全国高考英语重点语法专项练习题

全国高考英语重点语法专项练习题高考的战鼓已然擂响，英语学科的复习进入了攻坚阶段。在这最后的冲刺期，语法作为英语学习的基石，其重要性不言而喻。扎实的语法知识不仅能帮助同学们在单选题中稳操胜券，更能在完形填空、阅读理解乃至书面表达中提供精准的语言支撑，助力同学们更准确地理解和运用英语。为了帮助大家系统梳理和巩固高考核心语法点，我们精心编写了这份专项练习题。本练习聚焦高考高频考点，力求通过典型题目折射语法精髓，希望同学们能认真对待，在练习中查漏补缺，深化理解，最终实现语法能力的质的飞跃。一、时态与语态时态与语态是英语语法的灵魂，也是高考考查的重中之重。同学们需精准把握不同时态所表示的时间概念及动作状态，并能结合语境灵活运用主动与被动语态。考点提示：高考对时态语态的考查侧重于在具体语境中灵活运用的能力，常考的时态包括一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时以及将来完成时等。语态则需注意及物动词的被动用法，尤其是感官动词和使役动词的被动语态。练习题：1.BythetimeyouarriveinLondon,we_____inEuropefortwoweeks.A.shallstayB.havestayedC.willhavestayedD.havebeenstaying2.ThemomentIgothome,IfoundI_____myjacketontheplayground.A.hadleftB.leftC.haveleftD.wasleaving3.Thiskindofcloth_____well.Ithinkitwillsellsoon.A.washesB.iswashedC.washedD.iswashing4.—Youlooktired._____you_____welllastnight?—No,Istayeduplatetostudy.A.Do;sleepB.Did;sleepC.Have;sleptD.Had;slept5.Anewcinema_____here.Theyhopetofinishitnextmonth.A.willbebuiltB.isbuiltC.hasbeenbuiltD.isbeingbuilt6.She_____totheofficethanshegotdowntowritingthereport.A.hasnosoonergotB.hadhardlygotC.nosoonergotD.hadnosoonergot7.Theteachertoldusthatlight_____fasterthansound.A.traveledB.travelsC.wastravelingD.hadtraveledA.hadarrivedB.hasarrivedC.willarriveD.willhavearrived9.Overthepastdecades,seaice_____intheArcticasaresultofglobalwarming.A.haddecreasedB.decreasedC.hasbeendecreasingD.isdecreasing10.WhenIwasachild,myfatheroftentoldmethatpractice_____perfect.A.makesB.madeC.makeD.wouldmake二、非谓语动词非谓语动词是高考语法中的难点，也是区分度较高的考点。它包括不定式、动名词和分词（现在分词与过去分词），其功能多样，可充当除谓语外的多种句子成分。考点提示：重点掌握非谓语动词在句中作定语、状语、宾语、宾语补足语等成分时的用法区别，特别是现在分词与过去分词的不同含义，不定式的复合结构以及固定搭配中非谓语动词的选择。练习题：1._____themeetinghimselfgavethemagreatdealofencouragement.A.ThepresidentwillattendB.ThepresidenttoattendC.ThepresidentattendedD.Thepresident’sattending2.Ican’tstand_____withJaneinthesameoffice.Shejustrefuses_____talkingwhilesheworks.A.working;stoppingB.towork;stoppingC.working;tostopD.towork;tostop3._____inawhiteuniform,helooksmorelikeacookthanadoctor.A.DressedB.TodressC.DressingD.HavingdressedA.totellB.tobetoldC.tellingD.told5._____moreaboutuniversitycourses,call(此处省略电话号码)orvisitourwebsite.A.FindoutB.FindingoutC.TofindoutD.HavingfoundoutA.cleaningB.becleanedC.cleanD.beingcleanedA.SeenB.SeeingC.HavingseenD.Tosee8.Isendyou100dollarstoday,therest_____inayear.A.followsB.followedC.tofollowD.beingfollowed9.Michael’snewhouselookslikeapalace,_____withhisoldone.10.Withsomuchwork_____mymind,Ialmostbreakdown.A.fillingB.filledC.tofillD.beingfilled三、名词性从句名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句，它们在句中起名词的作用。高考对名词性从句的考查主要集中在引导词的选择和从句的语序上。考点提示：熟练掌握连接代词（what,which,who,whom,whose）、连接副词（when,where,why,how）以及从属连词（that,if,whether）的用法差异。特别注意what在从句中可充当主语、宾语或表语等成分；that在从句中不充当成分，仅起连接作用；以及if与whether的使用区别。练习题：A.IfB.WhetherC.ThatD.What2.Theteacheralwaystellsus_____lateforschool.A.don’tbeB.notbeC.nottobeD.notbeing3.Itisstillunknown_____causedtheaccidentlastSaturday.A.thatB.whenC.whatD.how4.Myparentsalwaysletmehavemyownway_____IthinkI’mright.A.whenB.sinceC.untilD.though5.Thefact_____hedidn’tseeLaoLiyesterdayistrue.A.whichB.thatC.whenD.whatA.howIcangettoB.howcanIgettoC.whereIcangettoD.wherecanIgetto7._____shecouldn’tunderstandwas_____fewerandfewerstudentsshowedinterestinherlessons.A.What;whyB.That;whatC.What;becauseD.Why;that8.Itissuggestedthatthemeeting_____putoff.A.shouldB.beC.tobeD.being9.Thequestionis_____wecanfinishourworkbytomorrowevening.A.ifB.whetherC.thatD.whatA.whereB.whereverC.thatD.thatwherever四、定语从句定语从句是修饰名词或代词的从句，在复合句中扮演重要角色。高考对定语从句的考查主要集中在关系代词和关系副词的选择，以及非限制性定语从句的用法。考点提示：重点掌握关系代词（who,whom,whose,which,that,as）和关系副词（when,where,why）的用法。