陕西省咸阳市2026届高三上学期一模考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1陕西省咸阳市2026届高三上学期一模考试英语试题第一部分听力(略)第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AMyFavoriteChinatownsintheWorldFrequentingChinatownsisacherishedtraditionforme.Thefollowingaremytoppicksworldwide.ManilaEstablishedaround1594,Manila’sChinatownistheoldestonthislist.ItsheartistheDivisoriaMarket,abustlingareawithmallsandstreetstallsknownforincrediblylow-pricedgoods,deliciousChinesefood,andknockoffproducts.Afterdusk,ittransformsintoavibrantnightmarket.Don’tmissthehistoricBinondoChurchandclassicChinesepastrieslikemooncakesatshopslikeEngBeeTin.SanFranciscoAstheoldestChinatownintheU.S.(foundedin1848),SanFrancisco’sChinatownwelcomesvisitorsthroughtheiconicDragonGate.InitiallypopulatedbyChineseimmigrantsduringtheGoldRush,it’sinterestingtonotethatitattractsmorevisitorsthantheGoldenGateBridge.Coveringabout30blocks,itsstreetsarelinedwithredlanterns,temples,countlessshopsandrestaurantswhichcompletethefestiveatmosphere.MelbourneThisChinatownoriginatedinthe1850sduringtheAustralianGoldRush.Today,itispredominantlyafoodlover’sparadise,providingnotjustChinesecuisinebutawidevarietyofAsianandotherinternationalfoods.Theareapreservesitshistoricstreetscapeandfeaturesrestoredentrancearches.Visitorscanenjoyfestivalsyear-round,exploreTianjinGardens,shopatAsiangroceries,andvisitacoupleofshoppingcenters.SeattleNearPioneerSquare,Seattle’sChinatown-InternationalDistrictreflectsitsdiverseAsianheritage.KeysitesincludethehistoricChinatownGate,theWingLukeMuseum,andHingHayPark.Fordining,HoneyCourtSeafoodisgreatfordessert,andTaiTungisSeattle’soldestChineserestaurant,oncefrequentedbyBruceLee.Uwajimayaisamust-visitAsianmarket.VisitingaChinatownoffersaperfectwaytoexperienceauthenticculture,food,anduniquefinds.1.WhichChinatownsweresignificantlyinfluencedbytheGoldRush?A.Manila’sandSanFrancisco’s. B.SanFrancisco’sandMelbourne’s.C.Melbourne’sandSeattle’s. D.Seattle’sandSanFrancisco’s.2.Melbourne’sChinatownischaracterizedas________.A.anewlydevelopedbusinessdistrict B.acenteronlyforEuropeancuisineC.aparadisespecificallyforChinesefood D.amust-visitdestinationforfoodlovers3.WhatdoalltheChinatownshaveincommon?A.Establishedinthe19thcentury. B.Knownforlow-pricedproducts.C.Featuringiconicentrancearchesorgates. D.Offeringculturalandcuisineexperiences.【答案】1.B2.D3.D【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。本文介绍了作者最喜爱的四个世界著名唐人街：马尼拉、旧金山、墨尔本和西雅图。文章简述了它们的历史起源、特色景点及美食，指出参观唐人街是体验文化与美食的绝佳方式。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“InitiallypopulatedbyChineseimmigrantsduringtheGoldRush,it’sinterestingtonotethatitattractsmorevisitorsthantheGoldenGateBridge.(最初是由淘金者中的华人移民在此定居的，值得一提的是，这里吸引的游客数量甚至超过了金门大桥)”以及第四段“ThisChinatownoriginatedinthe1850sduringtheAustralianGoldRush.(这个唐人街始建于19世纪50年代，当时正值澳大利亚的淘金热时期)”可知，旧金山的和墨尔本的唐人街受到了淘金热的显著影响。故选B。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段“Today,itispredominantlyafoodlover’sparadise,providingnotjustChinesecuisinebutawidevarietyofAsianandotherinternationalfoods.(如今，这里已成为美食爱好者的天堂，不仅提供正宗的中国美食，还供应种类繁多的亚洲及其他国际美食)”可知，墨尔本的唐人街被誉为美食爱好者的必游之地。故选D。