Unit4HistoryandTraditionsDiscoveringUsefulStructures课件-高中英语人教版第二册

1DiscoveringUsefulStructures------过去分词作定语和宾语补足语Unit4HistoryandTraditionsLearningObjectives1.掌握过去分词作定语和宾语补足语的用法（重点）2.能在具体语境中正确运用过去分词作定语和宾语补足语（难点）3.能够区分现在分词做定语与过去分词做定语在实际语境中的运用动词谓语动词非谓语动词系动词amisarewaswere是looksoundseem感官getturn变得

实意动词/行为动词(vt./vi)runsinglearnsaywrite助动词+V原dodoesdidhavehashad情态动词+V原canmaymustneeddare...todo(将要、未完成)doing(进行、主动)

done(完成、被动)ReviewIgotupearlyand

caughttheearlybus.Igotupearlytocatchtheearlybus.ReviewReviewWhatistheattribute？Attribute 定语

用来修饰、限定、说明名词或代词的品质与特征的。汉语翻译中中常用，“......的”来表示。ReviewWhatistheattribute?6.Mothermadeabirthday

cakeforme．4.Lucy's

fatherisapoor

worker．5.Webelongtothethird

world.3.My

brotherisateacher.2.Theyliveintheroomabove.1.It’sared

car.

Thegirl

presentismysister.（形容词）（副词）（代词）（数词）（名词所有格/形容词）（名词）ReviewWhatisthepastparticiple？Thepastparticiple 过去分词

过去分词是分词的一种，属于非谓语动词，表现形式是done，即动词的过去分词形式；与之并列的概念是现在分词。过去分词既保留了动词的用法，又具备了形容词或副词的功能。4.作状语1.作定语3.作表语2.作补语过去分词观察下面的句子，找出过去分词与名词间的关系。1.Mostpeoplejustusetheshortenedname:“theUnitedKingdom”or“theUK”.2.Theyusethesameflag,knownastheUnionJack,...3.TheyhadcastlesbuiltallaroundEngland,..._______________________________________________位置区别：例1中，shortened在名词______，例2中，knownas在名词______。所以，我们可以得出结论：_______________________________________________________________。前面后面单个分词作名词的定语时，其位置在名词前；分词短语则放在名词后面作宾补作定语作定语PartOne

PastParticipleasAttribute(过去分词用作定语)一.过去分词做定语分类：前置定语、后置定语1.什么是前置定语？其条件是什么？2.什么是后置定语？其条件是什么？开水

落叶一个叫Mary的女孩儿（call）

由著名演员所扮演的角色（play）boiled

waterfallenleavesagirlcalledMaryaroleplayed

by

thefamousactor她是我最喜欢的老师。Sheistheteacherwho/thatIlikebest.注：过去分词作定语修饰名词：单个单词放在所修饰词之前；分词短语放在所修饰词之后，表被动或完成。Describethepictures.abrokenbottleaninjuredplayerabridgebuiltin19371937PastParticiplesastheAttribute(1)tiredvisitorsawell-organisedtripbeautifullydressedstars·PresentationThepastparticipleastheattributePastParticiplesastheAttribute(2)visitors______ofthelongwait/…atrip_________wellbymyworkplace/…stars________beautifullyattheevent/…tiredorganiseddressed单个的过去分词用作定语通常置于其所修饰的名词之_____;过去分词短语用作定语时，一般置于其所修饰的名词之____，作____________。前后后置定语1.Heisoneofthose

invited.2.Therewasnobody

punishedhere.注意：单个的过去分词修饰复合不定代词something,everything,anything,nothing,nobody等或指示代词those时，要放在这些词的_______后面theroomleft

所剩的空间thepeopleconcerned

有关人士有些过去分词，如left(剩余的),

concerned(有关的)等，习惯用作后置定语。3.Isthereanything

uneaten?1.ShelitamatchandsawaChristmastree

decorated

verybeautifully.=ShelitamatchandsawaChristmastreewhichwas

decoratedverybeautifully.

过去分词作定语，可以转化成相对应的____从句。定语二.分词作定语与定语从句的区别1.Theyusethesameflag,whichisknownastheUnionJack,aswellassharethesamecurrencyandmilitarydefence.Theyusethesameflag,knownastheUnionJack,aswellassharethesamecurrencyandmilitarydefence.即学即用Pastparticiple2.ThisisalittlesimilartotheBritishtraditionofaninformalcupofteaservedwithsnacks.ThisisalittlesimilartotheBritishtraditionofaninformalcupofteawhichisservedwithsnacks.即学即用Pastparticiple【即学即练】单句语法填空1.Mostofthepeople______________(question)werestudents.2.Asisknowntousall,

TsinghuaUniversity,__________(found)in1911,isoneofthetopuniversities．3.Many

(use)computerswillbesoldinthismarket.4.Whoweretheso-calledguests________(invite)toyourpartylastnight?5.Asweallknow,Chinaisa____________(develop)country．6.Acourse__________(design)forfirst-yearstudentstohelpthemsucceedacademically

andpersonally.questionedfoundedusedinviteddevelopingwasdesignedPartTwo

PastParticipleasObjectComplement(过去分词用作宾语补足语)ReviewWhatisobjectivecomplement?Objectivecomplement宾语补足语Everyone calls him Tom.(宾语)(宾补)(主语)(谓语)带有宾语补足语的一般句型为：宾语补足语某些及物动词直接宾语（名词或代词）++宾语补足语一般放在宾语______,对宾语_________的作用。之后补充说明过去分词作宾语补足语1.过去分词和宾语之间的关系Shehadherhair

cutyesterday.她昨天剪了头发。→cut与hair是“剪头发”的动宾关系，表被动完成。Theteacherfoundtheessay

writteningreatdetail.