注意区分that与which的使用场合，as引导非限制性定语从句的特点，以及“介词+关系代词”结构。练习题：1.Thehouse_____weliveinisveryold.A.whichB.whereC.whoD.when2.Istillremembertheday_____Ifirstcametothisschool.A.whichB.whenC.whereD.onthatA.inwhichB.withwhichC.thatD.forwhich4.Thegirl_____fatherisateacherstudiesveryhard.A.whoB.whomC.whoseD.which5.Asisknowntoall,themoonisasatellite_____goesaroundtheearth.A.whoB.thatC.whereD.what6.Wevisitedthefactory_____makestoysforchildren.A.whereB.whichC.inwhichD.atwhich7.Heistheonlyoneofthestudents_____ascholarship.A.whohaswonB.whohavewonC.thathavewonD.whomhaswon8.Thebook_____coverisblueismine.A.whichB.thatC.whoseD.its9.Wewillneverforgetthedays_____wespenttogetherinthecountryside.A.whenB.whereC.whichD.onwhich10._____isoftenthecase,wehaveworkedouttheproductionplan.A.WhichB.WhenC.WhatD.As五、状语从句状语从句用以修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，表示时间、地点、原因、条件、让步、方式、目的、结果等。高考对状语从句的考查侧重于引导词的辨析和语境中的灵活运用。考点提示：熟悉各类状语从句的常用引导词，如时间状语从句的when,while,as,until,since,before,after；条件状语从句的if,unless,aslongas；原因状语从句的because,since,as；让步状语从句的though,although,evenif,eventhough,nomatter+疑问词；目的状语从句的sothat,inorderthat；结果状语从句的so...that...,such...that...等。注意某些引导词在不同语境下的不同含义。练习题：1._____youareleavingtomorrow,wecanhavedinnertogethertonight.A.ForB.SinceC.BeforeD.While2.Youwillsucceedintheend_____yougiveuphalfway.A.evenifB.asthoughC.aslongasD.unless3.HespeaksEnglishsofluently_____hewereanEnglishman.A.asB.asifC.evenifD.that4._____thesunwasshining,itwasn’tverywarm.A.BecauseB.SinceC.AlthoughD.As5.I’llletyouknow_____IarriveinBeijing.A.assoonasB.aswellasC.asfarasD.aslongasA.NomatterB.HowC.HoweverD.Whatever7.Shestudieshard_____shecangetgoodgrades.A.sothatB.suchthatC.inordertoD.soasto8.Itwas_____colddaythatwehadtostayindoors.A.suchaB.soaC.asuchD.aso9._____Iwaswalkingalongthestreet,Imetanoldfriendofmine.A.WhenB.WhileC.AsD.Alltheabove10._____youhavefinishedyourhomework,youcangoouttoplay.A.NowthatB.BecauseofC.SothatD.Inorderthat六、情态动词与虚拟语气情态动词表示说话人的语气和情态，如能力、许可、推测、义务等。虚拟语气则用于表示与事实相反的假设、主观愿望、建议、命令等。这两部分内容在高考中均为难点。考点提示：掌握常见情态动词（can/could,may/might,must,should,need,will/would）的基本用法及推测用法。虚拟语气方面，重点掌握if条件句中的虚拟（对现在、过去、将来的假设），以及名词性从句、状语从句中虚拟语气的使用情况，如suggest,demand,order等词后的宾语从句。练习题：1.You_____becarefulwiththecamera.Itcosts!A.mustB.mayC.canD.will2.—Idon’treallylikeJames.Whydidyouinvitehim?A.mustB.needC.mightD.would3.IfI_____you,I_____accepttheinvitation.A.am;willB.were;wouldC.was;wouldD.were;will4.Hesuggestedthatwe_____theproblemanotherway.A.approachB.approachedC.wouldapproachD.hadapproached5.You_____havetoldmeearlier!Icouldhavehelpedyou.A.mustB.shouldC.canD.may6.It’sstrangethathe_____soangryaboutsuchasmallthing.A.wasB.wereC.isD.be7.Withoutyourhelp,we_____thetaskontime.A.couldn’tfinishB.couldn’thavefinishedC.can’tfinishD.can’thavefinished8.You_____notsmokehere.It’sano-smokingarea.A.needB.mustC.couldD.mightA.willB.wouldC.shouldD.might10.I_____havewatchedthatmovie—it’llgivemehorribledreams.A.shouldn’tB.needn’tC.couldn’tD.mustn’t七、主谓一致主谓一致指谓语动词在人称和数上必须与主语保持一致。这一语法点看似简单，但在实际运用中，由于主语结构的复杂性，常会出现混淆。考点提示：掌握主谓一致的基本原则，即语法一致、意义一致和就近一致。注意集体名词、不定代词、复数形式但表单数概念的名词、以及“名词+介词短语”作主语时的主谓一致问题。练习题：1.Thenumberofstudentsinourclass_____fifty.A.isB.areC.amD.be2.Alibrarywithfivethousandbooks_____totheschoolasagift.A.isofferedB.areofferedC.hasofferedD.haveoffered3.NeitherhenorI_____interestedinplayingfootball.A.amB.isC.areD.be4.Twohours_____notenoughforthework.A.isB.areC.hasD.have5.Thepolice_____lookingforthelostchild.A.isB.areC.wasD.hasbeen6.WhatIwanttosay_____thatyoushouldpaymoreattentiontoyourpronunciation.A.isB.areC.wasD.were7.Eachofthestudents_____adictionary.A.haveB.hasC.ishavingD.arehavingA.isB.areC.wasD.wereA.isB.