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段“VisitingaChinatownoffersaperfectwaytoexperienceauthenticculture,food,anduniquefinds.(参观唐人街是体验地道文化、品尝美食以及发现独特事物的绝佳方式)”可知，所有唐人街都提供文化和美食体验。故选D。BInthesixyearssinceIpublishedMaid,almosteverypersonwho’sinterviewedmehasaskedmethesamequestion:DoI,apersonwhobecamekindoffamousforwritingaboutcleaningpeople’shouses,haveahousecleanermyself?Thesimpleanswerwasno.Butitwasnotbecausemyhousewasspotless.Farfromit.WhenIworkedasahousecleaner,Imadeareasonable$20anhour.Myclientswerepleasant.Nevertheless,apowerimbalanceweighedonmewheneverIhadtogetonmyhandsandkneestocleanthefloorsandtoilets.Tohireahousecleanermyselfwouldmeannotonlyputtingsomeoneinthatposition,wherethey,too,mightfeelworthless,butalsobecomingsomeoneIusedtohate.Ihadbeenresistinghiringsomeonetohelpuntilfouryearslater,whenmyneighborpersuadedmetocallafriendofherswhoownedacleaningcompany.ThemoreItalkedtotheowner,thebetterIfeltlikehiringcleanerstohelpus.Thecompanyprioritizeditsemployees’well-beingbypayingthemafairlivingwage,andifaclientcanceled,insteadofignoringit,thecompanywouldmanagetoofferthemthesamenumberofhoursonanotherjobtomakeupforit.Lastfall,myhusbandwentabroadforfourmonths,andmywholelifewasinamess.Betweenworkandcaringforthekidsandhouseonmyown,therewasn’tmuchleftforme.ButonedayIwalkedintomybedroomandsawtheneatbedandtidyitemsthecleanershadarranged.Itmademesmile,thenbroughttearstomyeyes.Itwasthefirsttimeinweeksthatsomeonehadmadealotofefforttotakecareofme.It’sonlynowthatI’maclientmyselfthatIcanseethevalueoftheworkIdidatmyformerjob.Alltheseyearslater,awareofthegreatrespectandgratitudeIhaveforthehardworkingpeoplewhocleanmyhouse,IamabletobetterappreciatethepersonIwasbackthenandbeproudoftheworkshedidtotakecareofothers.4.Whydidtheauthorinitiallyrefusetohireahousecleaner?A.Shecouldn’taffordit.B.Shehatedtheinequality.C.Sheownedaspotlesshouse.D.Shepreferredcleaningbyherself.5.Whatdidtheauthorthinkofthecleaningcompany?A.Inflexible. B.Principled. C.Considerate. D.Demanding.6.Whatdidtheauthorrealizeafterbecomingacleaningclient?A.Cleanerswereoccupied. B.Cleaningwasmeaningless.C.Cleanersdeservedhigherpay. D.Cleaningbroughtgreatcomfort.7.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A.Todescribeajob. B.Tointroduceabook.C.Toillustratealesson. D.Torecommendacompany.【答案】4.B5.C6.D7.C【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者从抗拒雇清洁工到改变想法，雇佣后体会到清洁工作的价值，实现了自我认知与心态的转变。【4题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段“Nevertheless,apowerimbalanceweighedonmewheneverIhadtogetonmyhandsandkneestocleanthefloorsandtoilets.Tohireahousecleanermyselfwouldmeannotonlyputtingsomeoneinthatposition,wherethey,too,mightfeelworthless,butalsobecomingsomeoneIusedtohate.(然而，每当我不得不跪下来清洁地板和厕所时，一种权力上的不平衡感总是让我感到沉重。自己雇清洁工不仅意味着把别人置于那种可能会感到自己毫无价值的境地，也意味着我变成了自己曾经讨厌的那种人)”可推知，作者最初拒绝雇清洁工是因为厌恶这种不平等的关系。故选B项。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Thecompanyprioritizeditsemployees’well-beingbypayingthemafairlivingwage,andifaclientcanceled,insteadofignoringit,thecompanywouldmanagetoofferthemthesamenumberofhoursonanotherjobtomakeupforit.(这家公司优先考虑员工的福利，向他们支付合理的生活工资，如果客户取消了，公司不会忽略它，而是会设法为他们提供相同时间的另一份工作来弥补)”可知，这家公司体恤员工，考虑十分周到。