarsarehighlysought-afterworldwide.(4)____makesthisguidesopowerfulisitsstrictstandards.Onlyabout400placeshavetwostars,andfewerthan140havethree.Starsareawarded(5)____(base)onsecretchecks.Urgednottoreveal(6)____,inspectorskeeptheiridentityasecret.Thispreventsspecialtreatment,(7)____(allow)bossestodecideratingsfairly.Mostreviewedrestaurantsreceivezerostars,butafewarerecognized.Inordertomaintainstandards,inspectorsrevisitexistingstarredrestaurants.Ifqualitydrops,stars(8)____(take)away.Additionally,Michelinoffersotherawards.TheBibGourmandhighlightsrestaurants(9)____greatfoodatlowprices.TheMichelinPlaterecognizesrestaurantsthatarenotgoodenoughforastarbutstillservedeliciousmeals.TheGreenStarisgiventoeco-friendlyrestaurants.Asaresult,thesestrictruleskeeptheguide(10)____(direct)foodloverstothebestmeals.Manytouristsplantheirtripsaccordingtotheguide,whichshowsitshugeinfluenceonmoderntravel.SectionBDirections:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.browsingB.drainC.exposureD.fuelE.fulfillmentF.genuinelyG.guiltyH.initialI.originallyJ.prioritizingK.temporaryThinkBeforeYouBuyWehaveallgivenintothetemptationtobuysomethingwedon'ttrulyneed.Often,while(11)____online,weseeaproductwithglowingreviewsand,unabletoresist,click"buy"immediately.Impulsebuyingistheactofmakingunplannedpurchaseswithoutcarefulthought.Thishabitcanquickly(12)____yourbankaccountandpreventyoufromreachingyourlong-termgoals.Socialmediaonlymakesthisworse;studiesshownearlyhalfofusershavemadeanimpulsepurchase,yetmostlaterfeltsorryaboutit.Givingintoimpulsepurchasescanhaveseriouseffectsonoursavings.Herearewaystostopit:1.SticktoaShoppingListMakealistofitemsyou(13)____needbeforeyoushop.Thisprovidesaclearplanandreducesthechanceofbeinginfluencedbysuddenurges.2.Followthe24-HourRuleWhenyoufeeltheurgetobuysomething,forceyourselftowaitfor24hours.Often,the(14)____excitementfadesduringthiscooling-offperiod.Usethistimewiselytoresearchtheitem'sfeatures,readcustomerreviews,comparepricesonlineandcheckifthepurchasefitsyourbudget.3.CleanUpYourFeedSocialmediaisfulloflivestreamshoppingthat(15)____ourdesiretospend.Unfollowbrandsandinfluencersthattemptyou.Reducingyour(16)____tothisshoppingformatisadirectwaytosavemoney.Youmightevenwanttodeleteshoppingappsfromyourphonetoremovethetemptationcompletely.4.FocusonLong-TermGoalsSetclearfinancialgoalsinsteadofjustsayingyouwanttosave,and(17)____thesegoalshelpsyoucontrolyourspendingandavoidwastingmoney.5.PaywithCashWithdrawaspecificamountofcashforyourpurchases.Usingphysicalmoneymakesyoumoreawareofhowmuchyouspendandhelpsyouavoidoverspending.6.RecognizetheWarningSignsWatchforredflagslikespendingmorethanyouintended,hidingpurchasesfromfamily,orfeeling(18)____aboutyourspending.Itiseasytogiveinto(19)____pleasures,butremindingyourselfofyourgoalshelpsyoufindlasting(20).Bycontrollingimpulses,youcantakecontrolofyourfinancialfuture.II.ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Companiesspendbillionsadvertisingtochildrenandyoungteens.Thoughmostdon'thavejobsorasteadyincome,GenerationAlphaintheU.S.stillmanagedtospendUS$101billionin2024,indicatingtoadvertisersthattheyarea(21)____market.Youngpeoplerepresentagoldmineoffuture(22)____,soifcompaniesdevelopbrandloyaltyearly,they'llhavecustomersforlife.Andthoughyoungpeople'sreadycashislimited,theypossesstheabilityto(23)____theirparentstobuythemthings.Withnolivingexpensestopay,childrenareeasilytemptedintopurchasing(24)____products.Theirstill-developingbrainsalsomakethemeasy(25)____foradvertisersastheymaybetooyoungtorecognizefalseclaimsmadeinads.Aschildren'suseofinternet-connecteddevicesincreases,sodoesthereachofadvertising.Adsare(26)____intovideogames,TikToks,moviesandevenschoolmaterials.Advertisinghasitsuses.Itinformsconsumersabout(27)____productsandencouragesbusinesscompetition.However,itcanhaveanegativeimpactonconsumers--especiallychildrenandteens.Advertisersusebrightcolors,prizes,humor,music,charactersandcelebritysupporttosuggestthataproductbringshappinessorearnsyou(28)____.Forchildrenandyouth,whohavelowerself-control,theseadvertisementshaveapowerfuleffect.Theycanleadtounhealthychoiceslikesmoking,drinkingoreatingjunkfood.Adscanalsoharmone'sself-imagebypromoting(29)____beautystandards.Theyalsoencourage(30)____,makingpeoplebelievehappinesscomesfromshopping.Thisconstantpressuretokeepupwithtrendsleavesmanyfeelinganxiousanddissatisfied.Asadvertisingincreases,sodoestheneedforgovernment(31)____.Adsarealready(32)____onkids'channels,andfalseclaimsareillegal.AsofJanuary2025,theU.S.FederalTradeCommissionalsorequiresparents'permissionbeforecompaniescanusechildren'sdatato(33)____ads.Thoughregulationscanhelpprotectyoufromsomeofadvertising'snegativeinfluences,theyaren'tenough.It'simportanttounderstandhowadsworktogaingreatercontroloveryourbuyinghabits.Use(34)____thinking:Whatdoestheadpromise?Isittoogoodtobetrue?Canthesourcebetrusted?Finally,(35)____screentimetoavoidadsandreduceunplannedspending.Whileadvertisingisanunavoidablepartofmodernlife,itdoesn'thavetocontrolyourchoicesordecideyourlifestyle.21.A.matureB.worthwhileC.globalD.typical22.A.trendsB.generationsC.profitsD.goals23.A.persuadeB.forbidC.attractD.appeal24.A.undersizedB.undervaluedC.overestimatedD.overpriced25.A.targetsB.accessC.alternativeD.victory26.A.involvedB.transformedC.wovenD.divided27.A.standardB.innovativeC.potentialD.vital28.A.healthB.sympathyC.stabilityD.admiration29.A.unrelatedB.unremarkableC.unrealisticD.unreliable30.A.consumerismB.perseveranceC.sustainabilityD.competition31.A.insuranceB.interactionC.interventionD.investigation32.A.allowedB.restrictedC.adaptedD.granted33.A.tailorB.deliverC.removeD.process34.A.contradictoryB.creativeC.conventionalD.critical35.A.payattentiontoB.keepupwithC.cutbackonD.getdowntoSectionBDirections:Readthefollowingpassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.PassageADinosaurfossilarevaluableinmanydifferentways.Theycansellforhugesumsofmoneyatauctionbuttheyarealsoimportanttoscience,becausetheyhelpscientistslearnaboutanimalsthatlivedlongbeforehumansexisted.Mostdinosaurfossilsusedtobesoldtomuseums.However,inthe1990s,fossilcollectorsbegantoselltheirfindstoprivatebuyersatauction.Thisinterestindinosaurremainswaspartlydrivenbythe1993filmJurassicPark.Somepeopleareunhappyaboutthis.Theythinkdinosaurfossilsshouldbegiventomuseums,wheretheycanbecarefullystudiedbyscientistsandbeputonshowforeveryone.Otherssayfossilcollectorsshouldbeabletoselltheirfindsforwhattheyareworth,evenifthatmeanstheygotoprivatebuyers.What'syourview?Shoulddinosaurfossilsbesoldatauction?YESItdoesn'tseemfairthatmuseumshavetherighttoownalldinosaurfossils.Whyshouldn'tfossilcollectorsbeabletoselltheirfindsforwhattheyaretrulyworth?Ifthatmeansthefossilsendupwithprivatebuyersatauction,notmuseums,thensobeit.Manyofthesebuyersareresponsibleownerswhotakecareoftheircollectionsandmanyhaveloanedtheirdinosaurfossilstomuseumssothepubliccanstillseethem.Besides,allowingdinosaurfossilstobesoldtoprivatebuyersforlotsofmoneybuildsinterestinthearea.Thisinturnencouragespeopletolearnaboutfossilsandgoouttolookforthem.Withoutthesefossilhunters,perhapssomeimportantdiscoveriesmayneverhavebeenmade.NODinosaurfossilsareimportanthistoricalandscientificitems,sotheyshouldbemadeavailabletomuseumsandscientistswheretheycanbeproperlystudiedandcaredfor.Asrecordsoftheplanet'shistory,theyshouldbeaccessibletoeveryone,andthebestwaythiscanbedoneisthroughmuseums.It'snotagoodideatoallowobjectsthatcouldrevealsomuchinformationaboutEarthtobesoldatauction.Whatifthebuyersaren'tresponsibleanddon'tlookafterthemproperly?Privatebuyersmightalsokeepthemhiddenfrompublicview,sonoonegetstoseethem.Nowadays,somedinosaurfossilssellforhugesumsofmoney,anditisn'tfairifonlytheveryrichestpeoplehaveaccesstothem.36.Whydidmoredinosaurfossilsstartgoingtoprivatecollectorsinthe1990s?A.Becausefewmuseumshadspacetodisplaythem.B.BecausethefilmJurassicParkraisedpublicinterest.C.Becauseprivatebuyersofferedbettercareforfossils.D.Becausescientistsfoundmorefossilsinthe1990s.37.Whatisoneargumentmadebysupportersoffossilauction?A.Itpreventsfossilhuntersfrommakingillegaldiscoveries.B.Itguaranteesthatfossilswillalwaysbedisplayedinmuseums.C.Itsparksinterestandencouragesmorepeopletosearchforfossils.D.Itensuresthatfossilsaresoldatthepricesbeyondtheirtruevalue.38.Theunderlinedword"this"intherightcolumnreferstoA.makingfossilsaccessibletoeveryoneB.banningindividualsbuyingfossilsC.keepingfossilsingoodconditionD.studyingthehistoryoftheplanet39.Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthispassage?A.Toexplainhowdinosaurfossilsareformed.B.Todescribetheprocessofauctioningfossils.C.Toencouragereaderstobuydinosaurfossils.D.Topresenttwoopposingviewsonfossilownership.PassageB2026ColoradoBookAwardsThe2026ColoradoBookAwardsarepresentedinpartnershipwiththeMetropolitanStateUniversityofDenver(MSUDenver)andtheDenverProjectforHumanisticinquiry(Dphi).Submittothe2026ColoradoBookAwards'Wearenowacceptingsubmissionsforthe2026ColoradoBookAwards.BookspublishedbetweenNovember1,2024andDecember31,2025qualify.TheColoradoBookAwardsannuallycelebratetheaccomplishmentsofColorado'soutstandingauthors,editors,illustratorsandphotographers.VolunteerselectorsandjudgesfromacrossColoradoreadsubmissionstochoosefinalistsandwinners.Deadlinetosubmit:March22,2026Requirements:BookspublishedforthefirsttimebetweenNovember1,2024andDecember31,2025areaccepted.AprimarycontributortothebookmustcurrentlyliveinColoradoandhaveaColoradoaddressAllsubmittedbooksmusthaveavalidISBNanda2025publicationdate.However,bookspublishedinNovemberorDecember2024arealsoaccepted.Reprintededitionsorbookspreviouslypublishedinanotherformmustfeatureatleast50%newcontenttobeconsidered(documentationwillberequired).Westronglyrecommendthatbooksbeprofessionallyedited.Independentlypublishedworkiswelcome.PleasenotethatallbooksubmissionsmustbeshippedtoMSUDenver.Moreentryrequirementsanddirectionsareprovidedonthesubmissionform.40.Whichofthefollowingbookswouldmostlikelyqualifyfortheaward?A.AnovelbyaColoradoresident,publishedinOctober2024.B.Aphotographybookpublishedin2025byaNewYorkeditor.C.Areprintededitionwith60%newcontent,publishedin2025.D.Anindependentlypublishedbookwithoutprofessionalediting.41.Whenandwhereshouldthesubmittedbooksbesentthisyear?A.ToDphibeforeNovember1,2026.B.ToMSUDenverbeforeMarch22,2026.C.Tovolunteerjudgesbeforetheendof2026.D.ToMiaMorenobeforeDecember31,2026.42.Thetextismostlikelytoappear_.A.onawebsiteB.onauniversityposterC.inanewspaperD.inaliteraturemagazinePassageCFashiontrendsaresaidtocomeandgoovertheyears,andthismaybetruefororcas(虎鲸)aswell.Whalewatchersandresearchersrecentlyspottedabehaviorthatwaspreviouslyseeninthe1980s:Someofthewhalesaresporingdeadsalmonontopoftheirheadslikeahat.LastOctober,aphotographercapturedapictureofa33-year-oldmaleorcaknownasJ27,nicknamed"Blackberry,"carryingasalmononitshead.Blackberryisamemberofthesouthernresidentwhales,whichliveoffthecoastofthePacificNorthwest.ResearcherDeborahGilestoldNBCNewsthatinearlyNovembershealsosawasouthernresidentwhalewithasalmononitshead.Thesightingsremindedsomeobserversoftheyear1987,whenafemalesouthernresidentorcastartedwearingasalmononherhead,inspiringmembersofhergroupandtwoothergroupstostartdoingthesame.Thisbehaviorwasconsideredanexampleoforcasparticipatinginaculturalfad.Withinayear,thefashiontrendappearedtohaveended.ResearcherAndrewFootefromtheUniversityofOslotoldNewScientistit'spossiblethatsomeorcaswhoexperiencedthesalmonhattrendin1987havenowrestartedit,butotherscientistssaythereisnotenoughevidencetodeclarethatthesouthernresidentsarebringingbackadecades-oldfad."Inmyopinion,it'sastretchtosayitwasasalmonhat,"MonikaWielandShieldsoftheOrcaBehaviorInstitutetoldCHEKNews,"andanevengreaterstretchtosaythefadisbackoffasinglephoto."Thereasonwhyorcascarrysalmonaroundisstillamysterytoscientists.Onepossibilityisthatwhenplentyoffoodisavailable,thecreaturesliketosaveanextrafishasasnackforlater.The"hats"couldalsobeawaytoimpressamateorasillyformofplay.Dronesequippedwithcameras-technologythatwasnotavailablein1987-couldhelpscientistssolvethismysterybyfollowingtheorcastoseewhattheyultimatelydowiththesalmon.Furthermore,thesedronevideosallowresearcherstosharethefootagewiththepublicinstantly,turningascientificobservationintoapopularmomentthatraisesawarenessaboutmarinelifeconservation.43.Whatphenomenonwasobservedamongthesouthernresidentorcasrecently?A.Theywereseencarryingdeadsalmonontheirheads.B.Theybeganhuntingsalmoningroupsmorefrequently.C.Theybegantoshowsignsofstressduetolackoffood.D.Theystartedtofollowthebehavioroforcasinotherareas.44.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisFALSEaccordingtothepassage?A.TheorcaBlackberrywasn'ttheonethatstartedthetrendinthe1980s.B.Thebehaviordecadesagowasconsideredashort-livedculturalfashion.C.AndrewFootebelievedthetrendwaspossiblyarestartofthe1987event.D.Recentsightingsprovedthatthesouthernorcashadmigratedtonewareas.45.HowdidMonikaWielandShieldsreacttothereturnofthe"salmonhat"fad?A.Sheagreeditwasaclearrestartofaculturaltradition.B.Shebelieveditindicatedorcashadlong-termmemory.C.Sheregardeditasanoverstatementwithlittleevidence.D.Sheinsisteditwasasignofaseriousthreattotheecosystem.46.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.Scientistsshoulddosomethingtopromotemarinelifeprotection.B.Thepublicmightgetachancetoseehowthe"salmonhats"areused.C.Technologycouldprovidesupportiveevidencetoprovethefadisback.D.Scientistshavefiguredouttheexactreasonwhyorcaswearsalmonhats.SectionCDirections:Readthepassagecarefully.