汽车英语-第五版-Unit 2 Introduction to Electrical Drive System

汽车英语（第五版）AutomobileEnglishUnit2IntroductiontoElectricalDriveSystemPassageAElectricalDriveSysteminElectricVehicles(EVs)Anelectricvehicle(EV)electricaldrivesystemconvertsenergyfromthevehicle’sbatteryintomechanicalpowertodrivethewheels.ThecriticalcomponentsofanEVdrivesystemincludetheelectricmotor,powerelectronics,thebatterypack,andacontroller.Unit2IntroductiontoElectricalDriveSystemUnit2IntroductiontoElectricalDriveSystemPassageAElectricalDriveSysteminElectricVehicles(EVs)Figure2-1NewEnergyVehicleStructureHere’sadetailedexplanationofeachcomponentandhowtheyworktogetherinanEV:1.BatteryPackTheheartofanEV’selectricaldrivesystemisthehigh-capacitylithium-ionorotheradvancedbatterypack.Thevoltageandcapacityofthebatterypacklargelydeterminethevehicle’srangeandperformance.Itprovidesdirectcurrent(DC)electricitytotheelectricmotor.Unit2IntroductiontoElectricalDriveSystemPassageAElectricalDriveSysteminElectricVehicles(EVs)2.ElectricMotorTheelectricmotorinanEVservesthesamepurposeasaninternalcombustionengineinatraditionalcar.Itconvertselectricalenergyfromthebatteryintomechanicalenergytodrivethewheels.TherearedifferenttypesofelectricmotorsusedinEVs,including:●PermanentMagnetSynchronousMotor(PMSM):Thesemotorsusepermanentmagnetstocreateamagneticfield.TheyareefficientandcommonlyusedinEVs.●InductionMotor:Thesemotorsdonotusemagnetsandrelyonelectromagneticinduction.Theyarelessefficientbutcanbecheaper.●SwitchedReluctanceMotor(SRM):Thesemotorsusetheprincipleofreluctanceforrotationandareknownfortheirsimplicityandreliability.Unit2IntroductiontoElectricalDriveSystemPassageAElectricalDriveSysteminElectricVehicles(EVs)3.PowerElectronicsThepowerelectronicsinanEVareresponsibleformanagingtheflowofelectricitybetweenthebatteryandtheelectricmotor.Theprimarycomponentsofthepowerelectronicsinclude:●Inverter:TheinverterconvertstheDCpowerfromthebatteryintoACpowerrequiredfortheelectricmotor.Itcontrolsthefrequency,voltage,andphaseoftheACpower,allowingprecisecontrolofthemotor’sspeedandtorque.●Converter:InsomeEVs,aDC-DCconvertermaymanagethevoltagedifferencebetweenthebatteryandothercomponentsliketheaccessorysystemandtheelectricmotor.Unit2IntroductiontoElectricalDriveSystemPassageAElectricalDriveSysteminElectricVehicles(EVs)4.ControllerThecontrollerissometimescalledtheDriveControlUnit(DCU).Itmanagestheoperationoftheelectricmotorbycontrollingthepowerelectronicsintheelectricaldrivesystem.Itregulatesthemotor’sspeed,torque,andregenerativebraking.Unit2IntroductiontoElectricalDriveSystemPassageAElectricalDriveSysteminElectricVehicles(EVs)5.TransmissionSomeEVsusesingle-speedtransmissionsbecauseelectricmotorshaveawiderangeoftorqueandoperateefficientlyatabroadrangeofspeeds.However,somehigh-performanceandlong-rangeEVsmayusemulti-speedtransmissionstooptimizeefficiencyandperformance.Unit2IntroductiontoElectricalDriveSystemPassageAElectricalDriveSysteminElectricVehicles(EVs)6.RegenerativeBrakingElectricvehiclesoftenfeatureregenerativebraking,whichallowstheelectricmotortoactasageneratorduringdeceleration.Itconvertskineticenergybackintoelectricalenergy,whichisthenreturnedtothebatteryforrecharging.Thisimprovesenergyefficiency.Unit2IntroductiontoElectricalDriveSystemPassageAElectricalDriveSysteminElectricVehicles(EVs)7.CoolingandThermalManagementEVsrequireeffectivecoolingsystemstomanagetheheatgeneratedbytheelectricmotor,powerelectronics,andbatterypack.Maintaininganoptimaltemperatureiscrucialfortheefficiencyandlongevityofthesecomponents.Insummary,anelectricvehicle’selectricaldrivesystemisakeyfactorinmakingEVsenvironmentallyfriendly,energy-efficient,andcapableofdeliveringhighperformanceandlowoperatingcosts.Unit2IntroductiontoElectricalDriveSystemPassageAElectricalDriveSysteminElectricVehicles(EVs)Notes1.InsomeEVs,aDC-DCconvertermaymanagethevoltagedifferencebetweenthebatteryandothercomponentsliketheaccessorysystemandtheelectricmotor.本句虽然很长，但它是一个简单句，like是介词，引出介词短语。此句译为：在一些电动汽车中，DC-DC转换器可以控制电池和其他组件（如辅助系统和电机）之间的电压差。2.SomeEVsusesingle-speedtransmissionsbecauseelectricmotorshaveawiderangeoftorqueandoperateefficientlyatabroadrangeofspeeds.本句是一个原因状语从句。从句中含有两个并列的动词结构。此句译为：一些电动汽车使用单速变速器，因为电机具有广泛的扭矩范围，并在宽范的速度范围内有效运行。3.Electricvehiclesoftenfeatureregenerativebraking,whichallowstheelectricmotortoactasageneratorduringdeceleration.本句是由which引导的非限性定语从句，修饰regenerativebraking。此句译为：电动汽车通常具有再生制动功能，它允许电机在减速时充当发电机。4.EVsrequireeffectivecoolingsystemstomanagetheheatgeneratedbytheelectricmotor,powerelectronics,andbatterypack.此句中由过去分词generated引出的短语，作后置定语，修饰前面的heat。此句译为：电动汽车需要有效的冷却系统来管控电机、电子设备和电池Unit2IntroductiontoElectricalDriveSystemNewWordsexplanation/ˌekspləˈneɪʃ(ə)n/n.解释lithium-ion/ˈlɪθiəmˈaɪən/n.锂离子capacity/kəˈpæsəti/n.容量permanent/ˈpɜːrmənənt/adj.永久的magnet/ˈmæɡnət/n.磁铁electromagnetic/ɪˌlektroʊmæɡˈnetɪk/adj.电磁的induction/ɪnˈdʌkʃ(ə)n/n.（电磁）感应reluctance/rɪˈlʌktəns/n.磁阻simplicity/sɪmˈplɪsəti/n.简单reliability/rɪˌlaɪəˈbɪləti/n.可靠Unit2IntroductiontoElectricalDriveSystemNewWordsfrequency/ˈfriːkwənsi/n.频率phase/feɪz/n.相位torque/tɔːrk/n.扭矩,扭力controller/kənˈtroʊlər/n.控制器regulate/ˈreɡjuleɪt/v.调节transmission/trænzˈmɪʃ(ə)n/n.变速器deceleration/ˌdiːseləˈreɪʃn/n.减速longevity/lɔːnˈdʒevəti/n.寿命Unit2IntroductiontoElectricalDriveSystemPhrasesandExpressionselectricaldrivesystem电驱动系统mechanicalpower机械动力powerelectronics电力电子设备batterypack电池组electricmotor电机electricalenergy电能mechanicalenergy机械能PermanentMagnetSynchronousMotor(PMSM)永磁同步电机InductionMotor感应电机electromagneticinduction电磁感应SwitchedReluctanceMotor(SRM)开关磁阻电机powerelectronics电力电子设备Unit2IntroductiontoElectricalDriveSystemPhrasesandExpressionsvoltagedifference电压差accessorysystem辅助系统DriveControlUnit(DCU)驱动控制单元regenerativebraking再生制动single-speedtransmission单速变速器multi-speedtransmission多速变速器insummary总之Unit2IntroductiontoElectricalDriveSystemEXERCISE1Matchthewordorphrasewiththemaintenancetool.—1——2——3—