故选C项。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段“ButonedayIwalkedintomybedroomandsawtheneatbedandtidyitemsthecleanershadarranged.Itmademesmile,thenbroughttearstomyeyes.Itwasthefirsttimeinweeksthatsomeonehadmadealotofefforttotakecareofme.(但有一天，我走进卧室，看到清洁工整理的整洁床铺和有序物品，这让我露出笑容，随后热泪盈眶。这是几周来第一次有人花这么多心思照顾我)”可推知，作者成为客户后意识到清洁工作能带来极大的慰藉。故选D项。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段“Tohireahousecleanermyselfwouldmeannotonlyputtingsomeoneinthatposition,wherethey,too,mightfeelworthless,butalsobecomingsomeoneIusedtohate.(我自己雇保洁员，不仅意味着把别人置于那样的境地——他们或许也会在其中感到毫无价值，还意味着我变成了自己曾经厌恶的那种人)”以及上下文可知，作者从曾经拒绝雇清洁工，到后来改变想法并体会到清洁工作的价值，最终懂得尊重这份职业和劳动者，也正视了自己过去的经历。由此推知，作者写这篇文章是为了阐明一个人生感悟。故选C项。CBeneathCalifornialiefaults(断层)—placeswherelargeamountsofrocksslidepast,over,under,orintooneanother.Theymoveslowlyuntil,eventually,theyviolentlycrashandthegroundshakes.Unavoidably,destructiveearthquakeswillrockthestate.Nothingcanbedonetopreventthemfromstriking.Butunderstandingwheretheyarelikelytohappen,andwhatsortofpowertheycanrelease,meanscommunitiescanprepare.Inotherwords,thebestwaytolessenthesefuturedisastersistodrawmapsoftheunderworld,documentingeveryfaultandmonitoringitsbehavior.Tocreatethosemaps,researchersemployseismometers(地震波检测器)onthesurface.Seismicwavesareabitlikemusic.Identifytheirnotesandrhythmchanges,andscientistscanworkoutwhatcreatesthem,wheretheylie,andhowtheybehave.“Wehadmassiveamountsofdataavailable,”saysRoss,anassistantgeophysicsprofessoratCaltech.HeexplainsthatbecauseCaliforniaissogeologicallyactiveandsothoroughlycoveredinseismometers,thereweremoredatathanhumanexpertsalonecouldreasonablyhandle.In2017,Rosshadanepiphany.Hesawmachinelearningprogramshandlehugesetsofphotos—identifyingandcategorizingelementswithinthem,andwithaccuracyandspeedthathumanscouldn’tmatch.So,hethought,whynotapplyasimilarapproachtoseismology?Rossandhiscolleaguescollectedseismicwaveformsandsetadatamodelupontheseismicrecord.Therewasadrawback,however.Thisprogramcouldonlyfindearthquakesintheseismicrecordthatitwastaughttorecognize.Novelseismiceventswentunnoticed.SoRossturnedtomoreadvancedtools:self-learningprograms,softwarethatcouldtakepreexistinginformationandmakepredictionsaboutthefuture.Asthesemachinelearningprogramsworkwithincreasingprecision,theymayalsobeusedtoboostthespeedandaccuracyofearthquakeearly-warningsystems.Butforalltheirpromise,AIprogramswon’treplacehumanscientists.“They’rejusttools,”Rosssays—onesthatintime,hesuspects,willbecomeasordinaryasseismometersthemselves.8.Howdidtheauthorintroducethetopic?A.Bydescribingafact. B.Byquotinganexpert.C.Bydefiningaconcept. D.Byraisinganassumption.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“epiphany”inparagraph4probablymean?A.Boldguess. B.Suddenidea. C.Gradualdoubt. D.Commonsense.10.WhatcanweinferfromRoss?A.Sticktoconventions. B.Lookbeforeyouleap.C.Thinkoutsidethebox. D.Killtwobirdswithonestone.11.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardstheroleofAIinseismology?A.Doubtful. B.Reserved. C.Objective. D.Indifferent.【答案】8.A9.B10.C11.C【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍加州地震预防需绘制断层图，罗斯团队将机器学习应用于地震学研究，助力提升地震预警能力。