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.A.Instead,theybreakupintotinypiecescalledmicroplastics,whichareofteneatenbyfish,birds,andanimals.B.Thisnewmaterialcanmeetourneedswithoutcostingtoomuchmoney.C.Theplasticcouldbeusedin3Dprintingandtocreatecommonproducts,suchasmedicalequipmentorsingle-usepackaging.D.Whenplasticwasteisburned,itreleasesgasesthatharmtheenvironment.E.GermanscientistshaverecentlyfoundmicroplasticsinArcticsnow.F.Unlikeotherbiodegradableplastics,thenewplasticfullydisappearsinsaltyseawater.CreatingaNewTypeofPlasticFromtoothbrushesandshampoobottlestofurnitureandtoys,plasticisusedtomakemanyeverydayitems-butonlyabout9%oftheplasticweuseisrecycled.Therestisburnedorthrownintoalandfill.(47)___________Ifitgetsthrownaway,itoftenmakesitswayintotheocean,whereitcantakehundredsofyearstobiodegradeandharmsmarinewildlife.Tohelptackletheplasticwasteproblem,scientistshavedevelopedatypeofplasticthatwillbreakdowninseawater.Biodegradableplasticsareonesthatbreakdownnaturally.Currently,however,existingbiodegradableplasticsdon'tbreakdowncompletelyinthesea.(48)___________Microplasticsalsoendupinoursoil,water,andfoodsupplies,eventuallymakingtheirwayintoourbodies.Toaddressthisissue,thenewplasticcouldbepartofthesolution.ItwascreatedbyresearchersattheRIKENCentreforEmergentMatterScienceinJapan.(49)___________Whenitdissolves,itbreaksupintotheseparatesubstancesitwasmadefrom,andthenbacteriacanbreakthosedownfully.Testshaveshownthattheplasticcanbreakdownwithinafewhoursinseawaterandinabout10daysinsoil.Thenewplastichasotherbenefits,too.Itisnotpoisonousandnonflammable,soitcan'teasilybeburned.Whenthenewmaterialisheatedtoatemperatureof248°F,itcanbeshapedintoavarietyofforms.Itcanbecustomizedtohaveahardandscratch-resistantsurface,turnedintoflexiblerubberobjects,orusedtomanufacturestrongitemsthatholdalotofweight.(50)__________TakuzoAida,wholedtheresearch,said,"Withthisnewmaterial,wehavecreatedanewfamilyofplasticsthatarestrong,stable,recyclable,canservemultiplefunctions,andimportantly,donotgeneratemicroplastics."III.SummaryWritingDirections:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.WhatIsYourEmotionalQuotient(EQ)?Haveyouevertriedtotalkwithsomeonewhoconstantlydominatestheconversation?Perhaps,youcan'tgetawordinbecausetheytalkoveryou.Thispersonprobablysuffersfromlowemotionalintelligenceorhasalowemotionalquotient.EQistheabilitytobeawareof,manageandexpressyourownemotionsinappropriateways.Italsoincludesbeingawareoftheemotionsofthosearoundyouandrespondinginappropriateways.ManypeoplewithahighEQoftenhavegoodcommunicationaswellasstrongproblem-solvingabilities.Thishelpsthemhandletrickysocialsituations,whichsometimesinvolvemultipleviewpointsandmanyemotions.Theseabilitiesarebeneficialinprofessionalandpersonalsettingsalike,whereasalowEQcancauseproblems.AlowEQmeansyouhavetroubleexpressingyouremotionsanddifficultyrecognizingwhatothersarefeeling.Youdon'tvalueotherpeople'sopinions,whichoftencontributestodifficultyinmaintainingrelationships.Youdon'tliketoadmityourfaults,andyoudon'tusuallygivepraise.Youoftengiveinappropriateresponsesinsocialandprofessionalsettings,causingotherstofeelconfusedorembarrassed.IfyoubelieveyouhavealowEQ,takeheart;youcanmakechangesandimproveit.First,worktobecomemoreawareofyouremotionsandhowyourespondtovarioussituations.Understandingyourfeelingsmakesiteasiertomanagethem.Next,activelylistentoothersbyaskingquestionsandwatchingt