—4——5—

—6—A.TubingCutterB.GreaseGunC.PunchesD.Cylinder-boreGaugeE.SparkPlugBoxSpannerF.JackDBEFCAUnit2IntroductiontoElectricalDriveSystemEXERCISE2TranslatethefollowingphrasesintoChineseorEnglish.1.electricaldrivesystem_____________________2.

辅助系统3.single-speedtransmission_____________________4.

电磁感应5.powerelectronics _____________________6.

机械动力7.voltagedifference_____________________8.

驱动控制单元9.batterypack_____________________10.

再生制动电力驱动系统

accessorysystem单速变速器

electromagnetic

induction电力电子设备mechanicalpower电压差DriveControlUnit电池组regenerativebrakingUnit2IntroductiontoElectricalDriveSystemEXERCISE3Thefollowingaresomeexpressionsforthefamousbrands.MatchthefollowingbrandsinColumnAwiththeirChineseequivalentsinColumnB.AB1.A.WMMotor2.B.QIANTUMotor3.C.NIOCIAUnit2IntroductiontoElectricalDriveSystemEXERCISE34.D.BuildYourDreams(BYD)5.E.XPeng6.F.NETA7.G.HONGQI8.H.YOUXIAMotorHBJDEUnit2IntroductiontoElectricalDriveSystemEXERCISE39.I.BYTON10.J.LiAutoGFUnit2IntroductiontoElectricalDriveSystemPassageBHowanElectricalDrive-trainSystemWorksWhatisElectricvehicle(EV)drive-trainsystem?InEVs,theengine,whichistheelectricversionofthemotor,producesthepower.Thedrive-trainsystemplaysacrucialroleasitconnectstheelectricmotor,theprimarypowersource,directlytothewheels.Unlikeintraditionalcombustionenginevehicles,wheretheengine’spowermustbeconvertedbeforeitcanbeusedtomovethevehicle,theelectricdrive-trainallowsforamoreefficientanddirectpowertransfer,contributingsignificantlytoEVs’overallefficiencyandperformance.Further,Itproduces1200RPMusabletorqueand2500to4000RPMpeaktorque.Similarly,a5000to7000RPMupperusablespeedlimitisexistentinthemotor.Unit2IntroductiontoElectricalDriveSystemImportanceoftheSystemAnEV’sdrive-trainsystemworksco-existentiallywiththemotortodeliverpowertothemovablebodyoftheEV.ThespeedefficiencyoftheEVswouldgetaffectedifthedrive-trainsystemwereinexistent.Also,ithelpscontrolthetorqueaswellasthespeedoftheelectricmotor.Thus,it’sobviousthatthesignificanceofthedrive-trainsystemkeepsgrowingwiththeimprovementofelectricmediums.Itisanimportantassetforthebettermentofbatterytechnologyintheworld.Figure2-1EV’sDrive-trainSystemUnit2IntroductiontoElectricalDriveSystemPassageBHowanElectricalDrive-trainSystemWorksWhatmakestheSystemSuccessful?Electrifyingthedrive-trainsystemisnotaseasyasitsounds.Justlikeinfuel-basedvehicles,batteries,tractionmotors,andpowerelectronicsarekeyelementsinelectricdrive-trainsystemsaswell.Additionally,intermsofmotors,brushedDC,brushlessDC,andinductionmotorsaremostcommoninelectricdrive-trainsystems.Unit2IntroductiontoElectricalDriveSystemPassageBHowanElectricalDrive-trainSystemWorksBrushedDCMotor:Thiskindofmotorismappedtorunfromadirectpowersource.Itispopularforbeingthesimplestaswellasanaffordableelectricmotor.Itisequippedwitharotorandastator.BrushlessDCMotors:BrushlessDCMotorsarecomparativelymoreexpensive,plushavingalongerlifespanthanthebrushedDCmotor.Itisalsofamouslyknownasanelectronicallycommutatedmotor(ECM)orSynchronousDCMotor.Thesekindsofmotorsaremoreefficienttouse.Unit2IntroductiontoElectricalDriveSystemPassageBHowanElectricalDrive-trainSystemWorksInductionMotors:InductionMotors,alsoknownasAsynchronousMotorsareACelectricmotors.arethemostexpensivekindofmotors.Inaddition,theyalsohavethelongesttime-span.Alongsidethekindofmotorused,theweight,speed,friction,poweroutput,andtorquealsoplayanimportantroleintheEVdrive-trainsystem.Unit2IntroductiontoElectricalDriveSystemPassageBHowanElectricalDrive-trainSystemWorksFutureoftheSystemWiththeadvancementofEVs,itspowertransferringsector,i.e.drive-trainsystembecomesmoreandmoresignificant.Ithasalreadybeenevolvingmagnificentlyandsurelyhasanunstoppablefuture.Hence,itwon’tbeunfairtosaythat,themorethedrive-trainsystemgetsadvanced,theworldwillseebetterEVsintheupcomingdays.Unit2IntroductiontoElectricalDriveSystemPassageBHowanElectricalDrive-trainSystemWorksNewWordsversion/ˈvɜːrʒ(ə)n/n.版本crucial/ˈkruːʃ(ə)l/adj.至关重要的transfer/trænsˈfɜːr/n.传输significantly/sɪɡˈnɪfɪkəntli/adv.显著地upper/ˈʌpər/adj.上部的usable/ˈjuːzəb(ə)l/adj.可用的movable/ˈmuːvəbl/adj.可移动的affect/əˈfekt/v.影响inexistent/ˌɪnɪɡˈzɪstənt/adj.不存在的medium/ˈmiːdiəm/n.材料Unit2IntroductiontoElectricalDriveSystemNewWordsbetterment/ˈbetərmənt/n.改进electrifying/ɪˈlektrɪfaɪɪŋ/v.使充电affordable/əˈfɔːrdəb(ə)l/adj.价格实惠的lifespan/ˈlaɪfspæn/n.寿命alongside/əˌlɔːŋˈsaɪd/pre.与……一起unstoppable/ʌnˈstɑːpəbl/adj.无法阻挡的upcoming/ˈʌpkʌmɪŋ/adj.即将来临的Unit2IntroductiontoElectricalDriveSystemPhrasesandExpressionsElectricalDrive-trainSystem电驱动系统primarypowersource主要动力源powertransfer动力传输tractionmotor牵引电机BrushedDCMotor有刷直流电机BrushlessDCMotor无刷直流电机electronicallycommutatedmotor(ECM)电子换向电机SynchronousDCMotor同步直流电机Unit2IntroductiontoAutomobileEngineEXERCISE4Abbreviationsareveryusefulinpracticalwork.DoyouknowthefollowingEnglishabbreviationsyouoftencomeacrossinhandlingautomotivematerials?ReadthemandthentranslatethemintocorrespondingChineseterms.1.AFV Alternative-fuelVehicle _________________2.ATV Advanced-technologyVehicle _________________3.HEV HybridElectricVehicles _________________4.ATV AbovetheThrottleValve _________________5.ECS EngineControlSystem _________________6.ECM EngineControlModule _________________代用燃料汽车高科技汽车混和动力电动车在节气门上方发动机控制系发动机控制模块Unit2IntroductiontoElectricalDriveSystemThefollowingisthestructureofanelectriccar1drivetrain.

