2026年英语六级阅读真题练习卷

2026年英语六级阅读真题练习卷PartIReadingComprehension(BankedCloze)(10%)Directions:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Questions1to10arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Theconceptof"digitalnomadism"hasevolvedfromanichelifestyletoasignificantglobalworkforcetrend.Initially,thetermreferredtoasmallgroupoftech-savvyindividualswholeveragedtheinternettoworkremotelywhiletravelingtheworld.However,theCOVID-19pandemicactedasamassive(1)__________,normalizingremoteworkformillionsofemployeesacrossvarioussectors.Ascompaniesrealizedthatproductivitydidnotnecessarilysufferoutsidethetraditionalofficeenvironment,manybegantoofferpermanentflexibleworkarrangements.Thisshifthasprofound(2)__________forurbanplanningandtheglobaleconomy.Citiesthatwereoncemajorbusinesshubsareseeingadeclineinthedailyinfluxofcommuters,leadingtoreducedrevenueforpublictransportationandlocaldowntownbusinesses.(3)__________,smallertownsandevenruralareasareexperiencingarenaissanceasdigitalnomadssettlethere,attractedbylowercostsoflivingandahigherqualityoflife.Thisphenomenon,oftencalled"rurbanization,"is(4)__________thedemographiclandscape.However,thelifestyleisnotwithoutitschallenges.Legalandtax(5)__________areoftencitedastheprimaryhurdles.Nomadsmustnavigatecomplexvisaregulationsanddoubletaxationagreements,whichcanbeanightmareforthosewithoutspecializedlegalassistance.Furthermore,thepsychologicaltollofconstantmovementcanleadtofeelingsof(6)__________andalackofdeepsocialconnections.Whilesocialmediaportraysthelifestyleasendlessbeachesandfreedom,therealityinvolveslogisticalheadaches,unreliableinternetconnections,andthe(7)__________ofastablecommunity.Despitetheseobstacles,theallureremainsstrong.Theriseofco-livingandco-workingspacesdemonstratesamarketresponsetotheneedforcommunityandinfrastructure.Employersarealsoadapting,hiringtalentfromaglobalpoolratherthanbeingrestrictedbygeography.This(8)__________ofthetalentwarallowscompaniestofindthebestskillsregardlessoflocation,fosteringamoreinclusiveanddiverseworkforce.Lookingahead,thetrendislikelyto(9)__________.Astechnologyimproves,with5Gandsatelliteinternetmakingconnectivityubiquitous,thebarrierstolocation-independentworkwillcontinuetofall.Governmentsarealsocompetingtoattractthesewealthyworkersbyintroducingspecific"digitalnomadvisas."Ultimately,thedigitalnomadmovementrepresentsafundamentalshiftinhowweperceivethe(10)__________betweenworkandlife,challengingtheindustrial-agenotionthatemploymentmustbetiedtoaspecificphysicallocation.A.implicationsB.catalystC.ConverselyD.reshapingE.isolationF.accelerateG.complexitiesH.globalizingI.intensificationJ.boundaryK.diminishL.ConverselyM.absenceN.distinctionO.paradoxicallyPartIIReadingComprehension(LongReading)(20%)Directions:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.Questions11to20arebasedonthefollowingpassage.TheRiseofSyntheticBiology:EngineeringLifeforaSustainableFutureA.Syntheticbiology(SynBio)representsaconvergenceofbiologyandengineering,aimingtodesignandconstructnewbiologicalparts,devices,andsystems,aswellasre-designexistingnaturalbiologicalsystemsforusefulpurposes.Itisaninterdisciplinarybranchthatcombinesdisciplineslikemolecularbiology,biotechnology,geneticengineering,andcomputerscience.Unliketraditionalgeneticmodification,whichtypicallyinvolvestransferringexistinggenesfromoneorganismtoanother,syntheticbiologyseekstocreateentirelynewsequencesofDNAthatdonotexistinnature.B.Thepotentialapplicationsofsyntheticbiologyarevastandtransformative.Inthehealthcaresector,SynBioispavingthewayforthedevelopmentofnoveltherapeutics.Scientistsareengineeringmicroorganismsthatcanproducedrugsmoreefficientlythantraditionalmethods.Forinstance,theanti-malarialdrugartemisinin,previouslyextractedfromplants,isnowbeingproducedbyyeaststrainsengineeredwithsyntheticDNA.Thisnotonlystabilizesthesupplychainbutalsoreducescostssignificantly.C.Beyondmedicine,theenvironmentalimplicationsofsyntheticbiologyareprofound.Researchersaredeveloping"designermicrobes"capableofbreakingdownpollutants,suchasplasticwasteoroilspills,offeringabiologicalsolutiontotheplanet'spollutioncrisis.Additionally,syntheticbiologyholdsthekeytosustainableagriculture.Engineeredcropsthatrequirelesswater,fertilizer,orpesticidecoulddrasticallyreducetheenvironmentalfootprintoffarming,addressingthechallengeoffeedingagrowingglobalpopulationwithoutdepletingnaturalresources.D.Theindustrialapplicationofsyntheticbiologyisalsogainingmomentum,particularlyintheproductionofbiofuelsandbiochemicals.Byengineeringmetabolicpathwaysinbacteriaoryeast,scientistscanturnrenewablebiomassintofuels,plastics,andotherchemicalsthatarecurrentlyderivedfromfossilfuels.Thisshifttowardsa"bio-basedeconomy"couldsignificantlyreducegreenhousegasemissionsanddependenceonnon-renewableresources.Companiesarealreadyexploringthecommercialproductionofspidersilkproteinsforhigh-performancematerialsandlab-grownleatherforthefashionindustry.E.However,therapidadvancementofsyntheticbiologyraisessignificantethicalandsafetyconcerns.Thecreationof"newlifeforms"orthemodificationofexistingpathogensposespotentialbiosecurityrisks.Thereisafearthatmaliciousactorscouldusesyntheticbiologytoengineerharmfulvirusesorbacteria.Consequently,thefieldissubjecttointensescrutinyandcallsforrobustgovernanceframeworkstoensurethatresearchisconductedsafelyandresponsibly.Internationalbodiesareworkingtoestablishstandardsandprotocolstopreventaccidentalorintentionalmisuseofthetechnology.F.Publicperceptionandacceptanceofsyntheticbiologyarecriticalforitsfuturedevelopment.Unlikebiotechnology,whichhasfacedpublicresistanceinsomeregions,syntheticbiologyremainsrelativelyunknowntothegeneralpublic.AsproductscreatedthroughSynBioenterthemarket,transparentcommunicationaboutthebenefits,risks,andregulatoryoversightwillbeessential.Withoutpublictrust,thedeploymentofthesetechnologiescouldfacesignificantregulatoryhurdlesandmarketresistance,similartothoseexperiencedbygeneticallymodifiedorganisms(GMOs).G.Theeconomiclandscapeofsyntheticbiologyisevolvingrapidly,withsubstantialinvestmentflowingintostartupsandresearchinstitutions.Venturecapitalisfundinganewwaveof"SynBio"companiesfocusedoneverythingfromfoodingredientstodatastorageinDNA.Themarketisprojectedtogrowexponentiallyoverthenextdecade,drivenbyfallingcostsofDNAsynthesisandsequencing.Asthetechnologymatures,itisexpectedtodisruptmultipleindustries,creatingnewmarketsandtransformingtraditionalmanufacturingprocesses.H.Oneofthemostexcitingfrontiersofsyntheticbiologyisthepotentialforspaceexploration.NASAandotherspaceagenciesareinvestigatingtheuseofsyntheticbiologytoproduceresourcesinsitu,suchasmanufacturingfood,medicine,andbuildingmaterialsfromMartiansoilorrecycledcarbondioxide.This"off-planet"manufacturingcapabilityiscrucialforlong-durationspacemissionsandestablishinghumansettlementsonotherplanets,reducingtheneedtotransporteverynecessaryresourcefromEarth.I.Educationandworkforcedevelopmentareequallyimportanttosupportthegrowthofthisfield.Syntheticbiologyrequiresauniqueskillsetthatcombineswet-labbiologywithcomputationalmodelingandengineeringprinciples.Universitiesarebeginningtoofferspecializedprogramstotrainthenextgenerationofsyntheticbiologists.Furthermore,interdisciplinarycollaborationiskey;breakthroughsoftenoccurattheintersectionofbiology,engineering,anddatascience,requiringaculturalshiftinacademicandresearchinstitutionstowardsmoreintegratedapproaches.SiliconValleyhaslongbeenthehuboftechnologicalinnovation,butitisnowplayingapivotalroleinthebiotechrevolution.Techgiantsareinvestingheavilyinlifesciences,recognizingtheparallelsbetweenthedigitizationofinformationandthedigitizationofbiology.Theconvergenceofthesetwoworldsisacceleratingthepaceofdiscoveryinsyntheticbiology,bringingusclosertoafuturewherebiologyisasprogrammableasacomputer.SyntheticbiologyisdistinctfromtraditionalgeneticmodificationinthatitfocusesoncreatingnewDNAsequencesthatdonotexistinnature.TheproductionofartemisininusingyeaststrainsdemonstrateshowSynBiocanimprovetheefficiencyandstabilityofdrugmanufacturing.EnvironmentalapplicationsofSynBioincludecreatingmicrobesthatcandegradeplasticwasteandoilspills.Intheindustrialsector,syntheticbiologyfacilitatesthetransitionfromfossilfuelstorenewablebiomassforproducingchemicalsandfuels.Thereareconcernsthatsyntheticbiologycouldbemisusedtocreateharmfulbiologicalagents,necessitatingstrictgovernance.Publicacceptanceofsyntheticbiologyiscurrentlyuncertainduetoalackofwidespreadawareness,thoughtransparentcommunicationcouldhelp.Theeconomicfutureofsyntheticbiologylookspromising,withsignificantventurecapitalinvestmentandprojectedmarketgrowth.Syntheticbiologycouldbeinstrumentalinsupportinglong-termspacemissionsbyenablingtheproductionofresourcesonotherplanets.Trainingthefutureworkforceinsyntheticbiologyrequiresaninterdisciplinaryapproachcombiningbiology,engineering,andcomputerscience.TheinvolvementofmajortechnologycompaniesinSiliconValleyisacceleratingthedevelopmentofsyntheticbiologybyapplyingprinciplesofdigitizationtolifesciences.PartIIIReadingComprehension(MultipleChoice)(35%)Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneQuestions21to25arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Theconceptofa"UniversalBasicIncome"(UBI)hastransitionedfromafringeacademicideatoacentraltopicofdebateamongeconomists,policymakers,andtechnologistsworldwide.Asautomationandartificialintelligencethreatentodisplacemillionsofworkers,proponentsarguethataUBI—aguaranteed,unconditionalsumofmoneygiventoallcitizens—providesanecessarysafetynet.Theycontendthatitwouldreducepoverty,simplifywelfarebureaucracy,andempowerindividualstopursueeducationorcreativeendeavorswithoutthefearofdestitution.However,criticsraisesignificanteconomicandmoralobjections.Fromaneconomicstandpoint,theprimaryconcerniscost.Providingameaningfulincometoeveryadultwouldrequireamassiveincreaseintaxationorareallocationoffundsfromexistingsocialprograms.Criticsarguethatsuchafiscalburdencouldstifleeconomicgrowthandleadtoinflationarypressures,negatingtheintendedbenefits.Furthermore,thereisthe"workdisincentive"argument.Opponentsclaimthatifpeople'sbasicneedsaremetunconditionally,themotivationtoworkwilldiminish,leadingtolaborshortagesandadeclineinproductivity.Despitethesecriticisms,pilotprogramsaroundtheglobehaveyieldedintriguingresultsthatchallengeconventionalwisdom.ExperimentsinFinland,Canada,andKenyahaveshownthat,contrarytothedisincentivehypothesis,recipientsoftencontinuetoworkorevenincreasetheirworkhours.ThefinancialsecurityprovidedbyUBIappearstoimprovementalhealthandwell-being,whichcan,inturn,enhanceworkforceparticipation.Recipientsfrequentlyusethefundstocoveressentialneedslikefoodandhousing,butalsotopayoffdebtorinvestinsmallbusinesses.TheimpactofUBIongenderdynamicsisalsoacrucialareaofstudy.Inmanytraditionalwelfaresystems,benefitsareoftentiedtospecificconditionsoremploymentstatus,whichcandisproportionatelydisadvantagewomenwhoperformunpaidcarework.UBI,bybeinguniversalandunconditional,offersadegreeoffinancialindependencetocaregivers,potentiallyredistributingpowerwithinhouseholds.Thiseconomicautonomycouldenablewomentoleaveabusiverelationshipsornegotiatebettertermsintheirdomesticlives.Ultimately,thedebateoverUBIisnotmerelyeconomicbutphilosophical.Itforcessocietytoquestionthevalueoflaborandthepurposeoftheeconomyinanageofabundance.Ifmachinescanproducemuchofwhatweneed,doestherighttoworkremaintiedtotherighttosurvive?Aswestandonthebrinkofatechnologicalrevolutionthatcouldredefinework,theUBIdebateservesasalitmustestforourcollectivevalues.Itaskswhetherweviewthefutureasacompetitionforscarceresourcesorasanopportunitytosharethedividendsofprogress.21.WhatisthemainargumentofproponentsofUniversalBasicIncome(UBI)?A)Itwillcompletelyreplacetheneedforallexistingwelfareprograms.B)Itisessentialtocombatjobdisplacementcausedbyautomationandreducepoverty.C)Itwillforceeveryonetopursuehighereducationandcreativecareers.D)Itistheonlywaytopreventinflationinamoderneconomy.22.WhatistheprimaryeconomicconcernraisedbycriticsregardingUBI?A)Itwillleadtoamassiveincreaseintaxationorreallocationoffunds,potentiallystiflinggrowth