【8题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“BeneathCalifornialiefaults(断层)—placeswherelargeamountsofrocksslidepast,over,under,orintooneanother.(加利福尼亚州地下存在着断层——也就是大量岩石相互滑移、重叠、挤压或嵌入的地方)”可推知，作者开篇描述了加利福尼亚州地下存在断层这一客观事实，进而引出地震相关话题。故选A项。【9题详析】词句猜测题。根据划线词下文“Hesawmachinelearningprogramshandlehugesetsofphotos—identifyingandcategorizingelementswithinthem,andwithaccuracyandspeedthathumanscouldn’tmatch.So,hethought,whynotapplyasimilarapproachtoseismology?(他看到机器学习程序能够处理海量照片，对其中的元素进行识别和分类，其准确率和速度是人类无法企及的。于是他想，为什么不把类似的方法应用到地震学上呢？)”可知，Ross是看到机器学习的优势后，突然萌生了将其应用到地震学的想法，因此“epiphany”的意思是“突然的想法”。故选B项。【10题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段“Hesawmachinelearningprogramshandlehugesetsofphotos—identifyingandcategorizingelementswithinthem,andwithaccuracyandspeedthathumanscouldn’tmatch.So,hethought,whynotapplyasimilarapproachtoseismology?(他看到机器学习程序能够处理海量照片，对其中的元素进行识别和分类，其准确率和速度是人类无法企及的。于是他想，为什么不把类似的方法应用到地震学上呢？)”和第五段“SoRossturnedtomoreadvancedtools:self-learningprograms,softwarethatcouldtakepreexistinginformationandmakepredictionsaboutthefuture.(于是Ross转而使用更先进的工具：自学程序，以及那些能够利用既有信息对未来做出预测的软件)”可知，Ross突破传统地震学研究方法的局限，想到将机器学习应用到地震波数据分析中，面对初期程序的缺陷，又进一步采用自学习程序优化模型。这体现了他跳出固有思维模式的创新思路。选项C“Thinkoutsidethebox.(跳出思维定式)”符合文意。故选C项。【11题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Asthesemachinelearningprogramsworkwithincreasingprecision,theymayalsobeusedtoboostthespeedandaccuracyofearthquakeearly-warningsystems.Butforalltheirpromise,AIprogramswon’treplacehumanscientists.(随着这些机器学习程序的精度不断提高，它们也可能被用于提高地震预警系统的速度和准确性。尽管人工智能前景广阔，但它不会取代人类科学家)”可知，作者既肯定了AI在地震学中的积极作用，也指出其局限性。由此推知，作者作者对人工智能在地震学中的作用持客观态度。故选C项。DWhalesharks,theworld’slargestfishandanendangeredspecies,faceagrowingyetoftenunnoticeddanger—shipcollisions(碰撞).ButwhileshipscollidingwithNorthAtlanticrightwhaleshavedrawnsignificantattention,scientistshaveonlyrecentlyrealizedthatthesameglobalshippingtrafficisalsokillingwhalesharks.Inarecentstudy,over75researcherscametogethertoquantifythethreatshippingmayposetowhalesharkspopulatingwarmtropicalandsub-tropicalwaters.Theymappedwhalesharkgatheringhotspots,knownas“constellations(星系),”in26countriesandoverlaidthesemapswithdataprovidedbyGlobalFishingWatchonthepositionsoflargeshipsinshippinglanes.TheanalysisrevealedthatthesegentlegiantsaremosteasilyinjuredinheavilytraffickedregionsofEcuador,Mexico,Malaysia,thePhilippines,Oman,andSeychelles.Whilewhalesharksdon’tneedtosurfacetobreathe,theyspendabouthalftheirtimenearthesurfacefeedingonplankton(浮游生物),placingthemdirectlyinthepathofships.LeadresearcherFreyaWomersleynotedthattheapproachofsharkstoheavyshippinglanessuggestsaconsiderablenumberofdeadlycollisions.However,theexactdeathnumbersremainunknownbecause,unlikemarinemammals,deadsharkssinkandrarelywashashore,leadingtoanunderestimateoftheproblem.Withglobalshippingpotentiallyincreasingbyupto1,200%by2050,expertsstresstheurgencyofaction.Effectivestrategiesincludereducingshipspeedsandreroutingshipsawayfromcriticalhabitats.Simulationsshowthatslowingshipsby75%onlyincreasestransporttimeby5%,whilereroutingaddsjust0.5%moretimeonaverage.Suchsmalladjustmentscouldgreatlyenhancewhalesharksurvivalwithoutmajorimpactsonshipping—apromisingwin-winforconservationandindustry.