Unit2IntroductiontoElectricalDriveSystemEnglishTermsExplanationsChinese1.uppertransverselinkUpperconnectionbetweenwheelbearinghousingandsubframe上横向连杆2.CFRPanti-rollbarAstabilizerbarorswaybar碳纤维复合材料防滚杆3.steeringgearAnindispensablepartofthesteeringsystem转向装置4.high-voltagebatteryAbatterythatcanprovideahighvoltageoutput高压电池5.high-voltagecableAtypeofcablemainlyusedforpowertransmission高压电缆6.10-ltrefueltankAcontainerusedtostorefuelforvehiclessuchasautomobilesandaircraft10升油箱7.powerelectronicsAnelectronicdeviceusedtocontrolandconvertelectricalenergy电力电子装置8.2-cylinderTDIinternalcombustionengineTurbochargeddirectinjection2缸TDI内燃机9.particulatefilterProtectairqualityofelctriccar颗粒过滤器10.turbochargerIncreaseengineintake,therebyincreasingenginepowerandtorque涡轮增压器Unit2IntroductiontoElectricalDriveSystem11.ceramicbrakesQuicklyslowdownorstopthevehiclewithefficientbrakingperformance陶瓷刹车系统12.mufflerSignificantlyreducesenginenoise消音器13.e-motorsitesintorqueconverterhousingE-motorisallaboutpowerandtorquedensity,efficiencyandquality.变矩器外壳中的电动位置14.lightweightDSG7-speedgearboxDirectshifttransmission轻量级DSG7速变速箱15.springdamperInhibittheimpactofthespringwhenbouncesbackafterabsorbingearthquakeandroadimpact弹簧减震器16.rearwheelAformofengineandtransmissionlayoutusedinmotorvehicles,wheretheenginedrivestherearwheelsonly后轮17.forgedmagnesiumwheelStrongerandlighterthancastwheels锻制镁轮18.semi-trailinglinkStabilizesthetrackonanddownthewheel半纵向推力杆19.frontaxlecross-memberPartsthatcarryandsupportthebody前轴横梁20.lowertransverselinkPreventexcessivelateralrollduringturning下横向连杆21.frontwheelReceivetherotationalpowerprovidedbytheengine前轮Unit2IntroductiontoElectricalDriveSystemEXERCISE5WritedownthenameofthepartsinEnglishaccordingtothefigurebelow.ElectricmotorfrontaxleFillingnipplewithinfraredinterfaceTractionbattery3-waypowerDC-DCconverterElectricmotorrearaxleChargingconnectorTanksPowerelectronicsrearelectricmotorPowerelectronicsfrontelectricmotorFuelcellUnit2IntroductiontoElectricalDriveSystemEXERCISE5WritedownthenameofthepartsinEnglishaccordingtothefigurebelow.1.________________________2.______________________3.________________________4.______________________5.________________________6.______________________7.________________________8.________________________9.________________________10.________________________