.B)Itistoocomplicatedtoadministercomparedtotraditionalwelfaresystems.C)Itwillcauseadevaluationofcurrencyduetoexcessiveprintingofmoney.D)Itwillonlybenefitthewealthyandincreasethewealthgap.23.WhathavepilotprogramsinFinland,Canada,andKenyarevealedabouttheworkdisincentivetheory?A)Thetheoryiscorrect;mostrecipientsstoppedworkingafterreceivingUBI.B)Recipientsmostlyworkedlesshourstoenjoytheirleisuretime.C)Recipientsgenerallymaintainedorincreasedtheirworkhours,contrarytothetheory.D)Theresultswereinconclusiveduetotheshortdurationofthepilots.24.HowdoesUBIpotentiallyaffectgenderdynamicsaccordingtothepassage?A)Itreinforcestraditionalgenderrolesbykeepingwomeninunpaidcarework.B)Itprovidesfinancialindependencetocaregivers,potentiallyshiftinghouseholdpowerdynamics.C)Ithasnosignificantimpactongenderequalitycomparedtocurrentwelfaresystems.D)Itdisadvantageswomenbecauseitreducesfundingfortargetedwomen'sprograms.25.Whatisthe"philosophical"implicationoftheUBIdebatementionedinthelastparagraph?A)Itquestionswhethertherighttosurviveshouldbedecoupledfromtherighttoworkinanageoftechnologicalabundance.B)Itprovesthatcapitalismisfundamentallyflawedandmustbereplaced.C)Itsuggeststhathumanlaborisnolongernecessaryforanyeconomicactivity.D)Itconfirmsthattechnologicalprogressalwaysleadstohigherunemployment.PassageTwoQuestions26to30arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Intherealmofcognitivescience,the"FlynnEffect"referstothesubstantialandsustainedincreaseinbothfluidandcrystallizedintelligencetestscoresmeasuredinmanypartsoftheworldoverthe20thcentury.NamedafterpoliticalscientistJamesFlynn,thisphenomenonhasbeendocumentedinnumerouscountries,withaverageIQscoresrisingbyroughlythreepointsperdecade.Thisriseimpliesthat,onaverage,peopletodayaresignificantlysharperthantheirgrandparents,afactthatseemstocontradictthecynicalviewthatmodernmediaandeducationare"dumbingdown"thepopulation.Flynnhimselfarguedthattheincreaseisnotduetogeneticevolution,whichoccurstooslowly,butrathertoenvironmentalfactors.Theprimarydriver,hesuggested,istheincreasingvisual-spatialcomplexityofourenvironment.Modernliferequiresustonavigateabstractsystems,understandcomplexdiagrams,andengagewithlogicpuzzlesinvideogamesandworkinterfaces.This"cognitiveexercise"strengthensspecificpartsofthebrainassociatedwithproblem-solving.Furthermore,theriseinyearsofformaleducationandthetendencyforsmallerfamilies,whereparentsspendmoretimeinteractingwithchildren,havealsocontributedtohighercognitiveperformance.However,recentstudiessuggestthattheFlynnEffectmaybereversingorplateauinginsomedevelopednations,particularlyinScandinaviaandpartsofEurope.Thispotentialdecline,dubbedthe"ReverseFlynnEffect,"hassparkedconcernamongresearchers.Severalhypotheseshavebeenproposedtoexplainthisshift.Onetheorysuggeststhattheeffecthasreachedabiologicallimit;perhapswehavemaximizedtheenvironmentalpotentialforraisingIQ.Anothertheorypointstochangesineducationalcurriculathatmayemphasizerotememorizationoverdeepanalyticalthinking.Amorecontroversialhypothesislinksthedeclinetothewidespreaduseofdigitaltechnologyandsocialmedia.Criticsarguethattheconstantdistractionandthepreferenceforbite-sizedinformationoverdeepreadingareerodingattentionspansandcriticalthinkingskills.Whiletheinternetprovidesvastamountsofinformation,thewayweconsumeit—skimming,scanning,andmultitasking—maybequalitativelydifferentfromthefocusedengagementrequiredbytraditionalliteracy.This"shallowprocessing"hypothesissuggeststhatwhileweareprocessingmoredata,wearedoingsowithlessdepth.ItisalsocrucialtounderstandwhatIQtestsactuallymeasure.Theyaredesignedtoassessspecificcognitiveabilitieslikepatternrecognition,logicalreasoning,andshort-termmemory.Theydonotnecessarilymeasurewisdom,creativity,emotionalintelligence,orpracticalknowledge.Therefore,adeclineintestscoresdoesnotnecessarilymeanthatpeoplearebecominglesscapableinallaspectsoflife.Itmaysimplyreflectashiftinthecognitiveskillsthatsocietyvaluesandcultivates.Asthenatureofworkandleisurechanges,sotoodothecognitivedemandsplacedonindividuals.TheimplicationsoftheReverseFlynnEffectaresignificantforeducationandpublicpolicy.Ifthetrendisrealandcontinues,itcouldimpactinnovationandeconomicproductivity,whichrelyheavilyonhigh-levelcognitiveskills.Itsuggestsaneedtore-evaluatehowweteachchildren,perhapsplacingagreateremphasisoncriticalthinking,problem-solving,andsustainedattention.Educatorsmayneedtofindwaystoleveragetechnologytoenhance,ratherthandetractfrom,deepcognitiveengagement.Thefutureofhumanintelligencemaydependnotjustonourbiologicalhardware,butonthe"software"werun—ourculturalandeducationalhabits.26.WhatistheFlynnEffect?A)Thedeclineingeneticintelligenceduetomixingofpopulations.B)Thesignificantandsustainedincreaseinintelligencetestscoresoverthe20thcentury.C)Thetheorythatvideogamesimprovevisual-spatialskills.D)Theobservationthatpeopletodayarelessintelligentthantheirancestors.27.AccordingtoJamesFlynn,whatistheprimarycauseoftheincreaseinIQscores?A)Rapidgeneticevolutionoverthelastcentury.B)Betternutritionandhealthcarestandards.C)Environmentalfactorslikethevisualcomplexityofmodernlifeandincreasededucation.D)Theremovalofleadfrompaintandgasoline.28.Whatisthe"ReverseFlynnEffect"mentionedinthepassage?A)AdeclineinIQscoresobservedrecentlyinsomedevelopednations.B)Amethodtoreversetheagingprocessinthebrain.C)Thetendencyforoldergenerationstoscorehigherthanyoungerones.D)Aneweducationaltechniquetoboostcognitiveperformance.29.Whatisthe"shallowprocessing"hypothesisregardingdigitaltechnology?A)Theinternetprovidestoomuchinformation,causinginformationoverload.B)Digitaltechnologyimprovesmemoryretentionthroughrepetition.C)Thewayweconsumedigitalmedia(skimming,multitasking)mayreducedepthofthought.D)Socialmediaplatformsaredesignedtomakeusersaddicted.30.Whatistheauthor'sstanceontheimplicationsofIQtestresults?A)IQtestsaretheonlyaccuratemeasureofhumanpotentialandworth.B)AdeclineinIQscoresmeanssocietyiscollapsing.C)IQtestsmeasurespecificskills,andadeclinemayreflectashiftincognitivedemandsratherthanadropinoverallcapability.D)Educationsystemsarefailingandneedtobecompletelyoverhauledimmediately.AnswerKeyandExplanationsPartIReadingComprehension(BankedCloze)1.B)catalyst【解析】空格前为"amassive"，空格后为"normalizingremotework..."