“Youhavearealwin-winintermsofconservationwithoutamassivetrade-offforpeople,”saysMichaelHeithaus,asharkecologist.Protectingwhalesharksisparticularlyimportantastheyrepresentnotonlyakeyspeciesformarineecosystemsbutalsogeneratesubstantialecotourismincomeforlocalcommunitiesworldwide.12.Wherearewhalesharksmostthreatenedbyshipping?A.Incoldanddeepoceans. B.Inareaswithlittleplankton.C.Inregionswithbusyshipping. D.OnthecoastofNorthAmerica.13.Whyistheexactnumberofwhalesharks’deathshardtodetermine?A.Whalesharksrarelyappearnearthewatersurface.B.Deadwhalesharksmaysinkandareseldomfound.C.Heavyshippinglanesinfluencetherealdeathdata.D.Shippingcompaniesrefusetosharecollisionrecords.14.Whichmeasureiseffectivelysupportedbydatainparagraph4?A.Slightrouteadjustmentsforships. B.Completebanonshippingindustry.C.Creationofartificialfeedingregions. D.Detectionforwhalesharkmovements.15.Whatcanbeconcludedaboutprotectingwhalesharksfromparagraph5?A.Itraiseslocalpeople’soverallincome. B.Itenhancesmarineecosystemhealth.C.Itrequiresglobalcooperativeefforts. D.Itbenefitsnatureandlocalresidents.【答案】12.C13.B14.A15.D【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。本文指出濒危物种鲸鲨因常在水面觅食而面临日益严重的船只碰撞威胁。由于死鲨下沉，实际死亡数被低估。研究表明，调整航线和减速等微小措施能有效保护鲸鲨，实现生态与经济的双赢。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“TheanalysisrevealedthatthesegentlegiantsaremosteasilyinjuredinheavilytraffickedregionsofEcuador,Mexico,Malaysia,thePhilippines,Oman,andSeychelles.(分析结果显示，这些温顺的“巨兽”最容易在厄瓜多尔、墨西哥、马来西亚、菲律宾、阿曼和塞舌尔等交通繁忙的地区受到伤害)”可知，鲸鲨在航运繁忙的区域最容易受到航运活动的威胁。故选C。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“However,theexactdeathnumbersremainunknownbecause,unlikemarinemammals,deadsharkssinkandrarelywashashore,leadingtoanunderestimateoftheproblem.(然而，确切的死亡数量仍不得而知，这是因为与海洋哺乳动物不同，死亡的鲨鱼会下沉并很少会漂上岸边，这导致了对这一问题的低估)”可知，很难确切统计鲸鲨的死亡数量是因为死亡的鲸鲨可能会沉入海底，因而很少被发现。故选B。【14题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段“Simulationsshowthatslowingshipsby75%onlyincreasestransporttimeby5%,whilereroutingaddsjust0.5%moretimeonaverage.Suchsmalladjustmentscouldgreatlyenhancewhalesharksurvivalwithoutmajorimpactsonshipping—apromisingwin-winforconservationandindustry.(模拟结果显示，将船速降低75%仅会使运输时间增加5%，而改道平均只会增加0.5%的时间。这样的微小调整能够极大地提高鲸鲨的生存几率，同时对航运业也不会造成重大影响——这为保护工作和行业带来了一个双赢的局面)”可知，对船只进行轻微的航线调整得到了数据的有效支持。故选A。【15题详析】推理判断题。根据第五段““Youhavearealwin-winintermsofconservationwithoutamassivetrade-offforpeople,”saysMichaelHeithaus,asharkecologist.Protectingwhalesharksisparticularlyimportantastheyrepresentnotonlyakeyspeciesformarineecosystemsbutalsogeneratesubstantialecotourismincomeforlocalcommunitiesworldwide.(“从保护的角度来看，这确实是一种双赢的局面，而且对人类而言无需付出巨大代价。”鲨鱼生态学家迈克尔·希托斯说道。保护鲸鲨尤为重要，因为它们不仅是海洋生态系统的关键物种，还为世界各地的当地社区带来了丰厚的生态旅游收入)”可知，保护鲸鲨对自然环境和当地居民都有益处。故选D。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Doyouwanttobecomecreative?Peopleusuallyconsidercreativitytobeararegiftthatonlygeniusespossess.____16____Andlikeanyofit,youcanpracticeandgetbetteratit.Soherearesomeofthenot-so-exciting-but-also-really-importantthingsyoucandotobemorecreativeinyourownlife.