Fuelcell

TractionbatteryTanksElectricmotorrearaxle

3-waypowerDC_DCconverterFillingnipplewithinfraredinterfaceChargingconnectorPowerelectronicsfrontelectricmotorElectricmotorfrontaxlePowerelectronicsrearelectricmotorUnit2IntroductiontoElectricalDriveSystemEXERCISE6Thefollowingishowtochangeatire.Afterreading,youarerequiredtochoosethesuitabletermsgivenbelow.A:DisposingofOilB:AddingtheNewOilC:DrainingYourOilD:ReplacingtheOilFilterE:CheckingtheOilLevelUnit2IntroductiontoElectricalDriveSystemEXERCISE61.C2.D3.B4.E5.AUnit2IntroductiontoElectricalDriveSystemReassemblingtheBlockStep1Step2Operation:Checkthattheoilchannelsandopeningsoftheoilingsystemintheblockarefreeandclearofallmetalshavings,dirtanddebris.(检查油箱内润滑系统的油道和开口处，确保其干净无杂物，无任何金属碎屑、灰尘和碎屑残留。)Operation:Oilthecomponentsthoroughly.Installoilgalleryplugsandcoreplugsusinghardeningsealer.(将部件彻底润滑。使用硬化密封剂安装油道塞和芯塞。)Unit2IntroductiontoElectricalDriveSystemTroubleshootingGuideStep3Step4Operation:Installcrankshaftandmaincaps.Greasethecamshaftbearingswithhighpressuregrease,theninstallthecamshaft.(安装曲轴和主轴套。用高压润滑脂给凸轮轴轴承上油，然后安装凸轮轴。)Operation:Installthetimingchainorbelttospecification.Besuretoalignthetimingmarkscorrectlyduringreassemblyanddegreethecam.(按照技术规格安装正时链条或正时皮带。重新组装时务必正确对齐正时标记，并对凸轮轴进行正时校准。)Step5Step6Operation:Installnewpistons,rings,gaskets,andseals.CheckpistonringendgapsforOEMclearances.(安装新的活塞、活塞环、垫圈和密封件。检查活塞环的端部间隙，以符合原厂规定的标准。)Operation:Installthepistonandrodassemblies.Userodjournalprotectorsandlubricatetherodinserts,theninstallandtorquerodcaps.(安装活塞和连杆组件。使用连杆轴套并为其添加润滑剂，然后安装并拧紧连杆盖。)Step7Step8Operation:Installheadgasket.Thegasketmaybedirectional,sobesuretoinstallinthecorrectdirection.(安装缸盖垫圈。该垫圈可能有方向要求，因此务必按照正确的方向进行安装。)Operation:Installnewvalveheads.LubetheboltthreadsandwasherswithOriginalEquipmentManufacturer(OEM)lubricantorsealer,thentorquetheboltsdownin3stagesusingtheOEMspecifiedpattern.(安装新的气门头。使用原厂商（OEM）指定的润滑剂或密封剂，润滑螺栓螺纹和垫圈，然后按照规定，分3步将螺栓拧紧。)Step9Operation:Installanewvalvetrain.Besuretolubricatethepartsasyouinstallthemandadjustthevalvesasnecessary.(安装新的气门机构。安装过程中要确保对各部件进行润滑，并根据需要调整气门。)Operation:Installthepistonandrodassemblies.Userodjournalprotectorsandlubricatetherodinserts,theninstallandtorquerodcaps.(安装活塞和连杆组件。使用连杆轴套并为其添加润滑剂，然后安装并拧紧连杆盖。)EXERCISE7Choosethebestanswer.RemovingtheOldEng