。句意：新冠疫情充当了一个巨大的催化剂，使数百万跨行业员工的远程办公常态化。"Catalyst"（催化剂）符合语境，表示促使变化发生的事物。2.A)implications【解析】空格前为"profound"，空格后为"forurbanplanning..."。句意：这种转变对城市规划和全球经济有着深远的影响。"Implications"（含义、影响）常与"for"搭配，表示对某事物的潜在影响。3.C)Conversely【解析】前文提到大城市中心通勤者减少，本句提到小城镇和农村地区复兴，两者形成对比。"Conversely"（相反地）用于引出对比的观点。4.D)reshaping【解析】空格前为"is"，空格后为"thedemographiclandscape"。句意：这种现象，通常被称为“逆城市化”，正在重塑人口格局。"Reshape"（重塑）与"landscape"（格局/景观）搭配恰当。5.G)complexities【解析】空格前为"Legalandtax"，空格后为"areoftencitedas..."。句意：法律和税务复杂性常被引为主要障碍。"Complexities"（复杂性）符合语境，指法律和税务问题的复杂程度。6.E)isolation【解析】空格前为"feelingsof"，空格后为"andalackofdeepsocialconnections"。句意：不断移动的心理代价会导致孤独感和缺乏深层的社会联系。"Isolation"（孤立/孤独）与后文的"lackofsocialconnections"并列。7.M)absence【解析】空格前为"the"，空格后为"ofastablecommunity"。句意：现实包括物流头痛、不可靠的网络连接以及缺乏稳定的社区。"Absence"（缺乏）符合语境。8.I)intensification【解析】空格前为"This"，空格后为"ofthetalentwar"。句意：这种人才争夺战的加剧使公司能够不受地理位置限制地寻找最佳技能。"Intensification"（加剧）常用于竞争、冲突等语境。9.F)accelerate【解析】句意：展望未来，这一趋势可能会加速。随着技术进步……阻碍将进一步减少。"Accelerate"（加速）符合趋势发展的语境。10.J)boundary【解析】空格前为"the"，空格后为"betweenworkandlife"。句意：最终，数字游民运动代表了我们如何看待工作与生活界限的根本转变。"Boundary"（界限）常用于"work-lifeboundary"（工作与生活的界限）。PartIIReadingComprehension(LongReading)11.A【解析】根据题目中的关键词"distinctfromtraditionalgeneticmodification"和"creatingnewDNAsequences"，定位到A段。A段末尾明确指出："Unliketraditionalgeneticmodification...syntheticbiologyseekstocreateentirelynewsequencesofDNAthatdonotexistinnature."这与题干表述一致。12.B【解析】根据题目内容"artemisinin"（青蒿素）和"yeaststrains"（酵母菌株），定位到B段。B段详细描述了通过工程酵母生产青蒿素的例子，并指出这稳定了供应链并降低了成本。13.C【解析】根据题目关键词"environmentalapplications"、"breakingdownpollutants"（分解污染物）和"plasticwaste"，定位到C段。C段提到研究人员正在开发能够分解污染物（如塑料废物或石油泄漏）的"设计微生物"。14.D【解析】根据题目关键词"industrialapplication"、"biofuels"（生物燃料）和"fossilfuels"（化石燃料），定位到D段。D段讨论了通过工程化代谢途径将可再生生物质转化为燃料，从而减少对化石燃料的依赖。15.E【解析】根据题目关键词"biosecurityrisks"（生物安全风险）、"maliciousactors"（恶意行为者）和"governance"（治理），定位到E段。E段主要讨论合成生物学带来的伦理和安全担忧，特别是被用于制造有害生物制剂的风险，以及对此进行严格治理的必要性。16.F【解析】根据题目关键词"Publicperception"（公众认知）、"unknowntothegeneralpublic"（公众普遍不知）和"transparentcommunication"（透明沟通），定位到F段。F段指出公众对合成生物学的认知度较低，且随着产品上市，透明沟通对于建立信任至关重要。17.G【解析】根据题目关键词"economiclandscape"、"venturecapital"（风险投资）和"marketgrowth"（市场增长），定位到G段。G段描述了合成生物学的经济前景，大量风险投资涌入，市场预计将呈指数级增长。18.H【解析】根据题目关键词"spaceexploration"（太空探索）、"NASA"和"long-durationspacemissions"（长期太空任务），定位到H段。H段探讨了合成生物学在太空探索中的潜力，特别是利用现场资源生产物资，支持长期太空任务。19.I【解析】根据题目关键词"Educationandworkforcedevelopment"（教育与劳动力发展）、"interdisciplinaryapproach"（跨学科方法）和"computerscience"（计算机科学），定位到I段。I段强调了合成生物学所需的独特技能集，即结合湿实验生物学、计算建模和工程原理的跨学科方法。20.J【解析】根据题目关键词"SiliconValley"（硅谷）、"techgiants"（科技巨头）和"digitizationofbiology"（生物学的数字化），定位到J段。J段提到硅谷在生物技术革命中的作用，科技巨头将信息数字化的原理应用于生物学，加速了发现。PartIIIReadingComprehension(MultipleChoice)PassageOne21.B【解析】细节题。根据第一段内容："Asautomationandartificialintelligencethreatentodisplacemillionsofworkers,proponentsarguethataUBI...providesanecessarysafetynet.Theycontendthatitwouldreduc