____17____Creativegeniusesareoftenlabeledasstrangeandunusual.Andsure,sometimestheyare.Butusually,they’renot.ErnestHemingway,oneofthemostcelebratedAmericanauthors,hadawritingstyleadmiredbymany,yethislifewasordinary.Formostofhisliterarycareer,heheldregularjobs—firstasanewspaperreporter,thenanambulancedriverinWWI,andlaterajournalist—whilecreatinghisfamousworksontheside.Focusondoingthework,notflashesofinspiration.____18____AsEinsteinonceputit,“It’snotthatI’msosmart,Ijustsitwiththeproblemslonger.”CharlesDarwinisstillconsideredoneofthemostinnovativescientists.Butheneverreallyhadan“aha”momentaboutnaturalselection.Therewasnolightbulbthatwentoffinhishead.____19____Darwinstudiedcountlessdifferentspeciesofplantsandanimalsacrossmultiplecontinentsforseveraldecades.Hetookendlessnotes,drewpicturesrepeatedly,traveledaround,talkedtolocalsandotherscientists,andthenwroteinhisjournalaboutwhathesaw—allslow,repetitiveworkwithoutanyexcitement.Bebored,notdistracted.Perhapsthemostboringwaytobelessboringandmorecreativeisboredomitself.Platowrotethatboredomisthemotherofallinvention.Modernsociety,withallitsflashydevices,hasgottenreallygoodatdistractingusfromthisboredom.Butintherightenvironment,it’sthatverysameboredomthatfuelscreativepeople.____20____A.Do“normal”things.B.Besides,hewasveryhardworking.C.Engageinpositiveandunusualactivities.D.Yet,inreality,itturnsoutthatcreativityisaskill.E.Instead,theprocessofhisdiscoveryisratherboring.F.Creativepeopledon’t“find”timebutputinthetimetobecreative.G.So,ratherthanturningawayfromboredom,justuseittocreatesomething.【答案】16.D17.A18.F19.E20.G【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。本文打破“创造力仅天才拥有”的固有认知，指出创造力是可练习提升的技能，并详细给出做普通事、专注踏实付出、利用无聊激发灵感这三种实用提升方法。【16题详析】根据上文“Peopleusuallyconsidercreativitytobeararegiftthatonlygeniusespossess.(人们通常认为创造力是一种罕见的天赋，只有天才才具备。)”，以及下文“Andlikeanyofit,youcanpracticeandgetbetteratit.(而且就像其他技能一样，你可以通过练习来提高它。)”可知，空格处需要转折，指出创造力是一种可培养的技能。D项“Yet,inreality,itturnsoutthatcreativityisaskill.(然而，事实证明创造力是一种技能。)”起到承上启下的作用。故选D项。【17题详析】根据下文段落内容“Creativegeniusesareoftenlabeledasstrangeandunusual.Andsure,sometimestheyare.Butusually,they’renot.(创意天才往往被贴上古怪反常的标签。诚然，有时候他们确实如此。但多数情况下，并非这般。)”，以及海明威拥有普通工作、业余创作的例子可知，该段主旨是富有创造力的人也会做普通的事。A项“Do“normal”hings.(做“普通的”事。)”能够概括本段主旨，适合作为小标题。故选A项。【18题详析】根据小标题“Focusondoingthework,notflashesofinspiration.(专注于做事，而非灵光一现。)”，以及下文爱因斯坦的名言“It’snotthatI’msosmart,Ijustsitwiththeproblemslonger.(不是我有多聪明，只是我和问题相处的时间更长。)”可知，空格处应强调创造力需要投入时间付出努力。F项“Creativepeopledon’t“find”timebutputinthetimetobecreative.(有创造力的人不是“找”时间，而是投入时间去创造。)”符合语境。故选F项。【19题详析】根据上文“Butheneverreallyhadan“aha”momentaboutnaturalselection.Therewasnolightbulbthatwentoffinhishead.(但他关于自然选择的理论从来没有过真正的“顿悟”时刻，他的脑海里并没有突然灵光一闪。)”以及下文达尔文数十年研究不同物种、做笔记、绘图等枯燥重复的工作内容可知，空格处应说明他的发现过程是枯燥的。E项“Instead,theprocessofhisdiscoveryisratherboring.(相反，他的发现过程相当枯燥。)”衔接上下文。故选E项。【20题详析】根据小标题“Bebored,notdistracted.(保持无聊，而非分心。)”，以及上文“Butintherightenvironment,it’sthatverysameboredomthatfuelscreativepeople.(但在合适的环境中，正是这种无聊激发了有创造力的人。)”可知，空格处应总结要利用无聊来进行创造。G项“So,ratherthanturningawayfromboredom,justuseittocreatesomething.