老师发现这篇文章写得很详细。→written与essay是“写文章”的被动关系。(1)及物动词的过去分词作宾语补足语时，表示该动词与宾语之间为逻辑上的

关系。动宾及物动词+宾语love（动词）→you（宾语）动作“爱”的对象是“你”→动宾关系reads→books动宾关系过去分词作宾语补足语1.过去分词和宾语之间的关系Wefoundtheleaves

fallenontheground.我们发现叶子落在了地上。→fallen仅表示“落下”的完成状态（fall为不及物动词）。Henoticedthe

sun

gonebehindtheclouds.他注意到太阳躲到了云层后面。→gone表示“消失”的完成结果（go为不及物动词）。(2)少数不及物动词(如fall、go、change等)的过去分词作宾语补足语时，仅表示动作的

。完成过去分词作宾语补足语1.过去分词和宾语之间的关系Theyfoundthe

children

dressedinwarmclothes.他们发现孩子们穿着暖和的衣服。→dressed表“穿着”的状态（dress为及物动词，但此处不表被动）。Thepolicediscoveredthe

suspect

hiddeninthebasement.警察发现嫌疑人藏在地下室里。→hidden表“躲藏”的状态（hide为及物动词，但此处强调状态）。(3)seat、hide、dress等的过去分词作宾语补足语时一般表示宾语的状态，不表示

。被动或完成练习fallenleaves(已经落下)落叶therisensun(已经升起)升起的太阳过去分词作宾语补足语2.过去分词作宾语补足语的五种情况Theteacherleftthestudentsconfused

bythecomplexinstructions.老师复杂的讲解让学生们一头雾水。Thecompanykeepsitsemployeesinformed

aboutpolicychanges.公司让员工随时了解政策变化。(1)用在表

的动词keep、leave等后面，构成“keep/leave＋n./pron.＋过去分词”使...处于...状态结构。状态过去分词作宾语补足语2.过去分词作宾语补足语的五种情况Theyhadtheirhouseburgled

whileonvacation.他们度假时家里遭了贼。Theteachermadeherselfheard

byspeakingloudly.老师大声说话让自己被听到。(2)用在表示“”意义的动词have、get、make等后面，构成“have/get/make＋n./pron.＋过去分词”结构。致使PresentationThepastparticipleasObjectComplement

结构:have+宾语+过去分词Hewillhavehiseyesexaminedtomorrow.Hehad

thewallspainted

thismorning.Becareful,oryou’llhave

yourhandshurt.①意为“主语请别人做某事”,表示_____。意为“使完成某事”。②事情既可以是别人做，也可以由主语自己做，表示_______。他今早把墙漆了。（主语自己可能参与）③意为“主语遭遇不测的事情”，表示_______。被动完成意外过去分词作宾语补足语2.过去分词作宾语补足语的五种情况Theyobservedthedatacarefullyanalyzedbytheresearchers.他们观察到数据被研究人员仔细分析。Theyfoundthecitycompletelychangedafter10years.他们发现这座城市十年后完全变了样。(3)用在表示感觉和心理状态的的动词，即：____动词，如：see,hear,observe,watch,feel,think,find,listento,look,notice等。感官hear＋宾语＋

doingsth.dosth.done.

(1)Iheardher_____________(sing)anEnglishsongwhenIpassedbyherroomyesterday．(2)Iheardher__________(sing)anEnglishsongjustnow．(3)TolearnEnglishwell,weshouldfindopportunitiestohearEnglish__________(speak)asmuchaspossible．singingsingspoken听到……正在做……（主动、进行）听到……做了……（主动、完成）听到……被做（被动、完成或无时间性）表示感观、感觉和发觉的动词。如：

watch,observe,see,hear,listento,feel,notice,find等。“感受到某人或某事被做”过去分词作宾语补足语2.过去分词作宾语补足语的五种情况Theyprefertheirchildreneducated

inabilingualenvironment.他们更希望孩子在双语环境中接受教育。Shelikesherroomdecorated

inwarmcolors.她喜欢房间用暖色装饰。(4)用在表示“”等的动词like、hate、want、wish等后面，构成“like/hate/...＋n./pron.＋过去分词”结构。爱憎、意愿过去分词作宾语补足语2.过去分词作宾语补足语的五种情况Theoldmansatinthearmchairwithhiseyesclosed.老人闭着眼睛坐在扶手椅上。Shefinishedtheprojectwithoutanyhelpreceived.她没有得到任何帮助就完成了项目。(5)用在“

＋宾语＋过去分词”结构中，宾语与过去分词之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系。这一结构通常在句中作状语，表示时间、方式、条件、原因等。with/without练习Theshockingnewsmademe__________(realize)whatterribleproblemswewouldface．Hespokeslowlyandclearlysothathecouldmakehimself___________(understand)．Motherhadme________(go)totheshopandbuysomesalt．Hehadus____________(laugh)allthroughthemeal．Myeldersisterhadherwallet_______________(steal)onabuslastmonth．realizeunderstoodgolaughingstolen【即学即练】单句语法填空

get,have,make,keep,leave等

watch,notice,see,hear,listento,feel,find等

want,wish,like,expect,order等

“with+宾语+宾补”过去分词与宾语之间是动宾关系主语＋谓语动词＋宾语＋过去分词“致使某人或某事被……”“感受到某人或某事被做”“希望/要求某人或某事被做”Summary

PracticeQuestionsfromrealexamination1.Astudy____________inYoungstown,Ohio(俄亥俄州扬斯敦),forexample,discoveredthatgreenerareasofthecityexperiencedlesscrime.(2020年全国I卷)2.Theseincludeplantsthathavesensors_________ontotheirleavestoshowwhenthey’reshortofwaterandapla