(因此，与其逃避无聊，不如利用它来创造一些东西。)”符合语境。故选G项。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AsakidgrowingupinSouthDakota,BeckyHammonhadagreatpassionforbasketball.Whenshewasa(n)____21____whojustlearnedtowalk,shemovedwithaball.She____22____withherfather,whoplayedonhis____23____.Whenshewasolder,thegames____24____tothedriveway,whereherparentsfixed____25____sothatgamescouldgointothenight.Fromtheageoften,shetookhundredsof____26____aday.“Playingbasketballformeisnaturallylike____27____,”shesaid.BeckywaseagertoplayintheNBA,butherfathertoldher,gently,thatitwouldn’t____28____.Shewasunderfivefeetuntileighthgrade.“I’llneverbeabletocompete____29____,”sheremembersrealizing,“soIhavetolearnhowto____30____peoplewithmymind.”Inhighschool,shefinallybecametheschool’sall-timeleader.Aftershegraduatedfromhighschool,theNewYorkLiberty____31____heraspotatitstrainingcamp,wherenoteveryplayerwouldmaketheteam.She____32____andthensignedacontractfortwenty-fivethousanddollars.Beforelong,shemadeherself____33____asaplayer,guidingtheteam.“Itturnsoutthather____34____nevermattered,”theheadcoach,RichieAdubato,saidinaninterview.“Whenshe____35____tothebasket,shehardlymissedoneshotinfouryears.”21.A.editor B.player C.child D.actor22.A.battled B.talked C.linked D.mixed23.A.head B.knees C.arms D.eyes24.A.slid B.moved C.walked D.submitted25.A.wheelchairs B.footprints C.microphones D.floodlights26.A.shots B.photos C.jobs D.classes27.A.jumping B.diving C.breathing D.sleeping28.A.happen B.retire C.delay D.prove29.A.incredibly B.exactly C.legally D.athletically30.A.sweep B.return C.terrify D.beat31.A.trapped B.offered C.compared D.relieved32.A.livedon B.laydown C.madeit D.tooksides33.A.healthy B.ignorant C.necessary D.political34.A.size B.wisdom C.desire D.vision35.A.wished B.removed C.objected D.devoted【答案】21.C22.A23.B24.B25.D26.A27.C28.A29.D30.D31.B32.C33.C34.A35.D【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了贝基・哈蒙虽身材矮小，但自幼苦练篮球。她凭借智慧与技巧克服劣势，成功入选WNBA，成为球队不可或缺的核心，证明身高并非成功的障碍。【21题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当她还是个刚刚学会走路的孩子时，她走到哪儿都抱着个球。A.editor编辑；B.player运动员；C.child孩子；D.actor演员。根据后文“whojustlearnedtowalk”可知，刚学会走路还是个孩子。故选C。【22题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她和她的父亲比赛，父亲跪着陪她玩。A.battled战斗；B.talked谈话；C.linked联系；D.mixed混合。根据后文“thegames”以及她与父亲的互动，这里指她和父亲进行篮球“对抗”或“比赛”。battle在此处意为进行激烈的对抗赛。故选A。【23题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她和她的父亲比赛，父亲跪着陪她玩。A.head头；B.knees膝盖；C.arms胳膊；D.eyes眼睛。根据上文“whojustlearnedtowalk”可知，因为她当时刚学会走路，个子很小，父亲为了适应她，应该是弯着腰或跪在地上和她玩。playonone'sknees表示“跪着玩”符合语境。故选B。【24题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：等她长大一些后，游戏场地就转移了车道上，那时她的父母还安装了强光灯，这样游戏就能在夜间继续进行。A.slid滑动；B.moved移动；C.walked走路；D.submitted提交。根据后文“tothedriveway”可知，当她长大了一点，比赛的场地从室内或父亲的膝盖上转移到了车道上。故选B。【25题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：等她长大一些后，游戏场地就转移了车道上，那时她的父母还安装了强光灯，这样游戏就能在夜间继续进行。A.wheelchairs轮椅；B.footprints脚印；C.microphones麦克风；D.floodlights强光灯。根据后文“sothatgamescouldgointothenight”可知，晚上也要比赛，说明安装了强光灯。故选D。【26题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：从十岁起，她每天都要投篮数百次。A.shots投篮；B.photos照片；C.jobs工作；D.classes班级。根据后文（最后一段）“shehardlymissedoneshotinfouryears”可知，此处指打篮球练习投篮，故选A。【27题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“对我来说，打篮球就像是呼吸一样自然。”她说道。A.jumping跳跃；B.diving潜水；C.breathing呼吸；D.sleeping睡觉。根据上文“Playingbasketballformeisnaturallylike”可知，她对篮球的热爱如同本能，就像呼吸一样自然。故选C。【28题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：贝基非常渴望能在NBA打球，但她父亲却温和地告诉她，这不可能实现。A.happen发生；B.retire退休；C.delay推迟；D.prove证明。根据后文“Shewasunderfivefeetuntileighthgrade.(在八年级之前，她的身高一直不到五英尺)”可知，她想打NBA，父亲温柔地告诉她这不会发生。故选A。【29题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：“我永远无法在体育方面取得竞争优势，”她回忆道，“所以我就得学会用我的头脑去战胜别人。”A.incredibly难以置信地；B.exactly恰好；C.legally合法地；D.athletically运动地。根据上文“Shewasunderfivefeetuntileighthgrade.”可知，因为身高不足，她意识到自己无法在身体素质或运动能力上与别人竞争。故选D。【30题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我永远无法在体育方面取得竞争优势，”她回忆道，“所以我就得学会用我的头脑去战胜别人。”A.sweep打扫；B.return返回；C.terrify使害怕；D.beat打败，战胜。根据后文“peoplewithmymind”可知，既然身体条件不如人，她必须学会用头脑去战胜对手。故选D。【31题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她高中毕业后，纽约自由队就给她提供了参加训练营的机会，而在那里并非每个球员都能入选球队。A.trapped诱捕；B.offered提供；C.compared比较；D.relieved缓解。根据后文“heraspotatitstrainingcamp”可知，纽约自由人队给她提供了训练营的位置。故选B。【32题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：她成功了，随后还签订了价值两万五千美元的合同。A.livedon继续存在；B.laydown放下；C.madeit成功；D.tooksides支持。前文提到“noteveryplayerwouldmaketheteam”，后文“signedacontract”提到她签了合同，说明她成功入选了。故选C。【33题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：没过多久，她就凭借出色的球技成为了球队不可或缺的核心人物，引领着球队前进。A.healthy健康的；B.ignorant无知的；C.necessary必要的；D.political政治的。根据后文“guidingtheteam”可知，她成为了球队的指挥官，说明她变得不可或缺。故选C。【34题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“事实证明，她的身高从来都不是问题所在。”主教练里奇·阿杜巴托在一次采访中说道。A.size身高，尺寸；B.wisdom智慧；C.desire渴望；D.vision幻想。根据后文“nevermattered”可知，教练评价说她的身高从来都不是问题。呼应前文“Shewasunderfivefeetuntileighthgrade.”提到的她个子矮小的劣势。故选A。【35题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“当她专注于投篮时，四年里她几乎从未投丢过一个投篮。”A.wished希望；B.removed去除；C.objected反对；D.devoted投入。根据后文“tothebasket,shehardlymissedoneshotinfouryears”可知，当她全身心投入或冲向篮筐时，几乎不会失手。故选D。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。AsJohnandIstoppedtoadmireapatchofyellowdaisieswhilehikingthroughhisvillageinZhejiang,avoice___36___(speak)Chinesereachedusfromacrossthecreek.“Aren’tthoseflowersbeautiful?”Ilookeduptoseetwosmilingyetunfamiliarfacesstaringatmyhusbandandme,both____37____(fill)withafriendlycuriosity.Afterall,it’snoteverydaythattheyfindawhite____38____(foreign)hikingacrossfromtheirfields.“Yes,they’reverybeautiful,”Ireplied____39____Chinese.Soon,we____40____(fall)intosmalltalk—about____41____(we)hikeandtheircrop-planting.Bythetimeweleft,Ifeltasifwe’dmadenewfriends.Suchthingshappenmorethanonce.Amountainwomanofteninvitesusfordinner;afarmeronceforced____42____(cherry)intomyhands;countlessvillagerssmilewhenJohngreetsthemusingdialect.____43____amazesmeisthatasimplewalkthroughmyhusband’svillagesuddenlyopensupunexpecteddoorsandhearts.I’vewatchedJohntransformfromashyUSwallflowerintoaconfidentsocialbutterfly,charmingevenseriousgrandfathers.Despitepasthardships,hegreetseveryonewithcheerfuloptimism,teachingmethatasmileislife’s____44____(good)cureonlonelydays.It’slikeenjoyingthoseyellow